EP1620871A2 - On-load tap changer for a sequence switch - Google Patents

On-load tap changer for a sequence switch

Info

Publication number
EP1620871A2
EP1620871A2 EP04718920A EP04718920A EP1620871A2 EP 1620871 A2 EP1620871 A2 EP 1620871A2 EP 04718920 A EP04718920 A EP 04718920A EP 04718920 A EP04718920 A EP 04718920A EP 1620871 A2 EP1620871 A2 EP 1620871A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
contact
permanent main
erosion
movable
main contact
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP04718920A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1620871B1 (en
Inventor
Günter Kloth
Silke Wrede
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen GmbH
Scheubeck GmbH and Co
Original Assignee
Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen GmbH
Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen Gebrueder Scheubeck GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen GmbH, Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen Gebrueder Scheubeck GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen GmbH
Publication of EP1620871A2 publication Critical patent/EP1620871A2/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1620871B1 publication Critical patent/EP1620871B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/0005—Tap change devices
    • H01H9/0016—Contact arrangements for tap changers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F29/00—Variable transformers or inductances not covered by group H01F21/00
    • H01F29/02—Variable transformers or inductances not covered by group H01F21/00 with tappings on coil or winding; with provision for rearrangement or interconnection of windings
    • H01F29/04—Variable transformers or inductances not covered by group H01F21/00 with tappings on coil or winding; with provision for rearrangement or interconnection of windings having provision for tap-changing without interrupting the load current
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H1/00—Contacts
    • H01H1/02—Contacts characterised by the material thereof
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H1/00—Contacts
    • H01H1/56—Contact arrangements for providing make-before-break operation, e.g. for on-load tap-changing

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a diverter switch for a tap changer with permanent main contacts that switch off for each phase.
  • Such a diverter switch is known from DE 100 50 895 C1.
  • it has two permanent main contact pairs that can alternatively be bridged by a single, movable, electrically conductive permanent main contact that can be pivoted into two different end positions.
  • One of the two permanent main contact pairs is bridged in the steady state and carries the continuous current in such a way that at the beginning of each load changeover of the tap changer, the permanent main contact pair that previously carried the continuous current is opened, and at the end of each load changeover - after the entire changeover sequence has ended - the other one opened so far Main contact pair is bridged and takes over the continuous current.
  • a central switching shaft is arranged in the interior of the diverter switch, through which the movable, electrically conductive permanent main contact - the bridging contact, can be actuated.
  • Each permanent main contact pair consists of a first and a second permanent main contact, which are electrically insulated from one another.
  • One of these first permanent main contacts is electrically connected to one side A, the other of these first permanent main contacts to the other side B of the diverter switch.
  • the two second permanent main contacts are electrically connected to a common load derivation of the diverter switch.
  • the movable permanent main contact has a balancing designed contact surface that it is constantly connected to the two second permanent main contacts of both permanent main contact pairs, which are electrically connected to the load transfer, and slides or rolls on them.
  • connection of the first permanent main contacts of the two permanent main contact pairs, which are electrically connected to the side A or B, takes place in such a way that the movable permanent main contact, when it is pivoted into one of its end positions, the respective first permanent main contact, more precisely its presses individual contact lamella outwards against the force of the respective contact springs to which they are articulated, thus spreading them apart.
  • the known solution also requires a very great deal high dimensional accuracy of both movable permanent contact and contact lamella; Even the smallest manufacturing tolerances can cause the friction to increase in such a way that the movable permanent main contact can no longer fully switch onto the lamellae of the respective fixed permanent main contact and the entire diverter switch does not reach its end position or only with difficulty.
  • the object of the invention is therefore to provide a diverter switch of the type mentioned, in which the described permanent main contact pairings can be actuated in a simple manner and without impairing the electrical strength.
  • the general idea underlying the invention is that the direction in which the resiliently articulated contact lamellae of the first permanent main contacts can be deflected against the corresponding spring force corresponds at least approximately to the direction of impact of the movable permanent main contact, more precisely the contour of the movable permanent main contact.
  • the movable permanent main contact strikes the respective contact lamellae exactly in their deflection direction; this is roughly comparable kinematically to the collision of two railway buffers, one of which is sprung. This is done Impact very quickly, ie with a high contact closing or opening speed. This results in a good dielectric strength, since a relatively long distance from the movable permanent main contact is covered within a short time.
  • Fig. 1 shows a first diverter switch according to the invention with permanent main contacts in a schematic, perspective view, a number of components and switching means, which are not absolutely necessary to explain the invention, are omitted for reasons of better clarity
  • Fig. 2 is also a schematic sectional view of the fixed permanent main contacts in a first plane A-A according to Figure 1 in cooperation with the movable permanent main contact of this first diverter switch according to the invention
  • Fig. 3 shows a second diverter switch according to the invention in a schematic, perspective
  • FIG. 4 again shows a schematic sectional illustration of the fixed permanent main contacts in a second plane B-B according to FIG. 3 in cooperation with the movable permanent main contact of this second diverter switch according to the invention.
  • the schematic sectional illustration in the plane A-A according to FIG. 3 is identical to FIG. 2.
  • the load-bearing element of this diverter switch is a base plate 1, which receives and carries the movable permanent main contacts and the means for their actuation for each phase. Only such a complete permanent main contact 2 is shown here.
  • Fixed permanent main contact pairs 3, 4 are, cooperating with this, attached to the inner wall of an oil vessel, not shown, which encloses the entire diverter switch.
  • three contact carriers 5, 6, 7 are provided for each phase.
  • each of the fixed permanent main contacts 8 and 9 consists of a large number of individual contact lamellae 8.1 and 9.1.
  • Each of the contact lamellae 8.1 and 9.1 is articulated by means of contact springs 10 and 11, respectively.
  • the second fixed permanent main contact pair 4 On the right-hand side there is the second fixed permanent main contact pair 4.
  • each of the permanent permanent main contacts 12 and 13 consists of a large number of individual contact laminations 12.1 and 13.1, which in turn are articulated individually by contact springs 14 and 15.
  • the fixed permanent main contacts 9 and 13 are arranged on the first electrically conductive contact carrier 5 and form the common load transfer.
  • the fixed permanent main contacts 8 are arranged on the second contact carrier 6 and connected to the side A of the diverter switch, and the fixed permanent main contacts 12 are, electrically isolated therefrom, arranged on the third contact carrier 7 and connected to the side B of the diverter switch.
  • a common movable permanent main contact 16 which is electrically conductive, is provided. It has in the upper area on its left side a contact surface 17 which corresponds to the fixed permanent main contacts 9, and on its right side a contact surface 18 which corresponds to the fixed permanent main contacts 13. In its lower area, it has on the left side a contact surface 19 which corresponds to the fixed permanent main contacts 8 and, analogously, on the right side a further contact surface 20 which in turn corresponds to the fixed permanent main contacts 12.
  • the movable permanent main contact 16 has a bearing 21, not shown, such that it can be pivoted about a central position in the longitudinal axis of the diverter switch. The pivoting path of the permanent main contact 16 is indicated in the figures by two double arrows.
  • the two contact surfaces 17, 18 are, as is known from the prior art, dimensioned spherical in such a way that when the movable permanent main contact 16 is pivoted about its bearing 21, they are constantly connected to the fixed permanent main contacts 9 and 13, both of which, as explained above, with the electrical load transfer of the diverter switch are connected, remain in contact; this takes the form of sliding or rolling.
  • the electrical connection of the movable permanent main contact 16 to the load dissipation remains permanent, regardless of the position of the movable permanent main contact 16.
  • the two contact surfaces 19 and 20, respectively, of the movable permanent main contact 16 arranged underneath are designed such that they only come into contact with the respective one when the movable permanent main contact 16 is pivoted into one of its two end positions corresponding permanent permanent main contacts 8 or 12 come into contact.
  • the articulation of the contact lamellae 8.1 or 12.1 on the contact springs 10 or 14 takes place in such a way that the longitudinal axis of the contact springs 10, 14 each extend in the same direction as the direction of impact of the respective contact surface 19 or 20.
  • the effect of this is that the movable permanent main contact 16 deflects the respective contact lamella 8.1 or 12.1 in the respective end position exactly in its direction of movement against the spring force without opening or lateral spreading.
  • Figure 2 shows a section in the plane A-A.
  • the correspondence between the direction of movement of the movable permanent main contact 16 and the longitudinal direction of the corresponding contact springs 10 and 14 is shown again in detail, depending on the end position.
  • the direction of movement of the movable permanent main contact 16 when reaching an end position and the deflection direction of the contact lamellae 8.1 of the fixed permanent main contact 8, which it encounters, are illustrated by arrows.
  • the other end position of the permanent main contact 16, in which it meets the contact lamellae 12.1 of the fixed permanent main contact 12 in a completely analogous manner, is indicated by a thin dashed line.
  • FIGS. 3 and 4 A second, further developed diverter switch according to the invention is to be described below, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4.
  • Identical parts are provided with identical reference symbols; the arrangement and mode of operation of the parts designated by the reference numerals 1 to 21 is unchanged from the first exemplary embodiment explained above, which is why a repetition is omitted here.
  • Figure 4 shows a sectional view in the plane B-B.
  • the fixed permanent main contact 8 here has a specially designed erosion contact lamella 22 arranged at the top, as does the fixed permanent main contact 9 a corresponding erosion contact lamella 23.
  • the erosion contact lamellae 22, 23 each have an erosion contact insert 24 , 25 made of particularly erosion-resistant material, e.g. B, tungsten copper, on.
  • the movable permanent main contact 16 in the corresponding area of contact with the erosion contact lamellae 22, 23 also has a particular erosion contact insert 26, 27 with the same properties described,
  • the resiliently arranged erosion contact lamellae 22, 23 and the erosion contact inserts 26, 27 on the movable permanent contact 16 are geometrically designed such that they move onto the corresponding side A or B when the permanent main contact 16 switches is switched, be the first to come into contact with one another, ie be switched in front of the other contact lamellae 8.1 or 9.1 not equipped with this special material.
  • the fixed erosion contact blades 22, 23 are the last to be out of contact with the corresponding erosion contact insert 26, 27 - only after all the other contact blades 8.1 and 9.1 are already out of contact have arrived.
  • the embodiment of the diverter switch shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 thus has two additional advantages. On the one hand, it is not necessary to equip all contact laminations with the expensive tungsten-copper material. On the other hand, in the case of inspections or the like, only the erosion contact blades 22, 23 and the erosion contact inserts 26, 27 need to be replaced in a simple manner; practically no wear occurs at the other contact pairs. In order to further facilitate the replacement of the erosion contact inserts 26, 27, in a special development of the invention, these are screwed separately to the movable permanent main contact 16 by means of screws 28, 29.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Contacts (AREA)
  • Breakers (AREA)
  • Arc-Extinguishing Devices That Are Switches (AREA)
  • Keying Circuit Devices (AREA)
  • Protection Of Transformers (AREA)
  • Axle Suspensions And Sidecars For Cycles (AREA)
  • Control Of Electrical Variables (AREA)
  • Details Of Connecting Devices For Male And Female Coupling (AREA)
  • Push-Button Switches (AREA)
  • Slide Switches (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to an on-load tap changer for a sequence switch. The inventive on-load tap changer comprises two pairs of main contacts for each switched phase, the fixed contacts being bridged by a permanent movable main contact, respectively. Said permanent main fixed contacts consist of a plurality of contact segments which are pivoted by means of contact springs in such a way that the elongation direction of said individual contact segments corresponds to the direction of the impact of the permanent movable main contact.

Description

Lastumschalter für einen StufenschalterDiverter switch for a tap changer
Die Erfindung betrifft -einen Lastumschalter für einen Stufenschalter mit für jede Phase leistungslos schaltenden Dauerhauptkontakten.The invention relates to a diverter switch for a tap changer with permanent main contacts that switch off for each phase.
Ein solcher Lastumschalter ist aus der DE 100 50 895 C1 bekannt. Er weist für jede zu schaltende Phase zwei Dauerhauptkontaktpaare auf, die von einem einzigen, beweglichen, elektrisch leitenden Dauerhauptkontakt, der in zwei verschiedene Endstellungen verschwenkbar ist, alternativ überbrückbar sind. Dabei ist jeweils eines der beiden Dauerhauptkontaktpaare im stationären Zustand überbrückt und führt den Dauerstrom, derart, dass zu Beginn jeder Lastumschaltung des Stufenschalters das bisher den Dauerstrom führende eine Dauerhauptkontaktpaar geöffnet wird und am Ende jeder Lastumschaltung - nach Ablauf der gesamten Umschaltsequenz - das bisher geöffnete andere Dauerhauptkontaktpaar überbrückt wird und den Dauerstrom übernimmt. Dazu ist im Inneren des Lastumschalters eine zentrisch verlaufende Schaltwelle angeordnet, durch die der bewegliche, elektrisch leitende Dauerhauptkontakt - der Überbrückungskontakt also, betätigbar ist. Jedes Dauerhauptkontaktpaar besteht aus einem ersten und einem zweiten Dauerhauptkontakt, die voneinander elektrisch isoliert sind. Der eine dieser ersten Dauerhauptkontakte ist mit der einen Seite A, der andere dieser ersten Dauerhauptkontakte mit der anderen Seite B des Lastumschalters elektrisch verbunden. Die beiden zweiten Dauerhauptkontakte sind mit einer gemeinsamen Lastableitung des Lastumschalters elektrisch verbunden. Der bewegliche Dauerhauptkontakt hat eine derart baliig ausgebildete Auflauffläche, dass er ständig mit den beiden zweiten Dauerhauptkontakten beider Dauerhauptkontaktpaare, die mit der Lastableitung elektrisch verbunden sind, in Verbindung steht und auf diesen gleitet bzw. abrollt. In einem bestimmten Bereich hat er davon abweichend eine solche Kontur, dass seitlich Kontaktflächen angeformt sind, so dass er nur in jeder der beiden möglichen Endstellungen alternativ einen der jeweils ersten Dauerhauptkontakte eines der beiden Dauerhauptkontaktpaare elektrisch kontaktiert. Mit anderen Worten: In einer Endstellung des beweglichen Dauerhauptkontaktes wird die Seite A des Lastumschalters mit der Lastableitung verbunden, in der anderen Endstellung wird die Seite B des Lastumschalters mit der Lastableitung verbunden. Die Beschaltung der jeweils ersten Dauerhauptkontakte der beiden Dauerhauptkontaktpaare, die mit der Seite A oder B elektrisch in Verbindung stehen, erfolgt dabei in der Weise, dass der bewegliche Dauerhauptkontakt, wenn er in eine seiner Endpositionen verschwenkt wird, den jeweiligen ersten Dauerhauptkontakt, genauer gesagt dessen einzelne Kontaktlamellen, gegen die Kraft der jeweiligen Kontaktfedern, an denen diese angelenkt sind, nach außen drückt, sie also auseinander spreizt.Such a diverter switch is known from DE 100 50 895 C1. For each phase to be switched, it has two permanent main contact pairs that can alternatively be bridged by a single, movable, electrically conductive permanent main contact that can be pivoted into two different end positions. One of the two permanent main contact pairs is bridged in the steady state and carries the continuous current in such a way that at the beginning of each load changeover of the tap changer, the permanent main contact pair that previously carried the continuous current is opened, and at the end of each load changeover - after the entire changeover sequence has ended - the other one opened so far Main contact pair is bridged and takes over the continuous current. For this purpose, a central switching shaft is arranged in the interior of the diverter switch, through which the movable, electrically conductive permanent main contact - the bridging contact, can be actuated. Each permanent main contact pair consists of a first and a second permanent main contact, which are electrically insulated from one another. One of these first permanent main contacts is electrically connected to one side A, the other of these first permanent main contacts to the other side B of the diverter switch. The two second permanent main contacts are electrically connected to a common load derivation of the diverter switch. The movable permanent main contact has a balancing designed contact surface that it is constantly connected to the two second permanent main contacts of both permanent main contact pairs, which are electrically connected to the load transfer, and slides or rolls on them. In a certain area it deviates from such a contour that contact surfaces are integrally formed on the side, so that it only makes electrical contact with one of the first permanent main contacts of one of the two permanent main contact pairs only in each of the two possible end positions. In other words: in one end position of the movable permanent main contact, side A of the diverter switch is connected to the load derivative, in the other end position side B of the diverter switch is connected to the load conductor. The connection of the first permanent main contacts of the two permanent main contact pairs, which are electrically connected to the side A or B, takes place in such a way that the movable permanent main contact, when it is pivoted into one of its end positions, the respective first permanent main contact, more precisely its presses individual contact lamella outwards against the force of the respective contact springs to which they are articulated, thus spreading them apart.
Es hat sich jedoch gezeigt, dass dieses Auseinanderspreizen der Kontaktlamellen eine Reihe von Nachteilen besitzt. Zum einen erfolgt das Aufschalten der entsprechenden korrespondierenden Kontaktfläche des beweglichen Dauerhauptkontaktes auf den entsprechenden ersten Dauerhauptkontakt relativ langsam; dies ist bedingt durch die Geometrie der Kontur und die Bewegungsrichtung der einzelnen Kontaktlamellen und führt aus den nachfolgend erläuterten Gründen zu schlechten Werten für die Isolationsfestigkeit der gesamten Anordnung und damit die Spannungsfestigkeit des Lastumschalters; Bei jeder Lastumschaltung schaltet zunächst der Dauerhauptkontakt der bisher stromführenden Seite ab, d. h. der bewegliche Dauerhauptkontakt trennt sich vom entsprechenden festen Dauerhauptkontaktpaar, danach schaltet der eigentliche Schaltkontakt ab. Der bewegliche Dauerhauptkontakt muss bis zum Öffnen des eigentlichen Schaltkontaktes eine bestimmte Wegstrecke zurückgelegt haben, um damit eine bestimmte Spannungsfestigkeit zu gewährleisten. Diese Wegstrecke ist beim bekannten Lastumschalter - wie erläutert - relativ gering, was sich negativ auf die Spannungsfestigkeit auswirkt.However, it has been shown that this spreading apart of the contact lamellae has a number of disadvantages. On the one hand, the corresponding corresponding ones are activated Contact surface of the movable permanent main contact on the corresponding first permanent main contact relatively slowly; this is due to the geometry of the contour and the direction of movement of the individual contact blades and, for the reasons explained below, leads to poor values for the insulation strength of the entire arrangement and thus the dielectric strength of the diverter switch; Each time the load is switched, the permanent main contact on the current-carrying side switches off, ie the movable permanent main contact separates from the corresponding fixed permanent main contact pair, then the actual switching contact switches off. The movable permanent main contact must have covered a certain distance until the actual switch contact opens in order to ensure a certain dielectric strength. As explained, this distance is relatively short in the known diverter switch, which has a negative effect on the dielectric strength.
Zum anderen führt das langsame Aufgleiten und Auseinanderspreizen der einzelnen Kontaktlamellen durch den beweglichen Dauerhauptkontakt zu einer erhöhten Reibung. Die Kraft zur Überwindung dieser Reibung muss vom Kraftspeicher zusätzlich noch aufgebracht werden. Verschärft wird dieses Problem noch dadurch, dass das Aufschalten des Dauerhauptkontaktes - wie weiter oben erläutert - ganz am Ende der Lastumschaltung erfolgt, zu einem Zeitpunkt also, an dem die gespeicherte Energie des Kraftspeichers ohnehin nahezu erschöpft ist, Schließlich erfordert die bekannte Lösung auch eine sehr hohe Maßhaltigkeit sowohl beweglichem Dauerhauptkontakt als auch von Kontaktlamellen; schon geringste Fertigungstoleranzen können dazu führen, dass die Reibung derart ansteigt, dass der bewegliche Dauerhauptkontakt nicht mehr vollständig auf die Lamellen des jeweiligen festen Dauerhauptkontaktes aufschalten kann und damit der gesamte Lastumschalter seine Endstellung nicht oder nur unter Schwierigkeiten erreicht.On the other hand, the slow sliding and spreading apart of the individual contact lamellae leads to increased friction due to the movable permanent main contact. The force to overcome this friction must also be applied by the energy accumulator. This problem is exacerbated by the fact that the permanent main contact is switched on - as explained above - at the very end of the load switchover, at a time when the stored energy of the energy accumulator is almost exhausted anyway. Finally, the known solution also requires a very great deal high dimensional accuracy of both movable permanent contact and contact lamella; Even the smallest manufacturing tolerances can cause the friction to increase in such a way that the movable permanent main contact can no longer fully switch onto the lamellae of the respective fixed permanent main contact and the entire diverter switch does not reach its end position or only with difficulty.
Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es demnach, einen Lastumschalter der eingangs genannten Art anzugeben, bei dem die beschriebenen Dauerhauptkontaktpaarungen auf einfache Weise und ohne Beeinträchtigung der elektrischen Festigkeit betätigt werden können.The object of the invention is therefore to provide a diverter switch of the type mentioned, in which the described permanent main contact pairings can be actuated in a simple manner and without impairing the electrical strength.
Diese Aufgabe wird durch einen Lastumschalter mit den Merkmalen des ersten Patentanspruches gelöst. Die Unteransprüche betreffen vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen der Erfindung.This object is achieved by a diverter switch with the features of the first claim. The subclaims relate to advantageous developments of the invention.
Die der Erfindung zugrundeliegende aligemeine Idee besteht darin, dass die Richtung, in der die federnd angelenkten Kontaktlamellen der jeweils ersten Dauerhauptkontakte gegen die entsprechende Federkraft auslenkbar sind, zumindest annähernd der Auftreffrichtung des beweglichen Dauerhauptkontaktes, genauer gesagt der Kontur des beweglichen Dauerhauptkontaktes, entspricht. Dadurch trifft der bewegliche Dauerhauptkontakt genau in deren Auslenkrichtung auf die jeweiligen Kontaktlamellen auf; dies ist kinematisch in etwa vergleichbar mit dem Zusammenprallen von zwei Eisenbahnpuffern, von denen einer gefedert ist. Dabei erfolgt das Auftreffen sehr rasch, d. h. mit hoher Kontaktschließ- bzw. -Öffnungsgeschwindigkeit. Dies ergibt eine gute Spannungsfestigkeit, da innerhalb einer kurzen Zeit eine relativ hohe Wegstrecke von dem beweglichen Dauerhauptkontakt zurückgelegt wird. Zudem werden bei dieser Art und Weise des Aufeinandertreffens des beweglichen auf den sich in gleicher Richtung federnd bewegbaren festen Kontakt nur geringe Genauigkeitsanforderungen gestellt, und es treten keine zusätzlichen Reibungskräfte auf. Lediglich die Kraft zur Überwindung der Kontaktfederkräfte muss aufgebracht werden. Die Aufschaltung des beweglichen Dauerhauptkontaktes auf die jeweiligen festen Dauerhauptkontakte erfolgt schlagend; es entsteht wesentlich weniger Abrieb als bei der reibenden Verbindung nach dem Stand der Technik. Ein weiterer Vorteil der Erfindung besteht darin, dass beim Abschalten der bewegliche Dauerhauptkontakt von den festen Kontakten durch die entsprechende Federkraft weggedrückt wird, d, h. zum Abschalten wird keine zusätzliche Kraft benötigt. Im Gegensatz dazu müssen beim Stand der Technik auch beim Abschalten Reibungskräfte überwunden werden.The general idea underlying the invention is that the direction in which the resiliently articulated contact lamellae of the first permanent main contacts can be deflected against the corresponding spring force corresponds at least approximately to the direction of impact of the movable permanent main contact, more precisely the contour of the movable permanent main contact. As a result, the movable permanent main contact strikes the respective contact lamellae exactly in their deflection direction; this is roughly comparable kinematically to the collision of two railway buffers, one of which is sprung. This is done Impact very quickly, ie with a high contact closing or opening speed. This results in a good dielectric strength, since a relatively long distance from the movable permanent main contact is covered within a short time. In addition, with this type of collision of the movable contact with the fixed contact that is resiliently movable in the same direction, only small accuracy requirements are imposed, and no additional frictional forces occur. Only the force to overcome the contact spring forces has to be applied. The connection of the movable permanent main contact to the respective permanent permanent main contacts takes place strikingly; there is much less abrasion than with the friction connection according to the prior art. Another advantage of the invention is that when switching off the movable permanent main contact is pressed away from the fixed contacts by the corresponding spring force, i.e. no additional force is required to switch off. In contrast, in the prior art, frictional forces must also be overcome when switching off.
Die Erfindung soll nachfolgend an Hand von Zeichnungen beispielhaft noch näher erläutert werden.The invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to drawings.
Es zeigen:Show it:
Fig. 1 einen ersten erfindungsgemäßen Lastumschalter mit Dauerhauptkontakten in schematischer, perspektivischer Darstellung, wobei aus Gründen einer besseren Übersichtlichkeit eine Reihe von Bauteilen und Schaltmitteln, die zur Erläuterung der Erfindung nicht unbedingt erforderlich sind, weggelassen sindFig. 1 shows a first diverter switch according to the invention with permanent main contacts in a schematic, perspective view, a number of components and switching means, which are not absolutely necessary to explain the invention, are omitted for reasons of better clarity
Fig. 2 eine ebenfalls schematische Schnittdarstellung der festen Dauerhauptkontakte in einer ersten Ebene A-A gemäß Figur 1 im Zusammenwirken mit dem beweglichen Dauerhauptkontakt dieses ersten erfindungsgemäßen LastumschaltersFig. 2 is also a schematic sectional view of the fixed permanent main contacts in a first plane A-A according to Figure 1 in cooperation with the movable permanent main contact of this first diverter switch according to the invention
Fig. 3 einen zweiten erfindungsgemäßen Lastumschalter in schematischer, perspektivischerFig. 3 shows a second diverter switch according to the invention in a schematic, perspective
Darstellungpresentation
Fig. 4 wiederum eine schematische Schnittdarstellung der festen Dauerhauptkontakte in einer zweiten Ebene B-B gemäß Figur 3 im Zusammenwirken mit dem beweglichen Dauerhauptkontakt dieses zweiten erfindungsgemäßen Lastumschalters. Die schematische Schnittdarstellung in der Ebene A-A gemäß Figur 3 ist identisch mit Figur 2.FIG. 4 again shows a schematic sectional illustration of the fixed permanent main contacts in a second plane B-B according to FIG. 3 in cooperation with the movable permanent main contact of this second diverter switch according to the invention. The schematic sectional illustration in the plane A-A according to FIG. 3 is identical to FIG. 2.
Zunächst soll der in den Figuren 1 und 2 dargestellte Lastumschalter näher erläutert werden. Tragendes Element dieses Lastumschalters ist eine Grundplatte 1, die für jede Phase die beweglichen Dauerhauptkontakte und die Mittel zu ihrer Betätigung aufnimmt und trägt. Hier ist nur ein solcher vollständiger Dauerhauptkontakt 2 dargestellt. Feste Dauerhauptkontaktpaare 3, 4 sind, mit diesem zusammenwirkend, an der inneren Wandung eines nicht dargestellten Ölgefäßes, das den gesamten Lastumschalter umschließt, befestigt. Dazu sind für jede Phase drei Kontaktträger 5, 6, 7 vorgesehen. An der linken Seite ist das erste feste Dauerhauptkontaktpaar 3, bestehend aus unten angeordneten festen Dauerhauptkontakten 8, die mit der einen Seite A des Lastumschalters elektrisch in Verbindung stehen, und darüber angeordneten festen Dauerhauptkontakten 9, die zur gemeinsamen Lastableitung des Lastumschalters führen, angeordnet. Es ist zu sehen, dass jeder der festen Dauerhauptkontakte 8 bzw. 9 aus einer Vielzahl einzelner Kontaktlamelien 8.1 bzw. 9.1 besteht. Jede der Kontaktlamelien 8.1 bzw. 9.1 ist mittels Kontaktfedern 10 bzw. 11 federnd angelenkt. Auf der rechten Seite befindet sich das zweite feste Dauerhauptkontaktpaar 4. Dieses besteht ganz analog aus unten angeordneten festen Dauerhauptkontakten 12, die mit der anderen Seite B des Lastumschalters elektrisch in Verbindung stehen und darüber angeordneten festen Dauerhauptkontakten 13, die zur gemeinsamen Lastableitung führen. Auch hierbei ist jeder der festen Dauerhauptkontakte 12 bzw. 13 aus einer Vielzahl einzelner Kontaktlamelien 12.1 bzw. 13.1 bestehend, die wiederum ganz analog durch Kontaktfedern 14 bzw. 15 einzeln federnd angelenkt sind. Die festen Dauerhauptkontakte 9 und 13 sind auf dem ersten elektrisch leitenden Kontaktträger 5 angeordnet und bilden die gemeinsame Lastableitung. Die festen Dauerhauptkontakte 8 sind auf dem zweiten Kontaktträger 6 angeordnet und mit der Seite A des Lastumschalters verbunden, und die festen Dauerhauptkontakte 12 sind, davon elektrisch isoliert, auf dem dritten Kontaktträger 7 angeordnet und mit der Seite B des Lastumschalters verbunden.First, the diverter switch shown in Figures 1 and 2 will be explained in more detail. The load-bearing element of this diverter switch is a base plate 1, which receives and carries the movable permanent main contacts and the means for their actuation for each phase. Only such a complete permanent main contact 2 is shown here. Fixed permanent main contact pairs 3, 4 are, cooperating with this, attached to the inner wall of an oil vessel, not shown, which encloses the entire diverter switch. For this purpose, three contact carriers 5, 6, 7 are provided for each phase. On the left side is the first fixed permanent main contact pair 3, consisting of fixed permanent main contacts 8 arranged below, which are electrically connected to one side A of the diverter switch, and fixed permanent main contacts 9 arranged above them, which lead to the joint load transfer of the diverter switch. It can be seen that each of the fixed permanent main contacts 8 and 9 consists of a large number of individual contact lamellae 8.1 and 9.1. Each of the contact lamellae 8.1 and 9.1 is articulated by means of contact springs 10 and 11, respectively. On the right-hand side there is the second fixed permanent main contact pair 4. This consists, analogously, of fixed permanent main contacts 12 arranged below, which are electrically connected to the other side B of the diverter switch, and fixed permanent main contacts 13 arranged above them, which lead to the common load transfer. Here, too, each of the permanent permanent main contacts 12 and 13 consists of a large number of individual contact laminations 12.1 and 13.1, which in turn are articulated individually by contact springs 14 and 15. The fixed permanent main contacts 9 and 13 are arranged on the first electrically conductive contact carrier 5 and form the common load transfer. The fixed permanent main contacts 8 are arranged on the second contact carrier 6 and connected to the side A of the diverter switch, and the fixed permanent main contacts 12 are, electrically isolated therefrom, arranged on the third contact carrier 7 and connected to the side B of the diverter switch.
Weiterhin ist ein gemeinsamer beweglicher Dauerhauptkontakt 16, dieser elektrisch leitend, vorgesehen. Er besitzt im oberen Bereich an seiner linken Seite eine Auflauffläche 17, die mit den festen Dauerhauptkontakten 9 korrespondiert, sowie auf seiner rechten Seite eine Auflauffläche 18, die mit den festen Dauerhauptkontakten 13 korrespondiert. In seinem unteren Bereich weist er an der linken Seite eine Kontaktfläche 19 auf, die mit den festen Dauerhauptkontakten 8 korrespondiert sowie an der rechten Seite ganz analog eine weitere Kontaktfläche 20, die ihrerseits mit den festen Dauerhauptkontakten 12 korrespondiert. Der bewegliche Dauerhauptkontakt 16 weist ein nicht näher dargestelltes Lager 21 auf, derart, dass er in Längsachse des Lastumschalters um eine Mittellage herum verschwenkbar ist. Durch zwei Doppelpfeile ist in den Figuren der Verschwenkweg des Dauerhauptkontaktes 16 angedeutet. Die beiden Auflaufflächen 17, 18 sind, wie nach dem Stand der Technik bekannt, derart ballig dimensioniert, dass sie beim Verschwenken des beweglichen Dauerhauptkontaktes 16 um sein Lager 21 ständig mit den festen Dauerhauptkontakten 9 und 13, die, wie oben erläutert, beide mit der elektrischen Lastableitung des Lastumschalters verbunden sind, in Kontakt bleiben; dies erfolgt in Form eines Gleitens bzw. Abwälzens. Mit anderen Worten: Die elektrische Verbindung des beweglichen Dauerhauptkontaktes 16 zur Lastableitung bleibt permanent bestehen, unabhängig von der Stellung des beweglichen Dauerhauptkontaktes 16.Furthermore, a common movable permanent main contact 16, which is electrically conductive, is provided. It has in the upper area on its left side a contact surface 17 which corresponds to the fixed permanent main contacts 9, and on its right side a contact surface 18 which corresponds to the fixed permanent main contacts 13. In its lower area, it has on the left side a contact surface 19 which corresponds to the fixed permanent main contacts 8 and, analogously, on the right side a further contact surface 20 which in turn corresponds to the fixed permanent main contacts 12. The movable permanent main contact 16 has a bearing 21, not shown, such that it can be pivoted about a central position in the longitudinal axis of the diverter switch. The pivoting path of the permanent main contact 16 is indicated in the figures by two double arrows. The two contact surfaces 17, 18 are, as is known from the prior art, dimensioned spherical in such a way that when the movable permanent main contact 16 is pivoted about its bearing 21, they are constantly connected to the fixed permanent main contacts 9 and 13, both of which, as explained above, with the electrical load transfer of the diverter switch are connected, remain in contact; this takes the form of sliding or rolling. In other words: The electrical connection of the movable permanent main contact 16 to the load dissipation remains permanent, regardless of the position of the movable permanent main contact 16.
Im Gegensatz dazu sind die beiden jeweils darunter angeordneten Kontaktflächen 19 bzw. 20 des beweglichen Dauerhauptkontaktes 16 derart ausgebildet, dass sie nur beim Verschwenken des beweglichen Dauerhauptkontaktes 16 in eine seiner beiden Endlagen in Kontakt mit den jeweils korrespondierenden festen Dauerhauptkontakten 8 oder 12 in Kontakt gelangen. Dabei erfolgt erfindungsgemäß die Anlenkung der Kontaktlamelien 8.1 oder 12.1 an den Kontaktfedern 10 bzw. 14 in der Weise, dass sich die Längsachse der Kontaktfedern 10, 14 jeweils in die gleiche Richtung wie die Auftreffrichtung der jeweiligen Kontaktfläche 19 oder 20 erstreckt. Dies hat die Wirkung, dass der bewegliche Dauerhauptkontakt 16 beim Auftreffen auf die jeweiligen Kontaktlamelien 8.1 oder 12.1 in der jeweiligen Endstellung diese genau in seiner Bewegungsrichtung gegen die Federkraft auslenkt, ohne dass ein Auflaufen bzw. ein seitliches Aufspreizen erfolgt.In contrast, the two contact surfaces 19 and 20, respectively, of the movable permanent main contact 16 arranged underneath are designed such that they only come into contact with the respective one when the movable permanent main contact 16 is pivoted into one of its two end positions corresponding permanent permanent main contacts 8 or 12 come into contact. According to the invention, the articulation of the contact lamellae 8.1 or 12.1 on the contact springs 10 or 14 takes place in such a way that the longitudinal axis of the contact springs 10, 14 each extend in the same direction as the direction of impact of the respective contact surface 19 or 20. The effect of this is that the movable permanent main contact 16 deflects the respective contact lamella 8.1 or 12.1 in the respective end position exactly in its direction of movement against the spring force without opening or lateral spreading.
Figur 2 zeigt einen Schnitt in der Ebene A-A. In dieser Figur 2 ist die Übereinstimmung der Bewegungsrichtung von beweglichem Dauerhauptkontakt 16 und Längsrichtung der entsprechenden Kontaktfedern 10 bzw. 14 - je nach Endstellung - noch einmal detailliert gezeigt. Die Bewegungsrichtung des beweglichen Dauerhauptkontaktes 16 beim Erreichen einer Endstellung und die Auslenkrichtung der Kontaktlamelien 8,1 des festen Dauerhauptkontaktes 8, auf den er dabei trifft, sind durch Pfeile verdeutlicht. Die andere Endstellung des Dauerhauptkontaktes 16, bei der er in ganz analoger Weise auf die Kontaktlamelien 12.1 des festen Dauerhauptkontaktes 12 trifft, sind durch eine dünne Strichlinie angedeutet.Figure 2 shows a section in the plane A-A. In FIG. 2, the correspondence between the direction of movement of the movable permanent main contact 16 and the longitudinal direction of the corresponding contact springs 10 and 14 is shown again in detail, depending on the end position. The direction of movement of the movable permanent main contact 16 when reaching an end position and the deflection direction of the contact lamellae 8.1 of the fixed permanent main contact 8, which it encounters, are illustrated by arrows. The other end position of the permanent main contact 16, in which it meets the contact lamellae 12.1 of the fixed permanent main contact 12 in a completely analogous manner, is indicated by a thin dashed line.
Nachfolgend soll ein zweiter, weiter entwickelter erfindungsgemäßer Lastumschalter beschrieben werden, wie er in den Figuren 3 und 4 dargestellt ist, Gleiche Teile sind mit gleichen Bezugszeichen versehen; die Anordnung und Funktionsweise der mit den Bezugszeichen 1 bis 21 bezeichneten Teile ist gegenüber dem oben erläuterten ersten Ausführungsbeispiel unverändert, weswegen auf eine Wiederholung hier verzichtet wird. Die Figur 4 zeigt eine Schnittdarstellung in der Ebene B-B.A second, further developed diverter switch according to the invention is to be described below, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4. Identical parts are provided with identical reference symbols; the arrangement and mode of operation of the parts designated by the reference numerals 1 to 21 is unchanged from the first exemplary embodiment explained above, which is why a repetition is omitted here. Figure 4 shows a sectional view in the plane B-B.
Beim Schalten des Dauerhauptkontaktes 2 können unter bestimmten Betriebsbedingungen unerwünschte Lichtbögen auftreten, die zu einem ebenfalls unerwünschten Kontaktabbrand an den Kontaktlamelien 8,1, 9.1 der festen Dauerhauptkontakte 8, 9 ebenso wie am beweglichen Dauerhauptkontakt 16 führen können. Um dies zu vermeiden, weist hier der feste Dauerhauptkontakt 8 eine besonders ausgebildete oben angeordnete Abbrandkontaktlamelle 22 auf, ebenso der feste Dauerhauptkontakt 9 eine entsprechende Abbrandkontaktlamelle 23. In dem Bereich der Kontaktberührung mit dem beweglichen Dauerhauptkontakt 16 weisen die Abbrandkontaktlamellen 22, 23 jeweils einen Abbrandkontakteinsatz 24, 25 aus besonders abbrandfestem Material, z. B, Wolfram-Kupfer, auf. Entsprechend weist auch der bewegliche Dauerhauptkontakt 16 im korrespondierenden Bereich der Kontaktberührung mit den Abbrandkontaktlamellen 22, 23 jeweils einen besonderen Abbrandkontakteinsatz 26, 27 mit den gleichen beschriebenen Eigenschaften auf,When the permanent main contact 2 is switched, undesired arcs can occur under certain operating conditions, which can also lead to undesired contact erosion on the contact laminations 8,1, 9,1 of the fixed permanent main contacts 8, 9 as well as on the movable permanent main contact 16. To avoid this, the fixed permanent main contact 8 here has a specially designed erosion contact lamella 22 arranged at the top, as does the fixed permanent main contact 9 a corresponding erosion contact lamella 23. In the area of contact with the movable permanent main contact 16, the erosion contact lamellae 22, 23 each have an erosion contact insert 24 , 25 made of particularly erosion-resistant material, e.g. B, tungsten copper, on. Correspondingly, the movable permanent main contact 16 in the corresponding area of contact with the erosion contact lamellae 22, 23 also has a particular erosion contact insert 26, 27 with the same properties described,
Die federnd angeordneten festen Abbrandkontaktlamellen 22, 23 als auch die Abbrandkontakteinsätze 26, 27 am beweglichen Dauerhauptkontakt 16 sind dabei geometrisch derart ausgebildet, dass sie bei einer Schaltbewegung des Dauerhauptkontaktes 16 auf der entsprechenden Seite A oder B, auf die geschaltet wird, als erste in Kontakt miteinander gelangen, d. h. vor den übrigen, nicht mit diesem speziellen Material ausgerüsteten, Kontaktlamelien 8.1 bzw. 9.1 geschaltet werden. Beim Schalten in die andere Richtung, d. h. dem Verlassen der bisherigen Position des beweglichen Dauerhauptkontaktes 16, gelangen die festen Abbrandkontaktlamellen 22, 23 erst als letzte außer Kontakt mit dem entsprechenden Abbrandkontakteinsatz 26, 27 - erst nachdem alle übrigen Kontaktlamelien 8.1 bzw. 9.1 bereits außer Kontakt gelangt sind. Dadurch ist sichergestellt, dass ein eventuell auftretender Lichtbogen stets nur zwischen den besonders abbrandresistenten Abbrandkontakteinsätzen 24 oder 25 der Abbrandkontaktlamellen 22 oder 23 sowie dem jeweils damit zusammenwirkenden Abbrandkontakteinsatz 26 bzw. 27 auftritt und die anderen Kontaktpaarungen vor einem solchem Lichtbogen und damit unerwünschtem Abbrand zuverlässig geschützt werden.The resiliently arranged erosion contact lamellae 22, 23 and the erosion contact inserts 26, 27 on the movable permanent contact 16 are geometrically designed such that they move onto the corresponding side A or B when the permanent main contact 16 switches is switched, be the first to come into contact with one another, ie be switched in front of the other contact lamellae 8.1 or 9.1 not equipped with this special material. When switching in the other direction, i.e. leaving the previous position of the movable permanent main contact 16, the fixed erosion contact blades 22, 23 are the last to be out of contact with the corresponding erosion contact insert 26, 27 - only after all the other contact blades 8.1 and 9.1 are already out of contact have arrived. This ensures that an arc that may occur always occurs only between the particularly erosion-resistant erosion contact inserts 24 or 25 of the erosion contact blades 22 or 23 and the respective erosion contact insert 26 or 27 and that the other contact pairs are reliably protected against such an arc and thus undesired erosion ,
Es ist im Rahmen der Erfindung auch möglich, jeweils die gesamten besonderen Abbrandkontaktlamellen 22, 23 aus dem besonders abbrandfesten Material vorzusehen und auf die beschriebenen separaten Abbrandkontakteinsätze zu verzichten.It is also possible within the scope of the invention to provide the entire special erosion contact lamellae 22, 23 made of the particularly erosion-resistant material and to dispense with the separate erosion contact inserts described.
Es ist im Rahmen der Erfindung weiterhin natürlich auch möglich, jeweils mehr als eine solche besonders abbrandresistent ausgebildete Kontaktpaarung vorzusehen.It is, of course, also possible within the scope of the invention to provide more than one such contact pair that is designed to be particularly resistant to erosion.
Es wäre ebenfalls auch möglich, alle Kontaktlamelien 8.1 , 9.1 und auch den gesamten beweglichen Dauerhauptkontakt 16 aus diesem besonders abbrandfesten Material herzustellen, jedoch wird dies aus Kostengründen üblicherweise nicht realisiert werden.It would also be possible to produce all contact lamellae 8.1, 9.1 and also the entire movable permanent main contact 16 from this particularly erosion-resistant material, but this will usually not be realized for cost reasons.
Die in den Figuren 3 und 4 gezeigte Ausführungsform des Lastumschalters hat damit zwei zusätzliche Vorteile. Zum einen ist es nicht erforderlich, alle Kontaktlamelien mit dem teueren Wolfram-Kupfer- Material auszurüsten. Zum anderen brauchen bei Inspektionen o. ä. auf einfache Weise nur die Abbrandkontaktlamellen 22, 23 sowie die Abbrandkontakteinsätze 26, 27 ausgetauscht zu werden; an den anderen Kontaktpaarungen tritt praktisch kein Verschleiß auf. Um das Austauschen der Abbrandkontakteinsätze 26, 27 weiter zu erleichtern, sind diese in einer besonderen Weiterbildung der Erfindung separat mittels Schrauben 28, 29 am beweglichen Dauerhauptkontakt 16 verschraubt. The embodiment of the diverter switch shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 thus has two additional advantages. On the one hand, it is not necessary to equip all contact laminations with the expensive tungsten-copper material. On the other hand, in the case of inspections or the like, only the erosion contact blades 22, 23 and the erosion contact inserts 26, 27 need to be replaced in a simple manner; practically no wear occurs at the other contact pairs. In order to further facilitate the replacement of the erosion contact inserts 26, 27, in a special development of the invention, these are screwed separately to the movable permanent main contact 16 by means of screws 28, 29.
Bezugszeichenaufstellung:REFERENCE NUMBERS:
1 Grundplatte1 base plate
2 Dauerhauptkontakt komplett für eine Phase2 Permanent main contact complete for one phase
3 festes Dauerhauptkontaktpaar3 permanent permanent contact pair
4 festes Dauerhauptkontaktpaar4 fixed permanent main contact pair
5 erster Kontaktträger, verbunden mit der Lastableitung5 first contact carrier, connected to the load transfer
6 zweiter Kontaktträger, verbunden mit der Seite A6 second contact carrier, connected to side A
7 dritter Kontaktträger, verbunden mit der Seite B7 third contact carrier, connected to side B
8 unterer Dauerhauptkontakt von 3, verbindbar mit A8 lower permanent main contact of 3, connectable to A
9 oberer Dauerhauptkontakt von 3, verbunden mit der Lastableitung 8.1 Kontaktlamelien von 89 top permanent main contact of 3, connected to the load transfer 8.1 contact lamellae of 8
9,1 Kontaktlamelien von 99.1 contact lamellas of 9
10 Kontaktfedern für 8.110 contact springs for 8.1
11 Kontaktfedern für 9.111 contact springs for 9.1
12 unterer Dauerhauptkontakt von 4, verbindbar mit B12 lower permanent main contact of 4, connectable to B
13 oberer Dauerhauptkontakt von 4, verbunden mit der Lastableitung 12.1 Kontaktlamelien von 1213 upper permanent main contact of 4, connected to the load conductor 12.1 contact lamellas of 12
13.1 Kontaktlamelien von 1313.1 contact lamellas of 13
14 Kontaktfedern für 12.114 contact springs for 12.1
15 Kontaktfedern für 13.115 contact springs for 13.1
16 beweglicher Dauerhauptkontakt16 moving permanent main contact
17 Auflauffläche, abwälzend auf 917 ramp area, rolling down to 9
18 Auflauffläche, abwälzend auf 1318 ramp area, rolling down to 13
19 Kontaktfläche, auftreffend auf 819 contact surface, hitting 8
20 Kontaktfläche, auftreffend auf 1220 contact surface, impinging on 12
21 Lager21 bearings
22 Abbrandkontaktlamelle von 822 erosion contact lamella from 8
23 Abbrandkontaktlamelle von 1223 erosion contact lamella from 12
24 Abbrandkontakteinsatz an 2224 erosion contact insert on 22
25 Abbrandkontakteinsatz an 2325 erosion contact insert on 23
26 Abbrandkontakteinsatz an 1626 erosion contact insert on 16
27 Abbrandkontakteinsatz an 1627 erosion contact insert on 16
28 Schraube28 screw
29 Schraube 29 screw

Claims

Patentansprüche claims
1. Lastumschalter für einen Stufenschalter, wobei für jede zu schaltende Phase zwei feste Dauerhauptkontaktpaare (3, 4) vorgesehen sind, die von einem einzigen, beweglichen, elektrisch leitenden Dauerhauptkoπtakt (16), der in zwei verschiedene Endstellungen verschwenkbar ist, überbrückbar sind, wobei in jeder zu schaltenden Phase jeweils eines der beiden Dauerhauptkontaktpaare (3 oder 4) im stationären Zustand überbrückt ist und den Dauerstrom führt, wobei jedes der beiden Dauerhauptkontaktpaare (3, 4) jeweils aus einem unteren Dauerhauptkontakt1. diverter switch for a tap changer, two fixed permanent main contact pairs (3, 4) being provided for each phase to be switched, which can be bridged by a single, movable, electrically conductive permanent main contact (16) which can be pivoted into two different end positions, whereby in each phase to be switched one of the two permanent main contact pairs (3 or 4) is bridged in the stationary state and carries the continuous current, each of the two permanent main contact pairs (3, 4) each having a lower permanent main contact
(8, 12) und einem oberen, davon elektrisch isolierten Dauerhauptkontakt (9, 13) besteht, wobei der eine untere Dauerhauptkontakt (8) mit einer Seite (A) und der andere untere(8, 12) and an upper permanent main contact (9, 13), which is electrically insulated therefrom, one lower permanent main contact (8) with one side (A) and the other lower one
Dauerhauptkontakt (12) mit der zweiten Seite (B) des Lastumschalters elektrisch verbunden ist, wobei die beiden oberen Dauerhauptkontakte (9, 13) mit einer gemeinsamen Lastableitung desPermanent main contact (12) with the second side (B) of the diverter switch is electrically connected, the two upper permanent main contacts (9, 13) with a common load transfer of the
Lastumschalters elektrisch verbunden sind, wobei der bewegliche Dauerhauptkontakt (16) ständig mit den oberen Dauerhauptkontakten (9, 13) elektrisch in Verbindung steht, wobei der bewegliche Dauerhauptkontakt (16) in einem Bereich beidseitig jeweils eine KontaktflächeLoad changeover switch are electrically connected, the movable permanent main contact (16) being constantly in electrical connection with the upper permanent main contacts (9, 13), the movable permanent main contact (16) having a contact surface on both sides in an area
(19, 20) aufweist, derart, dass nur in jeder der beiden Endstellungen alternativ eine der beiden(19, 20), such that only one of the two alternatively in each of the two end positions
Kontaktflächen (19 oder 20) mit jeweils einem der unteren Dauerhauptkontakte (8 oder 12) elektrisch in Verbindung steht und wobei jeder der unteren Dauerhauptkontakte (8, 12) aus einer Vielzahl einzelner KontaktlamelienContact surfaces (19 or 20) are each electrically connected to one of the lower permanent main contacts (8 or 12) and each of the lower permanent main contacts (8, 12) consists of a large number of individual contact laminations
(8,1, 12.1) besteht und jede der Kontaktlamelien (8.1 , 12.1) mittels mindestens einer Kontaktfeder (10,(8,1, 12.1) and each of the contact laminations (8.1, 12.1) by means of at least one contact spring (10,
14) federnd angelenkt ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sich die Längsachsen der Kontaktfedern (10, 14), an denen jeweils die Kontaktlamelien (8.1 ,14) is resiliently articulated, characterized in that the longitudinal axes of the contact springs (10, 14) on which the contact laminations (8.1,
12.1) angelenkt sind, in die gleiche Richtung wie die Auftreffrichtung der jeweiligen Kontaktfläche (19 oder 20) des beweglichen Dauerhauptkontaktes (16) erstrecken, derart, dass die Auslenkrichtung der12.1) are articulated in the same direction as the direction of impact of the respective contact surface (19 or 20) of the movable permanent main contact (16), such that the deflection direction of the
Kontaktlamelien (8.1 , 12.1) und damit der unteren festen Dauerhauptkontakte (8, 12) jeweils derContact lamellas (8.1, 12.1) and thus the lower permanent permanent contacts (8, 12) each of the
Auftreffrichtung des beweglichen Dauerhauptkontaktes (16) entspricht.Direction of impact of the movable permanent main contact (16) corresponds.
2. Lastumschalter nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass jeweils mindestens eine der Kontaktlamelien der unteren festen Dauerhauptkontakte (8, 12) als Abbrandkontaktlamelle (22, 23) ausgebildet ist und ganz oder teilweise aus abbrandresistentem Material besteht, dass der bewegliche Dauerhauptkontakt (16) im Bereich der Kontaktberührung mit den Abbrandkontaktlamellen (22, 23) jeweils einen Abbrandkontakteinsatz (26, 27) aus ebenfalls abbrandresistentem Material aufweist und dass die Abbrandkontaktlamellen (22, 23) als auch die korrespondierenden Abbrandkontakteinsätze (26, 27) geometrisch derart ausgebildet sind, dass sie bei jeder Schaltbewegung des beweglichen Dauerhauptkontaktes (16) in eine der beiden Endpositionen als erste jeweils in Kontakt miteinander gelangen, bevor die übrigen Kontaktlamelien (8.1 , 9.1 ) der jeweiligen Seite geschaltet werden und als letzte außer Kontakt gelangen, nachdem die übrigen Kontaktlamelien (8.1 , 9.1) der jeweils abschaltenden Seite bereits außer Kontakt mit dem Dauerhauptkontakt (16) gelangt sind.2. diverter switch according to claim 1, characterized in that in each case at least one of the contact lamellae of the lower fixed permanent main contacts (8, 12) is designed as a erosion contact lamella (22, 23) and consists entirely or partially of erosion-resistant material that the movable permanent main contact (16) in the area of contact with the erosion contact lamellae (22, 23) each has an erosion contact insert (26, 27) made of material that is also erosion-resistant and that the erosion contact lamellae (22, 23) and the corresponding erosion contact inserts (26, 27) are geometrically designed such that they come into contact with one another of the two end positions with each switching movement of the movable permanent main contact (16) before the other contact lamellae (8.1, 9.1) on the respective side are switched and are the last to be out of contact after the other contact lamellae (8.1, 9.1) on the side that is being switched off have already come out of contact with the permanent main contact (16).
3. Lastumschalter nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Abbrandkontaktlamellen (22, 23) im Bereich der Kontaktgabe mit den jeweiligen Abbrandkontakteinsätzen (26, 27) des beweglichen Dauerhauptkontaktes (16) ebenfalls Abbrandkontakteinsätze (24, 25) aufweisen und nur diese aus abbrandresistentem Material bestehen.3. diverter switch according to claim 2, characterized in that the erosion contact lamellae (22, 23) in the area of contact with the respective erosion contact inserts (26, 27) of the movable permanent main contact (16) also have erosion contact inserts (24, 25) and only these are erosion-resistant Material.
4. Lastumschalter nach Anspruch 2 oder 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Abbrandkontakteinsätze (26, 27) mittels Schrauben (28, 29) am beweglichen Dauerhauptkontakt (16) befestigt sind.4. diverter switch according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the erosion contact inserts (26, 27) by means of screws (28, 29) on the movable permanent main contact (16) are attached.
5. Lastumschalter nach einem der Ansprüche 2 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass als abbrandresistentes Material eine Wolfram-Kupfer-Legierung verwendet wird. 5. diverter switch according to one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that a tungsten-copper alloy is used as the erosion-resistant material.
EP04718920A 2003-03-19 2004-03-10 On-load tap changer for a sequence switch Expired - Lifetime EP1620871B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10312176A DE10312176B3 (en) 2003-03-19 2003-03-19 Load switch for stepping switch with 2 fixed main contact pairs for each current phase to be switched and cooperating movable main contact
PCT/EP2004/002445 WO2004084241A2 (en) 2003-03-19 2004-03-10 On-load tap changer for a sequence switch

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1620871A2 true EP1620871A2 (en) 2006-02-01
EP1620871B1 EP1620871B1 (en) 2008-09-17

Family

ID=32309076

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP04718920A Expired - Lifetime EP1620871B1 (en) 2003-03-19 2004-03-10 On-load tap changer for a sequence switch

Country Status (11)

Country Link
US (1) US6998547B2 (en)
EP (1) EP1620871B1 (en)
JP (1) JP4403175B2 (en)
KR (1) KR101015495B1 (en)
CN (1) CN100437854C (en)
AT (1) ATE408886T1 (en)
BR (1) BRPI0406208B1 (en)
DE (2) DE10312176B3 (en)
ES (1) ES2311808T3 (en)
HK (1) HK1085836A1 (en)
WO (1) WO2004084241A2 (en)

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DE102005027527B3 (en) * 2005-06-15 2006-08-17 Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen Gmbh Energy storage device e.g. for load-tap changer switch for transformer, has first and second rollers which are moved in stages by step-change slide
DE102005027524B3 (en) 2005-06-15 2006-10-12 Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen Gmbh Power accumulator for on-load tap changer, has lift and leaping carriages with three linear bearings, and cam follower coinciding with actuator such that leaping carriage is pushed into new final position by rotation of eccentric plate
DE102010015051B4 (en) * 2010-04-15 2012-06-14 Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen Gmbh Mechanical switching contact
DE102010020180A1 (en) * 2010-05-11 2011-11-17 Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen Gmbh Diverter switch for a tap changer
DE102010050264A1 (en) * 2010-11-02 2012-05-03 Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen Gmbh Mechanical switch for an on-load tap-changer
US9417639B2 (en) 2014-03-24 2016-08-16 Brandon & Clark, Inc. Non-bridging position tap changer control and method of operation
DE102014107273B4 (en) * 2014-05-23 2016-10-27 Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen Gmbh Switch for a switching device and diverter switch for an on-load tap-changer of a variable transformer
BR112018003926B1 (en) * 2015-08-28 2024-03-05 Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen Gmbh LOAD SWITCH TO A LOAD BYPASS SWITCH AND CONTINUOUS MAIN SWITCH AND DISCONNECT SWITCH TO THE SAME
CN112133584B (en) * 2020-10-15 2023-03-31 施耐德万高（天津）电气设备有限公司 Rotary plug-in contact

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN100437854C (en) 2008-11-26
BRPI0406208B1 (en) 2016-10-25
HK1085836A1 (en) 2006-09-01
EP1620871B1 (en) 2008-09-17
KR101015495B1 (en) 2011-02-22
US20050205394A1 (en) 2005-09-22
US6998547B2 (en) 2006-02-14
ATE408886T1 (en) 2008-10-15
WO2004084241A2 (en) 2004-09-30
ES2311808T3 (en) 2009-02-16
JP2006520535A (en) 2006-09-07
CN1836299A (en) 2006-09-20
BRPI0406208A (en) 2005-08-09
WO2004084241A3 (en) 2006-02-23
DE502004008089D1 (en) 2008-10-30
JP4403175B2 (en) 2010-01-20
DE10312176B3 (en) 2004-06-09
KR20050113593A (en) 2005-12-02

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