EP1649074B1 - Wear-resistant layer and component comprising a wear-resistant layer - Google Patents

Wear-resistant layer and component comprising a wear-resistant layer Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1649074B1
EP1649074B1 EP04802981A EP04802981A EP1649074B1 EP 1649074 B1 EP1649074 B1 EP 1649074B1 EP 04802981 A EP04802981 A EP 04802981A EP 04802981 A EP04802981 A EP 04802981A EP 1649074 B1 EP1649074 B1 EP 1649074B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
layer
component
wear
resistant coating
coated
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Expired - Fee Related
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EP04802981A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1649074A1 (en
Inventor
Wolfgang Eichmann
Rolf Gerstner
Karl-Heinz Manier
Markus Uecker
Thomas Uihlein
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MTU Aero Engines AG
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MTU Aero Engines GmbH
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D5/00—Blades; Blade-carrying members; Heating, heat-insulating, cooling or antivibration means on the blades or the members
    • F01D5/12—Blades
    • F01D5/28—Selecting particular materials; Particular measures relating thereto; Measures against erosion or corrosion
    • F01D5/288—Protective coatings for blades
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
    • C23C28/30—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer
    • C23C28/32—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer including at least one pure metallic layer
    • C23C28/321—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer including at least one pure metallic layer with at least one metal alloy layer
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
    • C23C28/30—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer
    • C23C28/32—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer including at least one pure metallic layer
    • C23C28/322—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer including at least one pure metallic layer only coatings of metal elements only
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
    • C23C28/30—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer
    • C23C28/34—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer including at least one inorganic non-metallic material layer, e.g. metal carbide, nitride, boride, silicide layer and their mixtures, enamels, phosphates and sulphates
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
    • C23C28/30—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer
    • C23C28/34—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer including at least one inorganic non-metallic material layer, e.g. metal carbide, nitride, boride, silicide layer and their mixtures, enamels, phosphates and sulphates
    • C23C28/347—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer including at least one inorganic non-metallic material layer, e.g. metal carbide, nitride, boride, silicide layer and their mixtures, enamels, phosphates and sulphates with layers adapted for cutting tools or wear applications
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
    • C23C28/30—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer
    • C23C28/36—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer including layers graded in composition or physical properties
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
    • C23C28/40—Coatings including alternating layers following a pattern, a periodic or defined repetition
    • C23C28/42—Coatings including alternating layers following a pattern, a periodic or defined repetition characterized by the composition of the alternating layers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D5/00—Blades; Blade-carrying members; Heating, heat-insulating, cooling or antivibration means on the blades or the members
    • F01D5/12—Blades
    • F01D5/28—Selecting particular materials; Particular measures relating thereto; Measures against erosion or corrosion
    • F01D5/286—Particular treatment of blades, e.g. to increase durability or resistance against corrosion or erosion
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2230/00—Manufacture
    • F05D2230/30—Manufacture with deposition of material
    • F05D2230/31—Layer deposition
    • F05D2230/313—Layer deposition by physical vapour deposition
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2230/00—Manufacture
    • F05D2230/90—Coating; Surface treatment
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2300/00—Materials; Properties thereof
    • F05D2300/60—Properties or characteristics given to material by treatment or manufacturing
    • F05D2300/611—Coating
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
    • Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
    • Y10T428/12535—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.] with additional, spatially distinct nonmetal component
    • Y10T428/12542—More than one such component
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
    • Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
    • Y10T428/12535—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.] with additional, spatially distinct nonmetal component
    • Y10T428/12576—Boride, carbide or nitride component

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a wear protection coating, in particular an erosion protection coating, preferably for gas turbine components, according to the preamble of claim 1. Furthermore, the invention relates to a component with such a wear protection coating according to the preamble of claim 13.
  • Components subject to flow mechanics such as gas turbine components, are subject to wear as a result of oxidation, corrosion and erosion. Erosion is a wear process caused by solids moving in the gas flow.
  • wear protection coatings are required which protect the components against wear, in particular against erosion, corrosion and oxidation.
  • the erosion-resistant coating disclosed therein provides a wear-resistant coating consisting of multiple multilayer systems applied repetitively on the substrate to be coated. So are in the EP 0 674 020 B1 the repeatedly applied multi-layer systems formed from two different layers, namely on the one hand from a layer of a metallic material and on the other hand from a layer of titanium diboride. As in the erosion protection coating according to EP 0 674 020 B1 the multi-layer coating systems applied in repetition are formed only of two layers, alternating layers of metallic material and layers of titanium diboride are arranged in the erosion protection coating disclosed therein.
  • the EP 0 366 289 A1 discloses another erosion resistant and corrosion resistant coating for a substrate.
  • the wear protection coating is formed from a plurality of multilayer systems applied in repetition on the substrate to be coated, each multilayer system again consists of two different layers, namely of a metallic layer, for example of titanium, and of a ceramic layer, for example of titanium nitride.
  • Another erosion resistant and abrasion resistant wear protection coating is from the EP 0 562 108 B1 known.
  • the wear protection coating disclosed therein is in turn formed from a plurality of multilayer coating systems applied in repetition on a substrate to be coated.
  • the Fig. 4 of the EP 0 562 108 B1 discloses a wear-resistant coating formed of a plurality of multi-layer coating systems applied in repetition, wherein each multi-layer system consists of four layers, namely a ductile layer of tungsten or a tungsten alloy and three hard layers, the three hard layers differing in terms of additive element content.
  • the present invention is based on the problem to provide a novel anti-wear coating and a component with such wear protection coating.
  • each of the repeatedly applied multilayer coating systems has at least four different layers.
  • a first layer of each multilayer system facing the surface to be coated is formed from a metal material adapted to the composition of the component surface to be coated.
  • a second layer of each multilayer system applied to the first layer is formed from a metal alloy material adapted to the composition of the component surface to be coated.
  • a third layer of each multilayer system applied to the second layer is of a graded metal-ceramic material, and a fourth layer of each multilayer system applied to the third layer is formed of a nanostructured ceramic material.
  • the wear protection coating according to the invention ensures a very good erosion resistance and oxidation resistance and has an extremely small influence on the fatigue strength of the coated component. It is particularly suitable for coating complex components such as vanes, blades, vanes segments, blade segments, and integrally bladed rotors.
  • first multi-layer system preferably an adhesion promoting layer is applied.
  • Fig. 1 shows a blade of a gas turbine in perspective View wearing a wear protection coating according to the invention.
  • Fig. 2 to 4 show schematic cross sections through the blade, each with different wear protection coatings according to the invention.
  • Fig. 1 shows a blade 10 of a gas turbine with an airfoil 11 and a blade root 12 in the embodiment of Fig. 1 the entire blade 10, namely a surface to be protected thereof, is coated with a wear protection coating 13.
  • the entire blade 10 is coated with the wear protection coating 13, it is also possible that the blade 10 only partially, so only in the region of the blade 11 or in parts thereof or in the region of the blade root 12, the wear protection coating 13.
  • other gas turbine components such as the housing or integrally bladed rotors as blisks may be coated with the wear-resistant coating 13 (Bl aded isks D) or bling (Bl aded R ings).
  • each of the two multilayer systems 15 and 16 consists of four different layers, wherein a first, facing the surface 14 to be coated layer 17 of each multilayer system 15 and 16 of a formed on the composition of the component to be coated 10 adapted metal material.
  • a second layer 18 of each multilayer system 15 and 16 applied to the first layer 17 is formed from a metal alloy material adapted to the composition of the component 10 to be coated.
  • a third layer 19 of each multilayer system 15 and 16 applied to the second layer 18 is of a graded metal-ceramic material and a fourth layer 20 of each multilayer system 15 and 16 applied to the third layer 19 is formed of a ceramic material.
  • the graded metal-ceramic material within the layer 19 forms a transition between the second layer 18 and the fourth layer 20, namely, from the metal alloy of the second layer 18 to the ceramic material of the fourth layer 20.
  • a further multi-layer system 21 which corresponds to the execution of the individual layers 17 to 20, the multi-layer systems 15 and 16.
  • four, five or a higher number of such multilayer coating systems 15, 16 and 21 can be arranged one above the other in repetition to form a wear-resistant coating 13 according to the invention.
  • the multilayer systems may also be composed of more than four layers.
  • An adhesion-promoting layer 22 is applied between the surface 14 of the component 10 to be coated and the first multilayer coating system 15 adjoining the surface 14.
  • the adhesion-promoting layer 22 enables a better contact between the wear-resistant coating 13 according to the invention and the component 10 to be coated.
  • the specific embodiment of the individual layers 17 to 20 of the multilayer systems 15, 16 and 21 is adapted to the material composition of the component 10 to be coated.
  • the material composition of the component 10 to be coated are some examples:
  • the first layer 17 is preferably formed as a nickel layer (Ni layer).
  • a second layer 18 (NiCr layer) formed from a nickel-chromium material is then applied.
  • a third layer 19 to a graded metal-ceramic layer, which is preferably formed from a CrN 1-x material (CrN 1-x layer).
  • the fourth layer 20 is formed by a ceramic material, namely chromium nitride (CrN layer).
  • the component 10 to be coated is formed from a titanium base material.
  • the first layer 17 is preferably formed from titanium, palladium or platinum.
  • the third layer 19 is again followed by a grading layer, which is formed either from a GrAIN 1-x material or a TiAIN 1-x material.
  • a CrAIN layer joins as the fourth layer 20 as a ceramic layer.
  • the fourth layer 20 is preferably formed of titanium aluminum nitride (TiAIN).
  • TiAIN titanium aluminum nitride
  • a TiAISiN material or AITiN material or TiN / AlN material may be used as the ceramic material for the fourth layer 20 in this case.
  • the wear protection coating 13 according to the invention is applied to the component 11 to be coated in the sense of the present invention by means of a PVD coating process.
  • the layer thickness of a multilayer system of the wear protection coating according to the invention is preferably less than 15 ⁇ m.
  • the wear-resistant coating according to the invention is preferably used in complex, three-dimensional, fluid-mechanically stressed components, such as, for example, housing elements, guide blade segments, blade segments, integrally bladed rotors or individual blades for aircraft engines.
  • the wear protection coating according to the invention on the one hand, the entire component to be coated and, on the other hand, only a portion thereof can be coated.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Verschleißschutzbeschichtung, insbesondere eine Erosionsschutzbeschichtung, vorzugsweise für Gasturbinenbauteile, nach dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 1. Weiterhin betrifft die Erfindung ein Bauteil mit einer derartigen Verschleißschutzbeschichtung gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 13.The invention relates to a wear protection coating, in particular an erosion protection coating, preferably for gas turbine components, according to the preamble of claim 1. Furthermore, the invention relates to a component with such a wear protection coating according to the preamble of claim 13.

Strömungsmechanisch belastete Bauteile, wie zum Beispiel Gasturbinenbauteile, unterliegen einem Verschleiß infolge von Oxidation, Korrosion und Erosion. Bei der Erosion handelt es sich um einen Verschleißvorgang, der durch in der Gasströmung mitbewegte, feste Stoffe hervorgerufen wird. Um die Lebensdauer von strömungsmechanisch belasteten Bauteilen zu verlängern, sind Verschleißschutzbeschichtungen erforderlich, welche die Bauteile vor Verschleiß schützen, insbesondere gegen Erosion, Korrosion und Oxidation.Components subject to flow mechanics, such as gas turbine components, are subject to wear as a result of oxidation, corrosion and erosion. Erosion is a wear process caused by solids moving in the gas flow. In order to extend the service life of fluidically loaded components, wear protection coatings are required which protect the components against wear, in particular against erosion, corrosion and oxidation.

Aus der EP 0 674 020 B1 ist ein mehrfachlagiger, erosionsresistenter Überzug für die Oberflächen von Substraten bekannt. Der dort offenbarte, erosionsresistente Überzug stellt eine Verschleißschutzbeschichtung bereit, die aus mehreren in Wiederholung auf dem zu beschichtenden Substrat aufgebrachten Mehrlagenschichtsystemen besteht. So sind bei der EP 0 674 020 B1 die in Wiederholung aufgebrachten Mehrlagenschichtsysteme aus jeweils zwei unterschiedlichen Schichten gebildet, nämlich einerseits aus einer Schicht eines metallischen Materials und andererseits aus einer Schicht aus Titandiborid. Da bei der Erosionsschutzbeschichtung gemäß EP 0 674 020 B1 die in Wiederholung aufgebrachten Mehrlagenschichtsysteme lediglich aus zwei Schichten gebildet sind, sind bei der dort offenbarten Erosionsschutzbeschichtung wechselweise Schichten aus metallischem Material und Schichten aus Titandiborid angeordnet.From the EP 0 674 020 B1 is a multi-layer, erosion-resistant coating for the surfaces of substrates known. The erosion-resistant coating disclosed therein provides a wear-resistant coating consisting of multiple multilayer systems applied repetitively on the substrate to be coated. So are in the EP 0 674 020 B1 the repeatedly applied multi-layer systems formed from two different layers, namely on the one hand from a layer of a metallic material and on the other hand from a layer of titanium diboride. As in the erosion protection coating according to EP 0 674 020 B1 the multi-layer coating systems applied in repetition are formed only of two layers, alternating layers of metallic material and layers of titanium diboride are arranged in the erosion protection coating disclosed therein.

Die EP 0 366 289 A1 offenbart eine weitere erosionsbeständige sowie korrosionsbeständige Beschichtung für ein Substrat. Auch gemäß der EP 0 366 289 A1 wird die Verschleißschutzbeschichtung aus mehreren, in Wiederholung auf dem zu beschichteten Substrat aufgebrachten Mehrlagenschichtsystemen gebildet, wobei jedes Mehrlagenschichtsystem wiederum aus zwei unterschiedlichen Schichten besteht, nämlich aus einer metallischen Schicht, zum Beispiel aus Titan, und aus einer keramischen Schicht, zum Beispiel aus Titannitrid.The EP 0 366 289 A1 discloses another erosion resistant and corrosion resistant coating for a substrate. Also according to the EP 0 366 289 A1 For example, the wear protection coating is formed from a plurality of multilayer systems applied in repetition on the substrate to be coated, each multilayer system again consists of two different layers, namely of a metallic layer, for example of titanium, and of a ceramic layer, for example of titanium nitride.

Eine weitere erosionsbeständige und abrasionsbeständige Verschleißschutzbeschichtung ist aus der EP 0 562 108 B1 bekannt. So ist die dort offenbarte Verschleißschutzbeschichtung wiederum aus mehreren in Wiederholung auf einem zu beschichtenden Substrat aufgebrachten Mehrlagenschichtsystemen gebildet. Die Fig. 4 der EP 0 562 108 B1 offenbart dabei eine aus mehreren, in Wiederholung aufgebrachten Mehrlagenschichtsystemen gebildete Verschleißschutzbeschichtung, wobei jedes Mehrlagenschichtsystem aus vier Schichten besteht, nämlich aus einer duktilen Schicht aus Wolfram oder einer Wolframlegierung und drei harten Schichten, wobei sich die drei harten Schichten hinsichtlich eines Zusatzelementsgehalts unterscheiden.Another erosion resistant and abrasion resistant wear protection coating is from the EP 0 562 108 B1 known. Thus, the wear protection coating disclosed therein is in turn formed from a plurality of multilayer coating systems applied in repetition on a substrate to be coated. The Fig. 4 of the EP 0 562 108 B1 discloses a wear-resistant coating formed of a plurality of multi-layer coating systems applied in repetition, wherein each multi-layer system consists of four layers, namely a ductile layer of tungsten or a tungsten alloy and three hard layers, the three hard layers differing in terms of additive element content.

Hiervon ausgehend liegt der vorliegenden Erfindung das Problem zu Grunde, ein neuartige Verschleißschutzbeschichtung und ein Bauteil mit einer solchen Verschleißschutzbeschichtung zu schaffen.On this basis, the present invention is based on the problem to provide a novel anti-wear coating and a component with such wear protection coating.

Dieses Problem wird dadurch gelöst, dass die eingangs genannte Verschleißschutzbeschichtung durch die Merkmale des kennzeichnenden Teils des Patentanspruchs 1 weitergebildet ist. Erfindungsgemäß weist jedes der in Wiederholung aufgebrachten Mehrlagenschichtsysteme mindestens vier unterschiedliche Schichten auf. Eine erste, der zu beschichtenden Oberfläche zugewandte Schicht jedes Mehrlagenschichtsystems ist aus einem an die Zusammensetzung der zu beschichtenden Bauteiloberfläche angepassten Metallwerkstoff gebildet. Eine auf die erste Schicht aufgebrachte zweite Schicht jedes Mehrlagenschichtsystems ist aus einem an die Zusammensetzung der zu beschichtenden Bauteiloberfläche angepassten Metalllegierungswerkstoff gebildet. Eine auf die zweite Schicht aufgebrachte dritte Schicht jedes Mehrlagenschichtsystems ist aus einem gradierten Metall-Keramik-Werkstoff und eine auf die dritte Schicht aufgebrachte vierte Schicht jedes Mehrlagenschichtsystems ist aus einem nanostrukturierten Keramikwerkstoff gebildet.This problem is solved in that the aforementioned wear protection coating is further developed by the features of the characterizing part of patent claim 1. According to the invention, each of the repeatedly applied multilayer coating systems has at least four different layers. A first layer of each multilayer system facing the surface to be coated is formed from a metal material adapted to the composition of the component surface to be coated. A second layer of each multilayer system applied to the first layer is formed from a metal alloy material adapted to the composition of the component surface to be coated. A third layer of each multilayer system applied to the second layer is of a graded metal-ceramic material, and a fourth layer of each multilayer system applied to the third layer is formed of a nanostructured ceramic material.

Die erfindungsgemäße Verschleißschutzbeschichtung gewährleistet eine sehr gute Erosionsbeständigkeit sowie Oxidationsbeständigkeit und weist einen äußerst geringen Einfluss auf die Schwingfestigkeit des beschichteten Bauteils auf. Sie eignet sich insbesondere zur Beschichtung komplexer Bauteile, wie Leitschaufeln, Laufschaufeln, Leitschaufelsegmenten, Laufschaufelsegmenten sowie integral beschaufelten Rotoren.The wear protection coating according to the invention ensures a very good erosion resistance and oxidation resistance and has an extremely small influence on the fatigue strength of the coated component. It is particularly suitable for coating complex components such as vanes, blades, vanes segments, blade segments, and integrally bladed rotors.

Mehrere derartige Mehrlagenschichtsysteme sind in Wiederholung auf die Oberfläche des strömungsmechanisch beanspruchten Bauteils aufgebracht, wobei zwischen die Oberfläche des Bauteils und das sich an die Oberfläche anschließende, erste Mehrlagenschichtsystem vorzugsweise eine Haftvermittlungsschicht aufgebracht ist.Several such multi-layer system are applied in repetition on the surface of the fluid mechanical claimed component, wherein between the surface of the component and the adjoining to the surface, first multi-layer system preferably an adhesion promoting layer is applied.

Das erfindungsgemäße Bauteil mit einer derartigen Verschleißschutzbeschichtung ist im unabhängigen Patentanspruch 13 definiert.The component according to the invention with such a wear protection coating is defined in independent claim 13.

Bevorzugte Weiterbildungen der Erfindung ergeben sich aus den Unteransprüchen und der nachfolgenden Beschreibung. Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung werden, ohne hierauf beschränkt zu sein, an Hand der Zeichnung näher erläutert. Dabei zeigt:

Fig. 1
eine stark schematisierte Darstellung einer Schaufel einer Gasturbine, die eine erfindungsgemäße Verschleißschutzbeschichtung aufweist;
Fig. 2
einen stark schematisierten Querschnitt durch eine erfindungsgemäße Ver- schleißschutzbeschichtung nach einem ersten Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfin- dung;
Fig. 3
einen stark schematisierten Querschnitt durch eine erfindungsgemäße Ver- schleißschutzbeschichtung nach einem zweiten Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfin- dung; und
Fig. 4
einen stark schematisierten Querschnitt durch eine erfindungsgemäße Ver- schleißschutzbeschichtung nach einem dritten Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfin- dung.
Preferred embodiments of the invention will become apparent from the dependent claims and the description below. Embodiments of the invention will be described, without being limited thereto, with reference to the drawings. Showing:
Fig. 1
a highly schematic representation of a blade of a gas turbine having a wear protection coating according to the invention;
Fig. 2
a highly schematic cross section through an inventive wear protection coating according to a first embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 3
a highly schematic cross section through a wear protection coating according to the invention according to a second embodiment of the invention; and
Fig. 4
a highly schematic cross section through an inventive wear protection coating according to a third embodiment of the invention.

Nachfolgend wird die hier vorliegende Erfindung unter Bezugsnahme auf Fig. 1 bis 4 in größerem Detail erläutert. Fig. 1 zeigt eine Schaufel einer Gasturbine in perspektivischer Ansicht, die eine erfindungsgemäße Verschleißschutzbeschichtung trägt. Fig. 2 bis 4 zeigen schematisierte Querschnitte durch die Schaufel mit jeweils unterschiedlichen, erfindungsgemäßen Verschleißschutzbeschichtungen.Hereinafter, the present invention is hereby incorporated by reference Fig. 1 to 4 explained in more detail. Fig. 1 shows a blade of a gas turbine in perspective View wearing a wear protection coating according to the invention. Fig. 2 to 4 show schematic cross sections through the blade, each with different wear protection coatings according to the invention.

Fig. 1 zeigt eine Schaufel 10 einer Gasturbine mit einem Schaufelblatt 11 und einem Schaufelfuß 12. Im Ausführungsbeispiel der Fig. 1 ist die gesamte Schaufel 10, nämlich eine zu schützende Oberfläche derselben, mit einer Verschleißschutzbeschichtung 13 beschichtet. Obwohl im gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiel die komplette Schaufel 10 mit der Verschleißschutzbeschichtung 13 beschichtet ist, ist es auch möglich, dass die Schaufel 10 nur abschnittsweise, also nur im Bereich des Schaufelblatts 11 oder in Teilen davon oder im Bereich des Schaufelfußes 12, die Verschleißschutzbeschichtung 13 aufweist. Auch können andere Gasturbinenbauteile wie zum Beispiel Gehäuse oder integral beschaufelte Rotoren wie Blisks (Bladed Disks) oder Blings (Bladed Rings) mit der Verschleißschutzbeschichtung 13 beschichtet sein. Fig. 1 shows a blade 10 of a gas turbine with an airfoil 11 and a blade root 12 in the embodiment of Fig. 1 the entire blade 10, namely a surface to be protected thereof, is coated with a wear protection coating 13. Although in the illustrated embodiment, the entire blade 10 is coated with the wear protection coating 13, it is also possible that the blade 10 only partially, so only in the region of the blade 11 or in parts thereof or in the region of the blade root 12, the wear protection coating 13. Also, other gas turbine components such as the housing or integrally bladed rotors as blisks may be coated with the wear-resistant coating 13 (Bl aded isks D) or bling (Bl aded R ings).

In Fig. 2 ist das zu beschichtende Bauteil mit der Bezugsziffer 10 gekennzeichnet. Auf einer zu beschichtenden Oberfläche 14 des Bauteils 10 ist die erfindungsgemäße Verschleißschutzbeschichtung 13 aufgebracht. Im Ausführungsbeispiel der Fig. 2 besteht die Verschleißschutzbeschichtung 13 aus zwei auf der Oberfläche 14 in Wiederholung aufgebrachten Mehrlagenschichtsystemen 15 und 16. Jedes der beiden Mehrlagenschichtsysteme 15 und 16 besteht aus vier unterschiedlichen Schichten, wobei eine erste, der zu beschichtenden Oberfläche 14 zugewandte Schicht 17 jedes Mehrlagenschichtsystems 15 und 16 aus einem an die Zusammensetzung des zu beschichtenden Bauteils 10 angepassten Metallwerkstoff gebildet ist. Eine auf die erste Schicht 17 aufgebrachte zweite Schicht 18 jedes Mehrlagenschichtsystems 15 und 16 ist aus einem an die Zusammensetzung des zu beschichtenden Bauteils 10 angepassten Metalllegierungswerkstoff gebildet. Eine auf die zweite Schicht 18 aufgebrachte dritte Schicht 19 jedes Mehrlagenschichtsystems 15 und 16 ist aus einem gradierten Metall-Keramik-Werkstoff und eine auf die dritte Schicht 19 aufgebrachte vierte Schicht 20 jedes Mehrlagenschichtsystems 15 und 16 ist aus einem Keramikwerkstoff gebildet. Der gradierte Metall-Keramik-Werkstoff innerhalb der Schicht 19 bildet einen Übergang zwischen der zweiten Schicht 18 und der vierten Schicht 20, nämlich von der Metalllegierung der zweiten Schicht 18 zum Keramikwerkstoff der vierten Schicht 20.In Fig. 2 the component to be coated is identified by the reference numeral 10. On a surface 14 to be coated of the component 10, the wear-resistant coating 13 according to the invention is applied. In the embodiment of Fig. 2 each of the two multilayer systems 15 and 16 consists of four different layers, wherein a first, facing the surface 14 to be coated layer 17 of each multilayer system 15 and 16 of a formed on the composition of the component to be coated 10 adapted metal material. A second layer 18 of each multilayer system 15 and 16 applied to the first layer 17 is formed from a metal alloy material adapted to the composition of the component 10 to be coated. A third layer 19 of each multilayer system 15 and 16 applied to the second layer 18 is of a graded metal-ceramic material and a fourth layer 20 of each multilayer system 15 and 16 applied to the third layer 19 is formed of a ceramic material. The graded metal-ceramic material within the layer 19 forms a transition between the second layer 18 and the fourth layer 20, namely, from the metal alloy of the second layer 18 to the ceramic material of the fourth layer 20.

Im Ausführungsbeispiel der Fig. 3 ist auf die oben beschriebenen Mehrlagenschichtsysteme 15 und 16 ein weiteres Mehrlagenschichtsystem 21 aufgebracht, welches hinsichtlich der Ausführung der einzelnen Schichten 17 bis 20 den Mehrlagenschichtsystemen 15 und 16 entspricht. Es können auch vier, fünf oder eine höhere Anzahl von derartigen Mehrlagenschichtsystemen 15, 16 bzw. 21 in Wiederholung übereinander angeordnet sein, um eine erfindungsgemäße Verschleißschutzbeschichtung 13 zu bilden. Die Mehrlagenschichtsysteme können auch aus mehr als vier Schichten zusammengesetzt bzw. gebildet sein.In the embodiment of Fig. 3 is applied to the multi-layer systems 15 and 16 described above, a further multi-layer system 21, which corresponds to the execution of the individual layers 17 to 20, the multi-layer systems 15 and 16. Also, four, five or a higher number of such multilayer coating systems 15, 16 and 21 can be arranged one above the other in repetition to form a wear-resistant coating 13 according to the invention. The multilayer systems may also be composed of more than four layers.

Im Ausführungsbeispiel der Fig. 4 ist zwischen die Oberfläche 14 des zu beschichtenden Bauteils 10 und das sich an die Oberfläche 14 anschließende, erste Mehrlagenschichtsystem 15 eine Haftvermittlungsschicht 22 aufgebracht. Die Haftvermittlungsschicht 22 ermöglicht einen besseren Kontakt zwischen der erfindungsgemäßen Verschleißschutzbeschichtung 13 und dem zu beschichtenden Bauteil 10.In the embodiment of Fig. 4 An adhesion-promoting layer 22 is applied between the surface 14 of the component 10 to be coated and the first multilayer coating system 15 adjoining the surface 14. The adhesion-promoting layer 22 enables a better contact between the wear-resistant coating 13 according to the invention and the component 10 to be coated.

Die konkrete Ausführung der einzelnen Schichten 17 bis 20 der Mehrlagenschichtsysteme 15, 16 und 21 ist an die Werkstoffzusammensetzung des zu beschichtenden Bauteils 10 angepasst. Hierzu einige Beispiele:The specific embodiment of the individual layers 17 to 20 of the multilayer systems 15, 16 and 21 is adapted to the material composition of the component 10 to be coated. Here are some examples:

Bei einem zu beschichtenden Bauteil 10, welches aus einem Nickelbasiswerkstoff oder Kobaltbasiswerkstoff oder Eisenbasiswerkstoff gebildet ist, ist die erste Schicht 17 vorzugsweise als Nickelschicht (Ni-Schicht) ausgebildet. Auf eine solche Ni-Schicht 17 ist dann eine aus einem Nickel-Chrom-Werkstoff gebildete zweite Schicht 18 (NiCr-Schicht) aufgebracht. An die zweite Schicht 18 aus dem Nickel-Chrom-Werkstoff schließt sich dann als dritte Schicht 19 eine gradierte Metall-Keramikschicht an, die vorzugsweise aus einem CrN1-x Werkstoff gebildet ist (CrN1-x-Schicht). Die vierte Schicht 20 wird von einem Keramikwerkstoff, nämlich Chromnitrid, gebildet (CrN-Schicht).In the case of a component 10 to be coated, which is formed from a nickel base material or cobalt base material or iron base material, the first layer 17 is preferably formed as a nickel layer (Ni layer). Onto such a Ni layer 17, a second layer 18 (NiCr layer) formed from a nickel-chromium material is then applied. To the second layer 18 of the nickel-chromium material then joins as a third layer 19 to a graded metal-ceramic layer, which is preferably formed from a CrN 1-x material (CrN 1-x layer). The fourth layer 20 is formed by a ceramic material, namely chromium nitride (CrN layer).

Nach einem weiteren Beispiel ist das zu beschichtende Bauteil 10 aus einem Titanbasiswerkstoff gebildet. Bei einem derartigen, aus einem Titanbasiswerkstoff gebildeten, zu beschichtenden Bauteil 10 wird die erste Schicht 17 vorzugsweise aus Titan, Palladium oder Platin gebildet. Auf eine derartige, erste Schicht 17 ist dann eine zweite Schicht 18 aufgebracht, die von einem TiCrAl-Werkstoff oder einem CuAlCr-Werkstoff gebildet wird. Als dritte Schicht 19 schließt sich wiederum eine Gradierungsschicht an, die entweder aus einem GrAIN1-x Werkstoff oder einem TiAIN1-x Werkstoff gebildet ist. In dem Fall, in dem die Gradierungsschicht 19 von einem GrAIN1-x Werkstoff gebildet ist, schließt sich als vierte Schicht 20 als keramische Schicht eine CrAIN-Schicht an. In dem Fall, in dem die Gradierungsschicht 19 von dem TiAIN1-x Werkstoff gebildet ist, ist die vierte Schicht 20 vorzugsweise aus Titanaluminiumnitrid (TiAIN) gebildet. Anstelle des Titanaluminiumnitrid-Werkstoffs kann für die vierte Schicht 20 in diesem Fall jedoch auch ein TiAISiN-Werkstoff oder AITiN-Werkstoff oder TiN/AIN-Werkstoff als keramischer Werkstoff verwendet werden.According to another example, the component 10 to be coated is formed from a titanium base material. In such a component 10 to be coated, which is formed from a titanium base material, the first layer 17 is preferably formed from titanium, palladium or platinum. A second layer 18, which is formed by a TiCrAl material or a CuAlCr material, is then applied to such a first layer 17. The third layer 19 is again followed by a grading layer, which is formed either from a GrAIN 1-x material or a TiAIN 1-x material. In the case where the gradation layer 19 is formed by a GrAIN 1-x material, a CrAIN layer joins as the fourth layer 20 as a ceramic layer. In the case where the gradation layer 19 is formed of the TiAIN 1-x material, the fourth layer 20 is preferably formed of titanium aluminum nitride (TiAIN). However, instead of the titanium aluminum nitride material, a TiAISiN material or AITiN material or TiN / AlN material may be used as the ceramic material for the fourth layer 20 in this case.

Die erfindungsgemäße Verschleißschutzbeschichtung 13 wird auf das zu beschichtende Bauteil 11 im Sinne der hier vorliegenden Erfindung mittels eines PVD-Beschichtungsprozesses aufgetragen. Die Schichtdicke eines Mehrlagenschichtsystems der erfindungsgemäßen Verschleißschutzbeschichtung beträgt vorzugsweise weniger als 15 µm.The wear protection coating 13 according to the invention is applied to the component 11 to be coated in the sense of the present invention by means of a PVD coating process. The layer thickness of a multilayer system of the wear protection coating according to the invention is preferably less than 15 μm.

Die erfindungsgemäße Verschleißschutzbeschichtung findet bevorzugt Verwendung bei komplexen, dreidimensionalen, strömungsmechanisch beanspruchten Bauteilen, wie zum Beispiel Gehäuseelementen, Leitschaufelsegmenten, Laufschaufelsegmenten, integral beschaufelten Rotoren oder auch Einzelschaufeln für Flugtriebwerke. Mit der erfindungsgemäßen Verschleißschutzbeschichtung kann einerseits das gesamte zu beschichtende Bauteil sowie andererseits nur ein Bereich desselben beschichtet werden.The wear-resistant coating according to the invention is preferably used in complex, three-dimensional, fluid-mechanically stressed components, such as, for example, housing elements, guide blade segments, blade segments, integrally bladed rotors or individual blades for aircraft engines. With the wear protection coating according to the invention, on the one hand, the entire component to be coated and, on the other hand, only a portion thereof can be coated.

Claims (15)

  1. A wear-resistant coating, in particular an erosion-resistant coating, which is applied to a surface of a fluidically stressed component, in particular a gas turbine component, that is to be protected, wherein the wear-resistant coating is formed from one or more multi-layer systems applied repeatedly to the surface that is to be coated,
    characterised in that
    each of the multi-layer systems (15, 16, 21) applied once or repeatedly has at least four different layers (17, 18, 19, 20), wherein a first layer (17) of each multi-layer system that faces the surface (14) that is to be coated is formed from a metal material that is adapted to the composition of the component surface that is to be coated, wherein a second layer (18) of each multi-layer system that is applied to the first layer (17) is formed from a metal alloy material that is adapted to the composition of the component surface that is to be coated, wherein a third layer (19) of each multi-layer system that is applied to the second layer (18) is formed from a graduated metal-ceramic material, and wherein a fourth layer (20) of each multi-layer system that is applied to the third layer (19) is formed from a nanostructured ceramic material.
  2. A wear-resistant coating according to claim 1,
    characterised in that
    each of the multi-layer systems (15, 16, 21) that are applied repeatedly has the same layer structure.
  3. A wear-resistant coating according to claim 1 or 2,
    characterised in that
    in the case of a component that is formed from a nickel-based or cobalt-based or iron-based material the first layer (17) of each multi-layer system is formed from a nickel material or cobalt material.
  4. A wear-resistant coating according to one or more of claims 1 to 3,
    characterised in that
    in the case of a component that is formed from a nickel-based or cobalt-based or iron-based material the second layer (18) of each multi-layer system is formed from a nickel alloy material, preferably from an NiCr material, or from a cobalt alloy material or an iron alloy material.
  5. A wear-resistant coating according to one or more of claims 1 to 4,
    characterised in that
    in the case of a component that is formed from a nickel-based or cobalt-based or iron-based material the third layer (19) of each multi-layer system is formed from CrN1-x material.
  6. A wear-resistant coating according to one or more of claims 1 to 5,
    characterised in that
    in the case of a component that is formed from a nickel-based or cobalt-based or iron-based material the fourth layer (20) of each multi-layer system is formed from a CrN material and is nanostructured.
  7. A wear-resistant coating according to claim 1 or 2,
    characterised in that
    in the case of a component that is formed from a titanium-based material the first layer (17) of each multi-layer system is formed from a titanium material or platinum material or palladium material.
  8. A wear-resistant coating according to claim 7,
    characterised in that
    in the case of a component that is formed from a titanium-based material the second layer (18) of each multi-layer system is formed from a titanium alloy material or an aluminium alloy material, preferably from a TiCrAl material or a CuAlCr material.
  9. A wear-resistant coating according to claim 7 or 8,
    characterised in that
    in the case of a component that is formed from a titanium-based material the third layer (19) of each multi-layer system is formed from a CrAlN1-x material or from a TiAlN1-x material.
  10. A wear-resistant coating according to one or more of claims 7 to 9,
    characterised in that
    in the case of a component that is formed from a titanium-based material the fourth layer (20) of each multi-layer system is formed from a CrAIN material or from a TiAlN material or from a TiAlSiN material or from a TiN/AIN material and is nanostructured.
  11. A wear-resistant coating according to one or more of claims 1 to 10,
    characterised in that
    the total layer thickness of the layers (17, 18, 19, 20) of each multi-layer system is smaller than 15 µm.
  12. A wear-resistant coating according to one or more of claims 1 to 11,
    characterised in that
    several such multi-layer systems are applied repeatedly to the surface (14) of the fluidically stressed component (11), with an adhesion-promoting layer (22) being applied between the surface (14) of the component (11) and the first multi-layer system (15) following on from the surface (14).
  13. A component, in particular a gas turbine component, having a wear-resistant coating, in particular an erosion-resistant coating, applied to a surface of the fluidically stressed component that is to be protected, wherein the wear-resistant coating (13) is formed from one or a plurality of multi-layer systems (15, 16, 21) applied repeatedly to the surface (14) that is to be coated,
    characterised in that
    each of the multi-layer systems applied singly or repeatedly has at least four different layers (17, 18, 19, 20), wherein a first layer (17) of each multi-layer system that faces the surface (14) that is to be coated is formed from a metal material that is adapted to the composition of the component surface that is to be coated, wherein a second layer (18) of each multi-layer system that is applied to the first layer (17) is formed from a metal alloy material that is adapted to the composition of the component surface that is to be coated, wherein a third layer (19) of each multi-layer system that is applied to the second layer (18) is formed from a graduated metal-ceramic material, and wherein a fourth layer (20) of each multi-layer system that is applied to the third layer (19) is formed from a nanostructured ceramic material.
  14. A component according to claim 13,
    characterised in that
    the wear-resistant coating (13) is formed according to one or more of claims 2 to 12.
  15. A component according to claim 13 or 14,
    characterised in that
    the same is formed as a housing or guide blade or moving blade or guide-blade segment or moving-blade segment or integrally bladed rotor of a gas turbine, in particular an aircraft engine.
EP04802981A 2004-01-09 2004-12-22 Wear-resistant layer and component comprising a wear-resistant layer Expired - Fee Related EP1649074B1 (en)

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US20070190351A1 (en) 2007-08-16
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DE102004001392A1 (en) 2005-08-04
RU2374075C2 (en) 2009-11-27
CA2537205A1 (en) 2005-07-21
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EP1649074A1 (en) 2006-04-26
US7927709B2 (en) 2011-04-19

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