EP1629909B1 - Production of parts with at least one metallic foam layer - Google Patents

Production of parts with at least one metallic foam layer Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP1629909B1
EP1629909B1 EP05014822A EP05014822A EP1629909B1 EP 1629909 B1 EP1629909 B1 EP 1629909B1 EP 05014822 A EP05014822 A EP 05014822A EP 05014822 A EP05014822 A EP 05014822A EP 1629909 B1 EP1629909 B1 EP 1629909B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
semi
finished product
foamed layer
compression
layer
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP05014822A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1629909A1 (en
Inventor
Kristian Kissing
Christoph Beichelt
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Wilhelm Karmann GmbH
Original Assignee
Wilhelm Karmann GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Wilhelm Karmann GmbH filed Critical Wilhelm Karmann GmbH
Publication of EP1629909A1 publication Critical patent/EP1629909A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1629909B1 publication Critical patent/EP1629909B1/en
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Images

Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22FWORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F3/00Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
    • B22F3/10Sintering only
    • B22F3/11Making porous workpieces or articles
    • B22F3/1146After-treatment maintaining the porosity
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22FWORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F3/00Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
    • B22F3/10Sintering only
    • B22F3/11Making porous workpieces or articles
    • B22F3/1121Making porous workpieces or articles by using decomposable, meltable or sublimatable fillers
    • B22F3/1125Making porous workpieces or articles by using decomposable, meltable or sublimatable fillers involving a foaming process
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22FWORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F3/00Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
    • B22F3/12Both compacting and sintering
    • B22F3/16Both compacting and sintering in successive or repeated steps
    • B22F3/164Partial deformation or calibration
    • B22F2003/166Surface calibration, blasting, burnishing, sizing, coining
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22FWORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F2998/00Supplementary information concerning processes or compositions relating to powder metallurgy
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22FWORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F2999/00Aspects linked to processes or compositions used in powder metallurgy

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for producing one or more semifinished product (s) or component (s), each comprising at least one foamed layer which is formed with one or more types of blowing agent and with one or more types of metal powder, and at least one solid metal layer comprises, according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Such components are particularly light and at the same time very stiff due to the foam content, so that they are very useful in mobile units, such as motor vehicles, very advantageous as body parts, also for the reduction of energy introduced in an accident.
  • the invention is based on the problem to achieve an improvement of the manufacturing process for components and semi-finished products of the type mentioned.
  • the calibration unit for the semifinished product thickness can be arranged directly downstream of the oven and act on the semifinished product while it still rests on the support carrier serving as a support in the oven. A transport from this document to the calibration unit is then unnecessary.
  • a limitation of the degree of compression by at least one stop for a depressing body ensures that the thickness of the semifinished product reaches exactly the desired level by the abutting on the stop body, even if different thickness semi-finished products were present before this step. Pressure and exposure time of the depressing body can then be variable.
  • a thickness adjustment without breaking of cell webs of the foamed layer (s) is, as mentioned above, ensured when this layer (s) during compression has or have a high temperature of more than 400 ° C (depending on the alloy used).
  • the required temperature is well above 500 ° C. Then the cell webs are still sufficiently soft and flexible to follow the external pressure by elastic and at the latest when cooling plastic and thus permanent deformation.
  • a plate body which is flat with its underside can be pressed onto the semi-finished product for compression, which is structurally particularly simple and also opens up the possibility of simultaneously calibrating several semifinished products lying next to one another.
  • the plate body for example, a non-stick coated steel plate.
  • the material should in any case be poorly wettable by liquid aluminum - such as Promaclad.
  • the parallelogram can be easily moved over the semi-finished product to be calibrated, without this would have to be spent in another apparatus.
  • a compression with a force of less than 4 kN / square meter is simple and without large hydraulic press, for example, only with the weight of the plate body feasible.
  • a powder mixture of one or more metallic powders for example an aluminum-silicon alloy, such as AlSi7 or AlSi12, an aluminum-silicon-copper alloy, such as AlSi6Cu4, or an aluminum-manganese-silicon alloy, such as AlMnlSi7 on the one hand, and one or more gas-releasing blowing agents on the other hand, for example, titanium hydride prepared.
  • the mixing of the powder components can take place in a mechanical mixer.
  • the powder thus formed can be compressed to an expandable semi-finished product, for example, by an extrusion process between two rolls or by a pulse compression or other one-dimensional compaction perpendicular to the extent of the powder layer to be formed alone or in particular with one or more solid metallic cover layers 2, 3 and possibly also further powder layers become.
  • solid metallic cover layers 2, 3 thereby creates metallic bonds between the cover layer (s) 2, 3 and here a foamable powder layer.
  • the semifinished product when used as a crash element in vehicles, can also be formed without cover layers 2, 3. Otherwise, when using sheets that form visible surfaces from both sides, for example, in outer panels of cars, ships or aircraft, a sandwich-like construction with solid metal on both sides cover layers 2, 3 is desirable.
  • Such a semifinished product can be cut to size and then optionally subjected to a first deformation, for example, be provided with forms, as in DE 196 12 781 C1 described.
  • This forming can be done by known conventional one-sided or two-sided forming processes, such as by a deep-drawing process wherein one side already has its final contour.
  • the semifinished product can remain in its generally planar shape until the foaming of the one or more powder layers.
  • This semifinished product is loaded on the underside by a support support 5 over the entire surface in an oven, so that during the subsequent foaming an expansion takes place only upwards.
  • the foaming takes place at a temperature above the decomposition temperature of the propellant, at which this gas splits off, and may be limited or, in particular, free with the invention.
  • a semifinished product 4 to be further processed is formed with at least one then foamed layer 1.
  • the temperature in the oven is typically above 500 ° C, depending on the propellant.
  • a flat semifinished product is present, which after foaming in the oven typically a Thickness of about ten millimeters.
  • the cover layers 2, 3 each have a thickness of about one millimeter.
  • the thickness of the cover layers 2, 3 should be sufficiently low in order to possibly allow their deformation after foaming and to ensure a low weight in the component 9.
  • a cover layer 2, 3 should therefore occupy less than about 15% of the thickness of the foamed semifinished product 4.
  • the invention allows the thickness of semi-finished products 4 to fluctuate considerably after foaming, since a constant and desired thickness is set by the subsequent calibration. The requirements for the constancy of the foaming parameters in the furnace are therefore low.
  • the semifinished product 4 After foaming, the semifinished product 4 remains on the support carrier 5, which already carries it in the furnace, and becomes in the not liquid, but still softened state of the foamed layer 1, ie at a temperature of more than about 400.degree. C. or more (see above) this position, a device 6 for calibration of the component thickness supplied.
  • This device 6 effected by one or more effective as a punch plate body 10 compression of the semifinished product 4 in the direction of arrow 11.
  • cell walls 7 of the foamed bubbles 8 are compressed and remain on cooling in this compressed position.
  • the degree of deformation by the calibration in the device 6 need not be great and is typically about 10% thickness reduction.
  • the degree of deformation can be even lower. It is important that the semi-finished product is pressed over its entire surface to a constant thickness.
  • the squeezing can be limited by stops 12 on which the plate body 10 touches and is thereby prevented from further downward movement.
  • the solid metallic cover plates 2, 3 are not deformed measurable during compression of the semifinished product 4.
  • the plate body 10 of the calibration device 6 is provided on its underside with a non-stick coating and can therefore be used multiple times without having to be cleaned in between. For its downward movement, it can be held on a hydraulic press. Due to the still softened layer 1 of the effort is quite low, so that even the weight of the plate 10 or a force of a few hundred kilograms (a few kilonewtons to about 4 kN per square meter) may be sufficient. Therefore, in the embodiment of the plate body 10 is held on a pivot parallelogram 13, which is a total of the support bracket 5 can be placed.
  • the force in the direction of the arrow 11 is then applied by pivoting the plate 10 about a plurality of lateral links 16 about the horizontal axes 14, 15 similar to a scissor lattice.
  • a plurality of adjacent semi-finished products 4 can be processed simultaneously.
  • a semifinished product 4 calibrated in this way and uniformly thick over its course and parallel-walled can subsequently be partially or completely reshaped, for example in a rolling, trimming or warping machine. Also bending and bending or flanging machines come into consideration.
  • the machines do not enter a too narrow forming radius into the semifinished product 4, since otherwise a significant proportion of cell webs 7 of the foam bubbles 8 rupture.
  • the component has a minimum thickness of 5 mm, for example, when using an AlMn1Si7 alloy for cold forming, no radius should be less than 20 mm, even with small forming angles of a few degrees. Especially at large forming angles of a few tens to about sixty degrees greater security against undesirable local deformations at a minimum radius of 50 mm or at about 60 ° of 75 mm is achieved.
  • the size of the required minimum radius is reduced - with a very ductile alloy with a 60 ° deformation to about 40 mm.
  • a larger minimum radius may be required for a semi-finished product 4 with a larger thickness.
  • Such rounded shapes are desired, for example, for the design of ship hulls, aircraft outer panels, navigation marks, containers such as tanks, and many other applications.
  • the component 9 can be further processed in various ways, for example, pressed on the edges to form flanges, drilled and polished on the surfaces and painted. A welding of several components 9 with each other is possible.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)

Abstract

Preparation of semifinished product of component (9) having at least one foamed layer (1) formed with one or more type of propellant and one or more types of metal powder, and at least one thicker metal layer (2,3). The foamed layer is formed by pressure compacting a multi-component powder mixture and one or more metal layers (2,3) to give a semifinished product (4), which is heated, softened and compacted to a limited thickness. An independent claim is included for a device for production of the semifinished product as described above.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Herstellung von einem oder mehreren Halbzeug(en) oder Bauteil(en), das jeweils zumindest eine aufgeschäumte Lage, die mit einer oder mehreren Sorten von Treibmittel und mit einer oder mehreren Sorten von Metallpulver gebildet ist, und zumindest eine massivmetallische Lage umfaßt, nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1.The invention relates to a method for producing one or more semifinished product (s) or component (s), each comprising at least one foamed layer which is formed with one or more types of blowing agent and with one or more types of metal powder, and at least one solid metal layer comprises, according to the preamble of claim 1.

Bei der Herstellung von solchen metallischen Schaumbauteilen oder Halbzeugen mit zumindest einer Lage, die ein Treibmittel und ein metallisches Pulver enthält, werden diese Komponenten aus einer Pulverkonsistenz nach ihrer Vermischung zu einem schäumbaren Verbund zusammengeführt. Durch thermisch bedingte Abspaltungsprozesse des Treibmittels läßt sich in einem Ofen die Expansion des Schaumes erreichen.In the production of such metallic foam components or semi-finished products with at least one layer containing a blowing agent and a metallic powder, these components are brought together from a powder consistency after their mixing to form a foamable composite. Due to thermally induced cleavage processes of the blowing agent, the expansion of the foam can be achieved in an oven.

Derartige Bauteile sind aufgrund des Schaumanteils besonders leicht und gleichzeitig sehr steif, so daß sie etwa in mobilen Einheiten, wie Kraftfahrzeugen, sehr vorteilhaft als Karosserieteile, auch zum Abbau von eingeleiteter Energie bei einem Unfall, einsetzbar sind.Such components are particularly light and at the same time very stiff due to the foam content, so that they are very useful in mobile units, such as motor vehicles, very advantageous as body parts, also for the reduction of energy introduced in an accident.

Um insbesondere für eine Serienfertigung Bauteile mit einer konstanten Dicke zu erhalten, ist es bekannt, das Aufschäumen mit einer unteren und auch einer oberen Form durchzuführen, gegen die das im Schäumofen befindliche Halbzeug anläuft und dadurch in seiner Expansion gebremst wird. Eine derartige obere Form muß speziell angefertigt werden, was kostenaufwendig ist. Zudem verhindert sie einen Wärmeeintrag in das Halbzeug durch Strahlungswärme von oben.In order to obtain in particular for mass production components with a constant thickness, it is known to perform the foaming with a lower and also an upper mold against which the semifinished product located in the foaming oven starts and is thereby braked in its expansion. Such an upper mold must be custom made, which is expensive. In addition, it prevents heat from entering the semifinished product due to radiant heat from above.

Um das letztgenannte Problem zu lösen, ist es bekannt, für planebene Halbzeuge, die in einem Ofen aufgeschäumt werden, als obere Begrenzung des Schäumweges eine IR-durchlässige und hochtemperaturbeständige Glasplatte zu verwenden. Diese Glasplatten sind jedoch sehr teuer und zudem bruchempfindlich, insbesondere da beim Anschäumen des Halbzeugs durch den Innendruck des anschäumenden Materials erhebliche mechanische Belastungen bei hoher Temperatur auftreten. Des weiteren können sie bei Kontakt mit der heißen oberen Lage des Halbzeugs, die üblicherweise mit einem reflektionsmindernden Pulver beschichtet ist, leicht verschmutzen und müssen daher nach jedem Aufschäumvorgang gereinigt und dafür aus dem Ofen entfernt werden, was eine effiziente Serienfertigung behindert. Zudem zeichnen sich die Auflager für eine solche Glasplatte durch Schattenwurf auf dem Halbzeug ab und behindern dessen gleichmäßige Erwärmung.To solve the latter problem, it is known for flat semi-finished products, which are foamed in an oven to use as an upper boundary of the Schäumweges an IR-transparent and high-temperature-resistant glass plate. However, these glass plates are very expensive and also sensitive to breakage, in particular since significant mechanical stresses occur at high temperature during foaming of the semifinished product by the internal pressure of the foaming material. Furthermore, they can easily get dirty on contact with the hot top layer of the semi-finished product, which is usually coated with an anti-reflection powder, and therefore must be cleaned after each foaming operation and removed from the oven for this purpose, hindering efficient series production. In addition, the supports for such a glass plate are characterized by a shadow cast on the semi-finished product and hinder its uniform heating.

Gemäß der WO 2004/067212 A2 soll ein Warmumformen des aufgeschäumten Halbzeugs möglich sein. Diese Warmumformung findet bei einer Temperatur statt, bei der sowohl die Deckschichten als auch die aufgeschäumte Schicht noch starr und formstabil sind. Das führt dazu, daß ab einem gewissen Grenzradius ein zu großer Anteil von Zellstegen brechen würde und somit nur ein sehr geringer Umformungsgrad erreichbar ist.According to the WO 2004/067212 A2 should a hot forming of the foamed semifinished product be possible. This hot forming takes place at a temperature at which both the cover layers and the foamed layer are still rigid and dimensionally stable. This leads to the fact that, starting from a certain limiting radius, too large a proportion of cell webs would break and thus only a very small degree of deformation can be achieved.

Der Erfindung liegt das Problem zugrunde, für Bauteile und Halbzeuge der genannten Art eine Verbesserung des Herstellungsprozesses zu erreichen.The invention is based on the problem to achieve an improvement of the manufacturing process for components and semi-finished products of the type mentioned.

Die Erfindung löst dieses Problem durch ein Verfahren mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1. Hinsichtlich vorteilhafter Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung wird auf die weiteren Ansprüche 2 bis 11 verwiesen.The invention solves this problem by a method having the features of claim 1. With regard to more advantageous Embodiments of the invention is made to the further claims 2 to 11.

Durch die Erfindung ist eine obere Begrenzung des Schäumweges im Ofen entbehrlich. Glasplatten mit den genannten Nachteilen müssen daher nicht eingesetzt werden. Das Aufschäumen kann frei erfolgen, wobei dennoch durch das zumindest partielle Zusammenpressen bei der nachfolgenden Kalibrierung eine exakt voreingestellte und innerhalb einer Serie konstante Dicke der Halbzeuge und späteren Bauteile gewährleistet ist.By the invention, an upper limit of the Schäumweges in the oven is unnecessary. Glass plates with the disadvantages mentioned must therefore not be used. The foaming can be done freely, but still guaranteed by the at least partial compression in the subsequent calibration a pre-set and within a series constant thickness of the semifinished products and later components.

Wenn das Zusammendrücken im noch vom Aufschäumen erweichten Zustand der aufgeschäumten Lage durchgeführt wird, ist ein nachträgliches nochmaliges Erhitzen für die Kalibrierung nicht erforderlich, was Zeit und Energie spart. Insbesondere kann die Kalibrierungseinheit für die Halbzeugdicke unmittelbar dem Ofen nachgeordnet sein und auf das Halbzeug einwirken, während es noch auf dem im Ofen als Unterlage dienenden Unterstützungsträger aufliegt. Ein Transport von dieser Unterlage zur Kalibrierungseinheit ist dann entbehrlich.When compression is performed in the foam-softened state of the foamed layer, subsequent re-heating is not required for calibration, saving time and energy. In particular, the calibration unit for the semifinished product thickness can be arranged directly downstream of the oven and act on the semifinished product while it still rests on the support carrier serving as a support in the oven. A transport from this document to the calibration unit is then unnecessary.

Eine Begrenzung des Maßes des Zusammendrückens durch zumindest einen Anschlag für einen niederdrückenden Körper stellt sicher, daß die Dicke des Halbzeugs durch den auf den Anschlag aufsetzenden niederdrückenden Körper exakt das gewünschte Maß erreicht, auch wenn vor diesem Schritt unterschiedlich dicke Halbzeuge vorlagen. Druck und Einwirkzeit des niederdrückenden Körpers können dann variabel sein.A limitation of the degree of compression by at least one stop for a depressing body ensures that the thickness of the semifinished product reaches exactly the desired level by the abutting on the stop body, even if different thickness semi-finished products were present before this step. Pressure and exposure time of the depressing body can then be variable.

Eine Dickeneinstellung ohne Brechen von Zellstegen der aufgeschäumten Schicht(en) ist, wie oben erwähnt, dann sichergestellt, wenn diese Schicht(en) während des Zusammendrückens eine hohe Temperatur von mehr als 400°C hat oder haben (je nach eingesetzter Legierung). Bei einer AlMn1AlSi7-Legierung liegt die erforderliche Temperatur bei weit über 500°C. Dann sind die Zellstege noch hinreichend weich und flexibel, um dem äußeren Druck durch elastische und spätestens beim Abkühlen plastische und damit dauerhafte Verformung folgen zu können.A thickness adjustment without breaking of cell webs of the foamed layer (s) is, as mentioned above, ensured when this layer (s) during compression has or have a high temperature of more than 400 ° C (depending on the alloy used). For an AlMn1AlSi7 alloy, the required temperature is well above 500 ° C. Then the cell webs are still sufficiently soft and flexible to follow the external pressure by elastic and at the latest when cooling plastic and thus permanent deformation.

Bei planebenen Halbzeugen kann zum Zusammendrücken ein mit seiner Unterseite ebener Plattenkörper auf das Halbzeug aufgedrückt werden, was konstruktiv besonders einfach ist und auch die Möglichkeit eröffnet, mehrere nebeneinander liegende Halbzeuge gleichzeitig zu kalibrieren.In flat semifinished products, a plate body which is flat with its underside can be pressed onto the semi-finished product for compression, which is structurally particularly simple and also opens up the possibility of simultaneously calibrating several semifinished products lying next to one another.

Dabei eignet sich für den Plattenkörper sehr gut beispielsweise eine antihaftbeschichtete Stahlplatte. Das Material sollte in jedem Fall von flüssigem Aluminium schlecht benetzbar sein - wie beispielsweise auch Promaclad.It is very well suited for the plate body, for example, a non-stick coated steel plate. The material should in any case be poorly wettable by liquid aluminum - such as Promaclad.

Wenn der Plattenkörper an einem Schwenkparallelogramm gehalten und parallel auf- und abwärts verlagerbar ist, kann das Parallelogramm leicht über das zu kalibrierende Halbzeug verlagert werden, ohne daß dieser in eine andere Apparatur verbracht werden müßte.If the plate body held on a Schwenkparallelogramm and parallel up and down is displaced, the parallelogram can be easily moved over the semi-finished product to be calibrated, without this would have to be spent in another apparatus.

Dabei ist ein Zusammendrücken mit einer Kraft von weniger als 4 kN/Quadratmeter einfach und ohne große Hydraulikpresse, beispielsweise nur mit dem Eigengewicht des Plattenkörpers, durchführbar.In this case, a compression with a force of less than 4 kN / square meter is simple and without large hydraulic press, for example, only with the weight of the plate body feasible.

Weitere Vorteile und Merkmale der Erfindung ergeben sich aus einem in der Zeichnung dargestellten und nachfolgend beschriebenen Ausführungsbeispiel des Gegenstandes der Erfindung.Further advantages and features of the invention will become apparent from one shown in the drawing and below described embodiment of the subject invention.

In der Zeichnung zeigt:

Fig. 1
eine schematische Ansicht eines Halbzeugs mit einer aufgeschäumten Lage bei Verlassen des Ofens und noch bestehender Lagerung auf dem schon im Ofen wirksamen Unterstützungsträger,
Fig. 2
eine schematische Ansicht des aufgeschäumten Halbzeugs bei Einbringen in die Kalibrierungsein- heit mit einem von oben auf das Halbzeug mit der noch erweichten aufgeschäumten Lage einwirkenden Stempel.
In the drawing shows:
Fig. 1
a schematic view of a semi-finished product with a foamed layer when leaving the oven and still existing storage on the already in the oven effective support carrier,
Fig. 2
a schematic view of the foamed semifinished product when introduced into the calibration with a unit acting from above on the semifinished product with the still softened foamed stamp.

Für die erfindungsgemäße Herstellung von mehrlagigen Metallbauteilen 9 mit zumindest einer aufgeschäumten Lage 1 wird zunächst eine Pulvermischung aus einem oder mehreren metallischen Pulvern, beispielsweise einer Aluminium-Silizium-Legierung, etwa AlSi7 oder AlSi12, einer Aluminium-Silizium-Kupfer-Legierung, etwa AlSi6Cu4, oder einer Aluminium-Mangan-Silizium-Legierung, etwa AlMnlSi7 einerseits, und einem oder mehreren gasabspaltenden Treibmitteln andererseits, beispielsweise Titanhydrid, angefertigt. Das Vermischen der Pulverbestandteile kann in einem mechanischen Mischer erfolgen.For the inventive production of multilayer metal components 9 with at least one foamed layer 1, a powder mixture of one or more metallic powders, for example an aluminum-silicon alloy, such as AlSi7 or AlSi12, an aluminum-silicon-copper alloy, such as AlSi6Cu4, or an aluminum-manganese-silicon alloy, such as AlMnlSi7 on the one hand, and one or more gas-releasing blowing agents on the other hand, for example, titanium hydride prepared. The mixing of the powder components can take place in a mechanical mixer.

Das so gebildete Pulver kann etwa über ein Strangpreßverfahren zwischen zwei Walzen oder über ein Impulsverdichten oder anderes eindimensionales Verdichten lotrecht zur Erstreckung der dabei zu bildenden Pulverlage allein oder insbesondere mit einer oder mehreren massivmetallischen Deckschichten 2, 3 und eventuell auch weiteren Pulverlagen zu einem aufschäumbaren Halbzeug verdichtet werden. Bei Verwendung von massivmetallischen Deckschichten 2, 3 entstehen dabei metallische Bindungen zwischen der oder den Deckschicht(en) 2, 3 und der hier einen aufschäumbaren Pulverlage. Etwa bei Verwendung als Crashelement in Fahrzeugen kann das Halbzeug auch ohne Deckschichten 2, 3 gebildet werden. Ansonsten ist bei Verwendung von Blechen, die von beiden Seiten her sichtbare Oberflächen bilden, zum Beispiel bei Außenblechen von Autos, Schiffen oder Flugzeugen, ein sandwichartiger Aufbau mit beidseitigen massivmetallischen Deckschichten 2, 3 erstrebenswert.The powder thus formed can be compressed to an expandable semi-finished product, for example, by an extrusion process between two rolls or by a pulse compression or other one-dimensional compaction perpendicular to the extent of the powder layer to be formed alone or in particular with one or more solid metallic cover layers 2, 3 and possibly also further powder layers become. at Use of solid metallic cover layers 2, 3 thereby creates metallic bonds between the cover layer (s) 2, 3 and here a foamable powder layer. For example, when used as a crash element in vehicles, the semifinished product can also be formed without cover layers 2, 3. Otherwise, when using sheets that form visible surfaces from both sides, for example, in outer panels of cars, ships or aircraft, a sandwich-like construction with solid metal on both sides cover layers 2, 3 is desirable.

Ein solches Halbzeug kann zurechtgeschnitten und dann gegebenenfalls einer ersten Umformung unterzogen werden, etwa mit Ausprägungen versehen werden, wie in der DE 196 12 781 C1 beschrieben. Dieses Umformen kann durch bekannte übliche einseitige oder zweiseitige Umformverfahren, wie etwa durch ein Tiefziehverfahren, wobei eine Seite bereits ihre Endkontur erhält, erfolgen. Das Halbzeug kann jedoch bis zum Aufschäumen der einen oder mehreren Pulverlagen auch in seiner in der Regel planebenen Form verbleiben.Such a semifinished product can be cut to size and then optionally subjected to a first deformation, for example, be provided with forms, as in DE 196 12 781 C1 described. This forming can be done by known conventional one-sided or two-sided forming processes, such as by a deep-drawing process wherein one side already has its final contour. However, the semifinished product can remain in its generally planar shape until the foaming of the one or more powder layers.

Dieses Halbzeug wird unterseitig von einem Unterstützungsträger 5 vollflächig unterstützt in einen Ofen eingelegt, so daß beim nachfolgenden Aufschäumen eine Expansion nur noch nach oben hin stattfindet. Das Schäumen erfolgt bei einer Temperatur oberhalb der Zersetzungstemperatur des Treibmittels, bei der dieses Gas abspaltet, und kann begrenzt sein oder mit der Erfindung insbesondere auch frei erfolgen. Dadurch wird ein weiter zu verarbeitendes Halbzeug 4 mit zumindest einer dann aufgeschäumten Lage 1 gebildet. Die Temperatur im Ofen liegt je nach Treibmittel typischerweise bei oberhalb von 500°C.This semifinished product is loaded on the underside by a support support 5 over the entire surface in an oven, so that during the subsequent foaming an expansion takes place only upwards. The foaming takes place at a temperature above the decomposition temperature of the propellant, at which this gas splits off, and may be limited or, in particular, free with the invention. As a result, a semifinished product 4 to be further processed is formed with at least one then foamed layer 1. The temperature in the oven is typically above 500 ° C, depending on the propellant.

Im gezeichneten Ausführungsbeispiel liegt ein planebenes Halbzeug vor, das nach dem Aufschäumen im Ofen typisch eine Dicke von etwa zehn Millimetern aufweist. Die Decklagen 2, 3 haben jeweils eine Dicke von etwa einem Millimeter. Die Dicke der Decklagen 2, 3 sollte hinreichend gering sein, um ggf. deren Verformung nach dem Aufschäumen zu ermöglichen und um im Bauteil 9 ein geringes Gewicht zu gewährleisten. Eine Decklage 2, 3 sollte daher weniger als etwa 15% der Dicke des aufgeschäumten Halbzeugs 4 einnehmen. Durch die Erfindung darf die Dicke von Halbzeugen 4 nach dem Aufschäumen erheblich schwanken, da durch die nachfolgende Kalibrierung eine konstante und gewünschte Dicke eingestellt wird. Die Anforderungen an die Konstanz der Schäumparameter im Ofen sind daher gering.In the illustrated embodiment, a flat semifinished product is present, which after foaming in the oven typically a Thickness of about ten millimeters. The cover layers 2, 3 each have a thickness of about one millimeter. The thickness of the cover layers 2, 3 should be sufficiently low in order to possibly allow their deformation after foaming and to ensure a low weight in the component 9. A cover layer 2, 3 should therefore occupy less than about 15% of the thickness of the foamed semifinished product 4. The invention allows the thickness of semi-finished products 4 to fluctuate considerably after foaming, since a constant and desired thickness is set by the subsequent calibration. The requirements for the constancy of the foaming parameters in the furnace are therefore low.

Nach dem Aufschäumen verbleibt das Halbzeug 4 auf dem dieses im Ofen bereits tragenden Unterstützungsträger 5 und wird im zwar nicht flüssigen, jedoch noch erweichten Zustand der aufgeschäumten Lage 1, also bei einer Temperatur von mehr als ca. 400°C oder mehr (s.o.) in dieser Lage, einer Vorrichtung 6 zur Kalibrierung der Bauteildicke zugeführt.After foaming, the semifinished product 4 remains on the support carrier 5, which already carries it in the furnace, and becomes in the not liquid, but still softened state of the foamed layer 1, ie at a temperature of more than about 400.degree. C. or more (see above) this position, a device 6 for calibration of the component thickness supplied.

Diese Vorrichtung 6 bewirkt durch einen oder mehrere als Stempel wirksame(n) Plattenkörper 10 ein Zusammendrücken des Halbzeugs 4 in Richtung des Pfeils 11. Dabei werden in der aufgeschäumten Lage 1 Zellwände 7 der aufgeschäumten Blasen 8 gestaucht und bleiben beim Erkalten in dieser gestauchten Stellung. Tendenziell gibt es daher beim Kalibrieren eine Verbreiterung der einzelnen Zellen 8, die sich - im Unterschied zu einer Kaltverformung - gleichmäßig über die gesamte aufgeschäumte Lage 1 verteilt. Der Verformungsgrad durch das Kalibrieren in der Vorrichtung 6 muß nicht groß sein und liegt typisch bei etwa 10% Dickenverringerung. Der Umformgrad kann auch noch geringer sein. Wichtig ist, daß das Halbzeug über seine gesamte Fläche auf ein konstantes Dickenmaß gedrückt wird. Das Zusammendrücken kann dabei durch Anschläge 12 begrenzt sein, auf die der Plattenkörper 10 aufsetzt und dadurch an einer weiteren Abwärtsbewegung gehindert wird. Durch das Zusammendrücken der aufgeschäumten Lage 1 kann diese an den Seiten aus dem Sandwichverbund zwischen den Decklagen 2, 3 heraustreten. Die Ränder des Halbzeugs 4 werden dann bei der weiteren Verarbeitung abgetrennt.This device 6 effected by one or more effective as a punch plate body 10 compression of the semifinished product 4 in the direction of arrow 11. In the foamed layer 1 cell walls 7 of the foamed bubbles 8 are compressed and remain on cooling in this compressed position. When calibrating, there is therefore a tendency for the individual cells 8 to widen, which, in contrast to a cold deformation, is distributed uniformly over the entire foamed layer 1. The degree of deformation by the calibration in the device 6 need not be great and is typically about 10% thickness reduction. The degree of deformation can be even lower. It is important that the semi-finished product is pressed over its entire surface to a constant thickness. The squeezing can be limited by stops 12 on which the plate body 10 touches and is thereby prevented from further downward movement. By compressing the foamed layer 1, this can emerge on the sides of the sandwich composite between the cover layers 2, 3. The edges of the semifinished product 4 are then separated in the further processing.

Die massivmetallischen Deckbleche 2, 3 werden beim Zusammendrücken des Halbzeugs 4 nicht meßbar verformt.The solid metallic cover plates 2, 3 are not deformed measurable during compression of the semifinished product 4.

Der Plattenkörper 10 der Kalibrierungsvorrichtung 6 ist an seiner Unterseite mit einer Antihaftbeschichtung versehen und kann daher mehrfach verwendet werden, ohne zwischendrin gereinigt werden zu müssen. Für seine Abwärtsbewegung kann er an einer hydraulischen Presse gehalten sein. Aufgrund der noch erweichten Schicht 1 ist der Kraftaufwand jedoch recht gering, so daß schon das Eigengewicht der Platte 10 oder eine Krafteinwirkung von wenigen hundert Kilogramm (wenige Kilonewton bis ca. 4 kN pro Quadratmeter) ausreichend sein kann. Daher ist im Ausführungsbeispiel der Plattenkörper 10 an einem Schwenkparallelogramm 13 gehalten, das insgesamt auf den Unterstützungsträger 5 aufsetzbar ist. Die Krafteinwirkung in Richtung des Pfeils 11 wird dann ähnlich wie bei einem Scherengitter durch Schwenken der Platte 10 über mehrere seitliche Lenker 16 um die Horizontalachsen 14, 15 aufgebracht. Dabei können auch mehrere nebeneinander liegende Halbzeuge 4 gleichzeitig bearbeitet werden.The plate body 10 of the calibration device 6 is provided on its underside with a non-stick coating and can therefore be used multiple times without having to be cleaned in between. For its downward movement, it can be held on a hydraulic press. Due to the still softened layer 1 of the effort is quite low, so that even the weight of the plate 10 or a force of a few hundred kilograms (a few kilonewtons to about 4 kN per square meter) may be sufficient. Therefore, in the embodiment of the plate body 10 is held on a pivot parallelogram 13, which is a total of the support bracket 5 can be placed. The force in the direction of the arrow 11 is then applied by pivoting the plate 10 about a plurality of lateral links 16 about the horizontal axes 14, 15 similar to a scissor lattice. In this case, a plurality of adjacent semi-finished products 4 can be processed simultaneously.

Ein so kalibriertes und über seinen Verlauf gleichmäßig dickes und parallelwandige Halbzeug 4 kann nachfolgend partiell oder vollständig umgeformt werden, zum Beispiel in einer Roll-, Kümpel- oder Wölbmaschine. Auch Abkant- und Biege- oder Bördelmaschinen kommen in Betracht.A semifinished product 4 calibrated in this way and uniformly thick over its course and parallel-walled can subsequently be partially or completely reshaped, for example in a rolling, trimming or warping machine. Also bending and bending or flanging machines come into consideration.

Bei der Umformung nach dem Aufschäumen ist zu beachten, daß die Maschinen keinen zu engen Umformradius in das Halbzeug 4 eintragen, da ansonsten ein signifikanter Anteil von Zellstegen 7 der Schaumblasen 8 reißt. Sofern das Bauteil eine Mindestdicke von 5 mm aufweist, sollte etwa bei Verwendung einer AlMn1Si7-Legierung bei Kaltverformung schon bei kleinen Umformwinkeln von wenigen Grad kein Radius kleiner als 20 mm sein. Insbesondere bei großen Umformwinkeln von einigen zehn bis hin zu etwa sechzig Grad wird eine größere Sicherheit gegen unerwünschte lokale Deformationen bei einem Mindestradius von 50 mm oder bei etwa 60° von 75 mm erreicht. Bei Warmverformung allerdings ist die Größe des erforderlichen Mindestradius' verringert - bei einer sehr duktilen Legierung bei einer 60°-Umformung bis auf etwa 40 mm. Für ein Halbzeug 4 mit größerer Dicke kann ein größerer Mindestradius erforderlich werden.When forming after foaming, it should be noted that the machines do not enter a too narrow forming radius into the semifinished product 4, since otherwise a significant proportion of cell webs 7 of the foam bubbles 8 rupture. If the component has a minimum thickness of 5 mm, for example, when using an AlMn1Si7 alloy for cold forming, no radius should be less than 20 mm, even with small forming angles of a few degrees. Especially at large forming angles of a few tens to about sixty degrees greater security against undesirable local deformations at a minimum radius of 50 mm or at about 60 ° of 75 mm is achieved. In the case of hot deformation, however, the size of the required minimum radius is reduced - with a very ductile alloy with a 60 ° deformation to about 40 mm. For a semi-finished product 4 with a larger thickness, a larger minimum radius may be required.

Solche gerundeten Formen sind beispielsweise für die Gestaltung von Schiffsrümpfen, Flugzeugaußenblechen, Seezeichen, Behältern wie Tanks und vielen weiteren Anwendungen gewünscht.Such rounded shapes are desired, for example, for the design of ship hulls, aircraft outer panels, navigation marks, containers such as tanks, and many other applications.

Das Bauteil 9 kann in verschiedenen Weisen weiterverarbeitet werden, beispielsweise an den Rändern zur Bildung von Flanschen eingedrückt, gebohrt sowie an den Flächen poliert und lackiert werden. Ein Verschweißen mehrerer Bauteile 9 miteinander ist möglich.The component 9 can be further processed in various ways, for example, pressed on the edges to form flanges, drilled and polished on the surfaces and painted. A welding of several components 9 with each other is possible.

Claims (11)

  1. A method for producing a semi-finished product or part (9), comprising at least one foamed layer (1) formed by means of one or plural kinds of blowing agent and one or plural kinds of metal powder and comprising at least one solid metal layer (2; 3), wherein a powder is blended of plural components in order to form the foamed layer (1) and wherein the such formed blend, together with the metal layer(s) (2; 3), is exposed to pressure and afterwards foamed into a semi-finished product (4),
    characterized in that,
    the semi-finished product (4) is, at least in parts, compressed to a limited height, by being exposed to pressure in a heated and softened state of the foamed layer(s) (1), at a temperature of the foamed layer of more than 400°.
  2. A method according to claim 1,
    characterized in that
    compression is carried out when the foamed layer (1) is still in a softened state due to foaming.
  3. A method according to one of claims 1 or 2,
    characterized in that
    the degree of compression is restricted by at least one stopper (12) for a depressing body (10).
  4. A method according to one of claims 1 to 3,
    characterized in that,
    for compression, a plate body (10) having a planar lower side is pressed onto the semi-finished product (4).
  5. A method according to claim 4,
    characterized in that
    the plate body (10) comprises a steel plate covered with a non-sticking covering.
  6. A method according to one of claims 4 or 5,
    characterized in that
    the plate body (10) can be hydraulically pressurized in pressing direction.
  7. A method according to one of claims 1 to 6,
    characterized in that
    the plate body is held on a pivoting parallelogram (13) and can be displaced in parallel upwards and downwards.
  8. A method according to one of claims 1 to 7,
    characterized in that
    compression is carried out with a force of less than 4kN/square meter.
  9. A method according to one of claims 1 to 8,
    characterized in that
    the semi-finished product (4) is planar formed.
  10. A method according to one of claims 1 to 9,
    characterized in that
    the semi-finished product, calibrated by compression, is subsequently partially formed or reshaped by a rolling-, dishing- or bending-machine.
  11. A method according to one of claims 1 to 10,
    characterized in that the formed part (9) has two solid metal cover layers (2; 3) that are in parallel to each other and between which cover layers a foamed layer is arranged,
    each of the solid metal layers (2; 3) taking less than 15% of the thickness of the part.
EP05014822A 2004-08-24 2005-07-08 Production of parts with at least one metallic foam layer Not-in-force EP1629909B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102004040888A DE102004040888A1 (en) 2004-08-24 2004-08-24 Production of components with at least one metallic foam layer

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1629909A1 EP1629909A1 (en) 2006-03-01
EP1629909B1 true EP1629909B1 (en) 2009-05-13

Family

ID=35385636

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP05014822A Not-in-force EP1629909B1 (en) 2004-08-24 2005-07-08 Production of parts with at least one metallic foam layer

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1629909B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE431210T1 (en)
DE (2) DE102004040888A1 (en)

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2410522A1 (en) * 1973-05-21 1974-12-12 Abex Corp PROCESS FOR MANUFACTURING CLUTCH AND BRAKE FRICTION ELEMENTS FROM METAL POWDER
DE4424157C2 (en) * 1993-07-29 1996-08-14 Fraunhofer Ges Forschung Process for the production of porous metallic materials with anisotropic thermal and electrical conductivities
DE19612781C1 (en) * 1996-03-29 1997-08-21 Karmann Gmbh W Component made of metallic foam material, process for final shaping of this component and device for carrying out the process
DE29800005U1 (en) * 1998-01-02 1999-05-06 Wilhelm Karmann GmbH, 49084 Osnabrück Component, in particular body component for motor vehicles
DE19932883C1 (en) * 1999-07-16 2000-10-12 Schunk Sintermetalltechnik Gmb Foaming of a molding made of a mixture of metal powder and a gas-splitting propellant powder comprises adjusting the walls of the foam mold so that they lie flat on the sides of the molding facing the mold during foaming
DE10304078A1 (en) * 2003-01-31 2004-08-26 Wilhelm Karmann Gmbh Components with a metallic foam layer

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE431210T1 (en) 2009-05-15
DE102004040888A1 (en) 2006-04-13
EP1629909A1 (en) 2006-03-01
DE502005007264D1 (en) 2009-06-25

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
DE4426627C2 (en) Process for the production of a metallic composite material
DE60221658T2 (en) FLOORED OR STEAMED METAL AGGLOMERATES, PARTS AND PLATES
DE3587770T2 (en) Method and device for stamping a metal plate.
DE60103017T2 (en) COMPOSITE BODY CONTAINING METAL POWDER CONTAINED BETWEEN METAL LAYERS OF DISPERSED AGENT
DE19757463C2 (en) Process for rapid prototyping from sinterable powdery material and manufacturing device using the same
DE29904705U1 (en) Device for producing a profile part
AT15680U1 (en) Three-dimensional structural component, formed by means of a sandwich structure with foam core between metallic layers
DE4424157C2 (en) Process for the production of porous metallic materials with anisotropic thermal and electrical conductivities
EP1000690A2 (en) Process for preparing a foamable semi-finished product
DE2118572B2 (en) Device for the continuous production of panels from expanded foam
DE10024004C2 (en) Method of manufacturing a component from a composite material
EP0622132B1 (en) Device for and method of moulding a special steel diaphragm for vacuum insulation elements
DE2913568C2 (en)
EP1629909B1 (en) Production of parts with at least one metallic foam layer
EP0371392A2 (en) Apparatus for deep-drawing a hot-foamable sheet
EP0482092A1 (en) Process for producing panels or webs of laminated cellular thermoplastic material.
DE102008009625A1 (en) Apparatus for sheet metal forming
DE202011110648U1 (en) Laying mold for the manufacture of components produced by a process
DE102015205829B4 (en) Process for producing foamed sandwich elements
EP1237707B1 (en) Method and device for producing packings without heating the film
DE102004036873B4 (en) Method and device for component production
DE69918878T2 (en) Method for producing a cassette from a metal-thermoplastic-metal laminate
DE19932883C1 (en) Foaming of a molding made of a mixture of metal powder and a gas-splitting propellant powder comprises adjusting the walls of the foam mold so that they lie flat on the sides of the molding facing the mold during foaming
DE19800008C1 (en) Process for the final shaping of a component with a layer of metallic foam material
EP0956912B1 (en) Tool for manufacturing structured metal sheets

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC NL PL PT RO SE SI SK TR

AX Request for extension of the european patent

Extension state: AL BA HR MK YU

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 20060814

17Q First examination report despatched

Effective date: 20060922

AKX Designation fees paid

Designated state(s): AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC NL PL PT RO SE SI SK TR

17Q First examination report despatched

Effective date: 20060922

GRAP Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR1

GRAS Grant fee paid

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR3

GRAA (expected) grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: B1

Designated state(s): AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC NL PL PT RO SE SI SK TR

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: GB

Ref legal event code: FG4D

Free format text: NOT ENGLISH

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: EP

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: IE

Ref legal event code: FG4D

REF Corresponds to:

Ref document number: 502005007264

Country of ref document: DE

Date of ref document: 20090625

Kind code of ref document: P

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20090513

Ref country code: LT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20090513

Ref country code: PT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20090913

Ref country code: ES

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20090824

NLV1 Nl: lapsed or annulled due to failure to fulfill the requirements of art. 29p and 29m of the patents act
PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20090813

Ref country code: NL

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20090513

Ref country code: PL

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20090513

Ref country code: SI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20090513

Ref country code: LV

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20090513

Ref country code: IS

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20090913

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: IE

Ref legal event code: FD4D

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: RO

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20090513

Ref country code: DK

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20090513

Ref country code: EE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20090513

Ref country code: IE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20090513

Ref country code: CZ

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20090513

BERE Be: lapsed

Owner name: WILHELM KARMANN G.M.B.H.

Effective date: 20090731

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: MC

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20090731

Ref country code: SK

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20090513

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: PL

PLBE No opposition filed within time limit

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: BG

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20090813

26N No opposition filed

Effective date: 20100216

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: ST

Effective date: 20100331

GBPC Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee

Effective date: 20090813

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20090731

Ref country code: FR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20090731

Ref country code: CH

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20090731

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: BE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20090731

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20090814

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20090813

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20090513

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LU

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20090708

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: HU

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20091114

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: TR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20090513

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: CY

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20090513

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: AT

Payment date: 20110726

Year of fee payment: 7

Ref country code: DE

Payment date: 20110727

Year of fee payment: 7

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: AT

Ref legal event code: MM01

Ref document number: 431210

Country of ref document: AT

Kind code of ref document: T

Effective date: 20120708

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20130201

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: AT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20120708

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R119

Ref document number: 502005007264

Country of ref document: DE

Effective date: 20130201