Classifications

• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61H—PHYSICAL THERAPY APPARATUS, e.g. DEVICES FOR LOCATING OR STIMULATING REFLEX POINTS IN THE BODY; ARTIFICIAL RESPIRATION; MASSAGE; BATHING DEVICES FOR SPECIAL THERAPEUTIC OR HYGIENIC PURPOSES OR SPECIFIC PARTS OF THE BODY
  • A61H9/00—Pneumatic or hydraulic massage
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61G—TRANSPORT, PERSONAL CONVEYANCES, OR ACCOMMODATION SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PATIENTS OR DISABLED PERSONS; OPERATING TABLES OR CHAIRS; CHAIRS FOR DENTISTRY; FUNERAL DEVICES
  • A61G5/00—Chairs or personal conveyances specially adapted for patients or disabled persons, e.g. wheelchairs
  • A61G5/10—Parts, details or accessories
  • A61G5/1043—Cushions specially adapted for wheelchairs
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61G—TRANSPORT, PERSONAL CONVEYANCES, OR ACCOMMODATION SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PATIENTS OR DISABLED PERSONS; OPERATING TABLES OR CHAIRS; CHAIRS FOR DENTISTRY; FUNERAL DEVICES
  • A61G7/00—Beds specially adapted for nursing; Devices for lifting patients or disabled persons
  • A61G7/05—Parts, details or accessories of beds
  • A61G7/057—Arrangements for preventing bed-sores or for supporting patients with burns, e.g. mattresses specially adapted therefor
  • A61G7/05769—Arrangements for preventing bed-sores or for supporting patients with burns, e.g. mattresses specially adapted therefor with inflatable chambers
  • A61G7/05776—Arrangements for preventing bed-sores or for supporting patients with burns, e.g. mattresses specially adapted therefor with inflatable chambers with at least two groups of alternately inflated chambers
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61H—PHYSICAL THERAPY APPARATUS, e.g. DEVICES FOR LOCATING OR STIMULATING REFLEX POINTS IN THE BODY; ARTIFICIAL RESPIRATION; MASSAGE; BATHING DEVICES FOR SPECIAL THERAPEUTIC OR HYGIENIC PURPOSES OR SPECIFIC PARTS OF THE BODY
  • A61H9/00—Pneumatic or hydraulic massage
  • A61H9/0007—Pulsating

Definitions

• a device for relief or palliation of decubitus ulcers A device for relief or palliation of decubitus ulcers
• the invention relates to a device of the kind that serves to prevent and/or treat decubitus on a user of the device by means of pressure impulses in a fluid in the device and that comprises a ticking containing the fluid and a pump for generating the pressure impulses in this.
• Decubitus has been a medical problem for thousands of years and still is a problem to both the patients suffering from decubitus and to the nursing staff.
• Decubitus is typically defined as a degenerative change in biological tissue arisen because of compression or dislocation forces (Schut GL. Diagnosis and treatment of decubitus. I: Harting K ed. Theory. Advanced wound healing resource. Denmark: Nofo print/graphic solutions XIII, 1991: 1-35).
• decubitus is primarily localized to the locations that are subject to pressure and tissue dislocation between bone and support . Besides pressure there are other factors contributing to the development of decubitus. Examples of these are moist skin, reduced resistance to pressure, friction injuries, and bacterium contamination.
• a number of known products try to combine these two principles to a correlation between the material properties of the product and the physical design of the product. It can be reducing the maximum pressure by using cushions of a certain thickness or cushions resembling the anatomically correct shape or giving pressure distribution or stabilization by adjusting e.g. contractions.
• Another commonly used aid is an air mattress filled with water.
• the degree of filling can and must be varied according to the load on the mattress.
• the patients must either turn over by themselves or be turned over by one or more assistants, which partly can be unpleasant to the patient, partly troublesome and hard to the assistant.
• the pressure impulses are generated in deeper-lying layers and through foam rubber or - plastic, whereby the impulses are cushioned substantially before they, in the thereby created weakened state, reach the patient.
• the mattress in the German patent document is arranged to function both with air and fluid. As air and fluid behave differently under pressure, it will thus not be possible to construct a mattress by means of this known technique wherein it is possible to very accurately adjust the pressure and generate very small pressure changes.
• the object of the invention is to provide a device of the kind mentioned in the opening paragraph, wherein the pressure impulse pattern in the fluid can be modulated better and more reliably than hitherto known.
• a second object of the invention is to provide a device that has a simple, inexpensive design without components that could become ineffective and unhygienic upon wear.
• a third object of the invention is to provide a device that has a great relieving and healing effect with little input of energy and that is easy to handle and use.
• the novel and unique feature according to the invention is the fact that the ticking is divided into a number of chambers and that each channel has a pump.
• the device can comprise a computer with a programme to control the pumps independently of each other.
• the operator can adjust the pumps by means of the computer and its programme to work in such a way that the patient is given the best possible care to prevent and/or treat decubitus.
• This computer can furthermore communicate with a receiver which receives signals from the computer.
• signals can e.g. be information about the impulse pattern in the individual device or about deviations in the determined pattern.
• Such a structure can save time for the staff in e.g. a rest home where it can be time-consuming to check the working of many individual devices.
• the server can signal the device about change in impulse pattern and the like.
• the pressure impulses can follow in immediate continuation of each other or at greater or smaller intervals. Furthermore the amplitude of the impulses can change for each pressure change or according to a specific pattern.
• the programme is arranged to control each pump in such a way that the fluid volume in respective channel varies between 2% and 20%, preferably between 5% and 15%, and especially between 8% and 10% of the fluid volume in unpressurized state each time the pump is activated.
• each channel can advantageously be made of two layers of e.g. plastic that are joined along the edges of the channel and can, at one end, be connected to the associate pump via a hose.
• the channels can furthermore be joined in pairs along their longitudinal edges.
• each channel is between 4-15 mm, preferably between 6 and 11 mm, and especially between 8 and 10 when the channel is filled with fluid in unpressurized state, a structure is obtained that in tests has proven optimal by using a very small fluid volume which means that the device becomes easy and simple to handle to a user or possible nursing staff.
• the device can comprise a support of an elastic material for example foam rubber or foamed plastic of an adequate thickness.
• This support contributes to the effect of the fluid-filled thin ticking while the support simultaneously distributes the weight of the patient over a large area.
• the relieving and healing pressure impulses are generated in the thin fluid layer immediately against the patient's skin, a surprisingly good effect is obtained with even relatively weak pressure impulses. This feels pleasant to the patient. Furthermore energy is saved whereby the investment in pumps among other things can be kept within modest limits.
• the device can comprise a chamber which is defined by the ticking and a layer of preferably the same material as the ticking.
• a support of an elastic material e.g. foam rubber or foamed plastic of an adequate thickness for that purpose, can be located in this chamber.
• This support contributes to the effect of the thin ticking, as the pressure impulses are transmitted via the thin fluid layer in the ticking while the support simultaneously distributes the patient's weight over a large area.
• the relieving and healing pressure impulses are generated in the thin fluid layer immediately against the patient's skin, a surprisingly good effect is obtained with even relatively weak pressure impulses. This partly feels pleasant to the patient partly prevents development of the damaging dislocation forces.
• energy is saved whereby the investment in, among other things, pumps can be kept within modest limits.
• the hose of each pump is connected to the respective channel in an area adjoining the chamber so that the joints between the hoses and the ticking is hidden in the chamber where they cannot inconvenience the patient .
• an opening can be made along one of the lateral edges of the chamber, said opening being arranged so that the support can be removed easily and quickly when the device is to be cleaned and then be returned after cleaning.
• the pump can in operation be a reciprocating diaphragm pump driven by an electric motor or electromagnet.
• a pump is inexpensive and can easily be adjusted with great accuracy merely by adjusting the current supply to the motor or electromagnet.
• Fig. 1 is a fractional view of a device according to the invention.
• Fig. 2 is a diagrammatic view of how the device according to the invention is used.
• Fig. 3 shows the changes in volume of each channel according to the invention over time.
• the device is a seating cushion for use in a wheelchair but it could just as well be e.g. a mattress or cushion within the scope of the invention.
• Fig. 1 shows the device according to the invention designated generally by the reference numeral 1.
• the main components of the device are a ticking 2 and a support 3.
• the ticking has here four channels 4 each filled with a fluid 5.
• an area 6 is arranged without channels in the ticking so that the user is not inconvenienced by excess material.
• Each channel is composed of two layers 7', 7'' of e.g. plastic that are joined along the edges 8 of the channel.
• Each channel is connected to an associate pump 10 at one end 9 via a hose 11.
• the ticking is, in the present embodiment, arranged with a chamber 12 arranged to accommodate the support 3.
• the chamber 12 is defined by the ticking 2 and a lower layer 13 of the same material as the ticking.
• an opening 14 is made that is arranged so that the support 3 can be removed easily and quickly when the device is to be cleaned and then be returned after cleaning.
• the support can advantageously be of a viscoelastic material such as foam rubber or plastic foam of an adequate thickness .
• This support 3 contributes to the effect of the fluid-filled thin ticking 2, as the pressure impulses are transmitted via the thin fluid layer 5 in the ticking while the support 3 at the same time distributes the patient's weight over a large area.
• the hose 11 for each pump 10 is connected to the respective channel 4 in an area adjoining the chamber 12 so that the joints 15 between the hoses 11 and the ticking 2 are hidden in the chamber 12 where they cannot inconvenience the patient.
• the pump 10 is a, during operation, reciprocating diaphragm pump 16 driven by an electric motor or electromagnet (not shown) .
• the ticking first has to be filled with a fluid.
• the user can sue a full disposable syringe which is connected to each hose 11 at a first coupling 17 and thereby transfer the fluid to a channel in the ticking.
• the channel is then emptied of excess air. This procedure is repeated for each channel.
• the pump is filled with fluid in the same way via a second coupling 18.
• the pump and the ticking are connected to each other via the two couplings.
• Said two couplings can advantageously be check valves that ensure that the fluid does not run out when the pumps and the channels are full of fluid.
• Fig. 2 diagrammatically shows how the device according to the invention is used.
• An operator can submit input via a control panel 19 to a micro controller 20 which then controls the device.
• This control panel 19 also comprises a display 21 which e.g. displays changes in fluid volume, the frequency of pressure impulses, and the pressure impulse amplitude. Therefore the operator can quickly and easily assess whether the selected parameters are correct just as the parameters quickly can be changed.
• the required change in the fluid volume of each channel 4 is calculated in the micro controller 20 via associated software algorithm.
• This micro controller then signals a first pump 10a arranged to adjust the fluid volume and thereby the pressure in the first channel 4a either by supplying or removing fluid from the channel via the hose 11a.
• the pump can advantageously be arranged as a reciprocating diaphragm pump which ensures a light and inexpensive structure.
• the micro controller can adjust the pressure in the remaining channels 4b, 4c, 4d in a similar way via the pumps 10b, 10c, lOd and the hoses lib, lie, lid.
• each channel 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d As the pressure impulses in each channel 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d are controlled and adjusted separately, an effect is obtained that corresponds to the unconscious reaction to pains occurring in tissue which is compressed for a long period of time which is due to the fact that the pressure on the body is changed concurrently with the changes in the pressure impulses in the channels .
• the system can be static for a period, after which the pressure is adjusted again.
• the device is connected to an energy source which advantageously can be rechargeable battery 21.
• an energy source which advantageously can be rechargeable battery 21.
• the device can advantageously be covered with a layer of comfortable fabric which easily can be taken off and washed but after a long period of use the device itself may need cleaning.
• the support can therefore be removed quickly just as the fluid in the channels can be drained, which enable cleaning of the device itself which often is made of a plastic material exactly for cleaning purposes.
• the support After cleaning the support can be reinserted and the device can be used again.
• the device which has 4 channels each 420 mm long and 11 mm wide is to be used as a cushion for relieving decubitus when staying in a wheelchair.
• Each pump is filled with 400 ml water, and the cushion is connected to the pumps which is a reciprocating diaphragm pump driven by an electric motor or electromagnet.
• the individual strokes of the pumps are 18 mm, 30 mm, 26 mm, and 38 mm, which give a maximum fluid volume displacement in the individual channels of 29,8 ml, 43,0 ml, 49,6 ml, and 62,8 ml respectively.
• Fig. 3 illustrates how this volume displacement varies over time .
• the maximum fluid volume displacement for all four channels varies but this displacement could just as well be the same for one or more channels just as the impulses in one or more channels can be static for a period of time.

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• Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
• General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Public Health (AREA)
• Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
• Nursing (AREA)
• Epidemiology (AREA)
• Pain & Pain Management (AREA)
• Physical Education & Sports Medicine (AREA)
• Rehabilitation Therapy (AREA)
• Invalid Beds And Related Equipment (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Publications (1)

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ID=32116192

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (3)

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Family Cites Families (2)

• 2003
  • 2003-10-20 AU AU2003273772A patent/AU2003273772A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2003-10-20 WO PCT/DK2003/000708 patent/WO2004037148A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 2003-10-20 EP EP03757729A patent/EP1596798A1/de not_active Withdrawn

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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