EP1631721A2

EP1631721A2 - Bearing and fixing device for a rail section and assembly of a switch or the like

Info

Publication number: EP1631721A2
Application number: EP04739388A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Fridbert Heinze
Original assignee: Voestalpine VAE GmbH; Voestalpine BWG GmbH; Butzbacher Weichenbau GmbH
Current assignee: Voestalpine Railway Systems GmbH; Voestalpine Turnout Technology Germany GmbH
Priority date: 2003-05-28
Filing date: 2004-05-27
Publication date: 2006-03-08
Also published as: WO2004106634B1; WO2004106634A3; WO2004106634A2

Abstract

The invention relates to a bearing for a rail section, comprising a support element that is connected to a base element (22), wherein the rail section is fixed to said support element, in addition to a first and a second elastic intermediate base element, wherein the intermediate base elements are pretensioned by means of at least one threaded bolt. The aim of the invention is to enable simple maintenance and trouble-free exchange of rail sections. This is achieved in that the rail section is a grooved profile; the support element has at least one recess extending on the side of the base, which is defined by a (first) contact surface for the first intermediate base element on the rail section side; the outer surfaces of the support element that extend on the rail section side are the (second) contact surface for the second intermediate base element and the first and second intermediate base elements and the support element are traversed by an opening that starts from the recess of the support element and that goes through the head of the rail section, the connecting element extending in said opening and being supported on the first intermediate base element and the head of the rail section.

Description

description

Storage and fastening for a rail section and installation of a switch or the like

The invention relates to a mounting for a rail section, in particular in a crossing or switch area, comprising a support element connected to a base on which the rail section is fastened, and a first and a second elastic intermediate layer with preferably different stiffnesses, the Intermediate layers can be pretensioned by means of at least one connecting element such as threaded bolts.

The invention also relates to a fastening for a rail section with a rail head and a support supporting the rail section, to which the rail section is connected via a fastening means.

Finally, the invention relates to a switch or crossing to be covered, in particular to a switch or crossing running in a street bed and its assembly.

From WO-A-199408093 a bearing for an upper component such as a Vignole rail is known, which is supported by a spring system composed of two elastic elements, the overall characteristic curve of which has a kinked curve in such a way that the characteristic curve rises steeply when the force is applied to the spring system and runs flat in the work area. For this purpose, the elastic elements are prestressed outside the rail in the area of ribbed plates to the required extent. Further known elastic bearings of rail sections, in which the characteristics of the spring systems run essentially linearly, are known from DE-A-30 33 607, FR-A-0 229 409 or DE-A-34 03 235.

The present invention is based on the problem of developing a mounting for a rail section of the type mentioned at the outset in such a way that it can also be covered. The possibility of simple maintenance and problem-free replacement of rail sections is to be made possible without the cover having to be removed. Furthermore, according to a further aspect of the invention, it should be possible to achieve good sound insulation.

The problem or partial aspects of this are essentially solved in that the rail section is a grooved profile, that the base element has at least one recess on the base side, which is delimited on the rail section side by a (first) contact surface for the first intermediate layer, that outer surface of the base element extending on the rail portion side (Second) contact surface for the second intermediate layer and that the first and the second intermediate layer are penetrated by an opening extending from the recess of the support element and penetrating the head of the rail section, in which the connecting element runs, which is located both on the first intermediate layer and in or supported on the head of the rail section.

If necessary, a rigid or essentially rigid intermediate plate can be arranged between the second intermediate layer and the underside of the rail section. The connecting element can also be supported on a plate-shaped element running along the outside along the first intermediate layer. A related construction would also be understood to mean supporting the connecting element on the first intermediate layer.

In particular, it is provided that the second intermediate layer running on the rail section side is stiffer than the first intermediate layer running on the base side. For prestressing the intermediate layers, which are equivalent to spring elements, it is provided that the fastening element, which is preferably designed as a threaded bolt, is surrounded by a sleeve which penetrates both the first and the second elastic intermediate layer and the support element and, when the fastening element is tightened, is on the one hand on the underside of the rail profile section or the intermediate plate and on the other hand on a nut or an equivalent element of the fastening element such as a threaded bolt, between which and the first contact surface a section of the first intermediate layer extends. The sleeve penetrates the base element with play.

With the fastener fastened, the teaching according to the invention tensions the intermediate layers which are equivalent to elastic springs and are tensioned in such a way that, depending on the load on the bearing, the intermediate layers are preloaded to the desired extent or partially relieved.

This is due to the construction that, in the non-tightened state of the fastening element, the sleeve initially runs spaced apart both from the rail section or the intermediate plate and also from the nut or the element of the fastening element having the same effect, i. H. is slidable along the fastening element. The intermediate layers are not loaded in this state. When the fastening element is tightened, the softer intermediate layer is first deformed over a greater distance than the anticipated later depression compared to the first contact surface of the support element, which runs on the underlying side.

The final state of the tensioning to the first contact surface takes place in the equilibrium of the intermediate layers. The sleeve abuts the nut or the intermediate plate / underside of the rail section. If the rail section is loaded, the harder second intermediate layer running on the rail section side is recessed and the first intermediate layer is thus relieved. The reverse process occurs when the rail section is relieved. These measures enable the rail section to be elastically supported within a covering, the rail section being guided vertically via the fastening element. The elastic mounting thus prevents, among other things, a so-called rumble from different wear of the groove profile. The bearing according to the invention is provided in particular for flat groove profiles in which the wheel flange of a wheel rolls on the bottom of the profile or the groove.

The base element itself has, in particular, a cuboid base section which provides the first and second contact surfaces for the first and second elastic intermediate layers. The base section is then supported on the base via foot-like sections and in particular welded to it. Thus, between two foot sections, free space forms the recess within which the element securing the fastening element runs like the nut.

Since the rail section or the grooved profile is fastened to the base element by means of fastening elements passing through its head, loosening or fastening is possible without having to tear open the covering like a street bed.

In particular, it is provided that the groove profile is a special profile such that it is embodied without a foot or a chamber, that is to say it is essentially a cuboid with a groove running along its top. There are consequently no structural cavities on the side, so that lateral fenders can be arranged directly along side surfaces of the rail section. This largely prevents dirt from entering between the groove profile and the mudguard. In addition, insulation can be introduced in the space between the mudguard and the side surface of the groove profile, which leads to noise and dirt protection. The insulation can be an elastic side seal.

Regarding the geometry of the profile in relation to its continuous flat or essentially continuous plane and perpendicular or substantially vertical Regarding the side surfaces spanned by the base, it should be noted that this is a self-inventing idea.

A fastening for a rail section with a rail head and a support supporting the rail section, with which the rail section is connected via a fastening means, is characterized in that the fastening means penetrates the rail section starting from its head. A space-saving fastening of the rail section is thus possible without additional space being required on the side.

The fastening means is in particular a threaded bolt that ends at one end in a recess in the rail section head. In particular, the bolt itself has a head which runs within the recess and can be supported at one step thereof.

In order to rule out that dirt deposits occur in the region of the rail section head, it is provided that the end of the bolt runs flush with the outer surface of the rail section head or is set back to the latter.

A switch or crossing area with covered, arranged on a base and connected to this rail sections, along the side surfaces of which there are mudguards that are connected to the base, is characterized in that the rail sections are supported by elastic intermediate layers on support points, which in turn are connected to the base that the elastic intermediate layers each run exclusively or essentially exclusively within the vertical projection of the head of the supported rail section and that the mudguards are arranged directly along the side surfaces of the rail section without and / or footless. If necessary, insulation can be introduced in the space between the mudguard and the side surface. The support points are preferably screwed to the rail sections and / or the support points are welded to the base. Each base has two elastic intermediate layers, which form a coupled spring system.

According to the invention, a method for assembling a covered switch or crossing, in particular a switch or crossing running in a street bed, comprises the method steps:

Laying out base plates according to the course of the switch or crossing and connecting the base plates to each other,

Track sections of track according to the course of the switch or the crossing,

Connecting the rail sections with elastic support points,

Arranging the elastic support points with the rail sections on the base plates and connecting the support points with these and

Aligning and fastening protective plates running along the rail sections.

In particular, it is provided that the protective plates are placed on or aligned with the support points, that support straps are placed on the protective plates, these are then connected to the base plates, and finally the support straps are connected to the protective plates. The protective plates are connected to the support straps in particular by hole welding. The support points and / or the support straps should also be welded to the base plates.

The rail sections can be connected to the support points by means of threaded bolts passing through the rail section head, a chamberless and footless construction profile, in particular a, being used as the rail section Such that there are no constructive cavities on the side. In particular, the construction profile is a special groove or flat groove profile.

In order to prevent dirt from accumulating between the rail section and the protective plates and to avoid or reduce noise, it is furthermore provided that in the space between the protective plates and the former running directly along the rail sections or their side surfaces an insulation material is introduced.

Further details, advantages and features of the invention result not only from the claims, the features to be extracted from them — individually and / or in combination — but also from the following description of a preferred exemplary embodiment that can be found in the drawing.

Show it:

1 is a schematic diagram of parts of an intersection to explain an assembly process,

2 is a front view of an elastic base of a grooved rail in side view, partially broken away,

3 shows the base according to FIG. 2 in a front view, but without a grooved rail,

Fig. 4 shows a section of the base of FIG. 2 with an associated fender and

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram for explaining a mounting option of a fender with a document.

The teaching according to the invention is explained below on the basis of an intersection to be covered and a grooved rail special profile, without this resulting in a Restriction of the invention is to take place. Rather, the features which characterize the invention can also be applied to other superstructure components, in particular with regard to the design of the support points and the fastening of the rail sections, as will be explained in more detail below.

In order to an intersection consisting of grooved rail profiles 10 z. B. to arrange in a street bed, an existing plate 22 is composed of plates 12, 14, 16, 18, 20, which is positioned on a correspondingly prepared surface in the street bed. The plates 12, 14, 16, 18, 20 are aligned with one another in accordance with the geometry of the intersection and then welded. For fastening the individual plates 12, 14, 16, 18, 20 to a base such as a concrete support plate, holes are provided in the edge area, some of which are provided with the reference numerals 24, 26, 28 by way of example.

If the base 22 or its plates 12, 14, 16, 18, 20 are aligned with the course of the intersection, then rail sections 10 are designed in accordance with the track and connected to one another. Then the rail sections 10 are connected to elastic support points, which in turn are arranged on the base plates 12, 14, 16, 18, 20 and connected to them as welded. Corresponding reference points are identified purely by way of example with the reference numerals 30, 32, 34.

The supports 30, 32, 34 will be explained in more detail with reference to FIGS. 2 to 4. A corresponding support is identified in these with the reference symbol 40. The support 40 consists of a plate-shaped or parallelepiped-shaped base section 42 extending parallel to the base 22, which is supported on the base 22 by feet 44, 46, 48 extending from the corner regions thereof and is welded to the base 22 in particular.

A fastening element or nut 52, 54 extends between the projecting sections 50, designated as feet 44, 46, 48, namely between the feet 44, 48 extending from the narrow sides of the base section 42, in order to tighten the nut in the manner described below Rail section 10 not only to attach, but also to store elastic. The following measures are provided for this. In the area of the intermediate space 50 and above the nut 52, 54, a cutout 58 for receiving a first elastic intermediate layer 60 is worked out in the underside 56 of the base section 42 and thus runs between the nut 52 and the first contact surface 62 provided by the cutout 58.

The intermediate space 50 or a section thereof can simultaneously serve as an anti-rotation device for the nut 52, 54.

A second elastic intermediate layer 66 runs along the surface 64 of the base section 42, which, however, should be harder than the first elastic intermediate layer 60. Each intermediate layer 60, 66 thus forms a spring and the intermediate layers 60, 66 together form a spring system.

An intermediate plate 70, on which the rail section is supported with its underside 72, runs along the free outer surface, that is to say surface 68 of the second intermediate layer 66 on the rail section side. The intermediate plate 70 can extend partially recessed on the underside of the rail in order to form an air gap 73 which, in the event of subsequent repair welds in the area of the underside 72 of the rail section 10, leads to a reduction in the heat transfer in order to avoid negative effects on the intermediate layer 66.

Furthermore, a continuous recess extends through the first elastic intermediate layer 60, the base section 42, the second elastic intermediate layer 66, the intermediate plate 70 and the rail section 10 up to the top side 74 of the head. The corresponding recess or opening is provided with the reference symbol 76. As can be seen from the sectional representations according to FIGS. 2 and 5, the opening 76 is composed of several sections 75, 77, 79 of different cross-sections, which are penetrated by a threaded bolt 78 with a head 80. The threaded bolt 78 has the nut 52 on the underside, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 5. The construction described in the right side of FIG. 2 is accordingly provided on the left side.

The resiliently acting elastic intermediate layers 60, 66 are designed in such a way and the rail section 10 is connected to the support point 40 in such a way that desired elastic springings result when the rail section 10 is loaded.

For this purpose, the intermediate layers 60, 66 are prestressed to the required extent. In order to achieve this preload, the threaded bolt or its shaft 82 is surrounded between the nut 52 and the intermediate plate 70 by a sleeve 84 which passes through the base section 42 with play. The sleeve 84 consequently runs in the section 75 of the opening 76. When the threaded bolt 78 is tightened, the sleeve 84 is firmly clamped between the nut 54 and the intermediate plate 70. In this state, both the first and the second elastic intermediate layer 60, 66 are prestressed. If the rail section 10 is loaded by driving through a vehicle, the second elastic intermediate layer 66 is compressed, which relieves the first intermediate layer 60. When the load is released, the process is reversed.

In order to tighten the threaded bolt 78, its head 80 lies against a step 81 of the section 79 of the opening 82 on the rail head side. Furthermore, the head 80 should be dimensioned in such a way that its outer surface is flush with the surface 74 of the rail section 10 or set back to it.

According to the invention, the spring system formed from the intermediate layers 60, 66 runs within a vertical projection of the rail section 10, ie its head, since the rail section 10 consists of a special groove profile which has a cuboid geometry without lateral structural cavities. In other words, the rail section 10 is designed without a foot and without a chamber. The threaded bolt 78 passes through the rail section 10 starting from its surface 74 and is connected to the base via the nut 52. Thus, no space is required laterally next to the rail section 10 in order to secure the former. At the same time, there is the possibility of arranging protective plates such as plaster protection plates 86 running in the covering directly next to the rail section 10, that is to say its longitudinal side surfaces 89, 91, as can be seen in principle in FIG. 4.

The protective plates 86 extend from the documents 22 to approximately the top surface or top side 74 of the rail section 10 and are placed on corresponding outer surfaces 92, 94 of the support point 40 during assembly. Then, on the outside of the protective plate 86 or protective plates 88, 90, 92, 94 according to FIG. 1, support tabs 96, 98, 100 are applied and with the base 22, i. H. the plates 12, 14, 16, 18, 20 welded. The support straps 96, 98, 100 are then connected to the protective plates 86, 88, 90, 92, 94, in particular by means of hole welding.

An intermediate space between the protective plates 86, 88, 90, 92, 94 and the support points 40, 30, 32 can be filled with an insulating material 102, as can be seen in principle in FIG. 4.

An alternative type of connection between a protective plate 104 and the base 22 is shown in FIG. 5. Support straps 106, such as gusset plates, can be welded to both the base 22 and the protective plates 104.

Due to the fact that the base section 42 is arranged on the base 22 as it stands, an intermediate space is formed between the base section 42 and the base 22, with the result that drainage takes place on the one hand and targeted flushing is possible on the other hand.

Because the plaster protection plates 86, 88, 90, 92, 94 run directly along the side surfaces 89, 91 of the rail sections 10, the support points 30, 32, 34, 40 with the rail sections 10 are virtually arranged in a trough, which provides additional protection given is. It should also be noted that the elasticity is adjusted between the elasticity in the crossing and that of the adjoining rails.

Claims

Storage and fastening for a rail section and mounting a switch or the like

1. Storage (40) for a rail section (10), in particular in a crossing or switch area, comprising a support element (42, 44, 46, 48) connected to a base (22), on which the rail section is fastened, and a first and second elastic intermediate layer (60, 66) with preferably different stiffnesses, the intermediate layers being prestressable by means of at least one connecting element (78) such as threaded bolts, characterized in that the rail section (10) is a groove profile that the support element ( 42, 44, 46, 48) has at least one recess (50) on the base side, which is delimited on the rail section side by a (first) contact surface (62) for the first intermediate layer, that on the rail section side outer surface (64) of the support element (second) contact surface for is the second intermediate layer (66) and that the first and the second intermediate layer as well as the base element of von The opening of the support element and the head of the rail section penetrating through (76) are penetrated, in which the connecting element (78) runs, which is supported both on the first intermediate layer and in or on the head of the rail section.

2. Bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that a rigid or substantially rigid intermediate plate (70) is arranged between the second intermediate layer (66) and underside (72) of the rail section (10).

3. Bearing according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the intermediate plate (70) on the rail side is set back in sections relative to the underside (72) of the rail section (10).

4. Storage according to at least claim 1, characterized in that the extension element such as the threaded bolt (78) is surrounded by a sleeve (84), which both the first and the second elastic intermediate layer (60, 66) and the support element (42) penetrates and, when the fastening element is tightened, is supported on the one hand on the underside (72) of the rail section (10) or the intermediate plate (70) and on the other hand on a counter element such as nut (52) of the connecting or fastening element, between the and the first contact surface (62 ) a section of the first intermediate layer (60) runs.

5. Storage according to claim 4, characterized in that the sleeve (84) passes through the base element (42) with play.

6. Storage according to at least claim 1, characterized in that the second intermediate layer (66) extending on the rail section side is stiffer than the first intermediate layer (60) extending on the underlying side.

7. Storage according to at least claim 1, characterized in that the base element has a cuboid base section (42) which is supported on the base (22) via foot-like sections (44, 46, 48), the gap between two foot sections providing the recess ( 50) or a section of this, in the area of which the counter element is like the Nut (52) of the threaded bolt (78) runs, the recess or a portion of which is designed in particular as an anti-rotation device.

8. Storage according to at least claim 1, characterized in that the rail section (10) is a grooved profile section, in particular a flat grooved section section, with a continuously flat or substantially flat and perpendicular or substantially perpendicular to the plane spanned by the base (22) Side surfaces (88, 90).

9. Fastening for a rail section (10) with a rail head as well as the support (22) supporting the rail section, with which the rail section is connected via a fastening element (78), characterized in that the fastening means (78) remove the rail section (10) from its head asserted outgoing.

10. Fastening according to claim 9, characterized in that the fastening means (78) is a threaded bolt, one end of which ends in a recess (79) in the rail section head.

11. Fastening according to claim 10, characterized in that the threaded bolt (78) has a head (80) which runs within the recess (79) and can be supported on a step (81).

12. Fastening according to at least claim 10, characterized in that the threaded bolt (78) extends with its end in alignment with the outer surface (74) of the rail section head or set back to the latter.

13. Switch or crossing area with covered on a base (22) and connected to this, each having a head rail sections (10), along the side surfaces (89, 91) of fenders (86) which are connected to the base , characterized in that the rail sections (10) are supported by elastic intermediate layers (60, 66) on support points (40), which in turn are connected to the base (22), that the elastic intermediate layers are each exclusively or essentially exclusively within vertical projection of the head of the rail section (10) and that the mudguards (86) are arranged directly along the side surfaces (88, 90) of the lugless and footless rail sections.

14. Switch or crossing area according to claim 13, characterized in that the space between the mudguard (86) and the side surface (88, 90) of the rail section (10) is at least partially filled with insulation.

15. Switch or crossing area according to claim 13, characterized in that the support points (30, 32, 34) are screwed to the rail sections (10) and / or the support points are welded to the base (22).

16. A method for assembling a covered switch or crossing, in particular a switch or crossing running in a street bed, comprising the method steps:

Laying out base plates in accordance with the course of the switch or crossing and connecting the base plates to one another, unraveling rail sections in accordance with the course of the switch or crossing, connecting the rail sections with elastic support points, Arranging the elastic support points with the rail sections on the base plates and connecting the support points to them and aligning protective plates running along the rail sections and fastening them.

17. The method according to claim 16, characterized in that the protective plates are aligned or placed on or at the support points, that support tabs are placed on the protective plates, these are then connected to the base plates and finally the support tabs are connected to the protective plates.

18. The method according to claim 17, characterized in that the protective plates are connected to the support tabs by hole welding in particular.

19. The method according to at least claim 17, characterized in that the support points and / or the support tabs are welded to the base plates.

20. The method according to at least claim 16, characterized in that the rail sections are connected to the support points via threaded section bolts passing through the rail section head.

21. The method according to at least claim 16, characterized in that a chamberless and footless construction profile is used as the rail section.

22. The method according to at least claim 16, characterized in that a groove or flat groove special profile is used as the construction profile.

23. The method according to at least claim 16, characterized in that an intermediate or damping material is introduced between the protective plates running directly along the rail sections or their side surfaces and the side surfaces.