EP1651906B2 - Lamp comprising at least two light sources - Google Patents

Lamp comprising at least two light sources Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1651906B2
EP1651906B2 EP04737405A EP04737405A EP1651906B2 EP 1651906 B2 EP1651906 B2 EP 1651906B2 EP 04737405 A EP04737405 A EP 04737405A EP 04737405 A EP04737405 A EP 04737405A EP 1651906 B2 EP1651906 B2 EP 1651906B2
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Prior art keywords
light source
light
lamp
sources
supplementary
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1651906B1 (en
EP1651906A1 (en
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Christian Bartenbach
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B45/00—Circuit arrangements for operating light-emitting diodes [LED]
    • H05B45/20—Controlling the colour of the light
    • H05B45/24—Controlling the colour of the light using electrical feedback from LEDs or from LED modules
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B45/00—Circuit arrangements for operating light-emitting diodes [LED]
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO THE FORM OR THE KIND OF THE LIGHT SOURCES OR OF THE COLOUR OF THE LIGHT EMITTED
    • F21Y2113/00—Combination of light sources
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO THE FORM OR THE KIND OF THE LIGHT SOURCES OR OF THE COLOUR OF THE LIGHT EMITTED
    • F21Y2115/00—Light-generating elements of semiconductor light sources
    • F21Y2115/10—Light-emitting diodes [LED]

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a luminaire, in particular for lighting in closed rooms and / or for illuminating objects, having at least two light sources, wherein the light which can be emitted by the light sources has different wavelength ranges.
  • the most similar color temperature of an electromagnetic spectrum is given in Kelvin and is a quantity that denotes a particular light color.
  • the most similar color temperature of a spectrum e.g., a light source
  • the mathematical determination of the most similar color temperature of a light source with known spectral distribution is carried out according to DIN 5033 "Color measurement” with DIN 5031-5 "Radiation physics in the optical domain and lighting technology temperature terms”.
  • the most similar color temperature describes whether more long-wave or more short-wave light components are present in the spectrum of a light source.
  • the color rendering index of a light source with known spectral distribution is determined purely mathematically according to DIN 6169 "Color Rendering". These numerical values provide information on the reproduction of the colors of objects which are illuminated with the type of light to be evaluated. Thus, for example, specify whether a surface that appears red in daylight under artificial light irradiation causes the same or a different color impression in the viewer.
  • the theoretical maximum value for the color rendering index is 100. The lower the color rendering index for a particular color, the poorer the color rendering property of the light source for that color.
  • the DE 296 20 583 discloses an interior light according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Object of the present invention is therefore to improve a generic lamp in such a way that both the "most similar color temperature” and the “color rendering index” for the respective lighting task of the lamp can be improved in the simplest and most energy efficient manner.
  • the invention it is thus provided to specifically correct specific deficits in the light spectrum emitted by a main light source by adding color components to the emitted light by means of one or more supplementary light sources in specific light wave ranges. It has surprisingly been found here that it is sufficient if the supplementary light source (s) has a significantly lower luminous flux than the main light source. In this case, both the color rendering index and the most similar color temperature (ie the light environment) can be influenced in a targeted manner.
  • the term luminous flux is used in accordance with DIN5031 "Radiation physics in the optical domain and lighting technology". It describes the electromagnetic radiation power evaluated with the spectral brightness sensitivity of the eye.
  • Some types of light sources especially those with high light output, such as low pressure or high pressure gas discharge lamps, have more or less unfavorable color rendering qualities for colored surfaces.
  • a correction of the mixed spectrum can be achieved in such a way that a spectrum as level as possible for optimal neutral color reproduction of all possible surface colors is achieved.
  • a "tilting" of the light spectrum in the direction of warmer light with larger red components (corresponding to a lower most similar color temperature) or towards colder light with larger blue components (corresponding to a higher most similar color temperature) can be achieved.
  • the main light source and / or the supplementary light source (s), preferably individually, is dimmable, as this makes it easy to adapt the spectral composition of the light emitted by the light to the respective lighting task possible on site.
  • the luminous flux which can be emitted by the main light source is at least 10 times, preferably at least 20 times, as large as the total luminous flux which can be emitted by the or all supplementary light source (s).
  • an extremely small proportion of light of the complementary light sources is sufficient to clearly supplement the light emitted overall by the light. Since many main light sources have deficits, especially at the edges of the visible wavelength spectrum of the light, it is often favorable for the supplementary light source to emit light in a wavelength range which lies at the edge of the wavelength range which can be emitted by the main light source.
  • the light which can be emitted by the supplementary light source has a wavelength range between 550 and 780 nm, preferably between 600 and 700 nm. If the most similar color temperature and thus the light spectrum is to be "tilted" into the blue area or if deficits in the main light source are to be improved in this area, then it is favorable if the light which can be emitted by the supplementary light source (s) has a wavelength range between 420 and 520 nm, preferably between 420 and 480 nm. However, not only at the edge of the spectrum of the main light source can be improved by the measures described, but generally in all areas in which the main light source radiates with a reduced intensity.
  • the spectral power density P is plotted against the wavelength of the emitted light ⁇ .
  • the wavelength is given here in nanometers [nm], while for P a purely qualitative, not necessarily true to scale representation is selected.
  • the arrow on the P axis points in the direction of increase of P.
  • Fig. 1 is a high maxima as well as very small minima exhibiting spectrum 8 a main light source shown schematically.
  • This has a poor color rendering index, since in some light wavelength ranges 9 light components are only to a very limited extent or almost nonexistent. If, for example, a red object is illuminated with such a main light source 1, then the color rendering is very poor, since these long-wave light components are present only very weakly.
  • the illuminated object appears under illumination of such a light source in a different color than in daylight.
  • a spectrum with very good color rendering properties for all colors is shown schematically by the curve 13.
  • Fig. 2 shows three different curves of light spectra with a different "most similar color temperature".
  • the spectrum 10 corresponds to a similar color temperature of 3000 Kelvin, the spectrum 11 of 5500 Kelvin and the spectrum 12 of 10,000 Kelvin.
  • This schematic representation shows that the slope of the curves is a qualitative criterion for the most similar color temperature present in the spectrum.
  • the spectrum 12 has a higher shortwave and thus blue component, while the spectrum 10 has a greater longwave or red component. In spectrum 11, all wavelength ranges are approximately equally represented.
  • Fig. 3a to 3c show the spectrum 8 of a high pressure mercury metal halide lamp in phantom. This has a significant deficit in the long-wave red area.
  • the light of the supplementary light source 2 has a light wavelength range between 580 and 700 nm. In sum, this results in the total spectrum of 15.
  • a supplementary light source 2 in the example shown in FIG Fig. 3a a red LED with a share of 5-10 percent of the total luminous flux of the luminaire used.
  • Fig. 3b Dashed line shows the spectrum 8 of a low-pressure mercury metal halide lamp (eg a fluorescent tube).
  • This spectrum 8 points in the short-wave Range below 540 nm and in the long-wave range above 620 nm significant deficits.
  • two complementary light sources 2 are provided, which together provide the supplementary light components 14, so that an overall spectrum 15 results with clearly improved color rendering properties both in the blue and in the red region.
  • complementary light sources 2 at least one cyan light emitting diode and a red light emitting diode. The cyan as well as the red LEDs each account for 5-10 percent of the total luminous flux of the luminaire.
  • Fig. 3c shows how the light of a so-called RGB (red-green-blue) light source can be improved in its color rendering properties.
  • RGB red-green-blue
  • the spectral view shows that the spectrum of the RGB light source 8 has clear "holes" in the range between 450 and 520 nm and between 550 and 600 nm.
  • to improve this spectrum 8 is provided to provide additional light sources 2 in the form of cyan and amber (orange) light-emitting diodes with luminous flux shares of 10 to 20 percent.
  • the overall spectrum 15 produced in this way again has significantly improved color rendering properties and an average similar color temperature.
  • Fig. 4a to 5b show schematically some selected variants.
  • the main light source is assigned a separate reflector body 4.
  • the supplementary light sources 2 are arranged around this reflector body 4 around.
  • Fig. 4b are the complementary light sources 2 arranged slightly withdrawn.
  • light guides 5 are provided for transmitting light into the region of the light exit opening 6 or 6 '.
  • the light guides 5 may be made of acrylic, for example. They make it possible to arrange the complementary light sources 2 at almost any location, which on the one hand creates constructive freedom and on the other hand can be used to keep outgoing from the main light source thermal load of the complementary light sources 2 as low as possible.
  • Fig. 4c shows a variant in which the supplementary light source 2 are arranged in recesses of the reflector body 4.
  • Fig. 4d shows an embodiment in which the main light source 1 and the complementary light sources 2 are located in a common reflector body 4. This is conveniently equipped with highly reflective surfaces, as is known in the art, to improve the light mixture. As indicated only schematically here, a desired blanking can be ensured by means of apertures 7.
  • the supplementary light sources 2 are semiconductor light sources, preferably light-emitting diodes.
  • the main light sources 1 include, inter alia, both high-pressure discharge lamps and low-pressure discharge lamps.
  • the main light source is a mercury metal halide lamp or a sodium metal halide lamp or a halogen lamp or other RGB lamp. Both the main light source 1 and preferably all complementary light sources 2 are conveniently arranged in a common lamp body.
  • Fig. 4e shows a variant in which the main light source 1 is formed by a plurality of white light emitting diodes (LED's). For color enhancement, cyan and red LEDs are embedded as complementary light sources 2 in this array. Overall, this results in turn the ratio of the radiated luminous flux according to the invention.
  • LED's white light emitting diodes
  • the Fig. 5a and 5b show a further embodiment in which analogous to Fig. 4a the supplementary light sources 2 are arranged at the edge of the main light source 1.
  • the main light source 1 a high-pressure metal halide lamp with high power is used, the light of which is spectrally enhanced with the red and cyan LEDs 2 used as complementary light sources 2.
  • the supplemental light sources 2 are thermally insulated from it.
  • the thermal insulation 3 is constructed in the embodiment shown in the form of a multilayer winding of at least two different, alternately arranged materials or films. One of the materials used for this winding is conveniently a polytetrafluoroethylene film.
  • the thermal insulation 3 extends substantially as shown in section in FIG Fig. 5b can be seen over the entire area where the main light source develops high temperatures. Through the in Fig. 5a shown slight tilting of the cyan LEDs, the spatial light mixture is improved.
  • the diameter 16 of the light exit openings 6 of the embodiment shown is 25 cm, the overall diameter 17 about 37 cm. Both the main light source 1 and the supplementary light sources 2 are preferably individually dimmable, so that the spectral composition of the total emitted light can be easily adapted to the respective lighting task.

Abstract

The invention relates to a lamp, in particular for illumination in enclosed spaces and/or for the illumination of objects, comprising at least two light sources (1, 2). According to the invention: the light that can be emitted by the light sources (1, 2) has differing wavelength ranges; one of the light sources (1, 2) is a primary light source (1) with a wider wavelength range and at least one of the light sources is a supplementary light source (2) with a narrower wavelength range; and the luminous flux that can be emitted by the primary light source (1) is at least twice and preferably five times as intense as the total luminous flux emitted by the supplementary or all supplementary light source(s) (2).

Description

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft eine Leuchte, insbesondere zur Beleuchtung in geschlossenen Räumen und/oder zur Beleuchtung von Gegenständen, mit mindestens zwei Lichtquellen, wobei das von den Lichtquellen abstrahlbare Licht unterschiedliche Wellenlängenbereiche aufweist.The present invention relates to a luminaire, in particular for lighting in closed rooms and / or for illuminating objects, having at least two light sources, wherein the light which can be emitted by the light sources has different wavelength ranges.

Beim Stand der Technik ist es bekannt, verschiedenfarbige Lichtquellen in einer Leuchte vorzusehen, um die von den verschiedenen Lichtquellen abgestrahlten Wellenlängenbereiche positiv zu überlagern. Zur Beschreibung der Qualität, der von einer Leuchte abgestrahlten spektralen Lichtzusammensetzung werden häufig die sogenannte "ähnlichste Farbtemperatur" und der sogenannte "Farbwiedergabeindex" herangezogen.In the prior art, it is known to provide different colored light sources in a luminaire in order to superimpose positively on the wavelength ranges emitted by the different light sources. To describe the quality of the light emitted by a luminaire spectral light composition, the so-called "closest color temperature" and the so-called "color rendering index" are often used.

Die ähnlichste Farbtemperatur eines elektromagnetischen Spektrums wird in Kelvin angegeben und ist eine Größe, die eine bestimmte Lichtfarbe bezeichnet. Vereinfacht ausgedrückt ist die ähnlichste Farbtemperatur eines Spektrums (z.B. einer Lichtquelle) diejenige Temperatur, die jener Planckscher Strahler besitzt, dessen Lichtfarbe erfindungsgemäß der zu kennzeichnenden Lichtfarbe des zu bewertenden Spektrums am nächsten kommt. Die rechnerische Ermittlung der ähnlichsten Farbtemperatur einer Lichtquelle mit bekannter spektraler Verteilung erfolgt nach DIN 5033 "Farbmessung" mit DIN 5031-5 "Strahlungsphysik im optischen Bereich und Lichttechnik-Temperaturbegriffe". Qualitativ beschreibt die ähnlichste Farbtemperatur, ob im Spektrum einer Lichtquelle mehr langwellige oder mehr kurzwellige Lichtanteile vorhanden sind.The most similar color temperature of an electromagnetic spectrum is given in Kelvin and is a quantity that denotes a particular light color. Simply put, the most similar color temperature of a spectrum (e.g., a light source) is that temperature possessed by that Planckian radiator whose light color is closest to the light color of the spectrum to be evaluated in accordance with the invention. The mathematical determination of the most similar color temperature of a light source with known spectral distribution is carried out according to DIN 5033 "Color measurement" with DIN 5031-5 "Radiation physics in the optical domain and lighting technology temperature terms". Qualitatively, the most similar color temperature describes whether more long-wave or more short-wave light components are present in the spectrum of a light source.

Der Farbwiedergabeindex einer Lichtquelle mit bekannter spektraler Verteilung wird rein rechnerisch nach der DIN 6169 "Farbwiedergabe" ermittelt. Diese Zahlenwerte geben Aufschluss über die Wiedergabe der Farben von Objekten, welche mit der zu bewertenden Lichtart beleuchtet werden. So lässt sich z.B. angeben, ob eine bei Tageslicht rot erscheinende Oberfläche unter Kunstlichtbestrahlung den gleichen oder einen anderen Farbeindruck beim Betrachter hervorruft. Der theoretische Maximalwert für den Farbwiedergabeindex beträgt 100. Je niederer der Farbwiedergabeindex für eine bestimmte Farbe ist, desto schlechter ist die Farbwiedergabeeigenschaft der Lichtquelle für diese Farbe.The color rendering index of a light source with known spectral distribution is determined purely mathematically according to DIN 6169 "Color Rendering". These numerical values provide information on the reproduction of the colors of objects which are illuminated with the type of light to be evaluated. Thus, for example, specify whether a surface that appears red in daylight under artificial light irradiation causes the same or a different color impression in the viewer. The theoretical maximum value for the color rendering index is 100. The lower the color rendering index for a particular color, the poorer the color rendering property of the light source for that color.

Nahezu alle beim Stand der Technik bekannten Lichtquellen weisen Defizite bezüglich der Farbwiedergabe in bestimmten spektralen Bereichen auf. Darüber hinaus kommt es oft vor, dass eine Lichtquelle zwar die nötige Lichtintensität zur Beleuchtung aufweist, die ähnlichste Farbtemperatur für die Beleuchtungsaufgabenstellung jedoch ungeeignet ist.Almost all light sources known in the prior art have deficiencies in color rendering in certain spectral regions. In addition, it often happens that a light source has the necessary light intensity for lighting, but the most similar color temperature is unsuitable for the lighting task.

Die DE 296 20 583 offenbart eine Innenraumleuchte nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1.The DE 296 20 583 discloses an interior light according to the preamble of claim 1.

Um die Lichtqualität von Lampen zu verbessern oder zu verändern, ist es beim Stand der Technik darüber hinaus bekannt, bestimmte Farbfilter zu verwenden. Dies hat jedoch den Nachteil, dass die Lichtfilterung immer mit Licht- und Energievernichtung verbunden ist und dass die Art des Filters meist fix festgelegt und somit nicht variabel einstellbar ist. Überhaupt nicht möglich ist eine Beeinflussung eines Spektrums in den Bereichen, in denen ein spektraler Anteil praktisch fehlt, da durch die Filterung immer nur etwas aus dem Spektrum herausgenommen, aber nichts hinzugefügt werden kann.In order to improve or change the quality of light of lamps, it is also known in the prior art to use certain color filters. However, this has the disadvantage that the light filtering is always associated with light and energy destruction and that the type of filter usually fix fixed and thus is not variably adjustable. It is not at all possible to influence a spectrum in the areas in which a spectral component is virtually absent, since the filtering always takes only something out of the spectrum, but nothing can be added.

Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es daher, eine gattungsgemäße Leuchte in der Weise zu verbessern, dass auf eine möglichst einfache und energieeffiziente Weise sowohl die "ähnlichste Farbtemperatur" als auch der "Farbwiedergabeindex" für die jeweilige Beleuchtungsaufgabe der Leuchte verbessert werden kann.Object of the present invention is therefore to improve a generic lamp in such a way that both the "most similar color temperature" and the "color rendering index" for the respective lighting task of the lamp can be improved in the simplest and most energy efficient manner.

Dies wird erfindungsgemäß erreicht, durch den Gegenstand des Anspruchs 1.This is achieved according to the invention by the subject matter of claim 1.

Erfindungsgemäß ist somit vorgesehen, bestimmte Defizite in dem von einer Hauptlichtquelle abgestrahlten Lichtspektrum gezielt nachzubessern, indem mittels einer oder mehrerer ergänzender Lichtquellen in bestimmten Lichtwellenbereichen Farbanteile zum abgestrahlten Licht hinzugefügt werden. Überraschenderweise wurde hierbei festgestellt, dass es ausreicht, wenn die ergänzende(n) Lichtquelle(n) einen deutlich geringeren Lichtstrom als die Hauptlichtquelle aufweist. Hierbei kann sowohl der Farbwiedergabeindex als auch die ähnlichste Farbtemperatur (also das Lichtmilieu) gezielt beeinflusst werden. Der Begriff Lichtstrom wird gemäß der DIN5031 "Strahlungsphysik im optischen Bereich und Lichttechnik" verwendet. Er beschreibt die mit der spektralen Helligkeitsempfindlichkeit des Auges bewertete elektromagnetische Strahlungsleistung.According to the invention, it is thus provided to specifically correct specific deficits in the light spectrum emitted by a main light source by adding color components to the emitted light by means of one or more supplementary light sources in specific light wave ranges. It has surprisingly been found here that it is sufficient if the supplementary light source (s) has a significantly lower luminous flux than the main light source. In this case, both the color rendering index and the most similar color temperature (ie the light environment) can be influenced in a targeted manner. The term luminous flux is used in accordance with DIN5031 "Radiation physics in the optical domain and lighting technology". It describes the electromagnetic radiation power evaluated with the spectral brightness sensitivity of the eye.

Einige Arten von Lichtquellen, insbesondere jene mit hoher Lichtausbeute, wie z.B. Niederdruck- oder Hochdruckgasentladungslampen, weisen mehr oder weniger ungünstige Farbwiedergabequalitäten für farbige Oberflächen auf. Besonders ungünstig stellt sich bei fast allen diesen Lichtquellen die Farbwiedergabequalität bei der Darstellung von Rottönen dar. Durch die erfindungsgemäße Maßnahme kann eine Korrektur des Mischspektrums derart erzielt werden, dass ein möglichst ebenes Spektrums zur optimalen neutralen Farbwiedergabe aller möglichen Oberflächenfarben erreicht wird. Andererseits ist es aber auch möglich, ausgewählte Oberflächenfarben gezielt zu betonen. So kann z.B. eine blaue Fläche durch ein Mischspektrum mit verstärktem Blauanteil betont werden. Durch gezieltes Zumischen kann auch ein "Kippen" des Leuchtenspektrums in Richtung hin zu wärmerem Licht mit größeren Rotanteilen (entspricht einer niedrigeren ähnlichsten Farbtemperatur) oder in Richtung zu kälterem Licht mit größeren Blauanteilen (entspricht einer höheren ähnlichsten Farbtemperatur) erzielt werden. Besonders günstig ist es hierbei, wenn die Hauptlichtquelle und/oder die ergänzende(n) Lichtquelle(n), vorzugsweise einzeln, dimmbar ist (sind), da hierdurch eine Anpassung der spektralen Zusammensetzung des von der Leuchte abgegebenen Lichtes an die jeweilige Beleuchtungsaufgabe einfach und vor Ort möglich ist.Some types of light sources, especially those with high light output, such as low pressure or high pressure gas discharge lamps, have more or less unfavorable color rendering qualities for colored surfaces. With the measure according to the invention, a correction of the mixed spectrum can be achieved in such a way that a spectrum as level as possible for optimal neutral color reproduction of all possible surface colors is achieved. On the other hand, it is also possible to specifically emphasize selected surface colors. For example, a blue surface may be accentuated by a mixed spectrum with a stronger blue component become. By deliberately mixing in addition, a "tilting" of the light spectrum in the direction of warmer light with larger red components (corresponding to a lower most similar color temperature) or towards colder light with larger blue components (corresponding to a higher most similar color temperature) can be achieved. It is particularly advantageous in this case if the main light source and / or the supplementary light source (s), preferably individually, is dimmable, as this makes it easy to adapt the spectral composition of the light emitted by the light to the respective lighting task possible on site.

In bevorzugten, besonders energieeffizienten Ausführungsvarianten kann sogar vorgesehen sein, dass der von der Hauptlichtquelle abstrahlbare Lichtstrom mindestens 10-mal, vorzugsweise mindestens 20-mal, so groß ist, wie der von der bzw. allen ergänzenden Lichtquelle(n) insgesamt abstrahlbare Lichtstrom. In diesen Ausführungsvarianten reicht somit schon ein außerordentlich geringer Lichtanteil der ergänzenden Lichtquellen aus, um das insgesamt von der Leuchte abgegebene Licht deutlich aufzubessern. Da viele Hauptlichtquellen besonders an den Rändern des sichtbaren Wellenlängensprektrums des Lichtes Defizite aufweisen, ist es häufig günstig, dass die ergänzende Lichtquelle Licht in einem Wellenlängenbereich abstrahlen kann, welcher am Rand des von der Hauptlichtquelle abstrahlbaren Wellenlängenbereiches liegt. Soll die Farbwiedergabe im roten, langwelligen Bereich verbessert werden, so ist es günstig, wenn das von der ergänzenden Lichtquelle abstrahlbare Licht einen Wellenlängenbereich zwischen 550 und 780 nm, vorzugsweise zwischen 600 und 700 nm, aufweist. Soll die ähnlichste Farbtemperatur und damit das Lichtspektrum mehr in den blauen Bereich "gekippt" werden oder sollen in diesem Bereich Defizite in der Hauptlichtquelle aufgebessert werden, so ist es günstig, wenn das von der (den) ergänzenden Lichtquelle(n) abstrahlbare Licht einen Wellenlängenbereich zwischen 420 und 520 nm, vorzugsweise zwischen 420 und 480 nm, aufweist. Durch die beschriebenen Maßnahmen kann aber nicht nur am Rand des Spektrums der Hauptlichtquelle nachgebessert werden, sondern generell in allen Bereichen, in denen die Hauptlichtquelle mit einer verminderten Intensität abstrahlt.In preferred, particularly energy-efficient embodiment variants, it can even be provided that the luminous flux which can be emitted by the main light source is at least 10 times, preferably at least 20 times, as large as the total luminous flux which can be emitted by the or all supplementary light source (s). In these embodiments, therefore, an extremely small proportion of light of the complementary light sources is sufficient to clearly supplement the light emitted overall by the light. Since many main light sources have deficits, especially at the edges of the visible wavelength spectrum of the light, it is often favorable for the supplementary light source to emit light in a wavelength range which lies at the edge of the wavelength range which can be emitted by the main light source. If the color reproduction in the red, long-wave range is to be improved, then it is favorable if the light which can be emitted by the supplementary light source has a wavelength range between 550 and 780 nm, preferably between 600 and 700 nm. If the most similar color temperature and thus the light spectrum is to be "tilted" into the blue area or if deficits in the main light source are to be improved in this area, then it is favorable if the light which can be emitted by the supplementary light source (s) has a wavelength range between 420 and 520 nm, preferably between 420 and 480 nm. However, not only at the edge of the spectrum of the main light source can be improved by the measures described, but generally in all areas in which the main light source radiates with a reduced intensity.

Weitere Merkmale und Einzelheiten der vorliegenden Erfindung ergeben sich aus der nachfolgenden Figurenbeschreibung. Dabei zeigen:

Fig. 1 und 2
schematische Darstellungen zur qualitativen Veranschaulichung der Begriffe "ähnlichste Farbtemperatur" und "Farbwiedergabeindex",
Fig. 3 bis 3c
Spektren von verschiedenen erfindungsgemäßen Leuchten,
Fig. 4a bis 4e
schematische Darstellungen verschiedener erfindungsgemäßer Leuchtenkörper und
Fig. 5a und 5b
ein weiteres erfindungsgemäßes Ausführungsbeispiel in Frontalansicht und geschnittener Seitenansicht.
Further features and details of the present invention will become apparent from the following description of the figures. Showing:
Fig. 1 and 2
schematic representations for the qualitative illustration of the terms "most similar color temperature" and "color rendering index",
Fig. 3 to 3c
Spectra of different lights according to the invention,
Fig. 4a to 4e
schematic representations of various inventive lamp body and
Fig. 5a and 5b
a further embodiment of the invention in frontal view and sectional side view.

In den Fig. 1 bis 3c ist jeweils die spektrale Leistungsdichte P gegen die Wellenlänge des abgestrahlten Lichts λ aufgetragen. Die Wellenlänge wird hierbei in Nanometer [nm] angegeben, während für P eine rein qualitative, nicht zwingend maßstabgetreue Darstellung gewählt ist. Der Pfeil an der P-Achse weist in Richtung der Zunahme von P.In the Fig. 1 to 3c in each case the spectral power density P is plotted against the wavelength of the emitted light λ. The wavelength is given here in nanometers [nm], while for P a purely qualitative, not necessarily true to scale representation is selected. The arrow on the P axis points in the direction of increase of P.

In Fig. 1 ist ein hohe Maxima wie auch sehr geringe Minima aufweisendes Spektrum 8 einer Hauptlichtquelle schematisch dargestellt. Dieses hat einen schlechten Farbwiedergabeindex, da in einigen Lichtwellenlängenbereichen 9 Lichtanteile nur in sehr geringem Maße oder nahezu gar nicht vorhanden sind. Wird mit einer solchen Hauptlichtquelle 1 z.B. ein rotes Objekt beleuchtet, so ist die Farbwiedergabe sehr schlecht, da diese langwelligen Lichtanteile nur sehr schwach vorhanden sind. Das beleuchtete Objekt erscheint unter Beleuchtung einer solchen Lichtquelle in einer anderen Farbe als bei Tageslicht. Ein Spektrum mit sehr guten bzw. ausgeglichen Farbwiedergabeeigenschaften für alle Farben ist schematisch durch die Kurve 13 dargestellt.In Fig. 1 is a high maxima as well as very small minima exhibiting spectrum 8 a main light source shown schematically. This has a poor color rendering index, since in some light wavelength ranges 9 light components are only to a very limited extent or almost nonexistent. If, for example, a red object is illuminated with such a main light source 1, then the color rendering is very poor, since these long-wave light components are present only very weakly. The illuminated object appears under illumination of such a light source in a different color than in daylight. A spectrum with very good color rendering properties for all colors is shown schematically by the curve 13.

Fig. 2 zeigt drei verschiedene Kurven von Lichtspektren mit einer unterschiedlichen "ähnlichsten Farbtemperatur". Das Spektrum 10 entspricht einer ähnlichsten Farbtemperatur von 3000 Kelvin, das Spektrum 11 von 5500 Kelvin und das Spektrum 12 von 10.000 Kelvin. Diese schematische Darstellung zeigt, dass die Neigung der Kurven ein qualitatives Kriterium für die im Spektrum vorhandene ähnlichste Farbtemperatur ist. Das Spektrum 12 hat einen höheren kurzwelligen und damit blauen Anteil, während das Spektrum 10 einen größeren langwelligen bzw. roten Anteil hat. Im Spektrum 11 sind alle Wellenlängenbereiche ungefähr gleich stark vertreten. Fig. 2 shows three different curves of light spectra with a different "most similar color temperature". The spectrum 10 corresponds to a similar color temperature of 3000 Kelvin, the spectrum 11 of 5500 Kelvin and the spectrum 12 of 10,000 Kelvin. This schematic representation shows that the slope of the curves is a qualitative criterion for the most similar color temperature present in the spectrum. The spectrum 12 has a higher shortwave and thus blue component, while the spectrum 10 has a greater longwave or red component. In spectrum 11, all wavelength ranges are approximately equally represented.

Gemäß der Erfindung ist es nun möglich, das Spektrum 8 von verschiedenen Hauptlichtquellen 1 gezielt zu verbessern, um zum einen Löcher 9 aufzufüllen und zum anderen eine gewünschte ähnlichste Farbtemperatur zumindest näherungsweise einzustellen. Erfindungsgemäße Beispiele hierzu sind in den Fig. 3a bis 3c gezeigt. In Fig. 3a ist das Spektrum 8 einer Hochdruck-Quecksilbermetalldampflampe gestrichelt dargestellt. Dieses weist im langwelligen roten Bereich ein deutliches Defizit auf. Zur Aufbesserung der spektralen Zusammensetzung des Lichtes dieser Hauptlichtquelle 1 weist das Licht der ergänzenden Lichtquelle 2 einen Lichtwellenlängenbereich zwischen 580 und 700 nm auf. In Summe ergibt sich hieraus das Gesamtspektrum 15. Als ergänzende Lichtquelle 2 wird im gezeigten Beispiel gemäß Fig. 3a eine rote LED mit einem Anteil von 5-10 Prozent am Gesamtlichtstrom der Leuchte verwendet.According to the invention, it is now possible to specifically improve the spectrum 8 of different main light sources 1 in order to fill up holes 9 and to set at least approximately a desired, most similar color temperature. Inventive examples of this are in the Fig. 3a to 3c shown. In Fig. 3a the spectrum 8 of a high pressure mercury metal halide lamp is shown in phantom. This has a significant deficit in the long-wave red area. In order to improve the spectral composition of the light of this main light source 1, the light of the supplementary light source 2 has a light wavelength range between 580 and 700 nm. In sum, this results in the total spectrum of 15. As a supplementary light source 2 in the example shown in FIG Fig. 3a a red LED with a share of 5-10 percent of the total luminous flux of the luminaire used.

Fig. 3b zeigt gestrichelt das Spektrum 8 einer Niederdruck-Quecksilbermetalldampflampe (z.B. einer Leuchtstoffröhre). Dieses Spektrum 8 weist im kurzwelligen Bereich unterhalb 540 nm und im langwelligen Bereich oberhalb von 620 nm deutliche Defizite auf. Um dieses Spektrum erfindungsgemäß aufzubessern, sind zwei ergänzende Lichtquellen 2 vorgesehen, welche gemeinsam die ergänzenden Lichtanteile 14 zur Verfügung stellen, sodass sich ein Gesamtspektrum 15 mit deutlich verbesserten Farbwiedergabeeigenschaften sowohl im blauen als auch im roten Bereich ergibt. Im gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiel nach Fig. 3b sind als ergänzende Lichtquellen 2 zumindest eine cyanfarbene leuchtemittierende Diode und eine rotlichtemittierende Diode gewählt. Die cyanfarbene wie auch die rote LED haben jeweils einen Anteil von 5-10 Prozent am Gesamtlichtstrom der Leuchte. Fig. 3b Dashed line shows the spectrum 8 of a low-pressure mercury metal halide lamp (eg a fluorescent tube). This spectrum 8 points in the short-wave Range below 540 nm and in the long-wave range above 620 nm significant deficits. In order to supplement this spectrum according to the invention, two complementary light sources 2 are provided, which together provide the supplementary light components 14, so that an overall spectrum 15 results with clearly improved color rendering properties both in the blue and in the red region. In the illustrated embodiment according to Fig. 3b are selected as complementary light sources 2 at least one cyan light emitting diode and a red light emitting diode. The cyan as well as the red LEDs each account for 5-10 percent of the total luminous flux of the luminaire.

Fig. 3c zeigt, wie das Licht einer sogenannten RGB (rot-grün-blau) Lichtquelle in seinen Farbwiedergabeeigenschaften verbessert werden kann. Obwohl das Licht dieser Hauptlichtquelle bereits aus dem Licht verschiedener einzelner Lichtquellen zusammengemischt ist, zeigt sich bei der spektralen Betrachtung doch, dass das Spektrum der RGB-Lichtquelle 8 deutliche "Löcher" im Bereich zwischen 450 und 520 nm und zwischen 550 und 600 nm aufweist. Im gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiel ist zur Aufbesserung dieses Spektrums 8 vorgesehen, ergänzende Lichtquellen 2 in Form von cyanfarbigen und amberfarbigen (orangen) lichtemittierenden Dioden mit Lichtstromanteilen von jeweils 10 bis 20 Prozent vorzusehen. Das so erzeugte Gesamtspektrum 15 weist wiederum deutlich verbesserte Farbwiedergabeeigenschaften und eine mittlere ähnliche Farbtemperatur auf. Fig. 3c shows how the light of a so-called RGB (red-green-blue) light source can be improved in its color rendering properties. Although the light of this main light source is already mixed together from the light of different individual light sources, the spectral view shows that the spectrum of the RGB light source 8 has clear "holes" in the range between 450 and 520 nm and between 550 and 600 nm. In the illustrated embodiment, to improve this spectrum 8 is provided to provide additional light sources 2 in the form of cyan and amber (orange) light-emitting diodes with luminous flux shares of 10 to 20 percent. The overall spectrum 15 produced in this way again has significantly improved color rendering properties and an average similar color temperature.

Unter Verwendung des erfindungsgemäßen Prinzips können unterschiedlichste Leuchten konstruiert werden. Die Fig. 4a bis 5b zeigen schematisch einige ausgewählte Varianten. In den Ausführungsvarianten gemäß Fig. 4a und 4b ist der Hauptlichtquelle jeweils ein eigener Reflektorkörper 4 zugeordnet. Die ergänzenden Lichtquellen 2 sind um diesen Reflektorkörper 4 herum angeordnet. In Fig. 4b sind die ergänzenden Lichtquellen 2 etwas zurückgezogen angeordnet. Zur Lichtübertragung in den Bereich der Lichtaustrittsöffnung 6 bzw. 6' sind Lichtleiter 5 vorgesehen. Die Lichtleiter 5 können z.B. aus Acryl gefertigt sein. Sie ermöglichen es, die ergänzenden Lichtquellen 2 an nahezu beliebiger Stelle anzuordnen, was zum einen konstruktive Freiheiten schafft und zum anderen dazu verwendet werden kann, die von der Hauptlichtquelle ausgehende thermische Belastung der ergänzenden Lichtquellen 2 so gering wie möglich zu halten. Fig. 4c zeigt eine Variante, bei der die ergänzenden Lichtquelle 2 in Ausnehmungen des Reflektorkörpers 4 angeordnet sind. Fig. 4d zeigt ein Ausführungsbeispiel, bei der die Hauptlichtquelle 1 und die ergänzenden Lichtquellen 2 in einem gemeinsamen Reflektorkörper 4 liegen. Dieser ist günstigerweise mit hochreflektierenden Oberflächen, wie dies beim Stand der Technik bekannt ist, zur Verbesserung der Lichtmischung ausgestattet. Wie hier nur schematisch angedeutet, kann mittels Blenden 7 eine gewünschte Ausblendung sichergestellt werden. Bei allen bisher besprochenen Ausführungsvarianten ist vorzugsweise vorgesehen, dass die ergänzenden Lichtquellen 2 Halbleiterlichtquellen, vorzugsweise lichtemittierende Dioden, sind. Als Hauptlichtquellen 1 kommen u.a. sowohl Hochdruckentladungslampen als auch Niederdruckentladungslampen in Frage. Bevorzugte Varianten mit hoher Lichtabstrahlung sehen vor, dass die Hauptlichtquelle eine Quecksilbermetalldampflampe oder eine Natriummetalldampflampe oder eine Halogenlampe oder eine sonstige RGB-Lampe ist. Sowohl die Hauptlichtquelle 1 als auch vorzugsweise alle ergänzenden Lichtquellen 2 sind günstigerweise in einem gemeinsamen Leuchtenkörper angeordnet.Using the principle according to the invention, a wide variety of luminaires can be constructed. The Fig. 4a to 5b show schematically some selected variants. In the embodiments according to Fig. 4a and 4b the main light source is assigned a separate reflector body 4. The supplementary light sources 2 are arranged around this reflector body 4 around. In Fig. 4b are the complementary light sources 2 arranged slightly withdrawn. For transmitting light into the region of the light exit opening 6 or 6 ', light guides 5 are provided. The light guides 5 may be made of acrylic, for example. They make it possible to arrange the complementary light sources 2 at almost any location, which on the one hand creates constructive freedom and on the other hand can be used to keep outgoing from the main light source thermal load of the complementary light sources 2 as low as possible. Fig. 4c shows a variant in which the supplementary light source 2 are arranged in recesses of the reflector body 4. Fig. 4d shows an embodiment in which the main light source 1 and the complementary light sources 2 are located in a common reflector body 4. This is conveniently equipped with highly reflective surfaces, as is known in the art, to improve the light mixture. As indicated only schematically here, a desired blanking can be ensured by means of apertures 7. In all previously discussed embodiments, it is preferably provided that the supplementary light sources 2 are semiconductor light sources, preferably light-emitting diodes. The main light sources 1 include, inter alia, both high-pressure discharge lamps and low-pressure discharge lamps. Preferred variants with high light emission provide that the main light source is a mercury metal halide lamp or a sodium metal halide lamp or a halogen lamp or other RGB lamp. Both the main light source 1 and preferably all complementary light sources 2 are conveniently arranged in a common lamp body.

Fig. 4e zeigt eine Ausführungsvariante, bei der die Hauptlichtquelle 1 durch eine Vielzahl von weißen lichtemittierenden Dioden (LED's) gebildet wird. Zur Farbaufbesserung sind in dieses Array einzeln cyanfarbene und rote LED's als ergänzende Lichtquellen 2 eingebettet. Insgesamt ergibt sich dabei wiederum das erfindungsgemäße Verhältnis der abgestrahlten Lichtströme. Fig. 4e shows a variant in which the main light source 1 is formed by a plurality of white light emitting diodes (LED's). For color enhancement, cyan and red LEDs are embedded as complementary light sources 2 in this array. Overall, this results in turn the ratio of the radiated luminous flux according to the invention.

Die Fig. 5a und 5b zeigen ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel, bei dem analog zur Fig. 4a die ergänzenden Lichtquellen 2 randlich zur Hauptlichtquelle 1 angeordnet sind. Als Hauptlichtquelle 1 wird hierbei eine Hochdruck-Halogen-Metalldampflampe mit hoher Leistung verwendet, deren Licht spektral mit den als ergänzende Lichtquellen 2 verwendeten roten und cyanfarbigen Leuchtdioden 2 aufgebessert wird. Um die LED's 2 vor der durch die Hauptlichtquelle 1 erzeugten Wärmeentwicklung zu schützen, sind die ergänzenden Lichtquellen 2 von dieser thermisch isoliert. Die thermische Isolierung 3 ist im gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiel in Form einer mehrschichtigen Wicklung aus mindestens zwei unterschiedlichen, alternierend angeordneten Materialien bzw. Folien aufgebaut. Eines der für diese Wicklung verwendeten Materialien ist günstigerweise eine Polytetrafluorethylenfolie. Die thermische Isolierung 3 erstreckt sich im Wesentlichen, wie dies im Schnitt in Fig. 5b zu sehen ist, über den gesamten Bereich, in dem die Hauptlichtquelle hohe Temperaturen entwickelt. Durch das in Fig. 5a dargestellte leichte Verkippen der cyanfarbigen LED's wird die räumliche Lichtmischung verbessert. Der Durchmesser 16 der Lichtaustrittsöffnungen 6 des gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiels beträgt 25 cm, der Gesamtdurchmesser 17 ca. 37 cm. Sowohl die Hauptlichtquelle 1 als auch die ergänzenden Lichtquellen 2 sind vorzugsweise einzeln dimmbar, sodass die spektrale Zusammensetzung des insgesamt abgestrahlten Lichts einfach an die jeweilige Beleuchtungsaufgabe angepasst werden kann.The Fig. 5a and 5b show a further embodiment in which analogous to Fig. 4a the supplementary light sources 2 are arranged at the edge of the main light source 1. As the main light source 1, a high-pressure metal halide lamp with high power is used, the light of which is spectrally enhanced with the red and cyan LEDs 2 used as complementary light sources 2. In order to protect the LED's 2 from the heat generated by the main light source 1, the supplemental light sources 2 are thermally insulated from it. The thermal insulation 3 is constructed in the embodiment shown in the form of a multilayer winding of at least two different, alternately arranged materials or films. One of the materials used for this winding is conveniently a polytetrafluoroethylene film. The thermal insulation 3 extends substantially as shown in section in FIG Fig. 5b can be seen over the entire area where the main light source develops high temperatures. Through the in Fig. 5a shown slight tilting of the cyan LEDs, the spatial light mixture is improved. The diameter 16 of the light exit openings 6 of the embodiment shown is 25 cm, the overall diameter 17 about 37 cm. Both the main light source 1 and the supplementary light sources 2 are preferably individually dimmable, so that the spectral composition of the total emitted light can be easily adapted to the respective lighting task.

Claims (13)

  1. A lamp, in particular for illumination in enclosed spaces and/or for illuminating objects, comprising at least two light sources, wherein the light which can be emitted by the light sources is of different wavelength ranges, wherein one of the light sources is a primary light source (1) with a wider wavelength range and further ones of the light sources are supplementary light sources (2) with a narrower wavelength range in the form of light emitting diodes, and wherein the light flux which can be emitted by the primary light source (1) is at least twice as great as the light flux which can be emitted overall by all supplementary light sources (2), characterised in that the supplementary light sources (2) in the form of the light emitting diodes emit light in a wavelength range in which the spectrum emitted by the primary light source (1) has defects (9) in which the primary light source (1) can emit only with a reduced level of intensity.
  2. A lamp according to claim 1 characterised in that the light flux which can be emitted by the primary light source (1) is at least ten times and preferably at least twenty times as great as the light flux which can be emitted overall by the or all supplementary light sources or sources (2).
  3. A lamp according to one of claims 1 and 2 characterised in that a further supplementary light source (2) can emit light in a wavelength range which is at the edge of the wavelength range which can be emitted by the primary light source (1):
  4. A lamp according to one of claims 1 to 3 characterised in that the primary light source (1) is a high-pressure discharge lamp or a low-pressure discharge lamp.
  5. A lamp according to one of claims 1 to 3 characterised in that the primary light source (1) is a mercury metal vapour lamp or a sodium metal vapour lamp.
  6. A lamp according to one of claims 1 to 3 characterised in that the primary light source (1) is a halogen lamp or a RGB lamp or an array of white light emitting diodes.
  7. A lamp according to one of claims 1 to 6 characterised in that the light which can be emitted by the supplementary light source (2) is of a wavelength range of between 550 and 780 nm, preferably between 600 and 700 nm, or a wavelength range of between 420 and 520 nm, preferably between 420 and 480 nm.
  8. A lamp according to one of claims 1 to 7 characterised in that the supplementary light source or sources (2) is or are arranged in peripheral relationship with the primary light source (1).
  9. A lamp according to one of claims 1 to 8 characterised in that the primary light source (1) and/or the supplementary light source or sources (2) is or are preferably individually dimmable.
  10. A lamp according to one of claims 1 to 9 characterised in that the supplementary light source or sources (2) is or are thermally insulated from the primary light source (1).
  11. A lamp according to claim 10 characterised in that the thermal insulation (3) comprises a multi-layer winding of at least two different, alternately arranged materials or films.
  12. A lamp according to claim 11 characterised in that one of the alternately arranged materials or films comprises polytetrafluoroethylene.
  13. A lamp according to one of claims 1 to 12 characterised in that the primary light source (1) and at least one and preferably all supplementary light sources (2) are arranged in a common lamp body.
EP04737405A 2003-08-05 2004-08-03 Lamp comprising at least two light sources Not-in-force EP1651906B2 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

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PL04737405T PL1651906T5 (en) 2003-08-05 2004-08-03 Lamp comprising at least two light sources

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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AT12392003 2003-08-05
PCT/AT2004/000275 WO2005012785A1 (en) 2003-08-05 2004-08-03 Lamp comprising at least two light sources

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EP1651906A1 EP1651906A1 (en) 2006-05-03
EP1651906B1 EP1651906B1 (en) 2007-01-31
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AT (1) ATE353128T1 (en)
DE (1) DE502004002835D1 (en)
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DE102007022566A1 (en) 2007-05-14 2008-11-20 Merck Patent Gmbh Lighting unit consisting of discharge lamp, LEDs and conversion lamps
KR100776916B1 (en) 2007-05-18 2007-11-15 유항재 Lighting Apparatus for Protecting Eye Sight
KR100858641B1 (en) 2008-01-08 2008-09-16 유항재 Adapter for Compact Fluorescence Lamp having a Function of Protecting Eye Sight
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BR112014001364A2 (en) 2011-10-31 2017-04-18 Koninklijke Philips Nv light output device, luminaire and method for manufacturing a light output device
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EP1651906B1 (en) 2007-01-31
WO2005012785A1 (en) 2005-02-10
ATE353128T1 (en) 2007-02-15
ES2281806T3 (en) 2007-10-01
EP1651906A1 (en) 2006-05-03
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PL1651906T5 (en) 2010-04-30
DE502004002835D1 (en) 2007-03-22

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