EP1646789B1 - Pompe comportant au moins une chambre de pompe et des electrodes destinees a produire un champ electrique alternatif - Google Patents

Pompe comportant au moins une chambre de pompe et des electrodes destinees a produire un champ electrique alternatif Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1646789B1
EP1646789B1 EP04738826A EP04738826A EP1646789B1 EP 1646789 B1 EP1646789 B1 EP 1646789B1 EP 04738826 A EP04738826 A EP 04738826A EP 04738826 A EP04738826 A EP 04738826A EP 1646789 B1 EP1646789 B1 EP 1646789B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pump
pumping
alternating field
field
pump according
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Expired - Lifetime
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EP04738826A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP1646789A1 (fr
Inventor
Jan Gimsa
Moritz Holtappels
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Universitaet Rostock
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Universitaet Rostock
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B43/00—Machines, pumps, or pumping installations having flexible working members
    • F04B43/02—Machines, pumps, or pumping installations having flexible working members having plate-like flexible members, e.g. diaphragms
    • F04B43/04—Pumps having electric drive
    • F04B43/043—Micropumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B19/00—Machines or pumps having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B17/00

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a pump having the features according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • a pumping chamber with two electrodes is provided, of which a dielectric element is arranged on an electrode.
  • the dielectric element has a sawtooth structure in the longitudinal direction of the pumping chamber and in the pumping direction. Due to the sawtooth structure, there is a location-dependent, time delay of the alternating electric field at the outside of the dielectric element facing the liquid to be pumped, so that an electrical traveling field is formed in the chamber longitudinal direction. Due to the electrical traveling field, the liquid to be pumped is polarized and travels along the traveling field direction so that a pumping force is generated in the traveling field direction.
  • a pump having an electrode device and a dielectric element as defined in the preamble of claim 1 is known from document WO 00/79131 A.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a pumping chamber, which develops a particularly large pumping action.
  • the invention provides that the dielectric element is arranged and configured such that the alternating electric field has a stationary and time-independent field gradient within the pumping chamber in the pumping direction.
  • a significant advantage of the pump according to the invention is its particularly large pumping action in a still very simple and inexpensive construction.
  • the large pumping action is thereby effected in the pump according to the invention characterized that a stationary and time-independent field gradient is generated in the pumping chamber. Due to the fact that the field gradient is stationary and time-independent, the remaining liquid volume is also pumped in addition to the liquid located in the edge region of the dielectric element. In the case of the pump according to the invention, therefore, both the liquid fraction located in the edge region of the dielectric element and the remaining volume fraction of the liquid are pumped.
  • the pumping effect is effected in the pump according to the invention by the stationary field gradient in the pumping direction.
  • the field gradient causes a location-dependent polarization distribution or space charge in the pumping direction in the liquid, both in the edge area and in the volume area or in the center area of the pumping chamber. Specifically, this is because part of the energy of the alternating electric field is absorbed in the liquid, whereby the temperature in the liquid increases locally in the direction of increasing field strength of the alternating field. As the temperature rises, the electrical conductivity of the liquid also rises locally, due to physical reasons, whereby the dielectric constant of the liquid and thus the polarizability of the liquid change locally.
  • Another significant advantage of the pump according to the invention is the frequency independence of the pump.
  • a uniform pumping action is in the inventive Namely causes pump in a particularly large frequency range of the alternating electric field. Almost up to an upper, depending on the respective liquid and the geometry of the pumping chamber cutoff frequency, the pumping action is very uniform; only when reaching and exceeding the upper limit frequency, there is a drop in the pumping action.
  • the pump of the invention differs significantly from the previously known traveling-field pump described above, in which an efficient pumping is achieved only in a very narrow "resonance range", ie only a very narrow frequency interval.
  • a third significant advantage of the pump according to the invention is that the alternating electric field acts on the portion ("in-phase portion") of the polarized liquid and / or the induced space charges that is temporally "in phase” with the alternating field.
  • a fourth significant advantage of the pump according to the invention is that due to the stationary and time-independent field gradients on objects located in the region of the field gradient - such as particles, bacteria, viruses, other cells, gas bubbles, especially air bubbles - forces can be exerted which counteract the pumping direction. Under certain circumstances, this presupposes the choice of a suitable frequency of the alternating field. At a suitable frequency of the alternating field, the liquid is then freed from the abovementioned objects, preferably from gas or air bubbles, by these objects are prevented from flowing through the pump in the pumping direction.
  • a particularly good pumping action is achieved according to an advantageous embodiment of the pump, when the electrical element is arranged and configured such that the field strength of the alternating electric field increases in the pumping direction.
  • the dielectric element can also be arranged and configured such that the field strength of the alternating electric field drops in the pumping direction.
  • the at least one pumping chamber has at least one outflow and at least one inflow opening.
  • a particularly large pumping force and thus a particularly large pumping action is advantageously achieved when the dielectric element and / or the electrode device are arranged and configured such that the field profile of the alternating electric field and / or the flow path of the liquid in the region between the inflow opening and the Outflow opening is wedge-shaped.
  • the wedge-shaped field course and / or the wedge-shaped flow course of the liquid can preferably be wedge-shaped or wedge-shaped in a straight line in a wedge shape.
  • the alternating electric field may, for example, have a sinusoidal or rectangular time characteristic and / or be generated continuously or pulsed.
  • a significant spectral energy portion of the alternating electric field - preferably at least 50% of the energy of the alternating field - above the Dispersion frequency of the electric double-layer phenomena of each liquid to be pumped.
  • the frequency of the alternating electric field is above 200 Hz.
  • the pumping direction is set by selecting the frequency of the alternating field.
  • the pumping effect in the pump according to the invention is based on a local heating of the liquid due to a partial absorption of the alternating electric field in the liquid.
  • heating elements in particular heating wires, radiant heaters or electronic components, are present, with which causes a locally uneven heating of the liquid to be pumped or even amplified.
  • the frequency of the alternating electric field is an electrical resonance frequency of the pump.
  • the resonant frequency of the pump is dependent, for example, on the properties of the electrodes, the electrical supply lines, the dielectric properties of the pumping medium and possibly on additional electrical and / or electronic components.
  • the dielectric element of the pump may preferably be designed in the form of one or more webs, each having at least one opening which forms the discharge opening of the pump.
  • a drainage channel can be connected to the discharge opening of the pumping chamber, in which the liquid pumped out by the pump is received.
  • the flow direction in the outflow channel can be aligned substantially perpendicular to the pumping direction in the pumping chamber in order to ensure a particularly compact construction of the pump and the discharge channel connected thereto.
  • the electrode device may be formed by two electrode plates which are opposite to each other.
  • a particularly compact construction with simultaneously high pumping power can be achieved preferably when the electrode plates are curved and opposite to each other with their concave surfaces.
  • the electrode plates may alternatively be arranged in parallel.
  • a particularly large pumping action is advantageously achieved in the pump when at least one electrode of the electrode device is arranged in the region of the outflow opening of the pumping chamber.
  • the electrode arranged in the region of the outflow opening can, for example, be of annular design and enclose the outflow opening in an annular manner.
  • one of the electrodes of the electrode device is formed by an electrode rod which is arranged perpendicular to the electrode surface of a counter electrode assigned to it.
  • the pump can advantageously have at least two pumping chambers, which communicate with their discharge opening in each case with the same outflow channel.
  • the pump is thus achieved a particularly large pump power due to a "parallel circuit" of pumping chambers.
  • the pumping pressure of the pump can be increased by the pump is equipped with at least two pumping chambers, which are arranged one after the other in the pumping direction. Due to such a "series connection" of pumping chambers, the flow velocity of the liquid to be pumped under load can be increased and thus increase the "pumping pressure" of the pump.
  • the pump is equipped with a plurality of pumping chambers, which are arranged in a matrix.
  • a matrix-like arrangement of pumping chambers or a "pump matrix” is understood to mean that at least two pumping chambers are arranged “in parallel” and at least two pumping chambers are arranged in "row”.
  • the arrangement of the pumping chambers can take place in one or more planes or in a spatial structure.
  • the invention also relates to a method for pumping a liquid in which an alternating electric field is formed and influenced by at least one dielectric element, wherein the pumping force required for pumping the liquid is generated by means of the alternating electric field.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a method for pumping a liquid, in which a particularly large pump power can be achieved.
  • This object is achieved according to the invention in that with the dielectric element the alternating electric field is influenced in such a way that a stationary and time-independent field strength gradient arises in the pumping chamber.
  • the pumping method according to the invention can be advantageously used to free a liquid from interfering objects such as particles, bacteria, viruses, other cells, gas and / or air bubbles.
  • the frequency of the alternating field is selected such that the objects contained in the liquid (or object types or object types) experience a force opposite to the pumping force ("negative" dielectrophoretic force).
  • FIG. 1 a shows a first exemplary embodiment of a pump 1-for example a micropump-with chamber walls 5.
  • a pumping chamber 10 in which a electrically, for example, weakly conductive liquid 20 having a conductivity is preferably contained in a range between 1 ⁇ S / m to 10 S / m.
  • the liquid 20 may also be a nonconductive liquid such as alcohol.
  • the pumping chamber 10 has an inflow opening 30 and an outflow opening 40. Through the inflow opening 30, the weakly conductive liquid 20 is introduced into the pumping chamber 10; through the discharge opening 40, the liquid 20 leaves the pumping chamber 10. At the discharge opening 40, a discharge channel 50 is connected, through which the liquid 20 pumped out from the pumping chamber 10 reaches a further discharge opening 60.
  • the pumping chamber 10 is equipped with an electrode device formed by a first electrode 70 and a second electrode 80.
  • the two electrodes 70 and 80 are each electrode plates which are arranged parallel to each other and in each case abut against the chamber walls 5 of the pumping chamber 10.
  • a dielectric element 90 in the form of a web is arranged in the pumping chamber 10.
  • This web 90 has an opening or a web opening 100, which has a constant diameter.
  • the web 90 is made of a solid material with dielectric properties that differ from the properties of the liquids 20 to be pumped.
  • the values of the conductivity and the permittivity of the dielectric ridge 90 are each less than the corresponding values of the weakly conducting liquid 20.
  • the pump according to FIG. 1a is operated as follows.
  • an alternating electric field with a predetermined frequency is applied.
  • the frequency is at least 200 Hz.
  • the upper limit frequency, that of the alternating electric field not should be exceeded, is dependent on the electrical conductivity of the liquid to be pumped 20.
  • the upper limit frequency can be read off, for example, in the diagram in Figure 11.
  • the resulting pumping speed is shown in ⁇ m / s as a function of the frequency of the alternating electric field.
  • the frequency axis has in the diagram according to the figure 11 while a logarithmic division. It can be seen from the diagram according to FIG. 11 that the pumping speed is virtually constant at low frequencies and drops significantly only after reaching a cutoff frequency.
  • the cutoff frequency is dependent on the electrical conductivity of the weakly conductive liquid 20. The higher the conductivity of the liquid 20, the greater the limit frequencies can be achieved.
  • the field profile of the alternating electric field applied to the two electrodes 70 and 80 is indicated by equipotential lines 110 in FIG. 1a.
  • the equipotential lines 110 represent the potential curve of the alternating electric field.
  • the alternating electric field has a stationary and time-independent field gradient within the pumping chamber 10.
  • the field strength increases in the direction of the web opening 100 and thus in the pumping 120 strong.
  • this field gradient or due to the increase in the field strength in the direction of the web opening 100, there is a location-dependent distribution of the temperature in the liquid 20 within the pumping chamber 10.
  • this energy absorption there is a heating of the liquid 20, wherein the heating due to the Field gradient within the pumping chamber 10 is location-dependent.
  • the temperature of the liquid 20 increases significantly in the pumping direction 120.
  • an alternating electric field is likewise arranged in the outflow channel 50.
  • the field profile of this alternating electric field also has a field gradient which is oriented in the direction of the web opening 100. Due to this field distribution of the alternating electric field in the discharge channel 50, a certain pumping force is produced, which opposes the pumping direction 120; In concrete terms, liquid 20 is pumped back from outlet channel 50 in the direction of web 100, as it were.
  • the field gradient in the pumping chamber 10 in the web opening direction is greater than the field gradient of the alternating electric field in the outflow channel 50 in FIG Direction to the bridge opening 100, so that the pumping action along the pumping direction 120 overall predominates and the liquid 20 is pumped from the pumping chamber 10 in the direction of the discharge channel 50. If, as is not the case here, the distance between the one electrode 70 and the web 90 would be the same as the distance between the second electrode 80 and the web 90, then in the embodiment according to FIG that the pump altogether would not work.
  • FIG. 1b shows a cross section of the pump according to FIG. 1a along the section AA. It can be seen the two electrodes 70 and 80, between which the pumping chamber 10, the dielectric ridge 90 and the discharge channel 50 are arranged.
  • the pumping action in the pumping chamber according to FIGS. 1 a and 1 b can furthermore be increased and / or changed in the pumping direction if there are additional particles or cells (objects) in the liquid 20 to which a dielectrophoretic force is exerted and which therefore move along the field gradient within the pumping chamber and also entrain the liquid 20.
  • the pumping action can be increased within the pumping chamber 10 when heating or cooling elements are arranged on or in the pumping chamber, with which the local temperature distribution caused by the field strength gradient within the pumping chamber 10 is enhanced; because the pumping action of the pumping chamber 10 according to FIGS. 1a and 1b is based on the fact that there is a location-dependent temperature profile within the pumping chamber, which leads to inhomogeneous dielectric properties of the liquid 20 and induces space charges, which interact with the pump alternating electric field and exert a pumping force on the liquid 20.
  • FIGS. 2a and 2b show a second exemplary embodiment of a pump. It can be seen in FIG. 2 a that the dielectric element 90 has an opening 100 that is wedge-shaped. The wedge-shaped course of the opening 100 is designed in a straight line wedge-shaped.
  • the field gradient of the alternating electric field is stationary and time-independent and increases in the pumping direction 120 and thus in the direction of the web opening 100.
  • the lower end of the web opening 100 in FIG. 2a forms the discharge opening 40 of the pumping chamber 10.
  • the outflow channel 50 which communicates with the further outflow opening 60 of the pump 1, adjoins this outflow opening 40.
  • an (undesired) field gradient in the direction of the web opening 100 and thus a pumping action that opposes the pumping direction 120 of the pumping chamber 10 occur in the outflow channel 50. Due to the wedge-shaped course of the web opening 100 of the dielectric element 90, however, there is a preferred direction, so that the liquid 20 is pumped as a result along the pumping direction 120.
  • FIG. 2b shows the pump according to FIG. 2a in cross section along section AA. 2b shows the pumping chamber 10, the dielectric element 90 and the drainage channel 50.
  • FIGS. 3a and 3b show a third exemplary embodiment of a pump.
  • the dielectric ridge 90 is wedge-shaped Bar opening 100 provided, which forms the drain opening 40 of the pumping chamber 10.
  • a drainage channel 50 in turn adjoins the web opening 40, through which the liquid pumped out of the pumping chamber 10 through the web opening 100 along the pumping direction 120 reaches the further outflow opening 60.
  • the further electrode 80 is not formed by an electrode plate which is parallel to the first electrode plate 70. Rather, the second electrode plate 80 is an electrode rod or an electrode plate which is preferably perpendicular to the first electrode plate 70.
  • a stationary and time-independent field gradient occurs within the pumping chamber 10 with a field gradient rising in the pumping direction 120, thereby forming a rising temperature in the direction of the web opening 100. Due to the rising temperature curve, there is an increasing polarization in the direction of the web opening 100, which overlaps with the alternating electric field rising in the direction of web opening 100 and thus leads to the pumping force. As a result of this pumping force, the liquid 20 is pumped through the web opening 100 into the outflow channel 50 and thus to the further outflow opening 60.
  • FIG. 3b shows a cross section through the pump according to FIG. 3a. It can be seen the drainage channel 50 with the second electrode 80, which is formed by a kind of bead on the chamber bottom of the pump.
  • FIGS. 4a and 4b show a fourth exemplary embodiment of a pump. It can be seen the chamber walls 5 of the pump 1, a first plate-shaped electrode 70 and a quasi "punctiform" second electrode 80, which is opposite to the first electrode 70.
  • the pump has an inflow opening 30, which is opposite to the outflow opening 40.
  • An outflow channel as was present in the exemplary embodiments according to FIGS. 1 to 3, is missing in the exemplary embodiment according to FIGS. 4a and 4b.
  • the pump 1 has a dielectric element 90, which is formed by two triangular parts 90 'and 90 "in the plan view according to FIG. 4a. Due to the - in plan view - triangular shape design of the two parts 90 'and 90' 'of the dielectric member 90, the pumping chamber 10 has a funnel-shaped in plan view, which opens to the drain opening 40 out.
  • FIG. 4b shows the pumping chamber according to FIG. 4a along the section AA. It can be seen in FIG. 4 a that the two electrodes 70 and 80 are formed by elements attached to one of the chamber walls 5 of FIG
  • FIGS. 5a and 5b show a fifth exemplary embodiment of a pump 1.
  • the pump 1 has two pumping chambers 10 'and 10' ', which are each equipped with an inflow opening 30' or 30 ''.
  • the two pumping chambers 10 'and 10' ' share a common drainage port 40 through which they each pump out the liquid 20 from its chamber.
  • the pumping force required to pump along the two pumping directions 120 'and 120 ", respectively, is generated by an alternating electric field caused by a first electrode 70 and a second electrode 80.
  • the two electrodes 70 and 80 are formed by two curved electrode plates, which face each other with their concave surfaces.
  • the pump 1 is equipped with two dielectric elements 90 'and 90 "which each have a semicircular shape in the plan view shown in Figure 5a, because of the two dielectric elements 90' and 90" in each of the two pumping chambers 10 'and 10' 'to a field gradient along the pumping direction 120' or 120 ", through which the liquid 20 is pumped out in the direction of the discharge opening 40 from the two pumping chambers.
  • FIG. 5b shows the pumping chamber according to FIG. 5a in a cross section along the section line AA. It can be seen the upper inlet opening 30 ', the drain opening 40, the dielectric element 90 '' and the two pumping chambers 10 'and 10''.
  • a sixth embodiment of a pump 1 is shown.
  • the sixth embodiment differs from the fifth embodiment in the configuration of the electrode device and the dielectric elements.
  • the sixth embodiment includes a third electrode 200 disposed in the center of a drainage channel 50.
  • dielectric elements 90 ', 90 ", 91' and 91" are arranged, which are quarter-circle-shaped in plan view.
  • two pumping chambers 10 'and 10' ' are formed, which are connected with their respective outflow opening 40' or 40 '' respectively to the outflow channel 50.
  • the two electrodes 70 and 80 are connected in parallel and thus acted upon by the same potential.
  • the counter electrode to the two electrodes 70 and 80 thus forms the third electrode 200.
  • FIG. 6b the pump according to FIG. 6a is again shown in a section along the section line AA. you detects the upper inflow port 30 ', the upper pumping chamber 10', the quarter-circular dielectric member 90 ', the drainage channel 50 with the third electrode 200, the quarter-circular dielectric member 91''and the lower pumping chamber 10''of the pump 1. In addition the chamber walls 5 of the pumping chamber 1 can be seen.
  • FIGs 7a and 7b a seventh embodiment of a pump is shown. It can be seen an upper pumping chamber 10 'with dielectric elements 90' and 90 '', which form a wedge-shaped drain opening 40 'of the pumping chamber 10'. In addition, one recognizes a lower pumping chamber 10 '' with dielectric elements 91 'and 91' ', which form a drain opening 40' '. The two outflow openings 40 'and 40 "are in communication with a discharge channel 50, which has a further discharge opening 60.
  • the pump according to FIG. 7 a is equipped with a planar electrode plate 70, which lies opposite a second planar electrode plate 80. Between the two electrode plates 70 and 80, a third electrode plate 200 is located, which is located in the middle of the drainage channel 50.
  • the two electrodes 70 and 80 are connected in parallel and supplied with the same potential.
  • the counter electrode is formed by the third electrode 200, which is applied with such a potential that an alternating electric field is formed between the first electrode 70 and the third electrode 200 and an alternating field between the second electrode 80 and the third electrode 200.
  • the two pumping chambers each have an inflow opening 30' and 30".
  • FIG. 7b the pumping chamber according to FIG. 7a is again shown in section along the line AA.
  • the second electrode 80, the lower pumping chamber 10 ", the dielectric element 91 ', the outflow channel 50, the third electrode 200, the dielectric element 90', the upper pumping chamber 10 'and the first electrode 70 can be seen.
  • the chamber walls 5 of the pump 1 are shown in FIG. 7b.
  • FIGS. 8a and 8b show an eighth exemplary embodiment of a pump. It can be seen two pumping chambers 10 'and 10' ', which are connected in "parallel". Both pumping chambers 10 'and 10 "pump the liquid 20 entering the two pumping chambers 10' and 10" at the inflow opening 30 in the direction of their respective outflow openings 40 'or 40 “and thus into the two outflow openings 40'. and 40 '' connected drainage channel 50. From the discharge channel 50, the liquid 20 then passes to the further outflow opening 60, through which the liquid emerges from the pump 1.
  • the pump 1 is equipped with dielectric elements 90 ', 90''and90''', which for the two drainage openings 40 ' and 40 "each form a wedge-shaped drainage opening. Due to the configuration of the three dielectric elements 90 ', 90''and90''', a field profile of the alternating electric field forms within the two pump chambers 10 'and 10'', which is aligned in pumping direction 120' or 120 ''.
  • FIG. 8b shows the pump according to FIG. 8a in cross section.
  • FIGS. 9a and 9b show a ninth exemplary embodiment of a pump 1. It can be seen an upper pumping chamber 10 ', which is connected to a lower pumping chamber 10''in"row".
  • the liquid pumped into the upper pumping chamber 10 'through the inlet 30 of the pump 1 passes from the upper pumping chamber 10' through the discharge opening 40 'of the upper pumping chamber 10' to the lower pumping chamber 10 ''; from there, the liquid is pumped to the discharge opening 40 "of the lower pumping chamber 10".
  • the discharge opening 40 "simultaneously forms the outflow opening of the pumping chamber 1.
  • the pumping chamber 10 ' has electrodes 70 and 80 for generating the alternating electric field.
  • the electrode 80 simultaneously belongs to the second pumping chamber 10 '' and additionally cooperates with the third electrode 200 of the lower pumping chamber 10 ''.
  • the ninth embodiment is shown again in cross section.
  • FIGS. 10a to 10c show a tenth exemplary embodiment of a pump.
  • This pump has two pumping chambers 10 'and 10' ', the pumping directions of which are represented by the arrows 120' and 120 ''.
  • FIG. 10 a (top view) shows the electric field lines of the alternating electric field prevailing inside the pump and the equipotential lines 110.
  • the electric field strength is marked in a vector representation with vector arrows E.
  • the upper electrode 70 in FIG. 10a has a potential of 33V.
  • a voltage of 0 V is applied.
  • the field course was simulated with a simulation program.
  • the liquid 20 (in the present case water) is pumped in a circle. Specifically, the liquid 20 is pumped down along the direction of arrow 120 'from the right pumping chamber 10', from where the liquid then passes to the left pumping chamber 10 ". The left 10 "pumps the liquid 20 upwards again along the direction of the arrow 120" and thus to the right pumping chamber 10 '.
  • FIG. 10b shows the pump according to FIG. 10a in plan view
  • FIG. 10c shows the pump in side view.
  • the lengths are each in microns.
  • FIG. 10c in the figure 10c can be seen two filling nozzle 300, with which the liquid 20 in the two pumping chambers 10 'and 10' 'can be filled.
  • a coaxial conductor 310 is shown with which the alternating electric field can be applied to the pump.
  • a cover glass 320 can be seen in FIG. 10c, which closes the pump upwards.
  • the pump 1 for example, on a glass plate, a silicon wafer or a polymer wafer as a base plate, are applied to the glass layers as chamber wall material and dielectric web elements.
  • electrode connection material for the connection of the coaxial conductor 310 to the pump for example, a platinum wire with a diameter of 0.2 mm can be used.
  • the pump 1 according to FIGS. 10a to 10c forms an electrical capacitor with a capacity of approximately 190 nF.
  • alternating voltages with a frequency between 1 Hz to 52 MHz are particularly suitable.
  • the pumping behavior of the pump according to FIGS. 10a to 10c corresponds to the diagram according to FIG. 11, which has already been explained in detail above.
  • the velocities of liquids (solutions) with different conductivities are plotted as a function of the frequency of the applied alternating field at an alternating voltage of 33 V.
  • the flow rate of the liquid 20 was always measured in the narrowest region of the funnel-shaped openings 40 'or 40' '.
  • chamber wall material for example, glass can be used in the pumps explained in connection with FIGS. 1 to 10. Glass is also suitable as a material for the dielectric elements.
  • the pumping direction u. U. "reversed" by the frequency of the applied alternating field is changed.
  • a pumping direction can therefore also be set which is opposite to the pumping directions 120, 120 'or 120 "shown in the figures.
  • the pumping direction explained in connection with FIGS. 1 to 10 is therefore to be understood only as an example.
  • the pumping direction depends on the material parameters of the respective liquid and on the frequency of the applied alternating field.

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  • Reciprocating Pumps (AREA)

Claims (30)

  1. Pompe (1) avec au moins une chambre de pompe (10, 10', 10") pour pomper un liquide (20) avec un dispositif d'électrodes (70, 80, 200) pour générer un champ électrique alternatif (110) et avec au moins un élément diélectrique (90, 90', 90", 91', 91") pour influencer la continuité du champ électrique alternatif, moyennant quoi la force de pompage requise pour pomper le liquide (20) est générée par le champ électrique alternatif, caractérisée en ce que l'élément diélectrique (90, 90', 90", 91', 91") est disposé et conçu de telle sorte que le champ électrique alternatif (110) présente un gradient de champ fixe et indépendant du temps dans la chambre de pompe (10, 10', 10") dans le sens de pompage (120, 120', 120").
  2. Pompe (1) selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que l'élément diélectrique (90, 90', 90", 91', 91") est disposé et conçu de telle sorte que l'intensité du champ électrique alternatif (110) dans le sens de pompage (120, 120', 120") augmente.
  3. Pompe selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que l'élément diélectrique (90, 90', 90", 91', 91") est disposé et conçu de telle sorte que l'intensité du champ électrique alternatif dans le sens de pompage (120, 120', 120") diminue.
  4. Pompe selon la revendication 1, 2 ou 3, caractérisée en ce qu'au moins une chambre de pompe (10, 10', 10") présente au moins un orifice d'écoulement (40, 40', 40") et un orifice d'arrivée (30, 30', 30").
  5. Pompe selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que l'élément diélectrique et/ou le dispositif d'électrodes est disposé et conçu de telle sorte que la continuité du champ électrique alternatif (110) et/ou la course du flux du liquide (20) est cunéiforme dans la zone comprise entre l'orifice d'arrivée (30) et l'orifice d'écoulement (40).
  6. Pompe selon la revendication 5, caractérisée en ce que la continuité du champ (110) cunéiforme et/ou la course du flux cunéiforme du liquide (20) est formée de façon cunéiforme graduée ou curviligne.
  7. Pompe selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que le champ électrique alternatif (110) présente une course temporelle sinusoïdale ou à angle droit et/ou est générée de façon continue ou pulsée.
  8. Pompe selon la revendication 7, caractérisée en ce qu'une proportion d'énergie essentiellement spectrale du champ électrique alternatif, de préférence au moins 50% de l'énergie du champ alternatif, se situe au-dessus de la fréquence de dispersion du phénomène à couche double du liquide, de préférence au-dessus de 200 Hz.
  9. Pompe selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que le sens de pompage (120, 120', 120") est déterminé par le choix de la fréquence du champ alternatif.
  10. Pompe selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce qu'il existe des éléments de chauffage supplémentaires, plus particulièrement des fils de chauffage, des radiateurs thermiques ou des éléments électroniques avec lesquels un réchauffement local inégal du liquide à pomper est effectué.
  11. Pompe selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que la fréquence du champ électrique alternatif est une fréquence de résonance électrique de la pompe.
  12. Pompe selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que l'élément diélectrique est réalisé sous forme d'une ou plusieurs traverses, lesquelles présentent respectivement au moins un passage qui forme l'orifice d'écoulement.
  13. Pompe selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce qu'un canal d'écoulement (50) est raccordé à l'orifice d'écoulement de la chambre de pompe.
  14. Pompe selon la revendication 13, caractérisée en ce que le sens du flux dans le canal d'écoulement (50) est orienté essentiellement de façon verticale par rapport au sens de pompage dans la chambre de pompe.
  15. Pompe selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que le dispositif d'électrodes présente deux plaques d'électrode qui sont opposées l'une par rapport à l'autre.
  16. Pompe selon la revendication 15, caractérisée en ce que les plaques d'électrode (70, 80) sont courbées et sont opposées l'une à l'autre avec leur surface concave.
  17. Pompe selon la revendication 15, caractérisée en ce que les plaques d'électrode (70, 80) sont principalement parallèles.
  18. Pompe selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce qu'au moins une électrode du dispositif d'électrodes est disposée dans la zone de l'orifice d'écoulement de la chambre de pompe.
  19. Pompe selon la revendication 18, caractérisée en ce qu'une électrode entoure l'orifice d'écoulement de façon circulaire.
  20. Pompe selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce qu'une des électrodes du dispositif d'électrodes est formée par une tige d'électrode, laquelle est disposée de façon verticale par rapport à la surface d'électrode d'une contre-électrode qui lui est affectée.
  21. Pompe selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que la pompe présente au moins deux chambres de pompe (10', 10"), dont les orifices d'écoulement (40', 40") sont respectivement en contact avec le même canal d'écoulement (50).
  22. Pompe selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que la pompe présente au moins deux chambres de pompe (10', 10"), lesquelles sont disposées l'une après l'autre dans le sens de pompage.
  23. Pompe selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que la pompe est pourvue de plusieurs chambres de pompe, qui sont disposées sous forme de matrice.
  24. Procédé de pompage d'un liquide, pour lequel un champ électrique alternatif est formé et influencé avec au moins un élément diélectrique, moyennant quoi la force de pompage requise pour pomper le liquide est générée à l'aide du champ électrique alternatif, caractérisé en ce que le champ électrique alternatif avec l'élément diélectrique est influencé de telle sorte qu'un gradient de champ fixe et indépendant du temps a lieu dans la chambre de pompe.
  25. Procédé selon la revendication 24, caractérisé en ce que le champ électrique alternatif présente une course temporelle sinusoïdale ou à angle droit.
  26. Procédé selon la revendication 24 ou 25, caractérisé en ce que le champ électrique alternatif est généré de façon continue ou pulsée.
  27. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes 24 à 26, caractérisé en ce que le sens de pompage est défini dans ou à l'opposé du gradient de l'intensité du champ par le choix de la fréquence du champ alternatif.
  28. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 24 à 27, caractérisé en ce que la fréquence du champ alternatif est sélectionnée en tenant compte de la conductibilité du liquide à pomper.
  29. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes 24 à 28, caractérisé en ce qu'avec au moins un élément de chauffage supplémentaire, plus particulièrement un fil de chauffage, un radiateur thermique ou un élément électronique, un réchauffement local inégal du liquide à pomper est effectué.
  30. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes 24 à 29, caractérisé en ce que la fréquence du champ alternatif est sélectionnée de telle sorte que les objets contenus dans le liquide (20) d'une force opposée à la force de pompage agissant sur le liquide (20) sont arrêtés.
EP04738826A 2003-06-27 2004-06-24 Pompe comportant au moins une chambre de pompe et des electrodes destinees a produire un champ electrique alternatif Expired - Lifetime EP1646789B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10329979A DE10329979A1 (de) 2003-06-27 2003-06-27 Pumpe mit mindestens einer Pumpkammer
PCT/DE2004/001380 WO2005001286A1 (fr) 2003-06-27 2004-06-24 Pompe comportant au moins une chambre de pompe et des electrodes destinees a produire un champ electrique alternatif

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1646789A1 EP1646789A1 (fr) 2006-04-19
EP1646789B1 true EP1646789B1 (fr) 2006-12-27

Family

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Family Applications (1)

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EP04738826A Expired - Lifetime EP1646789B1 (fr) 2003-06-27 2004-06-24 Pompe comportant au moins une chambre de pompe et des electrodes destinees a produire un champ electrique alternatif

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Country Link
EP (1) EP1646789B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE349615T1 (fr)
DE (2) DE10329979A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2005001286A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102006009424A1 (de) * 2006-02-24 2007-09-06 Universität Rostock Elektrohydrodynamische Mikropumpe und deren Verwendung
CA2964674A1 (fr) 2006-09-28 2008-03-28 Smith & Nephew, Inc. Systeme portatif pour therapie de blessures
US9427505B2 (en) 2012-05-15 2016-08-30 Smith & Nephew Plc Negative pressure wound therapy apparatus
CN107708758B (zh) 2014-12-22 2021-06-08 史密夫及内修公开有限公司 负压伤口治疗装置和方法

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4203398A (en) * 1976-05-08 1980-05-20 Nissan Motor Company, Limited Electrostatic apparatus for controlling flow rate of liquid
DE3925749C1 (fr) * 1989-08-03 1990-10-31 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft Zur Foerderung Der Angewandten Forschung Ev, 8000 Muenchen, De
DE4117914A1 (de) * 1991-05-31 1992-12-03 Fraunhofer Ges Forschung Mikrominiaturisierte elektrostatische pumpe
DE4223019C1 (de) * 1992-07-13 1993-11-18 Fraunhofer Ges Forschung Ventillose Mikropumpe
US5964997A (en) * 1997-03-21 1999-10-12 Sarnoff Corporation Balanced asymmetric electronic pulse patterns for operating electrode-based pumps
FR2794039B1 (fr) * 1999-05-27 2002-05-03 Osmooze Sa Dispositif de formation, de deplacement et de diffusion de petites quantites calibrees de liquides
US6287440B1 (en) * 1999-06-18 2001-09-11 Sandia Corporation Method for eliminating gas blocking in electrokinetic pumping systems
DE10103399A1 (de) * 2001-01-26 2002-08-22 Bosch Gmbh Robert Mikromechanisches Bauelement und entsprechendes Herstellungsverfahren

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE349615T1 (de) 2007-01-15
DE10329979A1 (de) 2005-01-20
WO2005001286A1 (fr) 2005-01-06
DE502004002473D1 (de) 2007-02-08
EP1646789A1 (fr) 2006-04-19

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