EP1615510A1 - Method for the reduction of acrylamide formation during heating of amino group-containing compounds - Google Patents

Method for the reduction of acrylamide formation during heating of amino group-containing compounds

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Publication number
EP1615510A1
EP1615510A1 EP04726104A EP04726104A EP1615510A1 EP 1615510 A1 EP1615510 A1 EP 1615510A1 EP 04726104 A EP04726104 A EP 04726104A EP 04726104 A EP04726104 A EP 04726104A EP 1615510 A1 EP1615510 A1 EP 1615510A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
acrylamide
formation
reducing
heating
ascorbic acid
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP04726104A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Alfred Oftring
Klaus Krämer
Brigitte Nowakowsky
Ute OBERMÜLLER-JEVIC
Arnulf TRÖSCHER
Wolf Stegmaier
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DSM IP Assets BV
Original Assignee
BASF SE
DSM IP Assets BV
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Publication date
Application filed by BASF SE, DSM IP Assets BV filed Critical BASF SE
Publication of EP1615510A1 publication Critical patent/EP1615510A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A21—BAKING; EDIBLE DOUGHS
    • A21D—TREATMENT, e.g. PRESERVATION, OF FLOUR OR DOUGH, e.g. BY ADDITION OF MATERIALS; BAKING; BAKERY PRODUCTS; PRESERVATION THEREOF
    • A21D2/00—Treatment of flour or dough by adding materials thereto before or during baking
    • A21D2/08—Treatment of flour or dough by adding materials thereto before or during baking by adding organic substances
    • A21D2/14—Organic oxygen compounds
    • A21D2/22—Ascorbic acid
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A21—BAKING; EDIBLE DOUGHS
    • A21D—TREATMENT, e.g. PRESERVATION, OF FLOUR OR DOUGH, e.g. BY ADDITION OF MATERIALS; BAKING; BAKERY PRODUCTS; PRESERVATION THEREOF
    • A21D13/00—Finished or partly finished bakery products
    • A21D13/80—Pastry not otherwise provided for elsewhere, e.g. cakes, biscuits or cookies
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A21—BAKING; EDIBLE DOUGHS
    • A21D—TREATMENT, e.g. PRESERVATION, OF FLOUR OR DOUGH, e.g. BY ADDITION OF MATERIALS; BAKING; BAKERY PRODUCTS; PRESERVATION THEREOF
    • A21D2/00—Treatment of flour or dough by adding materials thereto before or during baking
    • A21D2/08—Treatment of flour or dough by adding materials thereto before or during baking by adding organic substances
    • A21D2/14—Organic oxygen compounds
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/10—Organic substances
    • A23K20/174—Vitamins
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
    • A23L19/00—Products from fruits or vegetables; Preparation or treatment thereof
    • A23L19/10—Products from fruits or vegetables; Preparation or treatment thereof of tuberous or like starch containing root crops
    • A23L19/12—Products from fruits or vegetables; Preparation or treatment thereof of tuberous or like starch containing root crops of potatoes
    • A23L19/18—Roasted or fried products, e.g. snacks or chips
    • A23L19/19—Roasted or fried products, e.g. snacks or chips from powdered or mashed potato products
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
    • A23L5/00—Preparation or treatment of foods or foodstuffs, in general; Food or foodstuffs obtained thereby; Materials therefor
    • A23L5/20—Removal of unwanted matter, e.g. deodorisation or detoxification
    • A23L5/27—Removal of unwanted matter, e.g. deodorisation or detoxification by chemical treatment, by adsorption or by absorption
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
    • A23L7/00—Cereal-derived products; Malt products; Preparation or treatment thereof
    • A23L7/10—Cereal-derived products
    • A23L7/117—Flakes or other shapes of ready-to-eat type; Semi-finished or partly-finished products therefor
    • A23L7/13—Snacks or the like obtained by oil frying of a formed cereal dough

Definitions

  • acrylamide as a result of thermal stress on food, in particular carbohydrate-rich foods such as potato and grain products, has been the focus of public discussion for some time. It is known from animal experiments that acrylamide can cause cancer and, in higher doses, can also be neurotoxic.
  • ascorbic acid here encompasses both L-ascorbic acid (vitamin C) and D-ascorbic acid (isoascorbic acid) as well as salts and fatty acid esters of both diastereomeric forms.
  • salts of ascorbic acid are alkali or alkaline earth metal salts such as sodium ascorbate, potassium ascorbate or calcium ascorbate, but also salts of ascorbic acid with organic amine compounds such as choline ascorbate or L-carnitine ascorbate.
  • Alkali metal salts of ascorbic acid are preferably used, particularly preferably sodium ascorbate.
  • vitamin E encompasses vitamin E, vitamin E derivatives or mixtures thereof.
  • vitamin E stands for natural or synthetic ⁇ -, ⁇ -, ⁇ - or ⁇ -tocopherol and for tocotrienol.
  • Vitamin E derivatives are e.g. Tocopheryl-Co-alkanoic acid esters such as tocopheryl acetate or tocopheryl palmitate.
  • L-ascorbic acid and its salts in particular sodium L-ascorbate, are used to reduce the formation of acrylamide.
  • ascorbic acid or ascorbate therefore stands for the L-form below.
  • Amino group-containing compounds are, for example, amino acids such as asparagine, glutamine, methionine, cysteine, tryptophan, histidine or lysine, and proteins which contain these amino acids.
  • Asparagine is the preferred amino acid and asparagine-containing proteins are the preferred proteins.
  • Reducing sugars such as glucose, fructose, mannose, ribose, galactose, lactose, cellobiose or maltose are preferred as reducing substances for the process according to the invention.
  • the process according to the invention is further characterized in that it leads to a reduction in the formation of acrylamide when heating compounds containing amino groups to greater temperatures 90 ° C, preferably at temperatures in the range from 120 to 250 ° C, particularly preferably in the range from 150 to 200 ° C.
  • a further preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention leads to a reduction in the formation of acrylamide when heating food and animal feed, particularly preferably when heating starch-containing foods, very particularly preferably when baking, roasting, cooking or deep-frying foods containing potatoes and cereals. 10
  • Examples of foods containing potatoes and cereals include Potato chips, French fries, fried potatoes, potato rösties, bread, crispbread, rusks, breakfast cereals, biscuits and crackers.
  • the amount of ascorbic acid and / or vitamin E used is in the range from 5 to 150 mol%, based on the amount of the compounds containing amino groups.
  • a particularly preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention relates to the reduction of acrylamide formation when heating potato or grain-containing foods which contain asparagine or asparagine-containing proteins to temperatures in the range from 150 to 200 ° C., characterized in that
  • Example 2 Analogously to Example 1, 1.32 g of asparagine, 1.98 g of glucose monohydrate and 1.76 g of ascorbic acid were heated. 31 mg of acrylamide / mol of asparagine were produced.
  • Analog 5a a further 6 portions of a second biscuit dough were prepared, which were additionally mixed with 7 mg of ascorbic acid per g of the finished dough mixture.
  • Analog 6a a further 3 portions of a second potato dough were prepared, which were additionally mixed with 65 mg of ascorbic acid per g of potato flakes used.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Nutrition Science (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Animal Husbandry (AREA)
  • General Preparation And Processing Of Foods (AREA)
  • Preparation Of Fruits And Vegetables (AREA)
  • Bakery Products And Manufacturing Methods Therefor (AREA)
  • Confectionery (AREA)
  • Cereal-Derived Products (AREA)
  • Fodder In General (AREA)
  • Furan Compounds (AREA)

Abstract

Disclosed is a method for reducing the formation of acrylamide during heating of amino group-containing compounds in the presence of reducing substances. Said method is characterized by the fact that the amino group-containing compounds are mixed with ascorbic acid and/or vitamin E before being heated.

Description

Verfahren zur Verminderung der Acrylamidbildung beim Erhitzen von aminogruppenhaltigen VerbindungenProcess for reducing acrylamide formation when heating compounds containing amino groups
Beschreibungdescription
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Verminderung der Acrylamidbildung beim Erhitzen von aminogruppenhaltigen Verbindungen in Gegenwart von reduzierenden Substanzen, das dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, dass man die aminogruppenhaltigen Verbindungen vor dem Erhitzen mit Ascorbinsäure und/oder Vitamin E mischt.The present invention relates to a process for reducing the formation of acrylamide when heating compounds containing amino groups in the presence of reducing substances, which is characterized in that the compounds containing amino groups are mixed with ascorbic acid and / or vitamin E before heating.
Die Bildung von Acrylamid infolge thermischer Belastung von Lebensmitteln, insbesondere von kohlenhydratreichen Lebensmitteln wie Kartoffel- und Getreideprodukte, steht seit einiger Zeit im Fokus der öffentlichen Diskussion. Aus Tierversuchen ist bekannt, dass Acrylamid krebsauslösend und in höheren Dosen auch neuro- toxisc sein kann.The formation of acrylamide as a result of thermal stress on food, in particular carbohydrate-rich foods such as potato and grain products, has been the focus of public discussion for some time. It is known from animal experiments that acrylamide can cause cancer and, in higher doses, can also be neurotoxic.
Die Mechanismen der Acrylamidbildung sind derzeit noch relativ unklar. Einiges deutet jedoch darauf hin, dass die Maillard-Reaktion zwischen oc-Aminosäuren und reduzierenden Zuckern eine zentrale Rolle spielt.The mechanisms of acrylamide formation are currently still relatively unclear. However, there is some evidence that the Maillard reaction between oc-amino acids and reducing sugars plays a central role.
In Nature 2002, 419, 448 (D. Mottram et al . ) wird die Maillard- Reaktion und die damit in Verbindung gebrachte Bildung von Acrylamid anhand von Modellexperimenten näher beschrieben. Insbesondere die Reaktion von Glucose mit der Aminosäure Asparagin liefert bei hohen Temperaturen (z.B. 180°C) im schwach sauer gepuf- ferten Milieu signifikant große Mengen Acrylamid (>100 mg pro Mol Aminosäure) .Nature 2002, 419, 448 (D. Mottram et al.) Describes the Maillard reaction and the associated formation of acrylamide in more detail using model experiments. In particular, the reaction of glucose with the amino acid asparagine provides significantly high amounts of acrylamide (> 100 mg per mole of amino acid) at high temperatures (e.g. 180 ° C) in a weakly acid buffered environment.
Ähnliche Ergebnisse wurden von R. H. Stadler et al . (Nature 2002; 419, 449) gefunden.Similar results have been reported by R.H. Stadler et al. (Nature 2002; 419, 449) found.
In Deutsche Lebensmittel Rundschau, Heft 11, 2002, 397ff. wird von R. Weißhaar und B. Gutsche ebenfalls die Bildung von Acrylamid durch die thermische Zersetzung von Asparagin in Gegenwart reduzierender Zucker beschrieben. Als reduzierende Verbindung wurde von den Autoren u.a. auch Ascorbinsäure eingesetzt.In Deutsche Lebensmittel Rundschau, Issue 11, 2002, 397ff. R. Weißhaar and B. Gutsche also describe the formation of acrylamide by the thermal decomposition of asparagine in the presence of reducing sugars. As a reducing connection, the authors have used also used ascorbic acid.
Die gleichzeitige Verwendung von Aminosäure, einem reduzierenden Zucker und Ascorbinsäure ist im o.g. Stand der Technik nicht vorbeschrieben. Es war nun Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung, die Bildung von Acrylamid bei der thermischen Behandlung von aminogruppenhaltigen Verbindungen deutlich zu verringern.The simultaneous use of amino acid, a reducing sugar and ascorbic acid is not described in the prior art mentioned above. It was an object of the present invention to significantly reduce the formation of acrylamide during the thermal treatment of compounds containing amino groups.
Diese Aufgabe wurde durch das eingangs erwähnte Verfahren gelöst.This problem was solved by the method mentioned at the beginning.
Der Begriff Ascorbinsäure umfasst hierbei sowohl die L-Ascorbin- säure (Vitamin C) als auch die D-Ascorbinsäure (Isoascorbinsäure) sowie Salze und Fettsäureester beider diastereomeren Formen.The term ascorbic acid here encompasses both L-ascorbic acid (vitamin C) and D-ascorbic acid (isoascorbic acid) as well as salts and fatty acid esters of both diastereomeric forms.
Beispiele für Salze der Ascorbinsäure sind Alkali- oder Erdalkalimetallsalze wie Natriumascorbat, Kaliumascorbat oder Calcium- ascorbat, aber auch Salze der Ascorbinsäure mit organischen Amin- verbindungen wie Cholinascorbat oder L-Carnitinascorbat . Bevor- zugt verwendet man Alkalimetallsalze der Ascorbinsäure, besonders bevorzugt Natriumascorbat .Examples of salts of ascorbic acid are alkali or alkaline earth metal salts such as sodium ascorbate, potassium ascorbate or calcium ascorbate, but also salts of ascorbic acid with organic amine compounds such as choline ascorbate or L-carnitine ascorbate. Alkali metal salts of ascorbic acid are preferably used, particularly preferably sodium ascorbate.
Als Fettsäureester der Ascorbinsäure sind z.B. L-Ascorbylpalmitat oder L-Ascorbylstearat gemeint.As fatty acid esters of ascorbic acid e.g. L-ascorbyl palmitate or L-ascorbyl stearate means.
Der Begriff Vitamin E umfasst im Rahmen der vorliegenden Erfindung Vitamin E, Vitamin E-Derivate oder Mischungen davon. Die Bezeichnung Vitamin E steht in diesem Zusammenhang für natürliches oder synthetisches α-, ß-, γ- oder δ-Tocopherol sowie für Toco- trienol. Vitamin E-Derivate sind z.B. Tocopheryl-Cι-Co-Alkansäu- reester wie Tocopherylacetat oder Tocopherylpalmitat .In the context of the present invention, the term vitamin E encompasses vitamin E, vitamin E derivatives or mixtures thereof. In this context, the term vitamin E stands for natural or synthetic α-, β-, γ- or δ-tocopherol and for tocotrienol. Vitamin E derivatives are e.g. Tocopheryl-Co-alkanoic acid esters such as tocopheryl acetate or tocopheryl palmitate.
In einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens wird zur Verminderung der Acrylamid-Bildung die L-Ascor- binsäure sowie deren Salze, insbesondere Natrium-L-ascorbat verwendet. Der Begriff Ascorbinsäure bzw. Ascorbat steht daher im folgenden für die L-Form.In a preferred embodiment of the process according to the invention, L-ascorbic acid and its salts, in particular sodium L-ascorbate, are used to reduce the formation of acrylamide. The term ascorbic acid or ascorbate therefore stands for the L-form below.
Als aminogruppenhaltige Verbindungen sind beispielsweise Amino- säuren wie Asparagin, Glutamin, Methionin, Cystein, Tryptophan, Histidin oder Lysin gemeint sowie Proteine, die diese Aminosäuren enthalten. Als bevorzugte Aminosäure ist Asparagin und als bevorzugte Proteine sind Asparagin-haltige Proteine zu nennen.Amino group-containing compounds are, for example, amino acids such as asparagine, glutamine, methionine, cysteine, tryptophan, histidine or lysine, and proteins which contain these amino acids. Asparagine is the preferred amino acid and asparagine-containing proteins are the preferred proteins.
Als reduzierende Substanzen kommen für das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren bevorzugt reduzierende Zucker wie beispielsweise Glucose, Fructose, Mannose, Ribose, Galactose, Lactose, Cellobiose oder Maltose in Frage.Reducing sugars such as glucose, fructose, mannose, ribose, galactose, lactose, cellobiose or maltose are preferred as reducing substances for the process according to the invention.
Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren ist ferner dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es zu einer Verminderung der Acrylamidbildung beim Erhitzen von aminogruppenhaltigen Verbindungen auf Temperaturen größer 90°C, bevorzugt auf Temperaturen im Bereich von 120 bis 250°C, besonders bevorzugt im Bereich von 150 bis 200°C kommt.The process according to the invention is further characterized in that it leads to a reduction in the formation of acrylamide when heating compounds containing amino groups to greater temperatures 90 ° C, preferably at temperatures in the range from 120 to 250 ° C, particularly preferably in the range from 150 to 200 ° C.
Eine weitere bevorzugte Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen 5 Verfahrens führt zu einer Verminderung der Acrylamidbildung beim Erhitzen von Lebens- und Tierfuttermitteln, besonders bevorzugt beim Erhitzen von stärkehaltigen Lebensmitteln, ganz besonders bevorzugt beim Backen, Braten, Kochen oder Frittieren von kartof- fel- und getreidehaltigen Lebensmitteln. 10A further preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention leads to a reduction in the formation of acrylamide when heating food and animal feed, particularly preferably when heating starch-containing foods, very particularly preferably when baking, roasting, cooking or deep-frying foods containing potatoes and cereals. 10
Beispiele für kartoffel- und getreidehaltige Lebensmittel sind u.a. Kartoffelchips, Pommes frites, Bratkartoffeln, Kartoffel- rösties, Brot, Knäckebrot, Zwieback, Frühstückscerealien, Biscuits und Cracker.Examples of foods containing potatoes and cereals include Potato chips, French fries, fried potatoes, potato rösties, bread, crispbread, rusks, breakfast cereals, biscuits and crackers.
1515
Mit Hilfe des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens ist es möglich, die Bildung von Acrylamid um 60 bis 99 %, bevorzugt um 75 bis 90 %, verglichen mit Reaktionsprodukten ohne Zusatz von Ascorbinsäure und/oder Vitamin E, zu reduzieren.With the aid of the method according to the invention, it is possible to reduce the formation of acrylamide by 60 to 99%, preferably by 75 to 90%, compared to reaction products without the addition of ascorbic acid and / or vitamin E.
2020
Die Menge an verwendeter Ascorbinsäure und/oder Vitamin E liegt im Bereich von 5 bis 150 mol-%, bezogen auf die Menge der aminogruppenhaltigen Verbindungen.The amount of ascorbic acid and / or vitamin E used is in the range from 5 to 150 mol%, based on the amount of the compounds containing amino groups.
25 Eine besonders bevorzugte Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens betrifft die Verminderung der Acrylamidbildung beim Erhitzen von kartoffel- oder getreidehaltigen Lebensmitteln, die Asparagin oder Asparagin-haltige Proteine enthalten, auf Temperaturen im Bereich von 150 bis 200°C, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dassA particularly preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention relates to the reduction of acrylamide formation when heating potato or grain-containing foods which contain asparagine or asparagine-containing proteins to temperatures in the range from 150 to 200 ° C., characterized in that
30 man den Lebensmitteln vor dem Erhitzen L-Ascorbinsäure oder Natrium-L-ascorbat zusetzt.30 Add L-ascorbic acid or sodium L-ascorbate to the food before heating.
Anhand der folgenden Beispiele soll das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren näher erläutert werden. 35The process according to the invention will be explained in more detail with the aid of the following examples. 35
Beispiel 1example 1
Ein Gemisch aus 1,32 g (10 mmol) Asparagin und 1,98 g (10 mmol) Glucose-Monohydrat wurden in 10 g 0,5 M Phosphatpuffer (pH 5,5) 40 30 Minuten im Autoklaven auf 180°C erhitzt. Das resultierende Gemisch enthielt nach gaschromatographischer Analyse 133 mg Acrylamid/mol Asparagin.A mixture of 1.32 g (10 mmol) of asparagine and 1.98 g (10 mmol) of glucose monohydrate was heated in 10 g of 0.5 M phosphate buffer (pH 5.5) for 40 minutes in an autoclave at 180 ° C. According to gas chromatographic analysis, the resulting mixture contained 133 mg acrylamide / mol asparagine.
45 Beispiel 245 Example 2
Analog zu Beispiel 1 wurden 1,76 g (10 mmol) Ascorbinsäure mit 1,32 g (10 mmol) Asparagin erhitzt. Es entstanden 26 mg Acryl- amid/mol Asparagin.Analogously to Example 1, 1.76 g (10 mmol) of ascorbic acid were heated with 1.32 g (10 mmol) of asparagine. 26 mg of acrylic amide / mol asparagine were formed.
Beispiel 3Example 3
Analog zu Beispiel 1 wurden 1,32 g Asparagin, 1,98 g Glucose- Monohydrat und 1,76 g Ascorbinsäure erhitzt. Es entstanden 31 mg Acrylamid/mol Asparagin..Analogously to Example 1, 1.32 g of asparagine, 1.98 g of glucose monohydrate and 1.76 g of ascorbic acid were heated. 31 mg of acrylamide / mol of asparagine were produced.
Beispiel 4Example 4
Analog zu Beispiel 1 wurden 1,32 g Asparagin, 1,98 g Glucose-Analogously to Example 1, 1.32 g asparagine, 1.98 g glucose
Monohydrat und 0,88 g (5 mmol) Ascorbinsäure erhitzt. Es entstanden 36 mg Acrylamid/mol Asparagin..Monohydrate and 0.88 g (5 mmol) ascorbic acid heated. 36 mg of acrylamide / mol of asparagine resulted.
Beispiel 5Example 5
Verringerung der Acrylamidbildung bei der Herstellung von Bi- scuit-Gebäck mittels AscorbinsäureReduction of acrylamide formation in the production of biscuit pastries using ascorbic acid
a. 85 Teile einer Biscuit-Fertigteigmischung (Greens "Ready to Mix Cookies) mit einem Asparagingehalt von 1,4 mg/g Fertigteig wurden mit 15 Teile Wasser versetzt und geknetet. Anschließend wurde der Teig auf eine Dicke von ca. 0,5 cm ausgerollt und daraus 6 Portionen mit einem Durchmesser von ca. 7 cm ausgestochen.a. 85 parts of a biscuit mixture (greens "ready to mix cookies) with an asparagine content of 1.4 mg / g of mixture were mixed with 15 parts of water and kneaded. The dough was then rolled out to a thickness of about 0.5 cm and cut out 6 portions with a diameter of approx. 7 cm.
b. Analog 5a. wurden weitere 6 Portionen eines zweiten Biscuitteigs hergestellt, die zusätzlich mit 7 mg Ascorbinsäure pro g Fertigteigmischung versetzt wurden.b. Analog 5a. a further 6 portions of a second biscuit dough were prepared, which were additionally mixed with 7 mg of ascorbic acid per g of the finished dough mixture.
Alle 12 Proben wurden 12,5 Minuten bei 190°C gebacken.All 12 samples were baked at 190 ° C for 12.5 minutes.
Nach dem Backprozess wurden die Proben auf ihren Acrylamidgehalt untersucht.. Die in der folgenden Tabelle aufgeführten Werte zeigen deutlich die verringerte Acrylamidbildung beim Backen eines Biscuitteigs, der vor dem Backprozess mit Ascorbinsäure angereichert wurde. After the baking process, the samples were examined for their acrylamide content. The values listed in the following table clearly show the reduced acrylamide formation when baking a biscuit dough which was enriched with ascorbic acid before the baking process.
Beispiel 6Example 6
Verringerung der Acrylamidbildung beim Frittieren von Kartoffelplätzchen mittels AscorbinsäureReduction of acrylamide formation when deep-frying potato cookies with ascorbic acid
22 Teile getrocknete wasserfreie Kartoffel-Flakes mit einem Asparagingehalt von 12,9 mg/g Kartoffel-Flakes (Vico S.A. "Mr. Mash Real Potato Flakes") wurden mit 78 Teilen kochendes Wasser versetzt und kurze Zeit stehengelassen. 3 Portionen des erhaltenen Kartoffelteigs zu jeweils 30 Gramm wurden 6,5 Minuten in Sonnenblumenöl bei 185°C frittiert.22 parts of dried anhydrous potato flakes with an asparagine content of 12.9 mg / g of potato flakes (Vico S.A. "Mr. Mash Real Potato Flakes") were mixed with 78 parts of boiling water and left to stand for a short time. 3 portions of the potato dough obtained, each 30 grams, were fried in sunflower oil at 185 ° C. for 6.5 minutes.
Analog 6a. wurden weitere 3 Portionen eines zweiten Kartoffelteigs hergestellt, der zusätzlich mit 65 mg Ascorbinsäure pro g eingesetzter Kartoffel-Flakes versetzt wurden.Analog 6a. a further 3 portions of a second potato dough were prepared, which were additionally mixed with 65 mg of ascorbic acid per g of potato flakes used.
Nach dem Frittieren wurden sämtliche Proben auf ihren Acrylamid- gehalt untersucht. Die in der folgenden Tabelle aufgeführten Werte zeigen deutlich die verringerte Acrylamidbildung beim Frit- tieren eines Kartoffelteigs, der mit Ascorbinsäure angereichert wurde.After frying, all samples were examined for their acrylamide content. The values listed in the following table clearly show the reduced acrylamide formation when deep-frying a potato batter that has been enriched with ascorbic acid.

Claims

Patentansprüche claims
1. Verfahren zur Verminderung der Acrylamidbildung beim Erhitzen von aminogruppenhaltigen Verbindungen in Gegenwart von reduzierenden Substanzen, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass man die aminogruppenhaltigen Verbindungen vor dem Erhitzen mit Ascorbinsäure und/oder Vitamin E mischt.1. A process for reducing the formation of acrylamide when heating compounds containing amino groups in the presence of reducing substances, characterized in that the compounds containing amino groups are mixed with ascorbic acid and / or vitamin E before heating.
2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Erhitzen der aminogruppenhaltigen Verbindungen in Gegenwart von reduzierenden Zuckern erfolgt.2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the heating of the amino group-containing compounds is carried out in the presence of reducing sugars.
3. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 oder 2 , dadurch gekenn- zeichnet, dass es sich bei den aminogruppenhaltigen Verbindungen um Aminosäuren oder Proteine handelt.3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the compounds containing amino groups are amino acids or proteins.
4. Verfahren nach Anspruch 3 zur Verminderung der Acrylamidbildung beim Erhitzen von Asparagin oder Asparagin-haltigen Pro- teinen.4. The method according to claim 3 for reducing the formation of acrylamide when heating asparagine or asparagine-containing proteins.
5. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4 zur Verminderung der Acrylamidbildung bei Temperaturen größer 90°C.5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4 for reducing the formation of acrylamide at temperatures greater than 90 ° C.
6. Verfahren nach Anspruch 5 bei Temperaturen im Bereich von 120 bis 250°C.6. The method according to claim 5 at temperatures in the range of 120 to 250 ° C.
7. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6 zur Verminderung der Acrylamidbildung beim Erhitzen von Lebens- und Tierfut- termitteln.7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6 for reducing the formation of acrylamide when heating food and animal feed.
8. Verfahren nach Anspruch 7 beim Erhitzen von stärkehaltigen Lebensmitteln.8. The method according to claim 7 when heating starchy foods.
9. Verfahren nach Anspruch 8 zur Verminderung der Acrylamidbildung beim Backen, Braten, Kochen oder Frittieren von kartoffel- und getreidehaltigen Lebensmitteln.9. The method according to claim 8 for reducing the formation of acrylamide when baking, roasting, cooking or deep-frying foods containing potatoes and cereals.
10. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 9, dadurch gekenn- zeichnet, dass die Bildung von Acrylamid um 60 bis 99 % vermindert wird. 10. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the formation of acrylamide is reduced by 60 to 99%.
1. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass man die aminogruppenhaltigen Verbindungen vor dem Erhitzen mit L-Ascorbinsäure oder Natrium-L-ascorbat vermischt. 1. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the compounds containing amino groups are mixed before heating with L-ascorbic acid or sodium L-ascorbate.
EP04726104A 2003-04-11 2004-04-07 Method for the reduction of acrylamide formation during heating of amino group-containing compounds Withdrawn EP1615510A1 (en)

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DE10316998A DE10316998A1 (en) 2003-04-11 2003-04-11 Process for reducing acrylamide formation when heating compounds containing amino groups
PCT/EP2004/003692 WO2004089111A1 (en) 2003-04-11 2004-04-07 Method for the reduction of acrylamide formation during heating of amino group-containing compounds

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