EP1621309A2 - Procédé pour le remplissage des moules d'une presse utilisée dans le pressage à sec d'articles en céramique de forme irrégulière, en particulier de tuiles ou similaire - Google Patents

Procédé pour le remplissage des moules d'une presse utilisée dans le pressage à sec d'articles en céramique de forme irrégulière, en particulier de tuiles ou similaire Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1621309A2
EP1621309A2 EP05106227A EP05106227A EP1621309A2 EP 1621309 A2 EP1621309 A2 EP 1621309A2 EP 05106227 A EP05106227 A EP 05106227A EP 05106227 A EP05106227 A EP 05106227A EP 1621309 A2 EP1621309 A2 EP 1621309A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
slide valve
granular powder
loading
sectors
mold
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP05106227A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1621309A3 (fr
Inventor
Elio Gerardi
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
CERAMIC TECHNOLOGY EUROPE LIMITED
Original Assignee
Inteco Ceramic Supplies Srl
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Inteco Ceramic Supplies Srl filed Critical Inteco Ceramic Supplies Srl
Publication of EP1621309A2 publication Critical patent/EP1621309A2/fr
Publication of EP1621309A3 publication Critical patent/EP1621309A3/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B13/00—Feeding the unshaped material to moulds or apparatus for producing shaped articles; Discharging shaped articles from such moulds or apparatus
    • B28B13/02—Feeding the unshaped material to moulds or apparatus for producing shaped articles
    • B28B13/0215—Feeding the moulding material in measured quantities from a container or silo
    • B28B13/023—Feeding the moulding material in measured quantities from a container or silo by using a feed box transferring the moulding material from a hopper to the moulding cavities
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B13/00—Feeding the unshaped material to moulds or apparatus for producing shaped articles; Discharging shaped articles from such moulds or apparatus
    • B28B13/02—Feeding the unshaped material to moulds or apparatus for producing shaped articles
    • B28B13/0215—Feeding the moulding material in measured quantities from a container or silo
    • B28B13/0225—Feeding specific quantities of material at specific locations in the mould

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for loading molds for the dry pressing of ceramic articles having an irregular shape, particularly roofing tiles and the like.
  • the forming of these articles is divided into plastic or dry processes.
  • the ceramic mix is in the form of a cohesive, pasty and deformable material, which contains an amount of water generally comprised between 15 and 25% by weight.
  • This type of mix can be modeled by means of the conventional technique of extrusion, which consists in pushing the mix by means of an appropriate pusher device against an orifice, termed die, which has an opening of preset shape and size; the mass of the mix, in passing through the die, is compacted, assuming the shape of the opening.
  • the ceramic mix in the plastic state can be subj ected to shaping by pressing, which is based on compressing the material between the molds of a press, so that it fills its cavities, assuming their shape.
  • drying the articles causes an additional cost in terms of installation and maintenance of the corresponding plant, an increase in energy consumption, and an increase in production times.
  • the ceramic mix instead consists of a perfectly dry granular powder or of a powder with a limited degree of humidity, generally not more than 15% by weight of the mix.
  • Such a mix is normally shaped by pressing within the molds of a press; the action of the pressure and of the molds shapes the granular powder according to a preset geometry, providing cohesion and mechanical strength which allow the article to withstand most of the handling and stresses to which it is subjected during subsequent production steps.
  • the molds of the press are normally two, an upper one and a lower one; before pressing, the lower mold is loaded with the required mix by means of a slide valve, which places the granular powder uniformly over the entire surface of said mold.
  • the aim of the present invention is to eliminate the drawbacks noted above of the background art, by providing a method for loading molds for the dry pressing of ceramic articles having an irregular shape, particularly roofing tiles and the like which, at the end of the forming process, allows to obtain articles which do not require, except marginally, inconvenient drying operations, have even highly variable shapes and thicknesses, and at the same time do not have considerable and unwanted differences in the density and porosity of the material.
  • an object of the present invention is to be particularly convenient from an economic standpoint, since it allows to reduce the overall production costs of the articles.
  • Another object of the present invention is to achieve the above aim and object with a structure that is simple, relatively easy to provide in practice, safe in use, effective in operation, and has a relatively low cost.
  • the present method for loading molds for the dry pressing of ceramic articles having an irregular shape, particularly roofing tiles and the like characterized in that it comprises:
  • the slide valve for performing the method according to the invention is characterized in that it is provided with an open top and with a bottom divided into substantially flat portions arranged at variable heights.
  • the reference numeral 1 generally designates an article having irregular shapes and thicknesses, in the specific case a roofing tile, to be obtained by pressing a ceramic mix in the form of a granular powder 2.
  • the method according to the invention is designed to load the granular powder 2 into a press; the upper mold 3 and the lower mold 4 of the press are shaped so as to impart to the ceramic material the shape of, respectively, the upper surface and the lower surface of the tile 1.
  • the granular powder 2 can be completely dry or can receive the addition of plasticizers, such as for example water or the like.
  • the water is mixed with the granular powder 2 in quantities comprised between 4 and 15% by weight in order to increase the flow of the ceramic material during pressing, improving its ability to adapt uniformly and evenly to the molds 3 and 4.
  • the method comprises a first step, which consists in dividing the final shape of the article 1 into multiple sectors 5, each of which has a lateral surface which is substantially cylindrical, i.e., constituted by a continuous bundle of mutually parallel segments, the directing vector of which is substantially parallel to the approach and spacing direction of the molds 3 and 4, said the direction being designated by the arrow A in Figure 9.
  • the sectors 5 are such as to cross completely the final shape of the article 1; in practice, their top and bottom faces coincide with corresponding parts of the upper and lower surfaces of the article 1.
  • the transverse cross-sections, i.e., the cross-sections at right angles to the direction A, of the sectors 5 are substantially rectangular except for two corner sectors 5a, which duplicate corresponding slotted profiles of the article 1; the protrusion of the lateral surfaces of the sectors 5 on a plane at right angles to the direction A in practice forms a substantially regular subdivision grid 6.
  • the sectors 5 have a substantially limited extension; in particular, the linear dimensions of each transverse cross-section of the sectors 5 are no more than 2-3 centimeters long.
  • the present method provides for a second step, which consists in calculating the amounts 7 of ceramic material that are suitable to fill the sectors 5 with preset densities of material, chosen depending on the type of article 1 to be obtained.
  • the second step of the method consists in obtaining the volume of each sector 5 and in then multiplying said volume by the corresponding preset density of material.
  • the third and final step of the method according to the invention consist in loading the lower mold 4 with the calculated amounts 7 of granular powder 2, each amount being distributed at the portion 8 of the lower mold 4 that is adapted to shape the sector 5 that corresponds to said amount.
  • such step comprises first of all distributing the granular powder 2 inside a slide valve 9 which has an open top and in which the bottom is divided into flat portions 10 arranged at variable heights, each portion having shapes and dimensions that are substantially identical to the transverse cross-section of a corresponding sector 5.
  • each portion 10 and the open top 11 of the slide valve 9 is such that the space comprised between them is suitable to contain a corresponding amount 7 of granular powder 2.
  • the bottom of the slide valve 9 is constituted by a set of blocks 12, which can be associated detachably within said slide valve, one of their faces being suitable to form the portions 10.
  • the slide valve 9 is provided, adjacent to the blocks 12 related to the corner sectors 5a of the article 1, with additional blocks 12a, whose height is substantially equal to the height of said slide valve and one side of which is shaped complementarily with respect to said corner sectors.
  • the slide valve 9 can be rendered substantially modular depending on the final shape of the article 1 and on the calculated amounts 7 of granular powder 2.
  • the distribution of the granular powder 2 can continue beyond the rim of the side valve 9 and it is possible to provide subsequently an additional step, which consists in flattening the granular powder 2 at the open top 11.
  • Such additional step can be performed for example by resorting to an operation for skimming the slide valve 9, which is meant to remove the granular powder 2 that protrudes beyond the open top 11 without compressing or compacting the ceramic material within said slide valve.
  • the third step of the present method then continues with the closure of the open top 11 by means of a lid 13.
  • the step for flattening the granular powder 2 and the step for closing the slide valve 9 can occur simultaneously, by making the lid 13 slide parallel to the open top 11; in practice, the lid 13 is inserted in a guillotine fashion on the top of the slide valve 9, removing the excess granular powder 2.
  • the slide valve 9 is tilted about a horizontal axis in order to position it above the lower mold 4, each one of the portions 10 being arranged above the portion 8 of the lower mold 4 that corresponds to the same sector 5.
  • the step for loading the lower mold 4 then ends with the removal of the lid 13 from the slide valve 5 in order to make the granular powder 2 fall into said mold.
  • the article 1 can be shaped in a known manner by pressing and compacting of the ceramic material inside the molds 3 and 4 ( Figure 9).
  • the described invention achieves the intended aim and objects, and in particular the fact is stressed that it allows to load the mold of the press according to the density of the material that one wishes to obtain in the article, in order to obtain, at the end of the pressing process, articles with or without considerable localized differences in density and porosity.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Press-Shaping Or Shaping Using Conveyers (AREA)
  • Devices For Post-Treatments, Processing, Supply, Discharge, And Other Processes (AREA)
EP05106227A 2004-07-08 2005-07-07 Procédé pour le remplissage des moules d'une presse utilisée dans le pressage à sec d'articles en céramique de forme irrégulière, en particulier de tuiles ou similaire Withdrawn EP1621309A3 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ITMO20040176 ITMO20040176A1 (it) 2004-07-08 2004-07-08 'metodo di caricamento stampi per la pressatura a secco di manufatti ceramici di forma irregolare perticolaremete tegole e simili'.

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1621309A2 true EP1621309A2 (fr) 2006-02-01
EP1621309A3 EP1621309A3 (fr) 2008-04-02

Family

ID=35326941

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP05106227A Withdrawn EP1621309A3 (fr) 2004-07-08 2005-07-07 Procédé pour le remplissage des moules d'une presse utilisée dans le pressage à sec d'articles en céramique de forme irrégulière, en particulier de tuiles ou similaire

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1621309A3 (fr)
IT (1) ITMO20040176A1 (fr)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1900491A2 (fr) * 2006-09-14 2008-03-19 LAEIS GmbH Procédé et presse pour produire des corps moulés
ITUB20159162A1 (it) * 2015-12-18 2017-06-18 Origostyle S R L Stampo per la pressatura di piastrelle con dispositivo di regolazione del caricamento di materiale nello stampo
CN114701046A (zh) * 2022-05-05 2022-07-05 鄂尔多斯应用技术学院 一种超高压陶瓷电容器的制备设备及制备方法
US11542710B2 (en) 2021-02-09 2023-01-03 Dal-Tile Corporation Roof tile and a roof covering

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2552090A (en) * 1945-05-04 1951-05-08 Stupakoff Ceramic & Mfg Compan Method and apparatus for molding ceramic articles
NL7702538A (nl) * 1976-03-10 1977-09-13 Dolomitwerke Gmbh Werkwijze en inrichting voor het volumetrisch vul- len van een persvorm voor de vervaardiging van wigvormige, samengestelde stenen.
EP0909622A1 (fr) * 1997-10-14 1999-04-21 L.B. Officine Meccaniche S.p.A. Dispositif et méthode pour remplir la cavité d'un moule avec un matériau en poudre ou granulaire dans la fabrication de carreaux en céramique

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2552090A (en) * 1945-05-04 1951-05-08 Stupakoff Ceramic & Mfg Compan Method and apparatus for molding ceramic articles
NL7702538A (nl) * 1976-03-10 1977-09-13 Dolomitwerke Gmbh Werkwijze en inrichting voor het volumetrisch vul- len van een persvorm voor de vervaardiging van wigvormige, samengestelde stenen.
EP0909622A1 (fr) * 1997-10-14 1999-04-21 L.B. Officine Meccaniche S.p.A. Dispositif et méthode pour remplir la cavité d'un moule avec un matériau en poudre ou granulaire dans la fabrication de carreaux en céramique

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1900491A2 (fr) * 2006-09-14 2008-03-19 LAEIS GmbH Procédé et presse pour produire des corps moulés
EP1900491A3 (fr) * 2006-09-14 2010-10-06 LAEIS GmbH Procédé et presse pour produire des corps moulés
ITUB20159162A1 (it) * 2015-12-18 2017-06-18 Origostyle S R L Stampo per la pressatura di piastrelle con dispositivo di regolazione del caricamento di materiale nello stampo
US11542710B2 (en) 2021-02-09 2023-01-03 Dal-Tile Corporation Roof tile and a roof covering
CN114701046A (zh) * 2022-05-05 2022-07-05 鄂尔多斯应用技术学院 一种超高压陶瓷电容器的制备设备及制备方法
CN114701046B (zh) * 2022-05-05 2024-01-26 鄂尔多斯应用技术学院 一种超高压陶瓷电容器的制备设备及制备方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ITMO20040176A1 (it) 2004-10-08
EP1621309A3 (fr) 2008-04-02

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