EP1621841B1 - Dispositif de pulvérisation avec une configuration de jet non circulaire - Google Patents

Dispositif de pulvérisation avec une configuration de jet non circulaire Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1621841B1
EP1621841B1 EP05106905.2A EP05106905A EP1621841B1 EP 1621841 B1 EP1621841 B1 EP 1621841B1 EP 05106905 A EP05106905 A EP 05106905A EP 1621841 B1 EP1621841 B1 EP 1621841B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
sprayed
liquid
sprayer
dividing
deflector
Prior art date
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EP05106905.2A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP1621841A1 (fr
Inventor
Jerzy Mosiewicz
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SPIG SpA
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SPIG SpA
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F25/00—Component parts of trickle coolers
    • F28F25/02—Component parts of trickle coolers for distributing, circulating, and accumulating liquid
    • F28F25/06—Spray nozzles or spray pipes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B1/00—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means
    • B05B1/26—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means with means for mechanically breaking-up or deflecting the jet after discharge, e.g. with fixed deflectors; Breaking-up the discharged liquid or other fluent material by impinging jets
    • B05B1/262—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means with means for mechanically breaking-up or deflecting the jet after discharge, e.g. with fixed deflectors; Breaking-up the discharged liquid or other fluent material by impinging jets with fixed deflectors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B1/00—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means
    • B05B1/26—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means with means for mechanically breaking-up or deflecting the jet after discharge, e.g. with fixed deflectors; Breaking-up the discharged liquid or other fluent material by impinging jets
    • B05B1/262—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means with means for mechanically breaking-up or deflecting the jet after discharge, e.g. with fixed deflectors; Breaking-up the discharged liquid or other fluent material by impinging jets with fixed deflectors
    • B05B1/265—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means with means for mechanically breaking-up or deflecting the jet after discharge, e.g. with fixed deflectors; Breaking-up the discharged liquid or other fluent material by impinging jets with fixed deflectors the liquid or other fluent material being symmetrically deflected about the axis of the nozzle
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B3/00—Spraying or sprinkling apparatus with moving outlet elements or moving deflecting elements
    • B05B3/02—Spraying or sprinkling apparatus with moving outlet elements or moving deflecting elements with rotating elements
    • B05B3/04—Spraying or sprinkling apparatus with moving outlet elements or moving deflecting elements with rotating elements driven by the liquid or other fluent material discharged, e.g. the liquid actuating a motor before passing to the outlet
    • B05B3/0486—Spraying or sprinkling apparatus with moving outlet elements or moving deflecting elements with rotating elements driven by the liquid or other fluent material discharged, e.g. the liquid actuating a motor before passing to the outlet the spray jet being generated by a rotary deflector rotated by liquid discharged onto it in a direction substantially parallel its rotation axis

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a sprayer suitable to spray with a liquid and with predetermined uniformity even a non-circular zone of a predetermined surface; a sprayer of this type can be used, for example, in cooling towers with gas/liquid crossflow.
  • heat exchange is known to be obtained between a gaseous medium and a liquid by spraying the liquid - for example water - in droplet form from above onto a body of grids packed together, and by causing an ascending gas current to flow through these packed grids; some examples of these grids are described in the European patents EP 311 794 , EP 503 547 , EP 1 152 205 , EP 931 239 , US2003/0183956A1 .
  • the liquid to be sprayed in the droplet form as uniformly as possible on the packs of grids; for this purpose the liquid can be sprayed with appropriate sprayers, some examples of which are described in the patents EP 654 649 and US 4 111 366 .
  • the circular areas sprayed must be partly overlapped by adjacent sprayers, or these areas must be approximately tangent in some points; in any case, the total area will be sprayed with less uniformity than the single circular areas sprayed by a single sprayer.
  • US 4,091,873 relates to fire extinguishing sprinklers to be suspended to create a downwardly directed spray to be directed to the base of the flames. Part of the liquid is diverted by means of a horizontal deflector to diffuse it to the volume above to reduce the oxygen content of the concerned area.
  • US 2,005,600 relates to a distributor nozzle having a series of horizontal, circular shaped deflectors to distribute part of the liquid on a wide area.
  • None of the above prior art nozzles or sprinklers are suited to evenly spray a surface, in particular an evaporator grid.
  • US 3061204 A refers to spray nozzles for use in water coding towers comprising staggened baffle portions to provide a circular spray pattern.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a sprayer with a plurality of which a given area even with a non-circular shape - for example square, rectangular, triangular or polygonal - can be sprayed with greater uniformity compared to prior art sprayers.
  • a single sprayer as defined above can spray, relatively uniformly, an area therebelow, even non-circular in shape, such as a square, rectangular, triangular or more generally polygonal area: with a plurality of sprayed areas with these shapes it is possible to cover a larger area with fewer overlapping zones between areas sprayed by two adjacent sprayers, and therefore to spray the total area with greater uniformity. With the same total sprayed surface it is therefore possible to reduce the consumption of sprayed liquid and increase the efficiency of the cooling tower, or of a more general spraying system.
  • downstream and upstream refer to the flow of liquid to be sprayed, in the sense that, if a particle of fluid during operation of the nozzle first reaches the element A and then the element B, the element A is said to be upstream of the element B.
  • distributed with circular symmetry is intended as a distribution, in particular of density of droplets, uniform in the points positioned at the same radial distance from a central point of said distribution.
  • the sprayer 1 in Figures 1-3 comprises an upper fixing body 2 which can be connected, by means of the connection 3 - which can for example be a threaded, bayonet or yet another type of connection - to a suitable supply duct of the liquid to be sprayed, such as water or another liquid; a plurality of sprayers 1 can, for example, be disposed over a mass of trickle grids of a cooling tower, to be sprayed with water or another liquid to be sprayed.
  • a jet of liquid to be sprayed - jet referred to as "inlet jet” in the following description - is delivered from the nozzle 4 - referred to in the following description as “upstream nozzle 4" - and is directed against the deflector 5, which comprises a conical part 6 projecting in the direction of impact of the upstream jet against the deflector and facing away from said jet, and a flange 7, located at the base of the conical projecting part 6 and having an external perimeter with an approximately square shape in the plane; preferably, although not necessarily, the flange 7 has a slightly convex upper surface - facing towards the upstream nozzle 4 - in the direction of flow of the liquid to be sprayed thereon; said convex shape promotes concentration by the water to be sprayed at the corners of the flange 7 - i.e. in the four external spraying zones ZE in Figure 4 , hatched - and uniform distribution of water on said flange 7.
  • the deflector 5 is fixed with respect to the rest of the structure of the sprayer.
  • Two upper supporting arms 8 are coupled at the centre line of two of the sides of the square flange 7, to connect the deflector 5 to the part of the upstream nozzle 4 and of the threaded connection 3;
  • two dividing crests 9 ( Figure 1 ) are provided at the centre line of the other two sides of the square flange 7, suitable to promote diversion of the flow of liquid to be sprayed which, as will be seen in greater detail hereunder, flows on the external surface of the conical part 6, towards the corners 10 of the square flange 7.
  • the upper supporting arms 8 have, at least in the area in which they join the deflector 5, flattened cross sections, hydrodynamic in shape and oriented parallel to the direction of flow of the liquid to be sprayed on the conical projection 6 and, just as the crests 9, also provide means to divide the flow ⁇ in the present description also called second flow dividing means - suitable to contribute towards diverting the flow of liquid to be sprayed, which flows on the external surface of the conical part 6, towards the corners 10 of the square flange 7.
  • the dividing crests 9 and the flattened coupling zones of the arms 8 on the deflector 5 - i.e. the second flow dividing means 8, 9 - also promote detachment of the water from the surface of the flange 7 and facilitate delivery of the water from the sprayer fragmented in droplets instead of as a jet in sheet form.
  • a hole 11 On the top of the conical projection 6 is a hole 11, also called dividing aperture 11, which extends inferiorly, inside the conical projection 6, with a tubular extension 12, or in any case defines a tubular length of duct 12 - in the present description also indicated as "guide duct 12" - the axis of which is substantially parallel to the axis of the inlet jet incident on the deflector 5.
  • a propeller 13 Positioned under the deflector 5 is a propeller 13, with axis of rotation coaxial with the tubular guide duct 12 and suitable to distribute the liquid with predetermined uniformity over a substantially circular area, which hits said propeller and causes it to rotate.
  • the sprayer operates as follows.
  • the inlet jet of water or another liquid to be sprayed, is delivered from the upstream nozzle 4 and is incident against the top of the conical projection 6.
  • the dividing aperture 11 is opposite and coaxial with the upstream nozzle 4 and has a smaller inlet section than the outlet section of the upstream nozzle, so that only part of the flow of liquid incident on the deflector ⁇ hereinafter referred to as "first fraction of liquid to be sprayed" - enters the tubular duct 12, while the remaining part - hereinafter referred to as "second fraction of liquid to be sprayed” - flows along the sides of the conical projection 6 and is diverted by the flange 7; for this purpose, the edges 14 of the dividing aperture 11 - in the present description also referred to as dividing crest 14 - preferably have the shape of cutting edges or in any case a tapered hydrodynamic shape, in order to divide the incident flow with greater precision and less turbulence.
  • the first fraction of liquid to be sprayed enters the aperture 11 and, after passing through the tubular duct 12, is ejected against the propeller 13, causing it to rotate; among other things, the duct 12 has the function of:
  • the rotating propeller 13 distributes part of the liquid supplied to the sprayer 1 with a predetermined distribution uniformity on an area with a square surface - hatched line L1 in Figure 4 - positioned below said sprayer 1.
  • the tubular duct 12 has the function of containing, maintaining compact and guiding the flow of the first fraction of liquid to be sprayed, in order to direct it more efficaciously against the propeller 13.
  • the second fraction of liquid to be sprayed after having flowed on the external surface of the conical projection 6, reaches the flange 7 and is thrust by the second dividing means 8, 9 towards the four zones of the corners of the square flange 7, in the following description also referred to as "base extensions 10"; in this way the four base extensions 10 concentrate the flow of sprayed liquid delivered from the flange 7 at the four corners and along the diagonals of said flange 7, giving rise to four projections of the area below sprayed by the sprayer - i.e. in the aforesaid four external spraying zones ZE in Figure 4 - at the corners of the square or rectangular area to be sprayed.
  • the dash-dot lines L2 indicate the perimeter of the square area to be sprayed
  • the continuous wavy line L3 schematically indicates the boundaries of the zone effectively sprayed by the sprayer in Figure 1 with predetermined degree of uniformity.
  • the deflector 5 is suitable to spray with predetermined uniformity an area with an approximately square shape - line L3 in Figure 4 - although other embodiments not shown can also spray, with predetermined uniformity, areas of other shapes, such as rectangular, triangular, rhombic, polygonal, star-shaped; sprayed areas with similar shapes can be juxtaposed or partly overlapped with one another, arranging a plurality of sprayers according to the present invention according to a suitable network, in order to spray a wider area - for example the entire filling of a cooling tower - with greater uniformity than obtained by overlapping the circular sprayed areas obtained with prior art sprayers.
  • Another important advantage of the sprayer 1 described hereinbefore lies in the fact that the shape and dimensions of the area sprayed with substantial uniformity by the sprayer 1 remains substantially unvaried -approximately square in the example in Figures 1-4 - irrespective of variations in the supply pressure in the interval from 40 to 120 cm of the head of water: in fact, in a prior art sprayer, in which a propeller or impeller sprays water on a substantially circular spraying area, by increasing the head of water the diameter of the spraying area also increases.
  • the outlet section of the upstream nozzle 4 and the dividing aperture 11 are opposite and coaxial with each other and - as in the present embodiment, in which both have a circular section - the outlet section of the of the upstream nozzle 4 is approximately 1.3 times greater than the through section of the dividing aperture 11; in other preferred embodiments, the ratio between the outlet section D1 of the upstream nozzle 4 and the through section D2 ( Figure 2 ) of the dividing aperture 11 can vary from 1.2 times to 1.4 times.
  • the propeller 13 can be replace with other types of rotors or revolving bodies made to rotate by the jet of liquid which hits them, or by other types of appropriate circular spraying means, suitable to spray with the sprayed liquid and with a predetermined degree of uniformity, a circular or rounded internal spraying zone;
  • the deflector 5 can be replaced by other peripheral spraying means suitable to spray with water or another sprayed liquid an external spraying zone located around and at least partly external to the aforesaid internal spraying zone; or the deflector 5 can also be hit by several inlet jets, also coming from a plurality of upstream nozzles;
  • the deflector 5 can also be devoid of projecting parts 10, but be suitable to divert and direct the fraction of fluid which flows on the external surface of a conical projection 6 towards one or more spraying areas, on a surface to be sprayed, external to a circular or rounded internal spraying area,
  • the dividing crest 14 and the upstream nozzle 4 can be replaced by other flow dividing means, suitable to divide the flow of liquid to be sprayed which enters the sprayer in a first and a second fraction, the first fraction sent towards the circular spraying means, the second fraction sent towards the deflector 5.
  • sprayers according to the present invention can be used, for example, in purifying, irrigation or fire extinguishing systems.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Nozzles (AREA)

Claims (12)

  1. Pulvérisateur approprié pour pulvériser un liquide pulvérisé sur une zone prédéterminée, ledit pulvérisateur comprenant :
    - des moyens de pulvérisation circulaires (12, 13) appropriés pour pulvériser le liquide pulvérisé selon un degré d'uniformité prédéterminé sur une zone de pulvérisation interne (L1) présentant une forme sensiblement circulaire ou arrondie ;
    - des moyens de pulvérisation périphériques (5, 6, 9, 10) appropriés pour pulvériser le liquide pulvérisé sur une zone de pulvérisation externe (ZE) située autour de la zone de pulvérisation interne (L1) et de façon au moins partiellement externe à celle-ci,
    les moyens de pulvérisation périphériques (5, 6, 9, 10) comprenant un déflecteur (5) approprié pour être heurté par un ou plusieurs jets de liquide devant être pulvérisé et pour dévier et diriger au moins une partie de ce jet ou de ces jets en direction d'au moins une partie de la zone de pulvérisation externe (ZE) ; caractérisé en ce que ladite au moins une partie de la zone de pulvérisation externe (ZE) est sensiblement contiguë à ladite zone de pulvérisation interne, la zone de pulvérisation interne (L1) fournissant conjointement avec la zone de pulvérisation externe (ZE) une configuration de pulvérisation non circulaire.
  2. Pulvérisateur selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend des premiers moyens de division d'écoulement (11, 14) appropriés pour diviser l'écoulement de liquide devant être pulvérisé entrant dans ledit pulvérisateur (1) en au moins une première et une seconde fraction, où au moins la première fraction est envoyée vers les moyens de pulvérisation circulaires (12, 13) et au moins la seconde fraction du liquide devant être pulvérisé est envoyée en direction du déflecteur (5) pour être pulvérisée sur la au moins une zone de pulvérisation externe (ZE).
  3. Pulvérisateur selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que les premiers moyens de division (11, 14) comprennent
    - au moins une crête de division (14) disposée sur le déflecteur et
    - au moins une buse amont (4) appropriée pour émettre un jet d'admission de liquide devant être pulvérisé contre la au moins une crête de division (14) afin de diviser le jet d'admission au moins en lesdites première et seconde fractions.
  4. Pulvérisateur selon la revendication 2 ou 3, caractérisé en ce que le premier moyen de division (11) comprend
    - une ouverture de division (11, 14) disposée sur le déflecteur (5) et
    - au moins une buse amont (4) appropriée pour émettre un jet d'admission de liquide devant être pulvérisé contre l'ouverture de division (11) de sorte que ladite première fraction de liquide devant être pulvérisé entre à l'intérieur, mais pas la seconde fraction.
  5. Pulvérisateur selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que la au moins une buse amont (4) et l'ouverture de division (11) sont sensiblement opposées et en ce que la section transversale d'évacuation de la au moins une buse amont (4) est sensiblement environ 1,2 ou environ 1,4 fois supérieure à la section transversale de l'ouverture de division (11).
  6. Pulvérisateur (1) selon la revendication 3 et/ou la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que le déflecteur (5) comprend une partie faisant saillie (6) qui s'étend dans la direction d'incidence du jet d'admission, où ladite ouverture de division (11) et/ou ladite crête de division (14) sont disposées sur le sommet ou près du sommet de la partie faisant saillie (6).
  7. Pulvérisateur selon l'une ou plusieurs des revendications 2 à 6, caractérisé en ce que le déflecteur (5) comprend, en aval du premier moyen de division (11, 14), au moins une extension de base (10) qui s'étend transversalement à la direction d'incidence du jet amont et qui est appropriée pour dévier au moins une partie de ladite seconde fraction de liquide devant être pulvérisé afin de projeter celle-ci transversalement à la direction du jet amont et en direction d'au moins l'une desdites zones de pulvérisation externes (ZE) situées autour et au moins partiellement à l'extérieur de la zone de pulvérisation interne (L1).
  8. Pulvérisateur selon l'une ou plusieurs des revendications 2 à 7, caractérisé en ce que le déflecteur (5) comprend une bride (7) située au niveau et autour de la base de la partie faisant saillie (6), ladite bride (7) étant appropriée pour dévier au mois une partie du jet amont afin de libérer celle-ci transversalement à la direction d'incidence dudit jet amont contre le déflecteur (5), et en direction d'au moins une partie de la zone de pulvérisation externe (ZE) située autour de la zone de pulvérisation interne et de façon au moins partiellement externe à celle-ci.
  9. Pulvérisateur selon la revendication 8, caractérisé en ce que le périmètre du plan de la bride (7) présente une forme sensiblement carrée ou rectangulaire.
  10. Pulvérisateur selon l'une ou plusieurs des revendications 7 à 9, caractérisé en ce qu'au moins à proximité et/ou au niveau de la base de la partie faisant saillie (6), le déflecteur (5) comprend des seconds moyens de division (8, 9) appropriés pour favoriser la déviation, en direction d'au moins une des extensions de base (10), de la seconde fraction de liquide devant être pulvérisé.
  11. Pulvérisateur selon l'une ou plusieurs des revendications 1 à 10, caractérisé en ce que les moyens de pulvérisation circulaires (12, 13) comprennent un rotor (13) qui est approprié pour être amené en rotation par un jet de liquide devant être pulvérisé qui le heurte et par la rotation est approprié pour asperger le liquide devant être pulvérisé.
  12. Pulvérisateur selon la revendication 11, caractérisé en ce que le déflecteur (5) comprend une conduite de guidage (12) située en aval de l'ouverture de division (11) et appropriée pour contenir et guider la première fraction de liquide devant être pulvérisé contre le rotor (13), afin d'augmenter le rendement de l'hélice (13).
EP05106905.2A 2004-07-28 2005-07-27 Dispositif de pulvérisation avec une configuration de jet non circulaire Active EP1621841B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ITMI20041530 ITMI20041530A1 (it) 2004-07-28 2004-07-28 Spruzzatore per irrorare zone anche non circolari

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1621841A1 EP1621841A1 (fr) 2006-02-01
EP1621841B1 true EP1621841B1 (fr) 2015-07-08

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EP05106905.2A Active EP1621841B1 (fr) 2004-07-28 2005-07-27 Dispositif de pulvérisation avec une configuration de jet non circulaire

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EP (1) EP1621841B1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2548721T3 (fr)
IT (1) ITMI20041530A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103994690B (zh) * 2014-06-05 2015-12-02 张韦欣 旋转式喷溅装置
CN104215116B (zh) * 2014-09-26 2016-10-19 四川省君源塑料制品有限公司 冷却塔旋转式节能喷淋装置
CN105973059A (zh) * 2016-05-05 2016-09-28 潘泉方 水能反溅喷雾喷头

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2005600A (en) * 1932-07-28 1935-06-18 Cooling Tower Co Inc Distributor nozzle
US3061204A (en) * 1961-03-30 1962-10-30 Fluor Corp Water spray nozzle
US4113021A (en) * 1977-02-17 1978-09-12 Werner Clements M Fire extinguishant dispensing nozzles
US4350302A (en) * 1980-09-19 1982-09-21 Zurn Industries, Inc. Liquid spray nozzle

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES2548721T3 (es) 2015-10-20
EP1621841A1 (fr) 2006-02-01
ITMI20041530A1 (it) 2004-10-28

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