EP1653010B1 - Unterwasser-Saugbagger-Verfahren und Vorrichtung dafür - Google Patents

Unterwasser-Saugbagger-Verfahren und Vorrichtung dafür Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1653010B1
EP1653010B1 EP04077955A EP04077955A EP1653010B1 EP 1653010 B1 EP1653010 B1 EP 1653010B1 EP 04077955 A EP04077955 A EP 04077955A EP 04077955 A EP04077955 A EP 04077955A EP 1653010 B1 EP1653010 B1 EP 1653010B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cutting
water
bottom material
jet
pores
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP04077955A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1653010A1 (de
Inventor
E.C.J. Bijvoet
Lucien Joseph Maria Claassen
C.H.M. Kramers
G.J.P. Versteeg
Kees Peter Peerlkamp
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
IHC Holland lE BV
Van Oord NV
Original Assignee
IHC Holland lE BV
Van Oord NV
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Publication date
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First worldwide family litigation filed litigation Critical https://patents.darts-ip.com/?family=37770994&utm_source=google_patent&utm_medium=platform_link&utm_campaign=public_patent_search&patent=EP1653010(B1) "Global patent litigation dataset” by Darts-ip is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Priority to CN200410095142.7A priority Critical patent/CN1766241B/zh
Priority to AT04077955T priority patent/ATE452249T1/de
Priority to EP04077955A priority patent/EP1653010B1/de
Priority to PT04077955T priority patent/PT1653010E/pt
Priority to DE602004024685T priority patent/DE602004024685D1/de
Application filed by IHC Holland lE BV, Van Oord NV filed Critical IHC Holland lE BV
Priority to ES04077955T priority patent/ES2337897T3/es
Publication of EP1653010A1 publication Critical patent/EP1653010A1/de
Publication of EP1653010B1 publication Critical patent/EP1653010B1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Active legal-status Critical Current
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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
    • E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
    • E02F3/88—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with arrangements acting by a sucking or forcing effect, e.g. suction dredgers
    • E02F3/90—Component parts, e.g. arrangement or adaptation of pumps
    • E02F3/92—Digging elements, e.g. suction heads
    • E02F3/9256—Active suction heads; Suction heads with cutting elements, i.e. the cutting elements are mounted within the housing of the suction head
    • E02F3/9262—Active suction heads; Suction heads with cutting elements, i.e. the cutting elements are mounted within the housing of the suction head with jets

Definitions

  • the invention is related to a method for performing a dredging operation by means of a drag head which is connected to a dredging vessel by means of a suction tube and which is dragged over the bottom by the vessel.
  • the drag head has a number of teeth for cutting the bottom material.
  • a water supply system is connected to the drag head, in such a way that by means of a pump, water is pumped towards the drag head for assisting the cutting action of the teeth and for transporting said cut bottom material to the suction tube.
  • the vessel has onboard storage means, such as a hopper, for collecting the cut material.
  • the energy which is consumed in the cutting process plays an important role.
  • the cutting forces which are only available to a limited extent due to geometric properties of the suction tube arrangements, are obtained by the propulsion unit of the vessel, which requires a certain specific energy consumption to that end.
  • the pumps for generating water jets and for transportation of the mixture of cut material and water consume energy.
  • the amount of energy required is greatly increased in the case of relatively hard packed, very fine and highly cohesive water bottoms. The reason for this high energy requirement is the following.
  • the pore volume In saturated water soils, the pore volume is usually filled with said pore water. In case a pore volume increase is imposed, a demand for water is generated in the pores. This demand results in a pressure decrease.
  • the phenomenon of pore volume increase and pore pressure decrease is referred to as dilatation or dilatantion.
  • the degree to which this water demand can be satisfied depends on the permeability of the bottom, layer thickness and the propagation speed of the cutting process.
  • the permeability of the bottom material is influenced in a negative way by the fine and packed character of the particle bottom material.
  • the underpressure quickly increases up to the vapour pressure and almost vacuum.
  • Such large underpressure gives rise to accordingly large normal forces, which result in large friction forces both between the particles and between the bottom material and the cutting member. The sum of these forces is equal to the cutting force.
  • the aim of the invention is to provide a dredging operation by means of which the cutting forces can be reduced and the efficiency of the dredging system as a whole can be increased.
  • Said aim is obtained by a method for performing a dredging operation in a water body by means of a drag head, the bottom of said water body comprising a packed bottom material of particles which enclose pores which are filled with pore water, said drag head comprising at least one cutting member for cutting the bottom material, jet means connected to a conduit supplied with pressurized water for treating the bottom material by means of the at least one water jet, and suction means for removing the cut bottom material, said method comprising the steps of:
  • US-A-4.004.358 discloses a method of underwater dredging whereby at least one cutting blade is moved through the soil. Furthermore, means are provided at the failure slip plane arising upon movement of the cutting blade, for supplying an auxiliary fluid. In particular, said auxiliary fluid is supplied in advance of the cutting blade, at the position of the failure slip plane.
  • the corresponding dredging installation comprises a cutting blade as well as a nozzles for supplying the auxiliary fluid. Said nozzles are positioned at some distance before the cutting blade.
  • the nozzles are carried by a series of tubes which extend forwardly of the cutting blade; the tubes themselves are supported by means of webs a connected to the cutting face of the cutting blade.
  • NL-A-7.709.227 discloses a similar method and dredging installation, improved by providing openings in the cutting blade. Through these openings, water may freely flow over the cutting face of the cutting blade so as to promote the movement of the cuttings over the cutting blade. Additionally, a series of tubes, supported by webs, extends forwardly of the cutting blade, for supplying water at the location of the failure slip planes. Similarly, according to this proposal the soil to be cut is disturbed.
  • negative pore pressures are prevented or mitigated by directly supplying a water flow to the pores concerned.
  • the demand for pore water is thus satisfied by the water flow which introduces water into the pores. It is sufficient for said flow to have a limited magnitude, e.g. 15% of the cut material flux.
  • An effective flow can be obtained by means of a water jet, the output pressure of which is between 2 and 5 bars above static water pressure. It is to be noted that such water lacks a cutting effect; in contrast, water jets for cutting bottom material indeed have a significantly higher output pressure of e.g. 400 bar.
  • the cutting member can generate a cutting face in the parcel of bottom material, at least the pores at said cutting face and/or bordering said cutting face being subjected to a pore pressure decrease caused by the cutting member and a pressure increase caused by the jet water.
  • the water jet is essentially about horizontally directed towards the bottom material in front of the cutting member, whereby the angle between the water jet and the vertical is between 45° and 135°.
  • the water flow can be generated at or near the cutting member.
  • the flow of the water jet is between 3 % and 40% of the cut material flux. More preferably, the flow of the water jet is between 4% and 35% of the cut material flux. Most preferably, the flow of the water jet is between 5% and 25% of the cut material flux.
  • the method according to the invention comprises the steps of:
  • At least one secondary water jet is generated for diluting the cut bottom material enabling the flow of said material towards the suction means.
  • the invention is furthermore related to a dredging installation for carrying out the method as described before, comprising a dredging vessel provided with a tube which at one end is connected to the vessel and which at the other end carries a drag head, pump means for generating a flow through the tube from the drag head towards the vessel, as well as a conduit for feeding a water flow towards the drag head, said drag head comprising cutting means for cutting the bottom of a water body and jet means connected to the conduit for subjecting said water bottom to at least one water jet.
  • the jet means are carried out for introducing a water flow into the pores between the particles of the bottom material and thereby at least partly eliminating the pressure decrease in said pores which is caused by the cutting action of the cutting means.
  • the invention is related to a drag head for a dredging installation as described before, and for carrying out the dredging operation according to the invention.
  • the drag head shown in figures 1 up to 3 comprises a main body 1 at one end of which the mounting flange 2 is mounted. By means of the mounting flange 2, the drag head can be connected to a suction tube and a dredging vessel (not shown). At the other end, the body 1 carries a so called visor 3 through the hinge connection 4. The angle orientation of the visor 3 can be adjusted with respect to the body 1 by means of the hydraulic piston/cylinder devices 5.
  • the visor carries two rows 6, 7 of cutting members 8, each provided with a jet nozzle 36 (other numbers of rows are possible as well). These cutting members are shown on an enlarged scale in figure 5 .
  • Each cutting member 8 comprises a cutting tooth 9 as well as a tooth holder 10.
  • the tooth holders 10 have a mounting part 11 by means of which they are connected to a cross bar 12 of each row 7, 8.
  • each tooth 9 has a cavity 14 in which the pointed end 13 of the mounting part 11 is tightly fitted. By means of a pin (not shown) extending through the holder and the tooth, axial displacements are prevented.
  • the tooth holders 10 each have a channel 15 which at one end opens out in a chamber 16 and the other end of which receives a feed pipe 17.
  • the feed pipe 17 is tightly fitted within the tooth holder channel 15 by means of a sealing system 18.
  • the tooth 9 has a tooth channel 19, which has a somewhat curved shape and into which a correspondingly curved section of the feed pipe 17 extends as well.
  • the feed pipe 17 is guided with respect to the tooth channel 19 by means of a guiding sleeve 20.
  • each tooth holder chamber 16 of each tooth holder 10 is in communication with a feed opening 21 in the cross bars 12.
  • These cross bars each delimit a plenum chamber 22, which plenum chambers 22 are fed with pressurized water by means of the respective feed lines 23, 24.
  • These feed lines 23, 24 are each connected to a manifold 25 which in turn, by means of supply tube 26, is supplied with pressurized water.
  • jet nozzles 28 are connected to the body 1, which jet nozzles 28 are in communication with the supply pipe 26 as well through plenum chamber 27.
  • Figure 6 shows the general orientation of the drag head according to the invention with respect to the bottom 29 of a water body during a cutting operation.
  • the visor 3 is oriented with respect to the body 1 through the piston/cylinder devices 5.
  • figure 7a, 7b and 8 show details of the bottom material and the cutting process.
  • Figure 7a shows the usual packing of particles 33 of the bottom material. In a normally packed bottom, said particles 33 are firmly urged onto each other in a random way.
  • parcels 34 of bottom material are sheared with respect to each other by the cutting tooth 8. This shearing becomes possible as soon as the particles 33 are oriented along shear or glide surfaces 35. In such condition, parcels 34 can be moved with respect to each other.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Perforating, Stamping-Out Or Severing By Means Other Than Cutting (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)
  • Aeration Devices For Treatment Of Activated Polluted Sludge (AREA)
  • Underground Or Underwater Handling Of Building Materials (AREA)

Claims (13)

  1. Verfahren zum Durchführen eines Ausbaggervorgangs in einem Gewässer mittels eines Schleppkopfes, wobei der Boden (29) des Gewässers ein dicht gepacktes Bodenmaterial aus Partikeln (33) umfasst, die Poren einschließen, die mit Porenwasser gefüllt sind, wobei der Schleppkopf mindestens ein Schneidelement (8) zum Schneiden des Bodenmaterials, Strahlmittel (36), die mit einer Leitung (26) verbunden sind, der druckbeaufschlagtes Wasser zugeführt wird, zum Behandeln des Bodenmaterials mittels des mindestens einen Wasserstrahls, und Saugmittel zum Entfernen des geschnittenen Bodenmaterials umfasst, wobei das Verfahren folgende Schritte umfasst:
    - Ziehen des Schleppkopfes den Boden (29) entlang
    - Ausüben einer Schneidkraft auf ein Paket (34) von dicht gepacktem Bodenmaterial mittels eines Schneidelements (8), wobei die Schneidkraft eine Zunahme des gegenseitigen Abstands von mindestens einem Teil der Partikel (33) des Pakets Bodenmaterial verursacht und dadurch eine Abnahme des Porendrucks in den wassergefüllten Poren zwischen den Partikeln (33) bewirkt,
    - Richten mindestens eines Wasserstrahls (30) auf das Paket (34) Bodenmaterial, um einen Wasserfluss in die Poren zwischen den Partikeln (33) einzuführen und dadurch zumindest teilweise die durch die Verlagerung von Bodenmaterial verursachte Druckabnahme in den Poren zu eliminieren, wobei die Eliminierung zu einer verringerten spezifischen Schneidkraft führt,
    - anschließendes Schneiden des Pakets (34) Bodenmaterial mittels des Schneidelements (8),
    - wobei der Wasserfluss an oder nahe dem Schneidelement (8) erzeugt wird.
  2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, wobei der Wasserstrahl (30) in einem Winkel von zwischen 45° und 135° zur Vertikalen auf das Bodenmaterial vor dem Schneidelement (8) gerichtet wird.
  3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, wobei der Wasserstrahl (30) im Wesentlichen horizontal auf das Bodenmaterial vor dem Schneidelement (8) gerichtet wird.
  4. Verfahren nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, wobei der Fluss des Wasserstrahls zwischen 3% und 40% des Flusses an geschnittenem Material beträgt.
  5. Verfahren nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, wobei der Fluss des Wasserstrahls zwischen 4% und 35% des Flusses an geschnittenem Material beträgt.
  6. Verfahren nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, wobei der Fluss des Wasserstrahls etwa 15% des Flusses an geschnittenem Material beträgt.
  7. Verfahren nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, wobei der Wasserfluss zwischen 0,5 und 1,5 Kubikmeter pro Sekunde beträgt.
  8. Verfahren nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, umfassend folgende Schritte:
    - Anwenden von mindestens zwei Schneidelementen (8) auf verschiedenen Höhen,
    - Richten von mindestens zwei Wasserstrahlen (30) auf verschiedenen Höhen auf das Bodenmaterial vor einem jeweiligen Schneidelement (8),
    - anschließendes Schneiden des weniger dicht gepackten Bodenmaterials, das sich vor dem jeweiligen Schneidelement (8) befindet.
  9. Verfahren nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, wobei das Schneidelement (8) eine Schneidfläche in dem Paket (34) Bodenmaterial erzeugt, wobei mindestens die Poren an der Schneidfläche und/oder jene, die an die Schneidfläche angrenzen, einer von dem Schneidelement verursachten Abnahme des Porendrucks und einer von dem Strahlwasser (30) verursachen Druckzunahme ausgesetzt sind.
  10. Verfahren nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, wobei der Förderdruck des Wasserstrahls (30) zwischen 2 und 5 bar über statischem Druck liegt.
  11. Verfahren nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, wobei mindestens ein sekundärer Wasserstrahl (28, 31, 32) zum Verdünnen des geschnittenen Bodenmaterials erzeugt wird, was den Fluss des Materials auf das Saugmittel zu ermöglicht.
  12. Ausbaggereinrichtung zum Ausführen des Verfahrens nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, umfassend ein Ausbaggerfahrzeug, das mit einer Rohrleitung versehen ist, die an einem Ende mit dem Fahrzeug verbunden ist und an dem anderen Ende einen Schleppkopf (1, 2), Pumpenmittel zum Erzeugen eines Wasserflusses durch die Rohrleitung von dem Schleppkopf (1, 2) auf das Fahrzeug zu sowie eine Leitung (28) zum Zuleiten eines Wasserflusses auf den Schleppkopf (1, 2) zu trägt, wobei der Schleppkopf (1, 2) Schneidmittel (8) zum Schneiden des Bodens (29) eines Gewässers und Strahlmittel (36), die mit der Leitung verbunden sind, um den Gewässerboden mindestens einem Wasserstrahl (30) auszusetzen, umfasst, wobei die Strahlmittel zum Einführen eines Wasserflusses in die Poren zwischen den Partikeln (33) des Bodenmaterials ausgeführt sind, wodurch sie die Druckabnahme in den Poren, die durch die Schneidtätigkeit der Schneidmittel (8) verursacht wird, zumindest teilweise eliminieren, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sich die Strahlmittel an dem Schneidelement befinden.
  13. Schleppkopf für eine Ausbaggereinrichtung nach Anspruch 12, umfassend Schneidmittel (8) zum Schneiden des Bodens (29) eines Gewässers und Strahlmittel (36), die mit einer Leitung (26) verbunden sind, der druckbeaufschlagtes Wasser zugeführt wird, um den Gewässerboden mindestens einem Wasserstrahl (30) auszusetzen, wobei die Strahlmittel zum Einführen eines Wasserflusses in die Poren zwischen den Partikeln (33) des Bodenmaterials ausgeführt sind, wodurch sie die Druckabnahme in den Poren, die durch die Schneidtätigkeit der Schneidmittel (8) verursacht wird, zumindest teilweise eliminieren, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sich die Strahlmittel an dem Schneidelement befinden.
EP04077955A 2004-10-26 2004-10-26 Unterwasser-Saugbagger-Verfahren und Vorrichtung dafür Active EP1653010B1 (de)

Priority Applications (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT04077955T ATE452249T1 (de) 2004-10-26 2004-10-26 Unterwasser-saugbagger-verfahren und vorrichtung dafür
EP04077955A EP1653010B1 (de) 2004-10-26 2004-10-26 Unterwasser-Saugbagger-Verfahren und Vorrichtung dafür
PT04077955T PT1653010E (pt) 2004-10-26 2004-10-26 Método para realizar uma operação de dragagem submarina e instalação de dragagem
DE602004024685T DE602004024685D1 (de) 2004-10-26 2004-10-26 Unterwasser-Saugbagger-Verfahren und Vorrichtung dafür
CN200410095142.7A CN1766241B (zh) 2004-10-26 2004-10-26 实施水下挖泥作业的方法和挖泥设备
ES04077955T ES2337897T3 (es) 2004-10-26 2004-10-26 Metodo para realizar una operacion de dragado submarino e instalacion de dragado.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP04077955A EP1653010B1 (de) 2004-10-26 2004-10-26 Unterwasser-Saugbagger-Verfahren und Vorrichtung dafür
CN200410095142.7A CN1766241B (zh) 2004-10-26 2004-10-26 实施水下挖泥作业的方法和挖泥设备

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1653010A1 EP1653010A1 (de) 2006-05-03
EP1653010B1 true EP1653010B1 (de) 2009-12-16

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ID=37770994

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EP04077955A Active EP1653010B1 (de) 2004-10-26 2004-10-26 Unterwasser-Saugbagger-Verfahren und Vorrichtung dafür

Country Status (6)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1653010B1 (de)
CN (1) CN1766241B (de)
AT (1) ATE452249T1 (de)
DE (1) DE602004024685D1 (de)
ES (1) ES2337897T3 (de)
PT (1) PT1653010E (de)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2013175366A1 (en) 2012-05-21 2013-11-28 Baggerwerken Decloedt En Zoon Suction head for a dredging vessel and method for dredging using this suction head

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE1018378A3 (nl) * 2008-12-12 2010-09-07 Dredging Int Sleepkop voor een sleephopperzuiger en werkwijze voor het baggeren met behulp van deze sleepkop.
BE1020372A5 (nl) * 2012-01-16 2013-08-06 Baggerwerken Decloedt En Zoon Zuigkop voor een baggerschip en werkwijze voor het baggeren met behulp van zuigkop.
CN106193157B (zh) * 2016-08-31 2018-08-28 中交烟台环保疏浚有限公司 耙吸挖泥船用耙头
NL2018070B1 (nl) * 2016-12-23 2018-07-02 Carpdredging Ip B V Baggerwerktuig
ES2684359B1 (es) 2017-03-31 2019-07-09 Nodosa S L Equipo sumergido de dragado autonomo
CN109208675B (zh) * 2018-09-11 2024-02-13 中交广州航道局有限公司 挖泥船及其耙头结构
CN109629622B (zh) * 2019-01-10 2023-12-08 中交上海航道局有限公司 一种耙吸式挖泥船耙头

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL158875B (nl) * 1973-06-04 1978-12-15 Stichting Speurwerk Baggertech Werkwijze en inrichting voor het baggeren.
NL7709227A (en) * 1977-08-19 1979-02-21 Stichting Speurwerk Baggertech Floating suction dredger unit - delivers auxiliary water supply to different points on cutter blade
BE1011285A3 (nl) * 1997-07-17 1999-07-06 Dredging Int Sleepkop voor een sleephopperzuiger en werkwijze voor het baggeren met behulp van deze sleepkop.
BE1011744A4 (nl) * 1998-02-13 1999-12-07 Dredging Int Werkwijze voor het doorheen grond-en rotslagen werken met bagger-of graafwerktuigen en volgens deze werkwijze werkende inrichtingen.
NL1008503C2 (nl) * 1998-03-05 1999-09-07 Dredging Int Inrichting voor het verplaatsen van bodemmateriaal onder water alsmede werkwijze hiervoor.
CN2474596Y (zh) * 2001-05-08 2002-01-30 宋建农 耙吸式挖泥船新型耙齿

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2013175366A1 (en) 2012-05-21 2013-11-28 Baggerwerken Decloedt En Zoon Suction head for a dredging vessel and method for dredging using this suction head

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN1766241B (zh) 2011-09-14
EP1653010A1 (de) 2006-05-03
ES2337897T3 (es) 2010-04-30
DE602004024685D1 (de) 2010-01-28
CN1766241A (zh) 2006-05-03
ATE452249T1 (de) 2010-01-15
PT1653010E (pt) 2010-03-22

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