EP1622799A1 - Method for the operation of a hydraulic brake system with an integrated parking-brake function for motor vehicles - Google Patents

Method for the operation of a hydraulic brake system with an integrated parking-brake function for motor vehicles

Info

Publication number
EP1622799A1
EP1622799A1 EP04726165A EP04726165A EP1622799A1 EP 1622799 A1 EP1622799 A1 EP 1622799A1 EP 04726165 A EP04726165 A EP 04726165A EP 04726165 A EP04726165 A EP 04726165A EP 1622799 A1 EP1622799 A1 EP 1622799A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
hydraulic pump
wheel brakes
brake
parking brake
pressure
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP04726165A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Bernhard Giers
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Continental Teves AG and Co OHG
Original Assignee
Continental Teves AG and Co OHG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Continental Teves AG and Co OHG filed Critical Continental Teves AG and Co OHG
Publication of EP1622799A1 publication Critical patent/EP1622799A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T7/00—Brake-action initiating means
    • B60T7/02—Brake-action initiating means for personal initiation
    • B60T7/08—Brake-action initiating means for personal initiation hand actuated
    • B60T7/085—Brake-action initiating means for personal initiation hand actuated by electrical means, e.g. travel, force sensors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T17/00—Component parts, details, or accessories of power brake systems not covered by groups B60T8/00, B60T13/00 or B60T15/00, or presenting other characteristic features
    • B60T17/08—Brake cylinders other than ultimate actuators
    • B60T17/16—Locking of brake cylinders
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T7/00—Brake-action initiating means
    • B60T7/02—Brake-action initiating means for personal initiation
    • B60T7/08—Brake-action initiating means for personal initiation hand actuated
    • B60T7/10—Disposition of hand control
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T7/00—Brake-action initiating means
    • B60T7/02—Brake-action initiating means for personal initiation
    • B60T7/08—Brake-action initiating means for personal initiation hand actuated
    • B60T7/10—Disposition of hand control
    • B60T7/107—Disposition of hand control with electrical power assistance
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T8/00—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force
    • B60T8/32—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force responsive to a speed condition, e.g. acceleration or deceleration
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T8/00—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force
    • B60T8/32—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force responsive to a speed condition, e.g. acceleration or deceleration
    • B60T8/34—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force responsive to a speed condition, e.g. acceleration or deceleration having a fluid pressure regulator responsive to a speed condition
    • B60T8/40—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force responsive to a speed condition, e.g. acceleration or deceleration having a fluid pressure regulator responsive to a speed condition comprising an additional fluid circuit including fluid pressurising means for modifying the pressure of the braking fluid, e.g. including wheel driven pumps for detecting a speed condition, or pumps which are controlled by means independent of the braking system
    • B60T8/404—Control of the pump unit
    • B60T8/4059—Control of the pump unit involving the rate of delivery
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T8/00—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force
    • B60T8/32—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force responsive to a speed condition, e.g. acceleration or deceleration
    • B60T8/34—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force responsive to a speed condition, e.g. acceleration or deceleration having a fluid pressure regulator responsive to a speed condition
    • B60T8/48—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force responsive to a speed condition, e.g. acceleration or deceleration having a fluid pressure regulator responsive to a speed condition connecting the brake actuator to an alternative or additional source of fluid pressure, e.g. traction control systems
    • B60T8/4809—Traction control, stability control, using both the wheel brakes and other automatic braking systems
    • B60T8/4827—Traction control, stability control, using both the wheel brakes and other automatic braking systems in hydraulic brake systems
    • B60T8/4863—Traction control, stability control, using both the wheel brakes and other automatic braking systems in hydraulic brake systems closed systems
    • B60T8/4872—Traction control, stability control, using both the wheel brakes and other automatic braking systems in hydraulic brake systems closed systems pump-back systems
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D65/00—Parts or details
    • F16D65/14—Actuating mechanisms for brakes; Means for initiating operation at a predetermined position
    • F16D65/16—Actuating mechanisms for brakes; Means for initiating operation at a predetermined position arranged in or on the brake
    • F16D65/18—Actuating mechanisms for brakes; Means for initiating operation at a predetermined position arranged in or on the brake adapted for drawing members together, e.g. for disc brakes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D2121/00—Type of actuator operation force
    • F16D2121/02—Fluid pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D2127/00—Auxiliary mechanisms
    • F16D2127/06—Locking mechanisms, e.g. acting on actuators, on release mechanisms or on force transmission mechanisms
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D2129/00—Type of operation source for auxiliary mechanisms
    • F16D2129/06—Electric or magnetic
    • F16D2129/08—Electromagnets

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for operating a hydraulic brake system with integrated parking brake function for motor vehicles with two vehicle axles, which essentially consists of a pedal-operated pressure transmitter, at least one hydraulic pump, an operating element connected to an electronic control and regulating unit, and with inlet and outlet valves provided wheel brakes, the wheel brakes assigned to the second vehicle axle having means for performing a parking brake operation.
  • Such a hydraulic vehicle brake with a parking brake device is known from US Pat. No. 4,215,767.
  • a hydraulic pump In order to carry out a parking brake operation, it is provided in the previously known system that the pressure build-up in the operating pressure chamber is realized by a hydraulic pump, as a result of which a brake piston is displaced and can be locked with the aid of a threaded nut-spindle combination provided with friction surfaces.
  • the disturbing noise caused by the hydraulic pump when building up pressure is, however, to be regarded as less advantageous.
  • this object is achieved in that the hydraulic pump is controlled in such a way that the pressure required to initiate and / or terminate a parking brake operation is built up with a minimally possible pressure build-up gradient. This measure creates a low-noise pressure build-up.
  • a particularly advantageous development provides that the activation mode of the hydraulic pump is determined by the vehicle driver.
  • the hydraulic pump When the control element is briefly actuated by the vehicle driver, the hydraulic pump is actuated in such a way that the pressure required to carry out a parking brake operation builds up more slowly in the wheel brakes assigned to the second axis than when the control element is actuated over a longer period of time.
  • the pressure applied to the wheel brakes during a service braking phase is used to initiate a parking brake operation.
  • Fig.l is a schematic diagram of a hydraulic brake system on which the inventive method can be carried out and
  • FIG. 2 shows an axial sectional view of a hydraulic wheel brake for motor vehicles, which is used in the brake system shown in FIG. 1 on a vehicle axle.
  • the circuit diagram of a brake system for motor vehicles shown schematically in FIG. 1, has wheel brakes 3 on a first axle, the front axle, which, in contrast to other wheel brakes 2 on a second axle, the rear axle, have no locking device for carrying out a parking brake operation ,
  • the wheel brakes 2 with locking device are described in more detail below with reference to FIG. 2.
  • the wheel brakes 2, 3 are pressurized via inlet valves 13, 17 by a pedal-operated pressure transmitter 31, which is shown in FIG. 1 as a vacuum brake booster with a downstream master cylinder.
  • the pressure reduction in the wheel brakes 2, 3 takes place via outlet valves 14, 18, whereby the brake fluid in low pressure accumulator 32, 33 is required.
  • the brake system has an electronic control and regulating unit 9, and for the wheel brakes 2, 3 on both vehicle axles a hydraulic pump 4, 40, which together for the implementation of anti-lock controls (ABS) and for controls in the electronic stability program (ESP) are necessary.
  • ABS anti-lock controls
  • ESP electronic stability program
  • the hydraulic wheel brake 2 shown in FIG. 2 for motor vehicles has a brake housing 1 which engages around the outer edge of a brake disk 26 and two brake pads 24, 25.
  • the brake housing 1 has a brake cylinder 5 which receives a brake piston 6 axially displaceably.
  • brake fluid can be supplied by means of a hydraulic connection 8, so that a brake pressure builds up, which axially displaces the brake piston 6 towards the brake disk 26.
  • the brake lining 24 facing the brake piston 6 is printed against the brake disk 26, the brake housing 1 shifting in the opposite direction as a reaction and thereby also pressing the other brake lining 25 against the brake disk 26.
  • the wheel brake 2 shown in the drawing has a working memory 10 on the side of the brake housing 1 facing away from the brake piston 6.
  • the working memory 10 essentially consists of a storage piston 94 delimiting the operating pressure chamber 7 and a spring element 90 and ensures that the application force acting on the brake pads 24, 25 during a parking brake operation is almost independent of thermally induced changes in the area of the brake housing 1.
  • means for locking the brake piston 6 required, which are formed from a locking nut designed as a threaded nut-spindle arrangement and a first friction surface 98 on the storage piston 94.
  • the threaded nut-spindle arrangement the threaded nut 15 of which is formed in one piece with the brake piston 6, has a spindle 16 coupled to the threaded nut 15 by means of a non-self-locking thread.
  • the spindle 16 has a second friction surface 97 which cooperates with the first friction surface 98 just mentioned on the storage piston 94 when the brake piston 6 is locked.
  • a locking unit which is arranged outside the working memory 10 and is formed by two electromagnetic actuators designed as electromagnets 91, the armatures 92 of which are firmly connected to a locking element 93 designed as a slide.
  • the accumulator piston 94 is blocked by the slide 93 by preventing a translatory movement of a force-transmitting part 96, which is firmly connected to the accumulator piston 94, in the direction of the brake piston 6.
  • the force-transmitting part 96 is designed in such a way that it has two projections which are received by cutouts formed in the slide 93.
  • the force-transmitting part 96 is prevented from moving in the direction of the brake piston 6 by the projections being supported on the slide 93. If the slide 93 is moved by the electromagnets 91 in such a way that the projections of the force-transmitting part 96 are aligned with the cutouts on the slide 93, the force-transmitting part 96 or the storage piston 94 can move in the direction of the brake piston 6.
  • a hydraulic pressure is built up in the operating pressure chamber 7, which causes both a displacement of the brake piston 6 in the drawing to the left and a displacement of the storage piston 94 against the force of the spring element 90 in the drawing to the right.
  • the slide 93 can be actuated and can release the force-transmitting part 96.
  • a translatory movement of the storage piston 94 in the direction of the brake piston 6 takes place through the hydraulically prestressed spring element 90 until the friction surfaces 97, 98 engage, with which the brake piston 6 engages in one locked state.
  • the spindle 16 lifts off the central bearing 21 and the spring element 90 acts by means of the closed force flow from the storage piston 94 via the threaded nut-spindle arrangement on the brake piston 6 and applies the application force required to carry out the parking brake operation.
  • a hydraulic pressure is again built up in the operating pressure chamber 7 by the already mentioned hydraulic pump 4 and the accumulator piston 94 is shifted to the right in FIG. 2, the spring element 90 being hydraulically preloaded. Since the effective diameter of the accumulator piston 94 is selected to be larger than the effective diameter of the brake piston 6, the activation pressure for carrying out a parking brake operation is reduced.
  • the accumulator piston 94 is then blocked again by the slide 93 by means of the force-transmitting part 96.
  • the method according to the invention described below with reference to FIG. 1 provides that the hydraulic pump 4 is controlled in such a way that the pressure required to initiate and end a parking brake operation is built up with little noise.
  • This will be the necessary pressure built up by the hydraulic pump 4 with a minimum possible pressure build-up gradient predetermined by the construction property of the hydraulic pump 4.
  • the pressure build-up gradient means the time gradient of the delivery rate of the hydraulic pump 4. If this pressure build-up gradient is chosen to be sufficiently small, the noise generated by the hydraulic pump 4 is no longer perceptible to the driver in the interior of his motor vehicle.
  • the pressure in the wheel brakes 2 assigned to the rear axle is at the same time with the outlet valves closed 14 initially built up with a maximum possible pressure build-up gradient predetermined by the construction properties of the hydraulic pump 4. This continues until the brake pistons 6 of the wheel brakes 2 described with reference to FIG. 2 exert a sufficiently large application force for the safe standstill of the motor vehicle.
  • the pressure required for a sufficiently large application force is either determined with the aid of an acceleration sensor (not shown in FIG. 1) or, if no acceleration sensor is provided, by a sufficiently large pressure value.
  • the hydraulic pump 4 then builds up the pressure additionally required by means of the minimal pressure gradient just mentioned until the storage piston 94 described with the aid of FIG. 2 has been displaced sufficiently and the slide 93 can release the force-transmitting part 96 and thus the storage piston 94 ,
  • the inlet valves 13 and opening the outlet valves 14 By closing the inlet valves 13 and opening the outlet valves 14, the already described friction surfaces 97, 98 are brought into engagement with one another and the brake pistons 6 of the wheel brakes 2 of the rear axle se are locked by the action of the spring assembly 90 in a closed state, as already described with reference to FIG. 2.
  • the method according to the invention also provides that the control mode of the hydraulic pump 4 is determined by the vehicle driver. With a brief actuation of the control element 12 by the vehicle driver, the hydraulic pump 4 is actuated in such a way that the pressure required to initiate and terminate a parking brake operation is built up slowly, that is to say with a small pressure build-up gradient. The pressure build-up can be stopped by a further actuation of the control element 12. As already mentioned, the noise generated by the hydraulic pump 4 is imperceptible to the vehicle driver due to the slow pressure build-up. If the vehicle driver desires a rapid build-up of pressure to initiate or terminate a parking brake operation, then he must actuate the operating element 12 for longer, that is to say preferably longer than 3 seconds.
  • the necessary pressure is then built up with a maximum possible pressure build-up gradient predetermined by the construction properties of the hydraulic pump 4.
  • An alternative of the method according to the invention provides that the pressure build-up gradient is linearly linked to the actuation time of the operating element 12. This measure enables the vehicle driver to handle the speed of the pressure build-up independently.
  • the pressure applied to the wheel brakes 2, 3 of the rear and front axles during service braking is used to initiate a parking brake operation.
  • the initial situation is that the vehicle driver uses the service brake to stop his vehicle brings.
  • the driver of the vehicle actuates the brake pedal 11, after which pressure is built up in the wheel brakes 2, 3.
  • the inlet valves 17 of the wheel brakes assigned to the front axle are closed and the pressure applied during the service braking is locked in the wheel brakes 3 of the front axle after the vehicle driver has actuated the control element 12.
  • the hydraulic pump 4 then slowly builds up in the wheel brakes 2 of the rear axle until the accumulator piston 94 already described with reference to FIG. 2 or the force-transmitting part 96 in FIG. 2 are shifted to the right.
  • the slide 93 is then brought out of its position blocking the accumulator piston 94. If the inlet valves 13 of the wheel brakes 2 are subsequently closed and the outlet valves 14 are opened, the accumulator piston 94 moves to the left in FIG. 2, after which the friction surfaces 97, 98 are brought into engagement with one another.
  • the action of the spring element 90 already described tensions the brake piston 6 and thus the two brake linings 24, 25 against the brake disk 26.
  • the means for carrying out a parking brake operation are thus activated.
  • the pressure applied in the wheel brakes 2, 3 during a service braking phase is used by the method just described to initiate a parking brake operation.

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for the operation of a hydraulic brake system with an integrated parking-brake function for motor vehicles provided with two axles. Said brake system essentially comprises a pedal-operated pressure transducer (31), at least one hydraulic pump (4), a control element (12) which is connected to an electronic control and regulation unit (9), and wheel brakes (2) provided with inlet and outlet valves (13,14). The wheel brakes associated with the second vehicle axle are provided for executing a parking-brake process. According to the inventive method, the hydraulic pump (4) is controlled in such a manner that noise created by the hydraulic pump (4) during the initial and end part of the parking brake process can be reduced such that the pressure required for the initial part and/or the end part of the parking-brake process exhibits a pressure build-up gradient which is lower than the maximum possible pressure build-up gradient predetermined by the structural features of the hydraulic pump (4).

Description

Verfahren zum Betrieb eines hydraulischen Bremssystems mit integrierter Feststellbremsfunktion für KraftfahrzeugeMethod for operating a hydraulic brake system with integrated parking brake function for motor vehicles
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Betrieb eines hydraulischen Bremssystems mit integrierter Feststellbremsfunktion für Kraftfahrzeuge mit zwei Fahrzeugachsen, das im wesentlichen aus einem pedalbetätigten Druckgeber, mindestens einer hydraulischen Pumpe, einem mit einer elektronischen Steuer- und Regeleinheit verbundenen Bedienelement, sowie mit Ein- und Auslassventilen versehenen Radbremsen besteht, wobei die der zweiten Fahrzeugachse zugeordneten Radbremsen Mittel zur Durchführung eines Feststellbremsvorganges aufweisen.The present invention relates to a method for operating a hydraulic brake system with integrated parking brake function for motor vehicles with two vehicle axles, which essentially consists of a pedal-operated pressure transmitter, at least one hydraulic pump, an operating element connected to an electronic control and regulating unit, and with inlet and outlet valves provided wheel brakes, the wheel brakes assigned to the second vehicle axle having means for performing a parking brake operation.
Aus der US 4 215 767 ist eine derartige hydraulische Fahrzeugbremse mit Feststellbremsvorrichtung bekannt. Zur Durchführung eines Feststellbremsvorgangs ist bei dem vorbekannten System vorgesehen, dass der Druckaufbau im Betriebsdruckraum durch eine hydraulische Pumpe realisiert wird, wodurch ein Bremskolben verschoben wird und mit Hilfe einer mit Reibflächen versehenen Gewindemutter-Spindel-Kombination verriegelbar ist. Die durch die hydraulische Pumpe verursachte, störende Geräuschbildung beim Druckaufbau ist jedoch als weniger vorteilhaft anzusehen.Such a hydraulic vehicle brake with a parking brake device is known from US Pat. No. 4,215,767. In order to carry out a parking brake operation, it is provided in the previously known system that the pressure build-up in the operating pressure chamber is realized by a hydraulic pump, as a result of which a brake piston is displaced and can be locked with the aid of a threaded nut-spindle combination provided with friction surfaces. The disturbing noise caused by the hydraulic pump when building up pressure is, however, to be regarded as less advantageous.
Es ist daher Aufgabe der Erfindung, ein Verfahren darzustellen, das die Geräuschbildung durch die hydraulische Pumpe beim Druckaufbau zur Durchführung eines Feststellbremsvor- ganges verringert. Diese Aufgabe wird verfahrensmaßig dadurch gelost, dass die hydraulische Pumpe derart angesteuert wird, dass der zur Einleitung und/oder zur Beendigung eines Feststellbremsvorganges notwendige Druck mit einem minimal möglichen Druckaufbaugradienten aufgebaut wird. Durch diese Maßnahme wird ein geräuscharmer Druckaufbau realisiert.It is therefore an object of the invention to present a method which reduces the noise generated by the hydraulic pump when the pressure builds up in order to carry out a parking brake operation. In terms of the method, this object is achieved in that the hydraulic pump is controlled in such a way that the pressure required to initiate and / or terminate a parking brake operation is built up with a minimally possible pressure build-up gradient. This measure creates a low-noise pressure build-up.
Eine besonders vorteilhafte Weiterbildung sieht vor, dass der Ansteuerungsmodus der hydraulischen Pumpe durch den Fahrzeugfuhrer bestimmt wird.A particularly advantageous development provides that the activation mode of the hydraulic pump is determined by the vehicle driver.
Dabei wird bei einer kurzen Betätigung des Bedienelementes durch den Fahrzeugfuhrer, die hydraulische Pumpe derart angesteuert, dass der zur Durchfuhrung eines Feststellbremsvorganges benotigte Druck langsamer in den der zweiten Achse zugeordneten Radbremsen aufgebaut wird, als bei einer Betätigung des Bedienelements über einen längeren Zeitraum.When the control element is briefly actuated by the vehicle driver, the hydraulic pump is actuated in such a way that the pressure required to carry out a parking brake operation builds up more slowly in the wheel brakes assigned to the second axis than when the control element is actuated over a longer period of time.
Bei einer besonders vorteilhaften Ausfuhrung ist vorgesehen, dass der wahrend einer Betriebsbremsphase in den Radbremsen eingesteuerte Druck für die Einleitung einer Feststellbremsvorganges verwendet wird.In a particularly advantageous embodiment, it is provided that the pressure applied to the wheel brakes during a service braking phase is used to initiate a parking brake operation.
Eine weitere vorteilhafte Weiterbildung des erfmdungsgema- ßen Verfahrens sieht vor, dass beim Übergang von einem Betriebsbremsvorgang zu einem Feststellbremsvorgang wenigstens die folgenden Schritte durchgeführt werden:A further advantageous development of the method according to the invention provides that at least the following steps are carried out during the transition from a service braking operation to a parking brake operation:
I . Betätigung des Bedienelementes durch den Fahrzeugfuhrer;I. Operation of the control element by the vehicle driver;
II. Schließen der Einlassventile der der ersten Achse zugeordneten Radbremsen; III. Druckaufbau durch die hydraulische Pumpe in den der zweiten Achse zugeordneten Radbremsen;II. Closing the inlet valves of the wheel brakes assigned to the first axle; III. Pressure build-up by the hydraulic pump in the wheel brakes assigned to the second axis;
IV. Schließen der Einlassventile und Öffnen der Auslassventile der der zweiten Achse zugeordneten Radbremsen und Aktivierung der Mittel zur Durchführung eines Feststellbremsvorganges .IV. Closing the inlet valves and opening the outlet valves of the wheel brakes assigned to the second axle and activating the means for carrying out a parking brake operation.
Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend anhand eines Ausführungsbeispiels im Zusammenhang mit der beiliegenden Zeichnung näher erläutert. In der Zeichnung zeigen:The invention is explained in more detail below using an exemplary embodiment in conjunction with the accompanying drawing. The drawing shows:
Fig.l ein schematisch dargestelltes Schaltbild eines hydraulischen Bremssystems, an dem das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren durchführbar ist undFig.l is a schematic diagram of a hydraulic brake system on which the inventive method can be carried out and
Fig.2 eine axiale Schnittdarstellung einer hydraulischen Radbremse für Kraftfahrzeuge, die im in Fig. 1 dargestellten Bremssystem an einer Fahrzeugachse eingesetzt wird.2 shows an axial sectional view of a hydraulic wheel brake for motor vehicles, which is used in the brake system shown in FIG. 1 on a vehicle axle.
Das in Fig. 1 schematisch dargestellte Schaltbild eines Bremssystems für Kraftfahrzeuge weist an einer ersten Achse, der Vorderachse, Radbremsen 3 auf, die im Gegensatz zu weiteren Radbremsen 2 an einer zweiten Achse, der Hinterachse, keine Verriegelungsvorrichtung zur Durchführung eines Fest- stellbre svorganges aufweisen. Die Radbremsen 2 mit Verriegelungsvorrichtung werden unten anhand von Fig. 2 noch näher beschrieben. Die Radbremsen 2, 3 werden über Einlassventile 13, 17 von einem pedalbetätigten Druckgeber 31, der in Fig. 1 als Vakuum-Bremskraftverstärker mit nachgeschaltetem Hauptbremszylinder dargestellt ist, mit Druck beaufschlagt. Der Druckabbau in den Radbremsen 2, 3 erfolgt über Auslass- ventile 14, 18, wodurch die Bremsflüssigkeit in Niederdruckspeicher 32, 33 gefordert wird. Außerdem weist das Bremssys- tem eine elektronische Steuer- und Regeleinheit 9, sowie für die Radbremsen 2, 3 an beiden Fahrzeugachse eine hydraulische Pumpe 4, 40 auf, die gemeinsam für die Durchfuhrung von Anti-Blockier-Regelungen (ABS) und für Regelungen im elektronischen Stabilitatsprogramm (ESP) notwendig sind.The circuit diagram of a brake system for motor vehicles, shown schematically in FIG. 1, has wheel brakes 3 on a first axle, the front axle, which, in contrast to other wheel brakes 2 on a second axle, the rear axle, have no locking device for carrying out a parking brake operation , The wheel brakes 2 with locking device are described in more detail below with reference to FIG. 2. The wheel brakes 2, 3 are pressurized via inlet valves 13, 17 by a pedal-operated pressure transmitter 31, which is shown in FIG. 1 as a vacuum brake booster with a downstream master cylinder. The pressure reduction in the wheel brakes 2, 3 takes place via outlet valves 14, 18, whereby the brake fluid in low pressure accumulator 32, 33 is required. In addition, the brake system has an electronic control and regulating unit 9, and for the wheel brakes 2, 3 on both vehicle axles a hydraulic pump 4, 40, which together for the implementation of anti-lock controls (ABS) and for controls in the electronic stability program (ESP) are necessary.
Die in Fig. 2 dargestellte hydraulische Radbremse 2 für Kraftfahrzeuge weist ein Bremsgehause 1 auf, welches den äußeren Rand einer Bremsscheibe 26 und zwei Bremsbel ge 24, 25 umgreift. Außerdem weist das Bremsgehause 1 einen Bremszylinder 5 auf, der einen Bremskolben 6 axial verschiebbar aufnimmt. In den zwischen Bremszylinder 5 und Bremskolben 6 gebildeten Betriebsdruckraum 7 kann mittels eines hydraulischen Anschlusses 8 Bremsflüssigkeit zugeführt werden, so dass sich ein Bremsdruck aufbaut, der den Bremskolben 6 axial zur Bremsscheibe 26 hin verschiebt. Dadurch wird der dem Bremskolben 6 zugewandte Bremsbelag 24 gegen die Bremsscheibe 26 gedruckt, wobei als Reaktion das Bremsgehause 1 sich in der entgegengesetzten Richtung verschiebt und dadurch auch den anderen Bremsbelag 25 gegen die Bremsscheibe 26 druck .The hydraulic wheel brake 2 shown in FIG. 2 for motor vehicles has a brake housing 1 which engages around the outer edge of a brake disk 26 and two brake pads 24, 25. In addition, the brake housing 1 has a brake cylinder 5 which receives a brake piston 6 axially displaceably. In the operating pressure chamber 7 formed between the brake cylinder 5 and the brake piston 6, brake fluid can be supplied by means of a hydraulic connection 8, so that a brake pressure builds up, which axially displaces the brake piston 6 towards the brake disk 26. As a result, the brake lining 24 facing the brake piston 6 is printed against the brake disk 26, the brake housing 1 shifting in the opposite direction as a reaction and thereby also pressing the other brake lining 25 against the brake disk 26.
Die in der Zeichnung dargestellte Radbremse 2 weist einen Arbeitsspeicher 10 an der dem Bremskolben 6 abgewandten Seite des Bremsgehauses 1 auf. Der Arbeitsspeicher 10 besteht im wesentlichen aus einem den Betriebsdruckraum 7 begrenzenden Speicherkolben 94 und einem Federelement 90 und stellt sicher, dass die auf die Bremsbelage 24, 25 einwirkende Zu- spannkraft wahrend eines Feststellbremsvorganges von thermisch bedingten angenanderungen im Bereich des Bremsgehauses 1 nahezu unabhängig ist. Zur Realisierung einer Fest- stellbremsfunktion sind Mittel zur Verriegelung des Brems- kolbens 6 erforderlich, die aus einer als Gewindemutter- Spindel-Anordnung ausgebildete Verriegelungsvorrichtung und einer ersten Reibfläche 98 am Speicherkolben 94 gebildet sind. Die Gewindemutter-Spindel-Anordnung, deren Gewindemutter 15 einstückig mit dem Bremskolben 6 ausgebildet ist, weist eine mittels eines nicht selbsthemmenden Gewindes mit der Gewindemutter 15 gekoppelte Spindel 16 auf. Die Spindel 16 weist eine zweite Reibfläche 97 auf, die beim Verriegeln des Bremskolbens 6 mit der eben erwähnten ersten Reibfläche 98 am Speicherkolben 94 zusammenwirkt.The wheel brake 2 shown in the drawing has a working memory 10 on the side of the brake housing 1 facing away from the brake piston 6. The working memory 10 essentially consists of a storage piston 94 delimiting the operating pressure chamber 7 and a spring element 90 and ensures that the application force acting on the brake pads 24, 25 during a parking brake operation is almost independent of thermally induced changes in the area of the brake housing 1. To implement a parking brake function, means for locking the brake piston 6 required, which are formed from a locking nut designed as a threaded nut-spindle arrangement and a first friction surface 98 on the storage piston 94. The threaded nut-spindle arrangement, the threaded nut 15 of which is formed in one piece with the brake piston 6, has a spindle 16 coupled to the threaded nut 15 by means of a non-self-locking thread. The spindle 16 has a second friction surface 97 which cooperates with the first friction surface 98 just mentioned on the storage piston 94 when the brake piston 6 is locked.
Außerdem ist eine Arretierungseinheit vorgesehen, die außerhalb des Arbeitsspeichers 10 angeordnet ist und durch zwei als Elektromagnete 91 ausgebildete elektromagnetische Stellglieder gebildet wird, deren Anker 92 mit einem als Schieber ausgebildeten Arretierungselement 93 fest verbunden sind. Während Betriebsbremsungen wird der Speicherkolben 94 durch den Schieber 93 blockiert, indem eine translatorische Bewegung eines kraftübertragenden Teils 96, das mit dem Speicherkolben 94 fest verbunden ist, in Richtung des Bremskolbens 6 verhindert wird. Zu diesem Zweck ist das kraftübertragende Teil 96 derart ausgebildet, dass es zwei Vorsprünge aufweist, die von in dem Schieber 93 ausgebildeten Aussparungen aufgenommen werden. Das kraftübertragende Teil 96 wird an einer Bewegung in Richtung auf den Bremskolben 6 zu gehindert, indem sich die Vorsprünge am Schieber 93 abstützen. Wird der Schieber 93 durch die Elektromagneten 91 derart bewegt, dass die Vorsprünge des kraftübertragenden Teils 96 mit den Aussparungen am Schieber 93 fluchten, so kann sich das kraftübertragende Teil 96 bzw. der Speicherkolben 94 in Richtung auf den Bremskolben 6 zu bewegen.In addition, a locking unit is provided, which is arranged outside the working memory 10 and is formed by two electromagnetic actuators designed as electromagnets 91, the armatures 92 of which are firmly connected to a locking element 93 designed as a slide. During service braking, the accumulator piston 94 is blocked by the slide 93 by preventing a translatory movement of a force-transmitting part 96, which is firmly connected to the accumulator piston 94, in the direction of the brake piston 6. For this purpose, the force-transmitting part 96 is designed in such a way that it has two projections which are received by cutouts formed in the slide 93. The force-transmitting part 96 is prevented from moving in the direction of the brake piston 6 by the projections being supported on the slide 93. If the slide 93 is moved by the electromagnets 91 in such a way that the projections of the force-transmitting part 96 are aligned with the cutouts on the slide 93, the force-transmitting part 96 or the storage piston 94 can move in the direction of the brake piston 6.
Zur Durchführung eines Feststellbremsvorganges wird durch die im Zusammenhang mit Fig. 1 erwähnten hydraulischen Pumpe 4 im Betriebsdruckraum 7 ein hydraulischer Druck aufgebaut, der sowohl ein Verschieben des Bremskolbens 6 in der Zeichnung nach links als auch ein Verschieben des Speicherkolbens 94 entgegen der Kraftwirkung des Federelements 90 in der Zeichnung nach rechts bewirkt. Nach dieser Verschiebung des Speicherkolbens 94 ist der Schieber 93 betätigbar und kann das kraftübertragende Teil 96 frei geben. Sobald nach der Betätigung des Schiebers 93 der hydraulische Druck abgebaut wird, erfolgt durch das hydraulisch vorgespannte Federelement 90 eine translatorische Bewegung des Speicherkolbens 94 in Richtung auf den Bremskolben 6 zu, bis die Reibflächen 97, 98 in Eingriff stehen, womit der Bremskolben 6 in einen verriegelten Zustand versetzt wird. Dabei hebt die Spindel 16 vom Zentrallager 21 ab und das Federelement 90 wirkt mittels des geschlossenen Kraftflusses vom Speicherkolben 94 über die Gewindemutter-Spindel-Anordnung auf den Bremskolben 6 und bringt die für die Durchführung des Feststellbremsvorgangs nötige Zuspannkraft auf. Zum Beenden des Feststell- bremsvorganges wird wieder durch die bereits erwähnte hydraulische Pumpe 4 ein hydraulischer Druck im Betriebsdruckraum 7 aufgebaut und der Speicherkolben 94 in Fig. 2 nach rechts verschoben, wobei das Federelement 90 hydraulisch vorgespannt wird. Da der Wirkdurchmesser des Speicherkolbens 94 größer als der Wirkdurchmesser des Bremskolbens 6 gewählt ist, wird der Aktivierungsdruck zur Durchführung eines Feststellbremsvorganges reduziert. Anschließend wird der Speicherkolben 94 wieder mittels des kraftübertragenden Teils 96 durch den Schieber 93 blockiert.To carry out a parking brake operation is by the hydraulic pump mentioned in connection with FIG. 1 4, a hydraulic pressure is built up in the operating pressure chamber 7, which causes both a displacement of the brake piston 6 in the drawing to the left and a displacement of the storage piston 94 against the force of the spring element 90 in the drawing to the right. After this displacement of the storage piston 94, the slide 93 can be actuated and can release the force-transmitting part 96. As soon as the hydraulic pressure is released after actuation of the slide 93, a translatory movement of the storage piston 94 in the direction of the brake piston 6 takes place through the hydraulically prestressed spring element 90 until the friction surfaces 97, 98 engage, with which the brake piston 6 engages in one locked state. The spindle 16 lifts off the central bearing 21 and the spring element 90 acts by means of the closed force flow from the storage piston 94 via the threaded nut-spindle arrangement on the brake piston 6 and applies the application force required to carry out the parking brake operation. To end the parking brake operation, a hydraulic pressure is again built up in the operating pressure chamber 7 by the already mentioned hydraulic pump 4 and the accumulator piston 94 is shifted to the right in FIG. 2, the spring element 90 being hydraulically preloaded. Since the effective diameter of the accumulator piston 94 is selected to be larger than the effective diameter of the brake piston 6, the activation pressure for carrying out a parking brake operation is reduced. The accumulator piston 94 is then blocked again by the slide 93 by means of the force-transmitting part 96.
Das im Folgenden anhand von Fig. 1 beschriebene erfindungsgemäße Verfahren sieht vor, dass die hydraulische Pumpe 4 derart angesteuert wird, dass der zur Einleitung und zur Beendigung eines Feststellbremsvorganges notwendige Druck geräuscharm aufgebaut wird. Dazu wird der notwendige Druck durch die hydraulische Pumpe 4 mit einem durch die Baueigenschaft der hydraulischen Pumpe 4 vorgegebenen, minimal möglichen Druckaufbaugradienten aufgebaut. Unter dem Druckaufbaugradienten versteht man den zeitlichen Gradienten der Förderleistung der hydraulischen Pumpe 4. Ist dieser Druckaufbaugradient hinreichend klein gewählt, so ist das durch die hydraulische Pumpe 4 generierte Geräusch für den Fahrzeugfuhrer im Innenraum seines Kraftfahrzeuges nicht mehr wahrnehmbar . Sofern der Fahrzeugfuhrer das sich im Stillstand befindende Kraftfahrzeug nicht durch die Betriebsbremse, das heißt durch die Betätigung des Bremspedals 11 in einem sicheren Zustand hält, wird bei Betätigung des Bedienelementes 12 durch den Fahrzeugfuhrer der Druck in den der Hinterachse zugeordneten Radbremsen 2 bei gleichzeitig geschlossenen Auslassventilen 14 zunächst mit einem durch die Baueigenschaften der hydraulischen Pumpe 4 vorgegebenen, maximal möglichen Druckaufbaugradienten aufgebaut. Dies geschieht so lange, bis die anhand von Fig. 2 beschriebenen Bremskolben 6 der Radbremsen 2 eine für den sicheren Stillstand des Kraftfahrzeugs ausreichend große Zuspannkraft aufbringen. Der für eine ausreichend große Zuspannkraft notwendige Druck wird entweder mit Hilfe eines in Fig. 1 nicht dargestellten Beschleunigungssensors bestimmt oder falls kein Beschleunigungssensor vorgesehen ist durch einen ausreichend groß gewählten Druckwert. Anschließend baut die hydraulische Pumpe 4 den darüber hinaus erforderlichen Druck mittels des eben erwähnten minimalen Druckgradienten auf, bis der mit Hilfe von Fig. 2 beschriebene Speicherkolben 94 ausreichend weit verschoben ist und der Schieber 93 das kraftübertragende Teil 96 und damit den Speicherkolben 94 frei geben kann. Durch ein Schließen der Einlassventile 13 und Öffnen der Auslassventile 14 werden die bereits beschriebenen Reibflächen 97, 98 miteinander in Eingriff gebracht und die Bremskolben 6 der Radbremsen 2 der Hinterach- se sind durch die Wirkung des Federpakets 90 in einem zugespannten Zustand verriegelt, wie anhand von Fig. 2 bereits beschrieben.The method according to the invention described below with reference to FIG. 1 provides that the hydraulic pump 4 is controlled in such a way that the pressure required to initiate and end a parking brake operation is built up with little noise. This will be the necessary pressure built up by the hydraulic pump 4 with a minimum possible pressure build-up gradient predetermined by the construction property of the hydraulic pump 4. The pressure build-up gradient means the time gradient of the delivery rate of the hydraulic pump 4. If this pressure build-up gradient is chosen to be sufficiently small, the noise generated by the hydraulic pump 4 is no longer perceptible to the driver in the interior of his motor vehicle. If the vehicle driver does not keep the motor vehicle which is at a standstill in a safe state by means of the service brake, that is to say by actuating the brake pedal 11, when the control element 12 is actuated by the vehicle driver, the pressure in the wheel brakes 2 assigned to the rear axle is at the same time with the outlet valves closed 14 initially built up with a maximum possible pressure build-up gradient predetermined by the construction properties of the hydraulic pump 4. This continues until the brake pistons 6 of the wheel brakes 2 described with reference to FIG. 2 exert a sufficiently large application force for the safe standstill of the motor vehicle. The pressure required for a sufficiently large application force is either determined with the aid of an acceleration sensor (not shown in FIG. 1) or, if no acceleration sensor is provided, by a sufficiently large pressure value. The hydraulic pump 4 then builds up the pressure additionally required by means of the minimal pressure gradient just mentioned until the storage piston 94 described with the aid of FIG. 2 has been displaced sufficiently and the slide 93 can release the force-transmitting part 96 and thus the storage piston 94 , By closing the inlet valves 13 and opening the outlet valves 14, the already described friction surfaces 97, 98 are brought into engagement with one another and the brake pistons 6 of the wheel brakes 2 of the rear axle se are locked by the action of the spring assembly 90 in a closed state, as already described with reference to FIG. 2.
Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren sieht außerdem vor, dass der Ansteuerungsmodus der hydraulischen Pumpe 4 durch den Fahrzeugfuhrer bestimmt wird. Bei einer kurzen Betätigung des Bedienelementes 12 durch den Fahrzeugfuhrer wird die hydraulische Pumpe 4 derart angesteuert, dass der zur Einleitung und Beendigung eines Feststellbremsvorganges notwendige Druck langsam, das heißt mit einem kleinen Druckaufbaugradienten, aufgebaut wird. Durch eine weitere Betätigung des Bedienelementes 12 ist der Druckaufbau stoppbar. Wie bereits erwähnt, ist durch den langsamen Druckaufbau das von der hydraulischen Pumpe 4 generierte Geräusch für den Fahrzeugfuhrer nicht wahrnehmbar. Falls der Fahrzeugfuhrer einen schnellen Druckaufbau zur Einleitung oder Beendigung eines Feststellbremsvorgangs wünscht, so muss er das Bedienelement 12 länger, das heißt vorzugsweise länger als 3 Sekunden, betätigen. Anschließend wird der notwendige Druck mit einem durch die Baueigenschaften der hydraulischen Pumpe 4 vorgegebenen, maximal möglichen Druckaufbaugradienten aufgebaut. Eine Alternative des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens sieht vor, dass der Druckaufbaugradient mit der Betätigungszeit des Bedienelements 12 linear verknüpft ist. Durch diese Maßnahme kann der Fahrzeugfuhrer die Geschwindigkeit des Druckaufbaus selbstständig handhaben.The method according to the invention also provides that the control mode of the hydraulic pump 4 is determined by the vehicle driver. With a brief actuation of the control element 12 by the vehicle driver, the hydraulic pump 4 is actuated in such a way that the pressure required to initiate and terminate a parking brake operation is built up slowly, that is to say with a small pressure build-up gradient. The pressure build-up can be stopped by a further actuation of the control element 12. As already mentioned, the noise generated by the hydraulic pump 4 is imperceptible to the vehicle driver due to the slow pressure build-up. If the vehicle driver desires a rapid build-up of pressure to initiate or terminate a parking brake operation, then he must actuate the operating element 12 for longer, that is to say preferably longer than 3 seconds. The necessary pressure is then built up with a maximum possible pressure build-up gradient predetermined by the construction properties of the hydraulic pump 4. An alternative of the method according to the invention provides that the pressure build-up gradient is linearly linked to the actuation time of the operating element 12. This measure enables the vehicle driver to handle the speed of the pressure build-up independently.
Bei dem beschriebenen Verfahren ist außerdem vorgesehen, dass der während einer Betriebsbremsung in die Radbremsen 2, 3 der Hinter- und der Vorderachse eingesteuerte Druck für die Einleitung eines Feststellbremsvorganges verwendet wird. Die Ausgangssituation ist dabei, dass der Fahrzeugfuhrer mit Hilfe der Betriebsbremse sein Fahrzeug zum Stillstand bringt. Dabei betätigt der Fahrzeugfuhrer das Bremspedal 11, wonach in den Radbremsen 2, 3 Druck aufgebaut wird. Nachdem der Fahrzeugfuhrer sein Kraftfahrzeug zum Stillstand gebracht hat, betätigt er das Bremspedal 11 für gewohnlich weiterhin. Die Einlassventile 17 der der Vorderachse zugeordneten Radbremsen werden geschlossen und der wahrend der Betriebsbremsung eingesteuerte Druck wird in den Radbremsen 3 der Vorderachse eingesperrt, nachdem der Fahrzeugfuhrer das Bedienelementes 12 betätigt hat. Anschließend erfolgt ein langsamer Druckaufbau durch die hydraulische Pumpe 4 in den Radbremsen 2 der Hinterachse bis der anhand von Fig. 2 bereits beschriebene Speicherkolben 94 bzw. das kraftübertragende Teil 96 in Fig. 2 nach rechts verschoben sind. Anschließend wird der Schieber 93 aus seiner den Speicherkolben 94 blockierenden Position gebracht. Werden anschließend die Einlassventile 13 der Radbremsen 2 geschlossen und die Auslassventile 14 geöffnet, bewegt sich der Speicherkolben 94 in Fig. 2 nach links, wonach die Reibflachen 97, 98 miteinander in Eingriff gebracht werden. Die Wirkung des bereits beschriebenen Federelements 90 spannt den Bremskolben 6 und damit die beiden Bremsbelage 24, 25 gegen die Bremsscheibe 26. Die Mittel zur Durchfuhrung eines Feststellbremsvorganges sind damit aktiviert. Der wahrend einer Betriebsbremsphase in den Radbremsen 2, 3 eingesteuerte Druck wird durch das eben beschriebene Verfahren für die Einleitung eines Feststellbremsvorganges verwendet. In the method described, it is also provided that the pressure applied to the wheel brakes 2, 3 of the rear and front axles during service braking is used to initiate a parking brake operation. The initial situation is that the vehicle driver uses the service brake to stop his vehicle brings. The driver of the vehicle actuates the brake pedal 11, after which pressure is built up in the wheel brakes 2, 3. After the vehicle driver has brought his motor vehicle to a standstill, he usually continues to operate the brake pedal 11. The inlet valves 17 of the wheel brakes assigned to the front axle are closed and the pressure applied during the service braking is locked in the wheel brakes 3 of the front axle after the vehicle driver has actuated the control element 12. The hydraulic pump 4 then slowly builds up in the wheel brakes 2 of the rear axle until the accumulator piston 94 already described with reference to FIG. 2 or the force-transmitting part 96 in FIG. 2 are shifted to the right. The slide 93 is then brought out of its position blocking the accumulator piston 94. If the inlet valves 13 of the wheel brakes 2 are subsequently closed and the outlet valves 14 are opened, the accumulator piston 94 moves to the left in FIG. 2, after which the friction surfaces 97, 98 are brought into engagement with one another. The action of the spring element 90 already described tensions the brake piston 6 and thus the two brake linings 24, 25 against the brake disk 26. The means for carrying out a parking brake operation are thus activated. The pressure applied in the wheel brakes 2, 3 during a service braking phase is used by the method just described to initiate a parking brake operation.

Claims

Patentanspr che Claims
1. Verfahren zum Betrieb eines hydraulischen Bremssystems mit integrierter Feststellbremsfunktion für Kraftfahrzeuge mit zwei Fahrzeugachsen, das im wesentlichen aus einem pedalbetatigten Druckgeber (31) , mindestens einer hydraulischen Pumpe (4), einem mit einer elektronischen Steuer- und Regeleinheit (9) verbundenen Bedienelement (12), sowie mit Ein- und Auslassventilen (13, 14, 17, 18) versehenen Radbremsen (2, 3) besteht, wobei die der zweiten Fahrzeugachse zugeordneten Radbremsen (2) Mittel zur Durchfuhrung eines Feststellbremsvorganges aufweisen, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die hydraulische Pumpe (4) derart angesteuert wird, dass der zur Einleitung und/oder zur Beendigung eines Feststellbremsvorganges notwendige Druck mit einem minimal möglichen Druckaufbaugradienten aufgebaut wird.1. Method for operating a hydraulic brake system with integrated parking brake function for motor vehicles with two vehicle axles, which essentially consists of a pedal-operated pressure transmitter (31), at least one hydraulic pump (4), and an operating element connected to an electronic control and regulating unit (9) ( 12), and there are wheel brakes (2, 3) provided with inlet and outlet valves (13, 14, 17, 18), the wheel brakes (2) assigned to the second vehicle axle having means for carrying out a parking brake operation, characterized in that the hydraulic Pump (4) is controlled such that the pressure required to initiate and / or terminate a parking brake operation is built up with a minimally possible pressure build-up gradient.
2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Ansteuerungsmodus der hydraulischen Pumpe (4) durch den Fahrzeugfuhrer bestimmt wird.2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the control mode of the hydraulic pump (4) is determined by the vehicle driver.
3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass bei einer kurzen Betätigung des Bedienelementes (12) durch den Fahrzeugfuhrer, die hydraulische Pumpe (4) derart angesteuert wird, dass der zur Durchf hrung eines Feststellbremsvorganges benotigte Druck langsamer in den der zweiten Achse zugeordneten Radbremsen (2) aufgebaut wird, als bei einer Betätigung des Bedienelements (12) über einen längeren Zeitraum.3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that upon a brief actuation of the control element (12) by the vehicle driver, the hydraulic pump (4) is controlled such that the pressure required to carry out a parking brake operation is assigned more slowly to that assigned to the second axis Wheel brakes (2) is built up than when the control element (12) is actuated over a longer period of time.
4. Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der während einer Betriebs- bremsphase in den Radbremsen (2, 3) eingesteuerte Druck für die Einleitung eines Feststellbremsvorganges verwendet wird.4. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the during an operating Brake phase in the wheel brakes (2, 3) input pressure is used to initiate a parking brake operation.
5. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass beim Übergang von einem Betriebsbremsvorgang zu einem Feststellbremsvorgang wenigstens die folgenden Schritte durchgeführt werden:5. The method according to claim 1 or 4, characterized in that at least the following steps are carried out during the transition from a service braking operation to a parking brake operation:
I. Betätigung des Bedienelementes (12) durch den Fahrzeugfuhrer;I. Operation of the control element (12) by the vehicle driver;
II. Schließen der Einlassventile (17) der der ersten Achse zugeordneten Radbremsen (3);II. Closing the inlet valves (17) of the wheel brakes (3) assigned to the first axle;
III. Druckaufbau durch die hydraulische Pumpe (4) in den der zweiten Achse zugeordneten Radbremsen (2) ;III. Pressure build-up by the hydraulic pump (4) in the wheel brakes (2) assigned to the second axis;
IV. Schließen der Einlassventile (13) und Öffnen der Auslassventile (14) der der zweiten Achse zugeordneten Radbremsen (2) und Aktivierung der Mittel zur Durchführung eines Feststellbremsvorganges. IV. Closing the inlet valves (13) and opening the outlet valves (14) of the wheel brakes (2) assigned to the second axle and activating the means for carrying out a parking brake operation.
EP04726165A 2003-04-08 2004-04-07 Method for the operation of a hydraulic brake system with an integrated parking-brake function for motor vehicles Withdrawn EP1622799A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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DE10315956 2003-04-08
PCT/EP2004/050473 WO2004089713A1 (en) 2003-04-08 2004-04-07 Method for the operation of a hydraulic brake system with an integrated parking-brake function for motor vehicles

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US20060220447A1 (en) 2006-10-05
WO2004089713A1 (en) 2004-10-21

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