EP1606477A1 - Element structural pneumatique electriquement variable - Google Patents

Element structural pneumatique electriquement variable

Info

Publication number
EP1606477A1
EP1606477A1 EP04709179A EP04709179A EP1606477A1 EP 1606477 A1 EP1606477 A1 EP 1606477A1 EP 04709179 A EP04709179 A EP 04709179A EP 04709179 A EP04709179 A EP 04709179A EP 1606477 A1 EP1606477 A1 EP 1606477A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
component according
pneumatic component
hollow body
pressure
length
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP04709179A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Fritz Fuchs
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Prospective Concepts AG
Original Assignee
Prospective Concepts AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Prospective Concepts AG filed Critical Prospective Concepts AG
Publication of EP1606477A1 publication Critical patent/EP1606477A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
    • E04H15/00—Tents or canopies, in general
    • E04H15/20—Tents or canopies, in general inflatable, e.g. shaped, strengthened or supported by fluid pressure

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to means for changing the operating parameters of a pneumatic component in the form of an elongated airtight hollow body with at least one pressure rod running along the hollow body on the load side and at least two tension bands tensioned in opposite directions around the hollow body.
  • the drawstrings begin or end at node elements which are arranged at the ends of the at least one pressure rod and loop around the hollow body at least once each.
  • Such pneumatic components are known per se, for example from WO 01/73245 (DI).
  • the pneumatic component consists of, for example, a textile-reinforced flexible, gas-tight hollow body.
  • On the outside at least one pressure rod running along a surface line is arranged on the outside so that it cannot buckle.
  • two drawstrings are fastened, which loop around the essentially tubular hollow body in the opposite direction of screwing and cross each other on a surface line of the hollow body, which lies opposite that of the compression rod, over half the length of the hollow body.
  • the places where the compression rod is connected to the tension bands are nodes, into which the contact forces are also introduced. This means that no bending moments are introduced into the pneumatic component except for those that result from the payload - and the weight - of the pneumatic component.
  • the pneumatic component disclosed in Dl has various disadvantages that manifest themselves during operation: the component or a combination of several components is pressurized with compressed air during assembly via one or more valves and then maintains the pressurized amount of compressed air.
  • the three essential operating parameters of the element namely the pressure in the hollow body, the tensile stress in the tensile elements and the compressive stress in the compression rod, are defined by the geometry of the individual parts and by the initially selected operating pressure in the hollow body. With the exception of the pressure in the hollow bodies, as long as it is regulated via valves and pressure lines during the entire operation, the sizes remain unchanged with the unloaded component and cannot be adapted to special operating conditions.
  • the control of the pressure by means of central pressure generation and distribution to the components is complex and expensive.
  • the pressure lines, which must lead to each component can also make it difficult and quick to set up larger structures consisting of the pneumatic components mentioned.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide pneumatic components with tension and compression elements, the operating parameters of which hollow body overpressure and tension and compression element tension can be varied, controlled and regulated in a simple manner either individually or simultaneously.
  • a control device is very advantageous, for example to compensate for pressure changes caused by temperature fluctuations; It enables automatic safety, energy, vibration and shape control of components and turns the pneumatic component into an intelligent, adaptive structure that can be meaningfully adapted to the changing circumstances due to changing operating parameters.
  • Fig. La, b are schematic representations of a pneumatic component according to the prior art in
  • 3a, b are schematic representations of a first embodiment with reduced hollow body pressure in cross and longitudinal section
  • FIG. 5 shows a schematic illustration of an exemplary embodiment of a pressure rod with an integrated piezoelectric stack actuator in longitudinal section
  • FIG. 6 shows a schematic illustration of an exemplary embodiment of a drawstring with an integrated electrostrictive polymer actuator in longitudinal section.
  • Fig. La, b are schematic representations of an embodiment according to the current state of the art (DI).
  • Fig. La shows it in side view and Fig. Lb in an isometric view.
  • the pneumatic component shown consists of an elongated, essentially cylindrical hollow body 1 of length L and pressurized with compressed air and having a longitudinal axis A, which is made of a flexible and airtight material.
  • a pressure rod 2 that can be subjected to axial forces is attached to its upper side. Its ends are designed as nodes 3, to which two tension elements 4 are attached.
  • the axial ends of the hollow body 1 each carry a cap 5; For example, one of these caps 5 is equipped with a valve 6 for ventilating the hollow body.
  • FIG. 2a shows a first embodiment of an electro-thermal fluid-reinforced control device for the internal pressure of the hollow body 1 in cross section, FIG. 2b in longitudinal section.
  • a flexible or elastic gas-tight bladder 12 is attached in the interior of the hollow body 1.
  • This bladder 12 contains a container 9 with a volatile liquid 10 (eg CFC).
  • the liquid 10 is in equilibrium with its gas phase 15. The choice of the liquid 10 depends on the operating temperature at which the component is operated. Your boiling point is advantageous in the range of its operating temperature.
  • the container 9 is by means of an opening
  • An electrical heat pump 13 with reversible heat flow direction e.g. a Peleleele ent, one side of which is in thermal contact with the liquid 10, for example by means of lamellae 24, and the other side of which can absorb heat outside the bladder 12 or give it off there.
  • the liquid 10 can be heated or cooled. If the liquid 10 is heated and evaporated in this way, the phase change of the liquid 10 from liquid to gaseous results in a volume expansion of this substance by several hundred times, which is accompanied by an increase in pressure in a limited volume. When the gas 15 cools below the boiling point, it condenses, which in turn leads to a decrease in pressure and volume.
  • At least one electrical pressure sensor 14 is used to measure the pressure pi, which is normally both in the bladder
  • a second pressure sensor 14 can be attached in the hollow body 1 outside the bladder 12. Many possible designs of such pressure sensors are man known and are therefore not explained in more detail here.
  • a cable 16 leads the current to the heat pump 13 and passes the measurement signals of the at least one pressure sensor 14 to a programmable control and regulating electronics 23, which can keep the pressure pi constant, for example in the event of temperature fluctuations, or change it in some other way.
  • the increase in pressure in the hollow body 1 simultaneously leads to an increase in the tensile stress in the tension elements 4 and to an increase in the compressive stress in the compression rod 2.
  • the construction of the bladder 12 is carried out so and the quantity n of the liquid 10 such that at a maximum temperature T m a x and a maximum volume V max, the bladder 12 to the pressure resulting pima xr which for an ideal gas (nRT max) / V max , withstands, and the gas 15 and the liquid 10 cannot escape.
  • nRT max ideal gas
  • V max maximum volume
  • the bladder 12 In order to prevent the hollow body 1 from bursting, it is provided, for example, with a pressure relief valve 25, or it must be ensured that the hollow body 1 withstands the resulting maximum pressure when the non-cooling heat pump 13 is switched off and the maximum temperature T max .
  • the bladder 12 can be thermally insulated.
  • FIGS. 2a, b show the first exemplary embodiment according to FIGS. 2a, b in a state with an almost completely condensed volatile liquid 10 and essentially empty, collapsed, sagging bladder 12.
  • the pressure p 2 in the hollow body 1 and in the bladder 12 is less than the pressure pi.
  • 3a shows a cross section and FIG. 3b shows a longitudinal section.
  • Similar electrothermal control devices are known, for example, from WO 01/53902 (D2), where the pressure difference resulting from the phase change is used to open and close a valve.
  • 4a, b, c show side views of a second embodiment of an electrically variable pneumatic component tes, in which the length and tension of the tension elements 4 and the compression rod 2 can be changed.
  • 4a shows the second exemplary embodiment of an electrically variable component in the passive state, that is to say that the lengths and tensions of the compression rod 2 and tension elements 4 are not changed electrically.
  • 4b and c show schematically and greatly exaggerated the change in the component when the compression rod 2 is actively extended, in FIG. 4b, and when the tension elements 4 are shortened, in FIG. 4c.
  • EAC electroactive ceramics
  • EAP electroactive polymers
  • EAC lead zirconate titanate
  • PVDF EAP polyvinylidene difluoride
  • the advantage of the above-mentioned electrical actuators compared to electromagnetic actuators is that they have no moving parts and therefore hardly any signs of wear and tear.
  • the material itself deforms.
  • the compression rod 2 and tension elements 4 are provided with sensors in addition to the actuators. These can be resistance or strain gauges or other electrical length or voltage sensors, for example, or intelligent actuators can be used. These consist of material with simultaneous actuator and sensory behavior, which in principle applies to all piezoelectric materials.
  • Pressure changes that are achieved in the hollow body 1 by means of electrothermal fluid-reinforced actuators the variation possibilities in the compression rod 2 and tension elements 4 are smaller.
  • the reaction time for a pressure change in the hollow body 1 is relatively long and the pressure control is accordingly sluggish, while electroactive actuators can act very quickly.
  • the pressure control is used to maintain a constant pressure and thus constant voltage of the component.
  • An adaptation with response times in the range of minutes is sufficient. In this way, pressure fluctuations caused by temperature fluctuations during the day or by sunlight can be compensated for.
  • the electroactive voltage control of the compression rod and tension elements is suitable for vibration damping and in particular also for monitoring the component.
  • damping e.g. Vibrations of the component caused by wind
  • the actuators are operated, for example, in phase opposition to the electrical signal of the sensors.
  • an exact determination of the load condition of the component is possible. Malfunctions or approaching load limits can be registered immediately.
  • the use of piezoelectric linear motors is conceivable and corresponds to the inventive idea.
  • FIG. 5 shows a possible exemplary embodiment of an electrically variable pressure rod 2, which partially consists of a stack actuator 17 made of EAC.
  • the change in length, depending on the The lengthening or shortening of the individual actuator elements 18 add up to the total change in length of the stack actuator 17.
  • Positive and negative voltage is alternately applied to the actuator elements 18, so that alternately opposite electric fields E arise in the axis of the pressure rod 2 in them.
  • the piezoelectric effect leads to the expansion or shortening of the actuator elements 18 in the field and axis directions.
  • a piezoelectric or piezoresistive voltage sensor 19 Also integrated in the pressure rod 2 is, for example, a piezoelectric or piezoresistive voltage sensor 19.
  • a cable 16, containing the power supply and data line connects the sensor and the actuator to the control electronics 23, which monitors, controls or regulates a single or a combination of pneumatic components.
  • Such control electronics are state of the art and are therefore not explained in detail here.
  • FIG. 6 shows a longitudinal section through a possible exemplary embodiment of a tension element 4 with an integrated electrostrictive multilayer actuator.
  • a low stretch carrier layer 20 e.g. an aramid-reinforced tape
  • several electrostrictive polymer layers 21 are applied over part or the entire length of the tension element 4, separated and bordered by electrically conductive conductor layers 22.
  • the conductor layers 22 can be alternately positively and negatively energized and thus produce in the electrostrictive polymer layers in between 21 electric fields E transverse to the tension element 4.
  • the polymer layers 21 expand in the direction of the electric field when voltage is applied.
  • the cross-sectional area of the tension element 4 increases and its length shortens due to the volume maintenance.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Reciprocating Pumps (AREA)
  • Actuator (AREA)

Abstract

La pression interne p1 du corps creux d'un élément structural pneumatique constitué d'un corps creux (1), d'au moins deux éléments de traction (4) et d'au moins une tige de pression (2) peut être modifiée de manière électrothermique et fluidiquement amplifiée. Le corps creux (1) renferme une vessie (12) contenant un gaz (15), et un récipient (9) contenant un liquide volatil (10). Le liquide (10) peut être chauffé ou refroidi à l'aide d'une pompe à chaleur (13). La pompe à chaleur (13) se trouve en contact thermique avec le liquide (10) par l'intermédiaire de lamelles (24). Un capteur de pression (14) mesure la pression dans la vessie (12). Un câble (16) relie le capteur (14) et la pompe à chaleur (13) à un dispositif électronique de commande et de réglage (23).
EP04709179A 2003-03-21 2004-02-09 Element structural pneumatique electriquement variable Withdrawn EP1606477A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH4942003 2003-03-21
CH4942003 2003-03-21
PCT/CH2004/000072 WO2004083570A1 (fr) 2003-03-21 2004-02-09 Element structural pneumatique electriquement variable

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1606477A1 true EP1606477A1 (fr) 2005-12-21

Family

ID=32996997

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP04709179A Withdrawn EP1606477A1 (fr) 2003-03-21 2004-02-09 Element structural pneumatique electriquement variable

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US7293412B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP1606477A1 (fr)
CA (1) CA2518931A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2004083570A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE50213802D1 (de) * 2001-12-21 2009-10-08 Prospective Concepts Ag Druckstab für pneumatische bauelemente
EP1616067A1 (fr) * 2003-04-23 2006-01-18 Prospective Concepts AG Composant pneumatique variable
CA2678232C (fr) * 2008-09-05 2016-03-08 Dynamic Shelters Inc. Methode et dispositif de repartition de la charge sur une poutre pneumatique
CA2678115A1 (fr) * 2008-09-05 2010-03-05 Stanislaw A. Lukasiewicz Poutre pneumatique avec elements raidisseurs, et structure de poutres pneumatiques
US8209911B2 (en) * 2009-08-27 2012-07-03 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Hydrostatically enabled structure element (HESE)
US8245449B2 (en) * 2010-04-23 2012-08-21 Elberto Berdut Teruel Compressed fluid building structures
JP5033273B1 (ja) * 2011-07-21 2012-09-26 達也 遠藤 圧力膜複合構造物
CN103572833B (zh) * 2012-07-19 2016-05-04 深圳市博德维环境技术股份有限公司 气膜建筑的泄压装置
ITUB20153899A1 (it) * 2015-09-25 2017-03-25 Univ Degli Studi Roma La Sapienza Struttura tensairity con funi a memoria di forma.

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4712335A (en) * 1986-12-17 1987-12-15 Barkdull Jr Howard L Method of span construction
EP0494053A1 (fr) * 1990-12-31 1992-07-08 EUROVINIL INDUSTRIES S.p.A. Construction sous forme d'un hangar ou d'une remise à structure porteuse pneumatique
US5735083A (en) * 1995-04-21 1998-04-07 Brown; Glen J. Braided airbeam structure
US5677023A (en) * 1996-10-10 1997-10-14 Brown; Glen J. Reinforced fabric inflatable tube
WO2001053902A1 (fr) 2000-01-21 2001-07-26 Surendra Shah Nouveau dispositif de commande electrothermique
BR0105386B1 (pt) * 2000-03-27 2009-01-13 componente estrutural pneumático.

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO2004083570A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2004083570A1 (fr) 2004-09-30
US7293412B2 (en) 2007-11-13
US20060185358A1 (en) 2006-08-24
CA2518931A1 (fr) 2004-09-30

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