EP1626241A1 - Ammunition magazine in particular for large caliber ammunition - Google Patents

Ammunition magazine in particular for large caliber ammunition Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1626241A1
EP1626241A1 EP05015298A EP05015298A EP1626241A1 EP 1626241 A1 EP1626241 A1 EP 1626241A1 EP 05015298 A EP05015298 A EP 05015298A EP 05015298 A EP05015298 A EP 05015298A EP 1626241 A1 EP1626241 A1 EP 1626241A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
ammunition
magazine
projectile
chain
magazine according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP05015298A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1626241B1 (en
Inventor
Wolfgang Böer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Rheinmetall Landsysteme GmbH
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Rheinmetall Landsysteme GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Rheinmetall Landsysteme GmbH filed Critical Rheinmetall Landsysteme GmbH
Publication of EP1626241A1 publication Critical patent/EP1626241A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A9/00—Feeding or loading of ammunition; Magazines; Guiding means for the extracting of cartridges
    • F41A9/61—Magazines
    • F41A9/64—Magazines for unbelted ammunition
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B39/00—Packaging or storage of ammunition or explosive charges; Safety features thereof; Cartridge belts or bags
    • F42B39/28—Ammunition racks, e.g. in vehicles

Definitions

  • an ammunition magazine for mortar ammunition which proposes to accommodate the ammunition space and mass saving by the fact that the individual projectile body are arranged with the help of brackets on chain links of a back-rigid chain. These chain links themselves are slidably mounted in two rails.
  • the ammunition chain by storing the ammunition chain on rollers, which are usually smooth, high inertial forces are generated by the movement during acceleration and deceleration of the chain.
  • the ammunition chain itself can not be controlled manually by hand.
  • the impulsive forces that occur can not be absorbed by the rollers. The permissible surface pressures can be exceeded.
  • DE 100 27 591 C2 and DE 195 14 780 A1 removable. These usually have too much weight.
  • the DE 100 27 591 C1 also proposes, with the help of usable record - and mounting rails different types of ammunition and are removable and to make the magazine quickly and easily by means of multiple functions of the rails on the particular type of ammunition.
  • a training bullet also for large caliber practice cartridges is disclosed in DE 35 41 399 C3. This has a bullet-containing projectile casing. In the mouth hole a percussion fuse is arranged by mouth hole ring.
  • the invention has the object to show an ammunition magazine, which is constructed at least mass-saving.
  • the invention is based on the idea to carry out all modules of the magazine in lightweight construction.
  • the magazine consists mainly of a magazine rack as a supporting structure and is preferably designed as a framework structure. Including a vehicle wall or wall / pan, roof as magazine walls can account for at least the rear but also upper magazine wall.
  • the truss structure is preferably welded to the vehicle wall. This ensures the snapshot at the nodes with minimal deformation of the individual struts in all load directions.
  • An additional rigidity of the magazine is achieved by means of laterally mounted lightweight walls as magazine walls. By using high strength fine grain steel (e.g., thin sheet between, for example, 2 - 4 mm) even a minimal distortion of the preferably laser welded construction of the magazine will be avoided by heat.
  • high strength fine grain steel e.g., thin sheet between, for example, 2 - 4 mm
  • the magazine rack preferably consists of high-strength laser-welded assemblies as well as exchangeable assemblies which may be subject to greater wear.
  • the guide or slide rails used in the magazine rack consist for example of C-profiles, whereby a holding of the ammunition chain in the Z - direction (up) is created.
  • the rails can be screwed in.
  • Side members take these slides for an ammunition chain.
  • This magazine rack has the advantage that the completion of the magazine can be done locally on / in the vehicle. This allows the ammunition magazine to be adapted to the vehicle's own construction.
  • the ammunition chain consists of multi-part chain links attached thereto or integrally formed with these projectile mounts, in the rear part by Bullet adapter can be added.
  • the projectile supports and chain links are preferably made of investment casting and obtain their required strength and stiffness only after joining their individual elements.
  • the integration of the adapter in the bullet holder allows different types of bullets, which differ in shape, size and mass as well as the center of gravity, to accommodate.
  • the holder is further designed so that the projectile is held in the region of the so-called pull-out groove and on the projectile casing in the axial direction. A release of the mouth hole head ring is therefore not possible.
  • the locking and control elements of the chain are designed so that they require only a minimum of installation space and mass. It is realized a manual release of the chain and manual clocking for further bullet removal with automatic collapse of the lock
  • the integration of plastic sliding elements on the chain links additionally reduces the mass and allows easy running of the ammunition chain in the guide rails.
  • the tensile forces can be reduced to 15% of the total mass.
  • the bearings are provided with preferably elastic form elements which, in order to avoid the introduction of high-frequency vibrations into the projectile, e.g. by the load on the vehicle during driving, serve.
  • a preferably textile handle on each 1st chain link allows manual insertion and removal of the ammunition chain.
  • a secure locking of the bullet chain in the magazine when introducing, deploying and clocking the ammunition chain is a great advantage of the present solution.
  • By means of the manually operable and spring-loaded locking elements holding the ammunition chain is possible.
  • the manual release of the ammunition chain and strokes for further bullet removal realizes easy handling of the bullet feed.
  • Furthermore, a secure holding the ammunition chain in the magazine is guaranteed even with a malfunction of the locking elements.
  • An additional Holding the chain in the magazine by means of floor flaps with unintentional release of the lock increases the security on the magazine.
  • the proposed magazine is intended for a 120 mm ammunition. It is understood that this construction is also applicable to other calibers and not limited to large caliber.
  • the combination of lightweight magazine rack and lighter ammo chain makes the self-construction of the magazine easier. The fact that the chain can be unlocked or locked enables a loader to easily load and unload a bullet.
  • a designated with 1 ammunition magazine is sketchy and can be referred to as a tub magazine. It has a magazine rack 2 on which a lateral cover 3 is attached on both sides.
  • a console 4 is provided in this embodiment at the lower part, which has at least on the front console 4 preferably two upper brackets 5 for an unspecified additional magazine.
  • the projectile compartments 6 are bounded to the front by projectile compartment flaps 8.
  • the rails 9 have at the rear end connections or means 12 for connecting these rails 9 with the side wall 13 of a not shown vehicle / tank, etc.
  • At the magazine rack 2 are more connections 14 for attachment, for example, provided on the roof of the vehicle.
  • a pawl 16 serves as a control for a locking lever 34 for an ammunition or projectile chain 21 described in more detail later.
  • the actuation of the pawl 16 takes place via a control bolt 31 on the projectile chain 21 (to be described).
  • the projectile compartment flap 8 is mounted on an actuating linkage 18 and is locked by means of magazine latch locks 17.
  • a lower lever is marked, whose function is described in more detail in connection with the bullet removal or bullet placement.
  • FIG. 4 shows in a detail view the occupancy of the projectile compartments 6 with ammunition 20 located in an ammunition chain 21 (not shown here).
  • the ammunition chain 21 consists of several chain links 22 and floor brackets 27, which are connected to each other via eyelets 29.
  • the ammunition chain 21 is arranged horizontally displaceable on the rails 9 of a plane in the direction of its longitudinal axis.
  • the back-end ammunition chain 21 shown in FIG. 5 consists, as already described, of interconnected chain links 22, to which the projectile supports 27 are fastened, which are centrally separable from one another. link 22 and bullet holder 27 may also be made in one piece.
  • the shell-like separable projectile supports 27 have a projectile support adapter 23 in the rear part (shown in front in FIG. 5) of the projectile support 27. This makes it possible to record different projectiles 20 (ammunition), since the projectiles 20 are known to differ from each other in the rear area.
  • plastic surfaces 24 are provided which cause a mechanical damping and slidability to the frame 2, in particular to the rails 9.
  • damping elements 25 also on the adapter 23
  • front and rear can be attached.
  • FIG. 6 shows one half of the projectile holder 27 with a sliding block or chain stopper 33 and the damping elements 25.
  • FIG. 7 shows the ammunition chain 21 with the control bolt 31.
  • each of the magazine latch lock 17 is opened.
  • the projectile compartment flap 8 opens (not shown here) by about 30 ° and can then be rotated by 180 °, so that it can be supported for example on the underlying projectile compartment door 8.
  • the Unterstellhebels 30 of the locking lever 34 is brought into a position which makes it possible to pull the projectile chain with control pin 31 from the magazine.
  • the pawl 16 By pulling the Unterstellhebels 30 of the flap lock 7 by about 20 ° is pressed by spring force, the pawl 16 down and thus holds the lower lever 30 in a vertical position (not shown). With the located on the ammunition chain 21 handle (not shown) now the ammunition chain 21 can be pulled.
  • the pawl 16 is then raised at a run-out slope, not shown, wherein the lower lever 30 endeavors, in the starting position to go back.
  • the lower lever 30 moves to its original position.
  • the control pin 31 of the projectile chain 21 lifts the same time over the inclined plane, the pawl 16 so that the locking lever 34 is returned by spring force back into the starting position.
  • the ammunition chain 21 is stopped and held securely by means of the holding piece or chain stopper 33 located on the opposite projectile holder 27.
  • the projectile chain 21 is now locked again.
  • the projectile 20 is rotated by opening the projectile holder 27 by 90 ° and is thus free from the usually sitting loaders.
  • the projectile 20 can now be removed. For a further removal, the ammunition chain 21 is pulled again, whereby the above procedure is repeated.
  • the bullet / cartridge 20 is removed from the bullet holder 27 and brought in a known manner in the standby magazine, made the igniter setting or prepared the number of propellant charges.
  • the introduction of the ammunition 20 in the ammunition chain 21 runs approximately opposite to the ammunition removal.
  • the projectile 20 is inserted into the opened projectile holder 27.
  • the chain 21 is inserted.
  • the projectile 20 comes in the area of the locking lever 34 and moves it down.
  • the control pin 31 reaches the front outlet slope of the pawl 16, which is raised, so that the Unterstellhebel 30 can move freely.
  • the lower lever 30 returns to its original position, the retaining element 33 of the chain link 22 is moved over the resilient locking lever 16.
  • either the complete ammunition chain 21 can now be introduced in one action or prepared for penetration of the next projectile 20 into the ammunition chain 21 by pulling it out onto the blocking lever 34.
  • the ammunition chain 21 is clamped and even on the side of the charge protection via the locking lever 16, at the chain end by a damper, not shown. Subsequently, the bullet compartment door 8 is closed.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Fittings On The Vehicle Exterior For Carrying Loads, And Devices For Holding Or Mounting Articles (AREA)
  • Vehicle Step Arrangements And Article Storage (AREA)
  • Automatic Tool Replacement In Machine Tools (AREA)

Abstract

Munition magazine comprises a magazine frame (2) as support structure of the magazine with rails (9), a longitudinal support (10) and lateral covers (3) arranged on both sides of the magazine frame. The rails have units (12) on the rear end for connecting to a vehicle wall (13). Preferred Features: The magazine frame has bindings for fixing to the vehicle wall. A console (4) is provided on the covers on the lower part. A bullet compartment flap and a holder are arranged on the longitudinal support.

Description

Aus der DE 197 38 418 A1 ist ein Munitionsmagazin für Mörsermunition bekannt, welches vorschlägt, die Munition raum- und massesparend dadurch unterzubringen, dass die einzelnen Geschosskörper mit Hilfe von Halterungen auf Kettengliedern einer rückensteifen Kette angeordnet werden. Diese Kettenglieder selbst sind in zwei Schienen verschiebbar gelagert. Bekanntlich werden durch das Lagern der Munitionskette auf Rollen, die üblicherweise leichtgängig sind, durch die Bewegung beim Beschleunigen und Abbremsen der Kette hohe Trägheitskräfte erzeugt. Auch lässt sich die Munitionskette selbst von Hand nicht kontrollierbar bewegen. Zudem können über die Rollen die auftretenden stoßartigen Kräfte (z.B. im Fahrbetrieb oder Lufttransport) nicht aufgenommen werden. Die zulässigen Flächenpressungen können überschritten werden.From DE 197 38 418 A1 an ammunition magazine for mortar ammunition is known, which proposes to accommodate the ammunition space and mass saving by the fact that the individual projectile body are arranged with the help of brackets on chain links of a back-rigid chain. These chain links themselves are slidably mounted in two rails. As is known, by storing the ammunition chain on rollers, which are usually smooth, high inertial forces are generated by the movement during acceleration and deceleration of the chain. Also, the ammunition chain itself can not be controlled manually by hand. In addition, the impulsive forces that occur (for example when driving or air transporting) can not be absorbed by the rollers. The permissible surface pressures can be exceeded.

Weitere Magazine sind der DE 100 27 591 C2 sowie der DE 195 14 780 A1 entnehmbar. Diese weisen in der Regel ein zu hohes Eigengewicht auf. Die DE 100 27 591 C1 schlägt zudem vor, unter Zuhilfenahme von einsetzbaren Aufnahmen - und Tragschienen verschiedene Munitionsarten auf- und entnehmbar sind und das Magazin schnell und einfach mittels Mehrfachfunktionen der Schienen auf die jeweilige Munitionsart einstellbar zu machen.Other magazines are DE 100 27 591 C2 and DE 195 14 780 A1 removable. These usually have too much weight. The DE 100 27 591 C1 also proposes, with the help of usable record - and mounting rails different types of ammunition and are removable and to make the magazine quickly and easily by means of multiple functions of the rails on the particular type of ammunition.

Ein Übungsgeschoss auch für großkalibrige Übungspatronen offenbart die DE 35 41 399 C3. Dieses weist eine ein Mundloch aufweisende Geschosshülle auf. Im Mundloch ist mittels Mundlochring ein Aufschlagzünder angeordnet.A training bullet also for large caliber practice cartridges is disclosed in DE 35 41 399 C3. This has a bullet-containing projectile casing. In the mouth hole a percussion fuse is arranged by mouth hole ring.

Ausgehend von diesem Stand der Technik stellt sich die Erfindung die Aufgabe, ein Munitionsmagazin aufzuzeigen, welches zumindest massesparend aufgebaut ist.Based on this prior art, the invention has the object to show an ammunition magazine, which is constructed at least mass-saving.

Gelöst wird die Aufgabe durch die Merkmale des Patentanspruchs 1.The problem is solved by the features of claim 1.

Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen sind in den Unteransprüchen enthalten.Advantageous embodiments are contained in the subclaims.

Der Erfindung liegt die Idee zugrunde, alle Baugruppen des Magazins in Leichtbaukonstruktion auszuführen. Das Magazin besteht hauptsächlich aus einem Magazingestell als tragende Struktur und ist bevorzugt als Stabwerkstruktur ausgeführt. Unter Einbeziehung einer Fahrzeugwand bzw. -wandung / -wanne, Dach als Magazinwände kann wenigstens die hintere aber auch obere Magazinwand entfallen. Die Stabwerkstruktur ist mit der Fahrzeugwand vorzugsweise verschweißt. Dies gewährleistet die Momentaufnahme an den Knoten bei minimaler Verformung der Einzelstreben in allen Belastungsrichtungen. Eine zusätzliche Steifigkeit des Magazins wird mittels seitlich angebrachten Leichtbauwänden als Magazinwände erreicht. Durch die Verwendung von hochfestem Feinkornstahl (z.B. Dünnblech zwischen beispielsweise 2 - 4 mm) wird auch ein minimalster Verzug der vorzugsweise lasergeschweißten Konstruktion Magazin durch Wärme vermeiden.The invention is based on the idea to carry out all modules of the magazine in lightweight construction. The magazine consists mainly of a magazine rack as a supporting structure and is preferably designed as a framework structure. Including a vehicle wall or wall / pan, roof as magazine walls can account for at least the rear but also upper magazine wall. The truss structure is preferably welded to the vehicle wall. This ensures the snapshot at the nodes with minimal deformation of the individual struts in all load directions. An additional rigidity of the magazine is achieved by means of laterally mounted lightweight walls as magazine walls. By using high strength fine grain steel (e.g., thin sheet between, for example, 2 - 4 mm) even a minimal distortion of the preferably laser welded construction of the magazine will be avoided by heat.

Das Magazingestell besteht bevorzugt aus hochfesten lasergeschweißten Baugruppen sowie aus austauschbaren Baugruppen, die höherem Verschleiß unterliegen können. Die verwendeten Führungs- oder Gleitschienen im Magazingestell bestehen beispielsweise aus C-Profilen, wodurch auch ein Halten der Munitionskette in Z - Richtung (nach oben) geschaffen wird. Die Schienen können schraubbar eingebunden werden. Längsträger nehmen diese Gleitschienen für eine Munitionskette auf. Auch diese Baugruppen sind in die Konstruktion so eingebunden, dass über ihre Knotenverbindungen mit den Funktionsbaugruppen Momente übertragen werden können.The magazine rack preferably consists of high-strength laser-welded assemblies as well as exchangeable assemblies which may be subject to greater wear. The guide or slide rails used in the magazine rack consist for example of C-profiles, whereby a holding of the ammunition chain in the Z - direction (up) is created. The rails can be screwed in. Side members take these slides for an ammunition chain. These modules are also integrated into the design in such a way that moments can be transmitted via their node connections to the functional modules.

Dieses Magazingestell hat den Vorteil, dass die Komplettierung des Magazins vor Ort am / im Fahrzeug erfolgen kann. Das ermöglicht die Anpassung des Munitionsmagazins an die fahrzeugeigene Konstruktion.This magazine rack has the advantage that the completion of the magazine can be done locally on / in the vehicle. This allows the ammunition magazine to be adapted to the vehicle's own construction.

Die Munitionskette besteht aus mehrteiligen Kettengliedern, daran befestigten oder mit diesen einteilig ausgebildete Geschosshalterungen, die im hinteren Teil durch Geschoss- Adapter ergänzt werden können. Die Geschosshalterungen und Kettenglieder sind vorzugsweise aus Feinguß und erlangen ihre geforderte Festigkeit und Steifheit erst nach Zusammenfügen ihrer Einzelelemente. Die Einbindung des Adapters in die Geschosshalterung ermöglicht unterschiedliche Geschosstypen, die sich in Form, Größe und Masse sowie Schwerpunktlage unterscheiden, aufzunehmen.The ammunition chain consists of multi-part chain links attached thereto or integrally formed with these projectile mounts, in the rear part by Bullet adapter can be added. The projectile supports and chain links are preferably made of investment casting and obtain their required strength and stiffness only after joining their individual elements. The integration of the adapter in the bullet holder allows different types of bullets, which differ in shape, size and mass as well as the center of gravity, to accommodate.

Die Halterung ist des Weiteren so gestaltet, dass das Geschoss im Bereich der sogenannten Ausziehernut und an der Geschosshülle in axialer Richtung gehalten wird. Ein Lösen des Mundlochkopfrings ist somit nicht möglich.The holder is further designed so that the projectile is held in the region of the so-called pull-out groove and on the projectile casing in the axial direction. A release of the mouth hole head ring is therefore not possible.

Die Verriegelungs- und Steuerungselemente der Kette sind so gestaltet, dass sie nur ein Minimum an Einbauraum und Masse beanspruchen. Es wird ein manuelles Lösen der Kette und manuelles Takten zur weiteren Geschossentnahme bei automatischem Einfallen der Verriegelung realisiertThe locking and control elements of the chain are designed so that they require only a minimum of installation space and mass. It is realized a manual release of the chain and manual clocking for further bullet removal with automatic collapse of the lock

Die Integration von Kunststoffgleitelementen an den Kettengliedern reduziert zusätzlich die Masse und ermöglichen einen leichten Lauf der Munitionskette in den Führungsschienen. Die Zugkräfte können auf 15% der Gesamtmasse reduziert werden. Die Lagerstellen sind mit vorzugsweise elastischen Formelementen versehen, die zur Vermeidung von Einleitungen hochfrequenter Schwingungen in das Geschoss, z.B. durch die fahrzeugseitige Belastung im Fahrbetrieb, dienen.The integration of plastic sliding elements on the chain links additionally reduces the mass and allows easy running of the ammunition chain in the guide rails. The tensile forces can be reduced to 15% of the total mass. The bearings are provided with preferably elastic form elements which, in order to avoid the introduction of high-frequency vibrations into the projectile, e.g. by the load on the vehicle during driving, serve.

Ein vorzugsweise textiler Handgriff am jeweils 1. Kettenglied ermöglicht das manuelle Einbringen und Herausziehen der Munitionskette.A preferably textile handle on each 1st chain link allows manual insertion and removal of the ammunition chain.

Ein sicheres Verriegeln der Geschoßkette im Magazin beim Einbringen, Ausbringen und beim Takten der Munitionskette ist ein großer Vorteil der vorliegenden Lösung. Mittels der von Hand betätigbaren und federbelasteten Verriegelungselemente ist ein Halten der Munitionskette möglich. Das manuelle Lösen der Munitionskette und Takten zur weiteren Geschossentnahme realisiert eine leichte Handhabung der Geschosszufuhr. Weiterhin wird ein sicheres Halten der Munitionskette im Magazin auch bei einer Fehlfunktion der Verriegelungselemente gewährleistet. Ein zusätzliches Halten der Kette im Magazin durch Geschossklappen bei nicht beabsichtigter Lösung der Verriegelung erhöht die Sicherheit am Magazin.A secure locking of the bullet chain in the magazine when introducing, deploying and clocking the ammunition chain is a great advantage of the present solution. By means of the manually operable and spring-loaded locking elements holding the ammunition chain is possible. The manual release of the ammunition chain and strokes for further bullet removal realizes easy handling of the bullet feed. Furthermore, a secure holding the ammunition chain in the magazine is guaranteed even with a malfunction of the locking elements. An additional Holding the chain in the magazine by means of floor flaps with unintentional release of the lock increases the security on the magazine.

Mit der vorgenannten Lösung und den konstruktiven Maßnahmen wird erreicht, dass das Gewichtsverhältnis Magazingewicht zu Masse des Geschosses verändert wird. Dieses beträgt durch die neuartige Gestaltung beispielsweise 1,2 kg für die Halterung gegenüber 15 kg Geschossgewicht. Die Abstützeffekte zwischen den Kettengliedern sorgen dafür, dass die Belastungen von 2 Kettengliedschenkeln aufgenommen werden.With the aforementioned solution and the design measures it is achieved that the weight ratio magazine weight is changed to the mass of the projectile. This is due to the novel design, for example, 1.2 kg for the bracket against 15 kg bullet weight. The supporting effects between the chain links ensure that the loads of 2 chain link legs are absorbed.

Das vorgeschlagene Magazin ist gedacht für eine 120 mm Munition. Es versteht sich, dass diese Konstruktion auch für andere Kaliber anwendbar und nicht auf Großkaliber beschränkt ist. Die Kombination von leichtem Magazingestell und leichterer Munitionskette macht die Eigenkonstruktion des Magazins leichter. Dass die Kette entriegelbar bzw. verriegelbar ist, ermöglicht einem Ladeschützen eine einfache Geschossbeladung und -entnahme.The proposed magazine is intended for a 120 mm ammunition. It is understood that this construction is also applicable to other calibers and not limited to large caliber. The combination of lightweight magazine rack and lighter ammo chain makes the self-construction of the magazine easier. The fact that the chain can be unlocked or locked enables a loader to easily load and unload a bullet.

Anhand eines Ausführungsbeispiels mit Zeichnung soll die Erfindung näher erläutert werden.Reference to an embodiment with drawing, the invention will be explained in more detail.

Es zeigt

Fig. 1
ein Magazin,
Fig. 2
Details des Magazins aus Fig. 1,
Fig. 3
den Längsträger aus Fig. 2,
Fig. 4
in einer Seitenansicht auszugsweise das mit Munition belegte Magazin,
Fig. 5
eine Geschosshalterung einer Munitionskette für die Munition,
Fig. 6
eine Kettenhälfte der Munitionskette,
Fig. 7
die Munitionskette mit Steuerbolzen,
Fig. 8a -d
einen skizzenhaften Ablauf der Munitionsentnahme.
It shows
Fig. 1
a magazine,
Fig. 2
Details of the magazine of Fig. 1,
Fig. 3
the side member of Fig. 2,
Fig. 4
in a side view extracts the ammunition occupied magazine,
Fig. 5
a bullet mount of an ammunition chain for the ammunition,
Fig. 6
one half of the chain of ammunition,
Fig. 7
the ammunition chain with control bolts,
Fig. 8a-d
a sketchy process of ammunition removal.

In Fig. 1 ist ein mit 1 bezeichnetes Munitionsmagazin skizzenhaft dargestellt und kann als Wannenmagazin bezeichnet werden. Es weist ein Magazingestell 2 auf, an welchem beidseitig jeweils eine seitliche Abdeckung 3 angebracht ist. An den Abdeckungen 3 ist in dieser Ausführung am unteren Teil eine Konsole 4 vorgesehen, die zumindest an der vorderen Konsole 4 vorzugsweise zwei obere Halterungen 5 für ein nicht näher dargestelltes Zusatzmagazin aufweist. Mit 7 sind Geschossreihen- bzw. Geschossfach- und Klappenverriegelungen (Verriegelung 7) je Geschossreihe bzw. - fach 6 gekennzeichnet. Die Geschossfächer 6 sind nach vorne begrenzt durch Geschossfachklappen 8.In Fig. 1, a designated with 1 ammunition magazine is sketchy and can be referred to as a tub magazine. It has a magazine rack 2 on which a lateral cover 3 is attached on both sides. At the covers 3, a console 4 is provided in this embodiment at the lower part, which has at least on the front console 4 preferably two upper brackets 5 for an unspecified additional magazine. With 7 geschoßreihen- or Geschoßfach- and flap locks (lock 7) per floor row or - fold 6 are marked. The projectile compartments 6 are bounded to the front by projectile compartment flaps 8.

Mit dem Magazingestell 2 verbunden sind des Weiteren Schienen 9 sowie Längsträger 10. Die Schienen 9 besitzen am hinteren Ende Anbindungen bzw. Mittel 12 zur Verbindung dieser Schienen 9 mit der Seitenwand 13 eines nicht näher dargestellten Fahrzeugs / Panzers etc. Am Magazingestell 2 sind weitere Anbindungen 14 zur Befestigung beispielsweise am Dach des Fahrzeugs vorgesehen.The rails 9 have at the rear end connections or means 12 for connecting these rails 9 with the side wall 13 of a not shown vehicle / tank, etc. At the magazine rack 2 are more connections 14 for attachment, for example, provided on the roof of the vehicle.

Die Fig. 3 zeigt einen der Längsträger 10 mit seinen Anbauteilen. Rechts und links vom Längsträger sind Halter 15 vorzugsweise mittels Schraubung befestigt, die weitere Funktionselemente, wie Teile der Verriegelung 7, aufnehmen. Eine Sperrklinke 16 dient als Steuerelement für einen Sperrhebel 34 für eine später näher beschriebene Munitions- bzw. Geschosskette 21. Die Betätigung der Sperrklinke 16 erfolgt über einen Steuerbolzen 31 an der Geschosskette 21 (wird noch ausgeführt). Die Geschossfachklappe 8 ist auf einem Betätigungsgestänge 18 gelagert und wird über Magazinklappenverriegelungen 17 verriegelt. Mit 30 ist ein Unterstellhebel gekennzeichnet, dessen Funktion im Zusammenhang mit der Geschossentnahme bzw. Geschossbestückung noch näher beschrieben wird.3 shows one of the longitudinal members 10 with its attachments. Right and left of the longitudinal member holder 15 are preferably fastened by means of screwing, the other functional elements, such as parts of the latch 7, record. A pawl 16 serves as a control for a locking lever 34 for an ammunition or projectile chain 21 described in more detail later. The actuation of the pawl 16 takes place via a control bolt 31 on the projectile chain 21 (to be described). The projectile compartment flap 8 is mounted on an actuating linkage 18 and is locked by means of magazine latch locks 17. At 30, a lower lever is marked, whose function is described in more detail in connection with the bullet removal or bullet placement.

Fig. 4 zeigt in einer Auszugsdarstellung die Belegung der Geschossfächer 6 mit in einer Munitionskette 21 befindlichen Munition 20 (hier nicht dargestellt). Die Munitionskette 21 besteht aus mehreren Kettengliedern 22 und Geschosshalterungen 27, die über Ösen 29 miteinander verbunden sind. Die Munitionskette 21 ist auf den Schienen 9 einer Ebene in Richtung ihrer Längsachse horizontal verschiebbar angeordnet.FIG. 4 shows in a detail view the occupancy of the projectile compartments 6 with ammunition 20 located in an ammunition chain 21 (not shown here). The ammunition chain 21 consists of several chain links 22 and floor brackets 27, which are connected to each other via eyelets 29. The ammunition chain 21 is arranged horizontally displaceable on the rails 9 of a plane in the direction of its longitudinal axis.

Die in Fig. 5 dargestellte rückensteife Munitionskette 21 besteht, wie bereits beschrieben, aus miteinander verbundenen Kettengliedern 22, an denen die Geschosshalterungen 27 befestigt sind, die mittig voneinander trennbar sind. Kettenglied 22 und Geschosshalterung 27 können auch einteilig ausgeführt sein. Die schalenartigen, trennbaren Geschosshalterungen 27 weisen im hinteren Teil (in der Fig. 5 vorne dargestellt) der Geschosshalterung 27 einen Geschosshalterungsadapter 23 auf. Dieser ermöglicht, unterschiedliche Geschosse 20 (Munition) aufnehmen zu könne, da die Geschosse 20 bekanntlich sich im hinteren Bereich voneinander unterscheiden. Am auf den Schienen 9 aufliegenden Teil der Kettenglieder 22 sind Kunststoffflächen 24 vorgesehen, die eine mechanische Dämpfung und Gleitfähigkeit zum Gestell 2, insbesondere zu den Schienen 9 bewirken. Für eine Dämpfung zum Geschoss /Patrone 20 können Dämpfungselemente 25 (auch am Adapter 23) vorne und hinten angebracht werden.The back-end ammunition chain 21 shown in FIG. 5 consists, as already described, of interconnected chain links 22, to which the projectile supports 27 are fastened, which are centrally separable from one another. link 22 and bullet holder 27 may also be made in one piece. The shell-like separable projectile supports 27 have a projectile support adapter 23 in the rear part (shown in front in FIG. 5) of the projectile support 27. This makes it possible to record different projectiles 20 (ammunition), since the projectiles 20 are known to differ from each other in the rear area. On resting on the rails 9 part of the chain links 22 plastic surfaces 24 are provided which cause a mechanical damping and slidability to the frame 2, in particular to the rails 9. For damping to the bullet / cartridge 20 damping elements 25 (also on the adapter 23) front and rear can be attached.

Fig. 6 zeigt eine Hälfte der Geschosshalterung 27 mit einem Gleitstein bzw. Kettenstopper 33 sowie den Dämpfungselementen 25.6 shows one half of the projectile holder 27 with a sliding block or chain stopper 33 and the damping elements 25.

Fig. 7 zeigt die Munitionskette 21 mit dem Steuerbolzen 31.FIG. 7 shows the ammunition chain 21 with the control bolt 31.

Anhand der Fig. 8a - 8d soll die Funktionsweise der Geschossentnahme aus als auch der Bestückung in das Magazin 1 anhand der wesentlichen Elemente näher erläutert werden.Based on the essential elements, the mode of operation of the projectile removal as well as the placement in the magazine 1 will be explained in more detail with reference to FIGS. 8a-8d.

Für die Entnahme eines Geschosses 20 wird in der Regel rechts und links jeweils die Magazinklappenverriegelung 17 geöffnet. Durch Betätigung öffnet sich die Geschossfachklappe 8 (hier nicht näher dargestellt) um ca. 30° und kann dann anschließend um 180° gedreht werden, so dass sie sich beispielsweise an der darunterliegenden Geschossfachklappe 8 abstützen kann. Durch Ziehen des Unterstellhebels 30 wird der Sperrhebel 34 in eine Stellung gebracht, die es ermöglicht, die Geschosskette mit Steuerbolzen 31 aus dem Magazin zu ziehen.
Durch Ziehen des Unterstellhebels 30 der Klappenverriegelung 7 um ca. 20° wird über Federkraft die Sperrklinke 16 nach unten gedrückt und hält somit den Unterstellhebel 30 in einer senkrechten Position (nicht extra dargestellt). Mit dem an der Munitionskette 21 befindlichen Handgriff (nicht näher dargestellt) kann nun die Munitionskette 21 gezogen werden. Über den am Kettenglied 22 befindlichen Steuerbolzen 31 wird dann an einer nicht näher dargestellten Auslaufschräge die Sperrklinke 16 angehoben, wobei der Unterstellhebel 30 bestrebt ist, in die Ausgangsstellung zurück zu gehen. Nachdem sich die Geschossmitte M in etwa über dem Sperrhebel 34 befindet, bewegt sich der Unterhebel 30 in seine Ausgangsposition. Der Steuerbolzen 31 der Geschosskette 21 hebt zeitgleich über die schiefe Ebene die Sperrklinke 16 so an, dass der Sperrhebel 34 durch Federkraft wieder in Ausgangsstellung zurückgeführt wird. Die Munitionskette 21 wird über das an der gegenüberliegenden Geschosshalterung 27 befindliche Haltestück bzw. Kettenstopper 33 gestoppt und sicher gehalten. Die Geschosskette 21 ist nun wieder arretiert. Nunmehr wird das Geschoss 20 durch Öffnen der Geschosshalterung 27 um 90° gedreht und liegt somit frei vor dem in der Regel sitzenden Ladeschützen. Das Geschoss 20 kann nun entnommen werden. Für eine weitere Entnahme wird die Munitionskette 21 erneut gezogen, wobei sich der vorgenannte Ablauf wiederholt.For the removal of a projectile 20 is usually right and left each of the magazine latch lock 17 is opened. By operation, the projectile compartment flap 8 opens (not shown here) by about 30 ° and can then be rotated by 180 °, so that it can be supported for example on the underlying projectile compartment door 8. By pulling the Unterstellhebels 30 of the locking lever 34 is brought into a position which makes it possible to pull the projectile chain with control pin 31 from the magazine.
By pulling the Unterstellhebels 30 of the flap lock 7 by about 20 ° is pressed by spring force, the pawl 16 down and thus holds the lower lever 30 in a vertical position (not shown). With the located on the ammunition chain 21 handle (not shown) now the ammunition chain 21 can be pulled. About the chain link 22 located on the control pin 31, the pawl 16 is then raised at a run-out slope, not shown, wherein the lower lever 30 endeavors, in the starting position to go back. After the bullet center M is located approximately above the locking lever 34, the lower lever 30 moves to its original position. The control pin 31 of the projectile chain 21 lifts the same time over the inclined plane, the pawl 16 so that the locking lever 34 is returned by spring force back into the starting position. The ammunition chain 21 is stopped and held securely by means of the holding piece or chain stopper 33 located on the opposite projectile holder 27. The projectile chain 21 is now locked again. Now, the projectile 20 is rotated by opening the projectile holder 27 by 90 ° and is thus free from the usually sitting loaders. The projectile 20 can now be removed. For a further removal, the ammunition chain 21 is pulled again, whereby the above procedure is repeated.

Je nach Feuerkommando wird das Geschoss / Patrone 20 aus der Geschosshalterung 27 entnommen und in bekannter Art und Weise in das Bereitschaftsmagazin gebracht, die Zündereinstellung vorgenommen bzw. die Anzahl der Treibladungen präpariert.Depending on the fire command the bullet / cartridge 20 is removed from the bullet holder 27 and brought in a known manner in the standby magazine, made the igniter setting or prepared the number of propellant charges.

Das Einbringen der Munition 20 in die Munitionskette 21 verläuft annähernd entgegengesetzt der Munitionsentnahme. Das Geschoss 20 wird in die geöffnete Geschosshalterung 27 eingelegt. Durch Schließen der Geschosshalterung 27 ist es möglich, das Geschoss 20 um 90° zu drehen. Danach wird die Kette 21 eingeschoben. Das Geschoss 20 kommt in den Bereich des Sperrhebels 34 und bewegt diesen nach unten. Der Steuerbolzen 31 erreicht die vordere Auslaufschräge der Sperrklinke 16, die angehoben wird, so dass sich der Unterstellhebel 30 frei bewegen kann. Der Unterstellhebel 30 geht in seine Ausgangsstellung zurück, das Halteelement 33 des Kettengliedes 22 wird über den federnden Sperrhebel 16 bewegt. Durch weiteres Einschieben der Kette 21 kann nun entweder die komplette Munitionskette 21 in einer Aktion eingebracht werden oder zum Einringen des nächsten Geschosses 20 in die Munitionskette 21 durch Herausziehen an den Sperrhebel 34 vorbereitet werden.The introduction of the ammunition 20 in the ammunition chain 21 runs approximately opposite to the ammunition removal. The projectile 20 is inserted into the opened projectile holder 27. By closing the projectile holder 27, it is possible to rotate the projectile 20 by 90 °. Thereafter, the chain 21 is inserted. The projectile 20 comes in the area of the locking lever 34 and moves it down. The control pin 31 reaches the front outlet slope of the pawl 16, which is raised, so that the Unterstellhebel 30 can move freely. The lower lever 30 returns to its original position, the retaining element 33 of the chain link 22 is moved over the resilient locking lever 16. By further insertion of the chain 21, either the complete ammunition chain 21 can now be introduced in one action or prepared for penetration of the next projectile 20 into the ammunition chain 21 by pulling it out onto the blocking lever 34.

Im komplett eingeschobenen Zustand ist die Munitionskette 21 eingespannt und zwar auch an der Seite des Ladungsschützens über den Sperrhebel 16 , am Kettenende durch einen nicht näher dargestellten Dämpfer. Anschließend wird die Geschossfachklappe 8 geschlossen.In the fully inserted state, the ammunition chain 21 is clamped and even on the side of the charge protection via the locking lever 16, at the chain end by a damper, not shown. Subsequently, the bullet compartment door 8 is closed.

Auch bei ungewollter Betätigung des Unterstellhebels 30 wird die Munitionskette 21 über die geschlossene Geschossfachklappe 8 gehalten.Even with unintentional actuation of the lower lever 30, the ammunition chain 21 is held on the closed floor flap 8.

Claims (15)

Munitionsmagazin (1) zur Aufnahme von Munition (20), insbesondere großkalibrige Munition, bestehend aus einem Magazingestell (2) als tragende Struktur des Magazins (1), mit Schienen (9), wenigstens einem Längsträger (10) und seitlichen Abdeckungen (3), die beidseitig am Magazingestell (2) angebracht sind, wobei wenigstens die Schienen (9) am hinteren Ende Mittel (12) zur Verbindung mit einer fahrzeugeigenen Fahrzeugwand (13) besitzen.Ammunition magazine (1) for receiving ammunition (20), in particular large-caliber ammunition, consisting of a magazine rack (2) as a supporting structure of the magazine (1), with rails (9), at least one longitudinal member (10) and side covers (3) which are mounted on both sides of the magazine rack (2), wherein at least the rails (9) at the rear end have means (12) for connection to an on-board vehicle wall (13). Munitionsmagazin nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Magazingestell (2) Anbindungen (14) zur Befestigung mit einer fahrzeugeigenen Fahrzeugwand (13) aufweist.Ammunition magazine according to claim 1, characterized in that the magazine rack (2) has connections (14) for attachment to an on-board vehicle wall (13). Munitionsmagazin nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass an den Abdeckungen (3) am unteren Teil jeweils eine Konsole (4) vorgesehen ist.Ammunition magazine according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that on the covers (3) at the lower part in each case a console (4) is provided. Munitionsmagazin nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass an wenigsten einer der Konsolen (4) obere Halterungen (5) für ein Zusatzmagazin vorhanden sind.Ammunition magazine according to claim 3, characterized in that at least one of the brackets (4) upper brackets (5) for an additional magazine are present. Munitionsmagazin nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass am Längsträger (10) eine Geschossfachklappe (8) und rechts und links Halter (15) angebracht sind, wobei wenigstens der rechte Halter (15) eine Magazinklappenverriegelung (17) aufnimmt.Ammunition magazine according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that on the side member (10) a projectile compartment flap (8) and right and left holders (15) are mounted, wherein at least the right holder (15) receives a magazine latch locking (17). Munitionsmagazin nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass am linken Halter (15) eine Sperrklinke (16) angebracht ist.Ammunition magazine according to claim 5, characterized in that on the left holder (15) has a pawl (16) is mounted. Munitionsmagazin nach einem der vorgenannten Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass eine Munitionskette (21) auf wenigstens zwei Schienen (9) einer Ebene in Richtung ihrer Längsachse horizontal verschiebbar geführt wird.Ammunition magazine according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that an ammunition chain (21) is guided horizontally displaceable on at least two rails (9) of a plane in the direction of its longitudinal axis. Munitionsmagazin nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Munitionskette (21) Kettenglieder (22) Geschosshalterungen (27) aufweist, wobei die Geschosshalterung (27) im hinteren Teil durch Geschosshalterungsadapter (23) ergänzt werden können.Ammunition magazine according to claim 7, characterized in that the ammunition chain (21) chain links (22) projectile holders (27), wherein the projectile holder (27) can be supplemented in the rear by bullet holder adapter (23). Munitionsmagazin nach Anspruch 7 oder 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass an der Geschosshalterung (27) bzw. am Geschosshalterungsadapter (23) Dämpfungselemente (25) eingebunden sind.Ammunition magazine according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that damping elements (25) are integrated on the projectile support (27) or on the projectile mounting adapter (23). Munitionsmagazin nach einem der Ansprüche 7 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Kettenglieder (22) mit Kunststoffflächen (24) versehen sind.Ammunition magazine according to one of claims 7 to 9, characterized in that the chain links (22) are provided with plastic surfaces (24). Munitionsmagazin nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass eine Geschossfach- und Klappenverriegelung (7) sowie eine Munitionskettenverriegelung vorgesehen ist.Ammunition magazine according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that a projectile compartment and flap lock (7) and an ammunition chain lock is provided. Munitionsmagazin nach Anspruch 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Munitionskettenverriegelung im Wesentlichen aus der Sperrklinke (16), einem Unterstellhebel (30) für die Sperrklinke (16), einem Sperrhebel (34) sowie einem an der Geschosshalterung (27) befindlichen Kettenstopper (33) im Zusammenspiel mit dem Steuerbolzen (31) gebildet wird.Ammunition magazine according to claim 11, characterized in that the ammunition chain lock consists essentially of the pawl (16), a Unterstellhebel (30) for the pawl (16), a locking lever (34) and a on the bullet holder (27) located chain stopper (33) in interaction with the control pin (31) is formed. Munitionsmagazin nach einem der Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Magazingestell (2) aus einem hochfestem Feinkornstahl, wie Dünnblech besteht.Ammunition magazine according to one of the claims, characterized in that the magazine rack (2) consists of a high-strength fine-grained steel, such as thin sheet. Munitionsmagazin nach Anspruch 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Dicke des Feinkornstahls zwischen 2 - 4 mm liegt.Ammunition magazine according to claim 13, characterized in that the thickness of the fine-grained steel is between 2 - 4 mm. Munitionsmagazin nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 14, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass bei 120 mm Munition (20) vertikal ein Abstand von 125 mm und horizontal ein Abstand von 140 mm von Geschossmitte (M) zur Geschossmitte (M) realisiert wird.Ammunition magazine according to one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that at 120 mm ammunition (20) vertically a distance of 125 mm and horizontally a distance of 140 mm from the center of the projectile (M) to the center of the projectile (M) is realized.
EP05015298A 2004-08-11 2005-07-14 Ammunition magazine in particular for large caliber ammunition Not-in-force EP1626241B1 (en)

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DE102004038929 2004-08-11
DE102004050218A DE102004050218A1 (en) 2004-08-11 2004-10-15 Ammunition magazine for in particular large caliber ammunition

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EP1626241B1 EP1626241B1 (en) 2007-05-30

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DE102004050218A1 (en) 2006-02-23
ATE363639T1 (en) 2007-06-15
DE502005000771D1 (en) 2007-07-12
EP1626241B1 (en) 2007-05-30

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