EP1606468B1

EP1606468B1 - Building element, especially for erecting vertical and horizontal structures

Info

Publication number: EP1606468B1
Application number: EP03813513A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Vaclav Vachuska
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2002-12-23
Filing date: 2003-12-10
Publication date: 2011-06-01
Anticipated expiration: 2023-12-10
Also published as: CZ304305B6; ATE511582T1; WO2004057124A1; CZ20024255A3; EP1606468A1; AU2003303214A1

Abstract

The invention involves a building element, especially for erecting horizontal and vertical structures, in the shape of a cuboid, which comprises a basic body (1) with a T-shaped profile, created by dividing a right-angled parallelepiped to the basic body and two supplementary parts, whose shape corresponds with a half of the basic body, divided along its vertical axis. Two T-shaped profiles can be shifted with respect to each other in the structure so that there is space (5) between them for inserting other technological and/or structural elements, and the T-shaped profiles can be arranged in the structure in the shape of a bond in vertical and course joints. The T-shaped profile's external walls can be fitted with surface treatment (6). The building element can be made from concrete, wood, polystyrene, sponge glass, burnt and unburnt clay, stone, ceramics, plaster, anhydrite, resin, metal, pressed sawdust, sand and the like, but can be made virtually of any material.

Description

Technical field

The invention comprises a building element, primarily for erecting vertical and horizontal structures in construction objects.

Background of the invention

Many various types of building elements are known from technical practice These are for instance bricks, various breezeblocks, panels and the like see for example DE 619 982C . An overwhelming majority of these fundamental building elements is in the form of rectangular blocks with various dimensions. During construction, these elements are placed on and/or next to each other; another bonding material is usually necessary, such as mortar, diverse adhesive mixtures, anchors and the like. The current state of the art also includes various shaped building elements, which serve as supplementary building elements, i.e. various shaped blocks, or as formwork elements.
A disadvantage of the current solutions is the need to use a bonding material and, if needed, to insert other structural elements, such as various structure sheeting and reinforcing components, and technological elements, such as various conduits, distribution channels, insulation and the like. It is necessary to carry out difficult technological procedures during the implementation of the building element already or to make holes or casings in the place of application, or it is necessary to cut the necessary grooves, holds and the like directly in the already erected wall and to build supplementary scaffoldings. Another disadvantage of the current solutions is the one-off use capacity of virtually all building elements, which do not allow re-use after physical or moral building obsolescence; they can be only recycled. Another disadvantage of the current solutions is the low flexibility of most of the known building elements, which stems from their spatial arrangement, and the physical and technical dexterity of the personnel, needed for their implementation. Another disadvantage of the current solutions is the limited range of suitable materials that can be used for building elements, especially in terms of quality. Another disadvantage of the current solutions of building elements is that they do not allow making a variable, scalable structure with a constant consumption of building elements and various mechanical and physical properties, such as thermal insulating properties, using a single building element.

Summary of the invention

The above disadvantages are removed to a large extent by a cuboid-shaped building element, primarily for erecting horizontal and vertical structures, according to claim 1. The invention's nature is that the building element is formed by a basic body with a T-shaped profile, created by dividing a right-angled parallelepiped to the basic body and two supplementary parts, whose shape corresponds with a half of the basic body, divided along its vertical axis.
The walls of the T-shaped profile are fitted with locks or with straight-through holes.
Two T-shaped profiles are shifted with respect to each other in the structure so that there is a space for inserting other technological and/or structural elements between them. The T-shaped profiles are arranged in the structure in the shape of a bond in vertical and course joints. The T-shaped profile's external walls have a special surface treatment and its internal walls can be tapered. The basic body is fitted with a protuberance for creating a corner and/or end element and/or the basic body can be fitted with a recess for creating a corner and/or end element. A building element can be made of concrete, wood, polystyrene, sponge glass, burnt and unburnt clay, stone, ceramics, plaster, anhydrite, resin, metal, pressed sawdust, sand and the like, but can be made virtually of any material; the two supplementary parts can be part of this building system.
The structure of the building element, comprising the basic body, with a T-shaped profile allows making a wall that complies with the current requirements; this wall has other advantages as well, such as the possibility to use other technological and/or structural building elements, without the need of destroying the already erected wall or the need to build any additional complicated lining.
If the profile's internal walls are tapered, it is possible to reach a higher joint strength, and the tapered walls can be also used for the installation of other elements. The locks on the walls increase the rigidity and strength of the whole structure, and possibly also allow building without any bonding material or reducing the consumption of the bonding material significantly. The locks can be transverse or longitudinal and can have various shapes so that they are interlocked in diverse positions of individual building elements. If the walls of the building elements are fitted with straight-through holes, they can be used for various distribution lines, such as for water, power and the like, for various structures, insulation or reinforcing elements. The straight-through holes can have various geometrical shapes, for example circular, semicircular, triangular, square, trapezoidal and the like.
The structure of the building elements allows shifting two profiles with respect to each other so that there is room between them for inserting other technological elements, such as various types of insulation and the like. Another advantage is the possibility of elongation or elevation or separation of mutually arranged elements, especially along one of the surfaces, which is common for two elements, in a prepared position so that there is a space between the elements after elongation that can be then used in any other manner, for instance structurally, for thermal insulation, i.e. by inserting structural and/or technological elements. When casting the vertical transmission for instance with concrete to reinforce the structure, the material can be also cast in the space that is created by elongating two shaped blocks. Concrete, cast vertically and horizontally in the structure, is in the place where thermal insulation could be used. In addition, it is possible to use thermal insulation, water and power distribution and other technology.
T-shaped profiles can be arranged in the structure in the shape of a bond in vertical and course joints, which further reinforces the whole structure and saves on the bonding material The T-shaped profile's external walls can have a surface treatment, which increases the possibilities of their use. Surface treatment especially includes the surface treatment of the external surface, application of a plastic pattern or paint and the like.
Corner or end elements can be made from the basic body using a simple modification so that it is possible to realize the building using only building elements under this technical solution. A substantial advantage of this invention is also that the building element can be produced from many various materials, such as concrete, wood, polystyrene and the like, but can be made virtually from any material.
The spatial configuration of the T-shaped basic body and the possibility to distance the elements allows building walls with a variable width using always the same number of basic elements. This enables to build structures, especially wall structures, faster, cheaper and with bigger utilization of the properties of the various materials.

Brief description of drawings

The building element under this technical solution will be described in greater detail on the examples of specific arrangement using the attached drawings; figure 1 shows the basic element in an axonometric view and figure 2 contains an axonometric view of the basic element with locks. Figure 3 shows the basic element with other locks and figure 4 displays the basic element with holes in an axonometric view. Figure 5 is an axonometric view of the assembled elements with a surface treatment of the external surface with elongation. Figure 6 is an axonometric view of the elements assembled for the bond, supplemented with end elements. Figure 7 is an axonometric view of the separation of the basic element.

Detailed description of the preferred embodiments

The building element, primarily for erecting horizontal and vertical structures, has the shape of a cuboid and comprises the basic body 1 with a T-shaped profile, created by dividing a right-angled parallelepiped to the basic body and two L-shaped supplementary parts 2, whose shape corresponds with a half of the basic body 1, divided along its vertical axis. The T-shaped profile's walls are fitted with locks 3 in the shape of grooves and corresponding juts. The T-shaped profile's walls of the basic body 1 are fitted with straight-through holes 4. During the construction process, two T-shaped profiles in the structure are mutually shifted so that there is space 5 between them for inserting other technological and/or structural elements; the T-shaped profiles are arranged in the structure to form the shape of a bond in vertical and course joints. The T-shaped profile's external walls are fitted with surface treatment 6, and the T-shaped profile's internal walls are tapered. The end basic body 1 in the example is fitted with the jut 7 to make a corner and/or end element, and another basic body 1 is fitted with recess 8 to create a supplementary corner and/or end element.
The building element under this technical solution can be made from any material, such as concrete, wood, polystyrene, sponge glass, burnt and unburnt clay, stone, ceramics, plaster, anhydrite, resin, metal, pressed sawdust, sand and the like, but can be made virtually of any material; they can be made virtually from any material, but concrete is used in the given example. Another advantage of this solution is that the two supplementary parts can be part of the given building system.
During construction, two T-shaped profiles are shifted with respect to each other so that they create space 5 between them for inserting other technological elements - for instance thermal insulation - and the profiles in the structure are arranged in the shape of the bond in vertical and course joints. The straight-through holes 4 are cast for instance with concrete, which reinforces the built structure.
The picture shows that the basic body 1, fitted with juts 7, creates a corner and/or end element. As appropriate, this element is supplemented with an additional corner and/or end element, which is created by undercutting a part of the wall of the basic body 1. A simple division of the basic body 1 will result in other parts of the complex building system.

Industry utilisation

The building element in accordance with this invention can be especially used for constructing and reconstructing buildings.

Claims

Building element, especially for erecting vertical and horizontal structures, is characterised by that comprises a basic body (1) with a T-shaped profile and two supplementary parts (2), whose shape corresponds with a half of the basic body (1), whereas the basic body (1) and two supplementary parts (2) created from one cuboid, and axis of the basic body (1) and two supplementary parts (2) is situated in horizontal direction.
Building element under claim 1, is characterised by that basic body (1) with a T-shaped profile and two supplementary parts (2) fitted with locks (3).
Building element under any of the above claims, is characterised by that basic body (1) with a T-shaped profile and two supplementary parts (2) fitted with straight-through holes (4).
Building elements under any of the above claims, is characterised by that the two basic bodies (1) with a T-shaped profile in the structure being mutually shifted so that there is space (5) between them for inserting other technological and/or structural elements.
Building element under any of the above claims, is characterised by that the basic body (1) with a T-shaped profile in the structure being arranged in the shape of the bond in vertical and course joints.
Building element under any of the above claims, is characterised by that the basic body (1) with a T-shaped profile external walls fitted with surface treatment (6).
Building element under any of the above claims, is characterised by that basic body (1) with a T-shaped profile internal, walls being tapered.
Building element under any of the above claims, is characterised by that the basic body (1) being fitted with a jut (7) for creating a corner and/or end element.
Building element under any of the above claims, is characterised by that the basic body (1) being fitted with a recess (8) for creating a supplementary corner and/or end element.
Building element under any of the above claims, is characterised by that production from concrete, wood, polystyrene, sponge glass, burnt and unburnt clay, stone, ceramics, plaster, anhydrite, resin, mental, pressed sawdust, sand and the like, but virtually production from any material.