EP1631780A2 - Verfahren zur bestimmung von wärmeprofilen von eine kryoanlage verlassenden nahrungsmittelprodukten und entsprechende kühlanlage - Google Patents

Verfahren zur bestimmung von wärmeprofilen von eine kryoanlage verlassenden nahrungsmittelprodukten und entsprechende kühlanlage

Info

Publication number
EP1631780A2
EP1631780A2 EP04742680A EP04742680A EP1631780A2 EP 1631780 A2 EP1631780 A2 EP 1631780A2 EP 04742680 A EP04742680 A EP 04742680A EP 04742680 A EP04742680 A EP 04742680A EP 1631780 A2 EP1631780 A2 EP 1631780A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
installation
operating parameters
parameters
articles
determining
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP04742680A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Bernard Delpuech
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude
Original Assignee
Air Liquide SA
LAir Liquide SA a Directoire et Conseil de Surveillance pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Air Liquide SA, LAir Liquide SA a Directoire et Conseil de Surveillance pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude filed Critical Air Liquide SA
Publication of EP1631780A2 publication Critical patent/EP1631780A2/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D29/00—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F25D29/001—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for cryogenic fluid systems
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D2500/00—Problems to be solved
    • F25D2500/04—Calculation of parameters

Definitions

  • a method for determining the thermal profiles of articles leaving a cryogenic cooling installation comprising:
  • the present invention relates to a method for determining (predicting) thermal profiles of products, especially food, at the outlet of cryogenic equipment and to a corresponding cooling installation.
  • the invention is particularly applicable to installations for freezing food articles.
  • Known installations for freezing food products include, for example, a cryogenic enclosure or tunnel, for freezing crossed right through by a belt conveyor on which are deposited articles to be frozen, the conveyor circulating continuously or sequentially through the freezing tunnel.
  • Such a cryogenic enclosure uses an inert fluid at low temperature which exchanges heat directly by contact with the articles to be frozen.
  • the fluid used as a cold vector is dry ice (-80 ° C), liquid air or liquid nitrogen (-196 ° C). Dry ice allows the transport of fresh or frozen products without fear of breaking the cold chain. Nitrogen and liquid air allow either individual freezing of food products, or the hardening of fragile, deformable or sticky products (such as ice cream ).
  • the set of operating parameters of the installations is commonly called a recipe and is defined experimentally.
  • a recipe includes the parameters for adjusting an installation for a given production as well as the variables characteristic of operation and in particular the outlet temperature of the articles.
  • the production rate which, for a given loading rate, implies a variation of time of stay in the enclosure
  • the flow of the fluid which acts on the 2 temperature profile
  • the entry temperature of the articles the convective profile of the enclosure
  • the loading rate the production rate which, for a given loading rate, implies a variation of time of stay in the enclosure
  • the system is therefore a multivariable system and the methods for determining existing parameters require complex calculations.
  • the methods for determining recipes generally include a step of automatically simulating the operation of the installation from the thermodynamic and physical characteristics of the enclosure and the articles and adjustment parameters to obtain a complete set of operating parameters including parameters. of adjustment and of the variables characteristic of the operation of the installation.
  • This simulation step is repeated manually by modifying some of the parameters empirically and according to the operator's experience, in order to define one or more operating recipes which will then be validated and adjusted using tests and d 'destructive tests. It therefore appears that the recipes determined according to conventional determination methods require experienced operators and destructive tests.
  • the present invention aims to remedy these problems by proposing a method for determining (predicting) thermal profiles of products, in particular food products, at the outlet of cryogenic equipment.
  • the subject of the invention is a method for determining the thermal profiles of articles, in particular food, at the outlet of a cryogenic cooling installation, installation comprising a treatment enclosure through which said articles pass between an inlet and an outlet. and using a cooling fluid, this method comprising: - a step of determining a value and / or a range of validity values for operating parameters of the installation forming a modular set of operating parameters;
  • Said automatic repetition cycle includes a step of recording each complete set of operating parameters delivered by said simulation step, in a data structure, in order to form said operating mapping;
  • Said automatic repetition cycle comprises at each iteration, a step of automatic modification of one or more operating parameters of said modular set of operating parameters;
  • step of determining said modular assembly is adapted to automatically limit the importance of said ranges of validity values as a function of the material resources available for the implementation of said method; - it also includes:
  • step of determining said set of setpoints is suitable for the automatic determination of at least one setpoint from physical measurements
  • Said automatic comparison step comprises an interpolation between complete sets of operating parameters forming said mapping in order to deliver at least one complete set of operating parameters comprising said set of instructions;
  • It further includes a step of automatically determining a complete set of optimal operating parameters from the complete set or sets of operating parameters delivered by said automatic comparison step.
  • the invention also relates to an installation for the thermal cooling of articles comprising a treatment enclosure traversed by said articles between an inlet and an outlet and using a cooling fluid, comprising at least means for controlling its operation associated with data storage means, characterized in that said storage means comprise an operating map of said installation determined by a method as described above and in that said installation is suitable for the implementation of a method for determining operating parameters as described above.
  • - It further comprises means for measuring operating parameters allowing the determination of all or part of the set of instructions as determined during the implementation of the method; - It includes man-machine interface means allowing the determination of all or part of the set of instructions as determined during the implementation of the method.
  • - Fig.1 shows a block diagram illustrating a cooling installation
  • - Fig.2a is a flow diagram of a first part of the method of the invention.
  • - Fig.2b is a flow diagram of a second part of the method of the invention.
  • Figure 1 there is shown a conventional installation for processing food articles, for which operating parameters are determined by a method according to the invention.
  • This installation comprises a cryogenic enclosure or tunnel 2, of the conventional type, allowing the freezing of food articles A by bringing them into contact with a cryogenic fluid 4 conveyed by a supply line 5, from any source.
  • the enclosure 2 has the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped.
  • cryogenic fluid 4 used can be, for example, dry ice or liquid nitrogen and is injected at one or more places in the enclosure 2.
  • This enclosure 2 is associated with a conveyor 6 of the conventional type, allowing the introduction of the articles A into the enclosure 2 and their extraction and operating either sequentially or continuously.
  • the installation comprises means 10 for controlling its operation.
  • control module 12 for controlling the flow rate of the cryogenic fluid 4.
  • the control module 12 is constituted by solenoid valve systems or proportional valves of conventional type, arranged on the line 5 for supplying cryogenic fluid. 4.
  • the installation also comprises in the means 10 for controlling its operation, a module 14 of human-machine interface allowing the determination of operating parameters of the data storage means formed by a storage unit 15 , here of the hard disk type, and a correction module 16 connected to the sensors 8a and 8b, to the module 14 and to the unit 15. 6
  • the installation has several adjustment parameters, namely the temperature profile in the enclosure, the residence time of the items in enclosure 2 or the speed of unwinding of the conveyor 6, and the inlet temperature of items A.
  • the installation also comprises a gas ventilation system controlling the gas flows and the ventilation of the atmosphere of the enclosure 2 and the means 10 are adapted to control them.
  • the ventilation system is made up of specific fans enabling gas to speed up, fans controlling gas recirculation and a combination of fans and movable doors controlling the balance between the air inlets and the gas outlets.
  • the operating parameters also include parameters for adjusting the ventilation system, the control of intermediate partitions; etc.
  • the installation described also has variables characteristic of its operation such as the outlet temperature of the articles A at the heart and / or at the surface, the consumption of fluid 4 or even the enthalpy variation of the articles A.
  • This method firstly comprises a step 18 of determining a value and / or a range of validity values for operating parameters forming a modular set of operating parameters.
  • An operator can thus manually define validity ranges for some of the operating parameters of the installation forming the modular assembly.
  • this step allows you to manually define an initial temperature range for the articles A to be treated, ranging from + 90 ° C to -
  • a residence time of the articles A in the enclosure 2 ranging from 200 to 400 seconds and a loading rate of the conveyor belt
  • Step 18 also makes it possible to determine a step increment for scanning the ranges of validity of each parameter of the modular assembly.
  • the operating parameters for which a validity range is determined during step 18 may be parameters for adjusting the installation as well as variables characteristic of the operation and in particular the temperature of the articles A leaving the enclosure 2.
  • Some of the operating parameters of the installation are set automatically and are invariant, such as, for example, the operating parameters arising from the nature of the articles A and from the nature of the installation, for example the enthalpy capacity of the articles A, the dimensions of the enclosure 2, or even the nature of the cryogenic fluid 4 used.
  • step 18 is adapted to automatically limit the importance of the ranges of validity value, in order to limit the importance of the calculations to be performed.
  • this automatic limitation is performed as a function of the time available and the calculation speed of the processor implementing the method of the invention and of the modular assembly.
  • certain operating parameters can be fixed at an invariable value during this step 18.
  • the method then comprises a step 20 of simulating the operation of the installation on the basis of thermodynamic and physical characteristics of the enclosure 2 and of the articles A to be treated, and of adjustment parameters to obtain a complete set of operating parameters comprising parameters of adjustment and variables characteristic of the operation of the installation.
  • This step 20 implements, in known manner, numerical simulation calculations based in particular on modeling of the articles to be treated as well as of the treatment enclosure 2.
  • This step 20 is carried out by automatic computers such as computers, neural networks or the like.
  • this simulation step 20 delivers the temperature profile inside the enclosure 2, and from this, the thermal profile of the articles treated and therefore their surface temperature and their temperature at heart (we are therefore able to deduce from this all an average temperature within the products).
  • results delivered at the end of this simulation step 20 are recorded during a memorization step 22 in the form of a matrix or any other data structure, containing all of the operating parameters, ie parameters of characteristic operating settings and quantities.
  • the method then includes a step 24 of testing the operating parameters to see if all the combinations authorized for the modular assembly as determined during step 18, have been implemented.
  • the method then comprises a step 26 of modification in turn of one of the operating parameters, as a function of the increments and of the ranges of validity determined during the 'step 18.
  • the parameters are therefore modified successively, individually or in groups.
  • the method thus comprises a cycle 30 of automatic repetition of the simulation step 20 comprising the simulation steps 20, 22 of recording, 24 of testing and 26 of modification.
  • Cycle 30 makes it possible to automatically carry out step 20 of simulation for all the combinations of authorized values of operating parameters included in the modular assembly defined during step 18.
  • the automatic repeat cycle 30 is interrupted when the step
  • test step 24 detects that all the combinations have been implemented by the simulation step 20. For example, test step 24 detects that all the operating parameters of the modular assembly have been brought to their limit value.
  • All the complete sets of operating parameters obtained at the end of the automatic repeating cycle 30 are thus memorized 9 in a data structure and form an operating map listing a large number of operating points.
  • these steps are implemented when ordering an installation from the supplier so that the operating map is delivered at the same time as the thermal cooling installation.
  • the method as described therefore makes it possible to automatically obtain an operating map of an installation for a type of article so that an operator can easily determine manually the corrections to be made to a set of recycling parameters to adapt variations in operating conditions by consulting this mapping.
  • corrections can also be carried out automatically by means of a second part of the method described with reference to FIG. 2b.
  • This part of the method can be implemented directly after the part described with reference to FIG. 2a or even later, for example, during the operation of a thermal cooling installation requiring an adjustment of the operating parameters.
  • This second part of the method comprises a step 40 of determining a value and / or a range of set values for operating parameters of the installation forming a set of set points.
  • an operator manually defines values or range of set values for operating parameters of the installation such as for example the loading rate of the conveyor belt 6, or also the residence time. in enclosure 2.
  • an operator can in particular determine strict instructions for operating parameters which he does not wish 10 modify and wider ranges of values for operating parameters on which it wishes to intervene.
  • certain set values are determined by experimental measurements.
  • Infra-Red sensors make it possible to measure the initial temperature of the articles to be treated.
  • the method then comprises a step 42 of automatic comparison of the set of instructions defined during step 40 with the operating map delivered at the end of the automatic repetition cycle 30 to obtain one or more complete sets of operating parameters. including the set of instructions.
  • This step 42 of automatic comparison is based on a compilation of the data structure comprising the operational mapping from the set of instructions and is implemented by conventional means of processing databases such as computers, processors calculations and neural networks.
  • this step 42 comprises an interpolation between the matrices forming the operating mapping in order to arrive at a complete set of operating parameters comprising the set of instructions.
  • the method of the invention therefore delivers at the end of step 42 one or more sets of operating parameters comprising the set of instructions.
  • the method finally comprises a step 44 for automatically determining a set of optimum operating parameters from the set or sets of operating parameters delivered at the end of the comparison step 42.
  • this step 44 is adapted to take into account information on yield, cost or even energy consumption in order to determine whether one of the complete sets of operating parameters is advantageous compared to the others.
  • This second part of the method of the invention thus makes it possible to automatically determine a set of operating parameters making it possible to adapt to variations in operating conditions.
  • the operator can determine strict instructions on the temperature of entry and exit of articles and a larger set point on the flow rate of the fluid to be injected into the enclosure 2 so as to obtain at the end of step 42 and advantageously 44 a complete set of operating parameters comprising the inlet and outlet temperatures of the articles as specified and a fluid flow rate suitable for carrying out the treatment.
  • the method of the invention can be implemented by one or more computer programs or any other suitable software means executed by computers such as computers.
  • the method of the invention can be implemented by two different computer programs, a first program comprising code instructions adapted for the implementation of the first part of the method, as described with reference to FIG. 2a, comprising step 18 of determining the modular set of operating parameters and the repetition cycle 30 of step 20 of simulation.
  • a program makes it possible to automatically obtain an operating map as defined above.
  • a second computer program for determining operating parameters then includes code instructions suitable for implementing at least steps 40 of determining the set of instructions and 42 for automatically comparing the set of instructions with the mapping of operation in order to deliver one or more complete sets of operating parameters comprising the set of instructions.
  • this program also allows the implementation of step 44 defined above.
  • the method of the invention can be implemented by an installation for thermal cooling of articles, such as the installation described with reference to FIG. 1. 12
  • the unit 15 provides access to an operating map obtained using the method of the invention as described with reference to FIG. 2a, and being for example in the form of a database .
  • the man-machine interface module 14 allows the implementation of step 40 of determination of a set of instructions by an operator.
  • step 40 of determining a set of set points is also implemented by means of the sensors 8a and 8b which respectively deliver estimates of the inlet and outlet temperature of the articles A forming instructions.
  • the correction module 16 or even a computer program stored in a storage medium accessible thanks to the unit 15, is suitable for the implementation of step 42 of automatic comparison and advantageously of step 44 of automatic determination of '' a full set of optimal operating parameters.
  • the implementation of the method of the invention thus makes it possible to obtain at least one set of operating parameters comprising the set of instructions.
  • the correction module 16 compares this set of parameters with the parameters implemented on the installation in order to determine the corrections to be made in particular to the adjustment parameters of the installation.
  • corrections can be applied automatically by the module 16, in particular to the module 12 for controlling the flow of cryogenic fluid 4.
  • the installation comprising an operating map obtained thanks to the first part of the method of the invention and adapted for the implementation of the second part of the method of the invention, makes it possible to easily and automatically determine the corrections to make to the operating parameters of the installation to follow a set of instructions.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analyzing Materials Using Thermal Means (AREA)
  • Freezing, Cooling And Drying Of Foods (AREA)
EP04742680A 2003-05-26 2004-05-07 Verfahren zur bestimmung von wärmeprofilen von eine kryoanlage verlassenden nahrungsmittelprodukten und entsprechende kühlanlage Withdrawn EP1631780A2 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0306333A FR2855597B1 (fr) 2003-05-26 2003-05-26 Procede de determination de profiles thermiques de produits alimentaires en sortie d'equipement cryogenique et installation de refroidissement correspondante
PCT/FR2004/001122 WO2004106821A2 (fr) 2003-05-26 2004-05-07 Procede de determination de profiles thermiques de produits alimentaires en sortie d’equipement cryogenique et installation de refroidissement correspondante

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1631780A2 true EP1631780A2 (de) 2006-03-08

Family

ID=33427430

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP04742680A Withdrawn EP1631780A2 (de) 2003-05-26 2004-05-07 Verfahren zur bestimmung von wärmeprofilen von eine kryoanlage verlassenden nahrungsmittelprodukten und entsprechende kühlanlage

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US20070119192A1 (de)
EP (1) EP1631780A2 (de)
JP (1) JP2007504432A (de)
AU (1) AU2004243611A1 (de)
CA (1) CA2526263A1 (de)
FR (1) FR2855597B1 (de)
WO (1) WO2004106821A2 (de)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2998668A1 (de) * 2014-09-17 2016-03-23 Linde Aktiengesellschaft Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Aufbringen einer Wärmeübertragungssubstanz
US20170138661A1 (en) * 2015-11-17 2017-05-18 Michael D. Newman Self-adjusting cryogenic food freezer
FR3134879B1 (fr) * 2022-04-25 2024-04-26 Air Liquide Procédé et dispositif de conduite d’un tunnel cryogénique

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DD253938A1 (de) * 1986-11-27 1988-02-10 Forsch Rationalisierung Ogs Ma Verfahren und vorrichtung zur pasteurisation von lebensmitteln
US5486998A (en) * 1993-06-14 1996-01-23 Amax Coal West, Inc. Process stabilizing process controller
FR2760272B1 (fr) * 1997-03-03 1999-04-09 Air Liquide Installation de traitement d'articles comportant des moyens de caracterisation des articles
US6993418B2 (en) * 1999-03-16 2006-01-31 Sigma Systems Corporation Method and apparatus for latent temperature control for a device under test
US6357911B1 (en) * 1999-12-16 2002-03-19 The Boc Group, Inc. Method and apparatus for predicting the equalized temperature of a food product
FR2830608B1 (fr) * 2001-10-05 2003-12-12 Air Liquide Procede et installation de prediction de la temperature d'articles traversant une enceinte de refroidissement
FR2853404A1 (fr) * 2003-04-07 2004-10-08 Air Liquide Procede de determination de parametres de fonctionnement d'une installation comprenant une enceinte de refroidissement
US7515973B2 (en) * 2003-11-26 2009-04-07 Ge Medical Systems, Inc. Method and system for modeling of magnet cryogen cooler systems

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO2004106821A2 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2004106821A2 (fr) 2004-12-09
WO2004106821A3 (fr) 2005-02-17
FR2855597A1 (fr) 2004-12-03
WO2004106821A9 (fr) 2005-05-19
JP2007504432A (ja) 2007-03-01
AU2004243611A1 (en) 2004-12-09
FR2855597B1 (fr) 2005-07-08
CA2526263A1 (fr) 2004-12-09
US20070119192A1 (en) 2007-05-31

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