EP1596122A2 - System for delivering combustible gas for propulsing a ship transporting liquefied gas - Google Patents

System for delivering combustible gas for propulsing a ship transporting liquefied gas Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1596122A2
EP1596122A2 EP05300312A EP05300312A EP1596122A2 EP 1596122 A2 EP1596122 A2 EP 1596122A2 EP 05300312 A EP05300312 A EP 05300312A EP 05300312 A EP05300312 A EP 05300312A EP 1596122 A2 EP1596122 A2 EP 1596122A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
gas
compressor
pressure
installation according
ref
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP05300312A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1596122A3 (en
EP1596122B1 (en
Inventor
Matthieu Lorang
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Alstom SA
Original Assignee
Alstom Transport SA
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Alstom Transport SA filed Critical Alstom Transport SA
Publication of EP1596122A2 publication Critical patent/EP1596122A2/en
Publication of EP1596122A3 publication Critical patent/EP1596122A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1596122B1 publication Critical patent/EP1596122B1/en
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
    • F17C13/02—Special adaptations of indicating, measuring, or monitoring equipment
    • F17C13/025—Special adaptations of indicating, measuring, or monitoring equipment having the pressure as the parameter
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H21/00—Use of propulsion power plant or units on vessels
    • B63H21/38—Apparatus or methods specially adapted for use on marine vessels, for handling power plant or unit liquids, e.g. lubricants, coolants, fuels or the like
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H21/00—Use of propulsion power plant or units on vessels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M21/00—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
    • F17C13/02—Special adaptations of indicating, measuring, or monitoring equipment
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
    • F17C13/02—Special adaptations of indicating, measuring, or monitoring equipment
    • F17C13/026—Special adaptations of indicating, measuring, or monitoring equipment having the temperature as the parameter
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C5/00—Methods or apparatus for filling containers with liquefied, solidified, or compressed gases under pressures
    • F17C5/06—Methods or apparatus for filling containers with liquefied, solidified, or compressed gases under pressures for filling with compressed gases
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C7/00—Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied, solidified, or compressed gases from pressure vessels, not covered by another subclass
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C9/00—Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied or solidified gases from vessels not under pressure
    • F17C9/02—Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied or solidified gases from vessels not under pressure with change of state, e.g. vaporisation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/01—Shape
    • F17C2201/0147—Shape complex
    • F17C2201/0157—Polygonal
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/05—Size
    • F17C2201/052—Size large (>1000 m3)
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/03—Thermal insulations
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
    • F17C2221/03—Mixtures
    • F17C2221/032—Hydrocarbons
    • F17C2221/033—Methane, e.g. natural gas, CNG, LNG, GNL, GNC, PLNG
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2223/0146—Two-phase
    • F17C2223/0153—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL
    • F17C2223/0161—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL cryogenic, e.g. LNG, GNL, PLNG
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/03—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the pressure level
    • F17C2223/033—Small pressure, e.g. for liquefied gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/04—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by other properties of handled fluid before transfer
    • F17C2223/042—Localisation of the removal point
    • F17C2223/043—Localisation of the removal point in the gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/04—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by other properties of handled fluid before transfer
    • F17C2223/042—Localisation of the removal point
    • F17C2223/046—Localisation of the removal point in the liquid
    • F17C2223/047—Localisation of the removal point in the liquid with a dip tube
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2225/00—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2225/01—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2225/0107—Single phase
    • F17C2225/0123—Single phase gaseous, e.g. CNG, GNC
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2225/00—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2225/03—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel characterised by the pressure level
    • F17C2225/035—High pressure, i.e. between 10 and 80 bars
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/01—Propulsion of the fluid
    • F17C2227/0128—Propulsion of the fluid with pumps or compressors
    • F17C2227/0135—Pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/01—Propulsion of the fluid
    • F17C2227/0128—Propulsion of the fluid with pumps or compressors
    • F17C2227/0157—Compressors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/01—Propulsion of the fluid
    • F17C2227/0128—Propulsion of the fluid with pumps or compressors
    • F17C2227/0171—Arrangement
    • F17C2227/0178—Arrangement in the vessel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/01—Propulsion of the fluid
    • F17C2227/0128—Propulsion of the fluid with pumps or compressors
    • F17C2227/0171—Arrangement
    • F17C2227/0185—Arrangement comprising several pumps or compressors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/03—Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/0302—Heat exchange with the fluid by heating
    • F17C2227/0309—Heat exchange with the fluid by heating using another fluid
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2250/00—Accessories; Control means; Indicating, measuring or monitoring of parameters
    • F17C2250/03—Control means
    • F17C2250/032—Control means using computers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2250/00—Accessories; Control means; Indicating, measuring or monitoring of parameters
    • F17C2250/04—Indicating or measuring of parameters as input values
    • F17C2250/0404—Parameters indicated or measured
    • F17C2250/043—Pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2250/00—Accessories; Control means; Indicating, measuring or monitoring of parameters
    • F17C2250/04—Indicating or measuring of parameters as input values
    • F17C2250/0404—Parameters indicated or measured
    • F17C2250/0443—Flow or movement of content
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2265/00—Effects achieved by gas storage or gas handling
    • F17C2265/03—Treating the boil-off
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2265/00—Effects achieved by gas storage or gas handling
    • F17C2265/03—Treating the boil-off
    • F17C2265/031—Treating the boil-off by discharge
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2265/00—Effects achieved by gas storage or gas handling
    • F17C2265/06—Fluid distribution
    • F17C2265/066—Fluid distribution for feeding engines for propulsion
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2270/00—Applications
    • F17C2270/01—Applications for fluid transport or storage
    • F17C2270/0102—Applications for fluid transport or storage on or in the water
    • F17C2270/0105—Ships

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an installation for the supply of gaseous fuel to a set of energy production of a ship of transporting liquefied gas from the contents of at least one vessel of the vessel.
  • the entire energy production includes a steam boiler supplying a turbine driving the propeller.
  • the steam production boiler uses as fuel the gas of the cargo.
  • the methane is in the liquid state and the gaseous phase located above the liquid level is at a pressure of about 1 to 3 bars.
  • the supply of the boiler comes on the one hand, from the gas phase above liquid, sucked directly above the surface by a compressor axial feeding, under the required pressure, the burners of the boiler and other on the other hand, by suction of liquid pumped into the tanks and sent to a evaporator; at the outlet, the gas is expanded to the inlet pressure of approximately 1 bar absolute, of the compressor and sent to this compressor with the gas from directly from the gaseous phase of the vats by natural evaporation.
  • the part from the liquid pumped and put into the gas phase is produced when natural evaporation alone is insufficient to supply the energy requirements of the ship.
  • Patent FR 2 722 760 thus describes such installation supplying gaseous fuel for combustion engines alternators supplying electric motors coupled to the propeller.
  • Patent FR 2 837 783 proposes a provision which makes it possible in particular to reduce the power of the compressor and describes an installation for the supply of gaseous fuel to a set of energy production of a ship of transport of liquefied gas from the contents of a vessel of the vessel.
  • Tank contains liquefied gas and vapor phase gas over a surface of liquid-vapor separation.
  • This arrangement comprises on the one hand a compressor driven by a motor and whose inlet sucks gas vapor in the tank above the liquid surface, the output of the compressor discharging into a power collector of the whole energy production.
  • a pump immersed at the bottom of the tank and connected by a pipe to the inlet of an evaporator, the outlet of the evaporator being connected to the collector.
  • She further comprises a return line of the liquid in the tank, equipped with a valve regulated and connected to the pipe connecting the pump to the evaporator.
  • the compressor is regulated from a setpoint of maintenance of the input pressure of the energy production set, above a certain value. If the gas pressure in the collector drops below the set point, the compressor is controlled to debit more gas in the manifold, until the pressure rises above the set point.
  • the evaporator is also controlled on a maintenance instruction of a certain gas pressure, this pressure being measured here in the tank. If the pressure of gas in the tank goes below the set point, the collector is supplied with gas via the evaporator, which reduces the amount of gas sucked from the tank by the compressor and therefore limits the pressure drop in the tank.
  • This provision further comprises an oxidation device which is regulated from a set point of not exceeding a high pressure in the tank, in order to protect the tank of a possible overpressure allowing the compressor to debit enough in the collector.
  • the regulation of the compressor is carried out by an automaton which acts on the rotation speed of a compressor drive motor as well as on the angle of the inlet vanes of the compressor. It should be noted that this regulation of compressor does not take into account the pressure of the gas in the tank.
  • the present invention proposes a novel regulation arrangement which allows in particular to optimize the regulation of the compressor and thus to ensure a held in the best time.
  • said automated control means are adapted to record a set pressure value as well as a flow rate value of entered by an operator, and said means for processing information provided by said measuring means are able to calculate each relative error for a difference between a pressure or flow measurement and the value corresponding deposit.
  • second automated control means are able to control means for regulating the flow rate of the liquefied gas supplied to said evaporator as well as means for regulating the flow of gas in an evacuation pipe of overpressure which connects said manifold to a gas oxidizer, and said second control means are connected to means for measuring the pressure in the collector and use the information provided by said means of pressure measurement for controlling said flow control means.
  • a cooling device is located on said pipe supply of vapor gas for the compressor, this device for cooling being activated according to the information provided by means temperature measuring device capable of measuring the temperature of the gas in the pipe feeding upstream of the cooling device.
  • said compressor control means comprise louvers adapted to be pivoted gradually between two positions respectively opening and closing.
  • the present invention also relates to a method of regulating a compressor for an installation according to the invention, wherein said means for automated control perform the regulation of the compressor by acting only on the pivoting of said louvers.
  • FIG. 1 it is a question of supplying gaseous fuel with energy production system of a liquefied gas transport vessel a tanker with a tank 1 is figured. Of course, several tanks such that tank 1 can be used together for the feeding of gaseous fuel.
  • Such a set of energy production is referenced 2 and can include diesel engines driving alternators for production of electrical energy for the electrical installations of the ship and its propulsion, but could alternatively feed a conventional set with a steam generating boiler supplying a steam turbine for the drive of the propeller.
  • the tank 1 contains liquefied gas 3 at about -163 ° C. and in the vapor phase in space 4 above the surface 5 of the liquid.
  • the pressure of the tank is close to the atmospheric pressure.
  • the installation includes a compressor 6 whose inlet sucks from space 4 the vapor phase gas and whose exit feeds into a feed manifold 7 of the assembly 2.
  • a pump 8 immersed at the bottom of the tank is connected to the inlet of an evaporator 10 by a liquefied gas supply pipe 9, and the outlet of this evaporator is connected to the collector 7.
  • a return line 11 to the tank 1, equipped with a first valve 12 regulated is derived from a bypass of the pipe 9 while a second valve 13 unregulated is located on the pipe 9 downstream of the pipe connection 11 to the pipe 9.
  • regulated valve is meant an opening valve regulated variable.
  • An overpressure evacuation pipe 14, equipped with a third controlled valve 15 is further connected to the manifold 7 downstream of the connection of the outlet of the evaporator 10 to the collector 7, and leads to an oxidation device 16 gas, sometimes called incinerator or "oxidizer" in English.
  • a cooling device 28, 29, is located on the pipe 33 6. More precisely, the pipe 33 is locally constituted by two branches 33A and 34 equipped with two valves respectively regulated 26 and 27 which are connected to a controller 25, and the cooling device is installed on a first branch 33A.
  • the cooling device 28, 29 is connected to the pipe 9 supply of liquefied gas through a bypass line downstream of the connection of the return line 11 to the line 9, this line 35 being equipped with a regulated valve 32.
  • the compressor 6, driven by a motor not shown, is regulated in operation from a controller 17 receiving a double information: a first information on the pressure of the gas measured in tank 1 or at the entrance of the pipe 33 for supplying gas to the compressor by a pressure gauge 18, and a second information on the flow rate of the gas measured by a flowmeter 19 in driving 33.
  • the controller 17 performs the regulation of the compressor 6 in acting solely on the pivoting of the lamellae, ie without acting on the speed of rotation of the drive motor of the compressor. It is furthermore advantage that these louvers are arranged at the outlet of the compressor, and not at the compressor inlet as realized in the state of the art described by the patent FR 2 837 783.
  • the unregulated valve 13 located at the inlet of the evaporator 10 is controlled at the opening and closing, in all or nothing, by an automaton 20.
  • This controller 20 receives as input information on the measured gas pressure in the manifold 7 by a pressure gauge 21 and controls, in addition to the valve 13, the regulated valve.
  • Another pressure gauge 22 measures the pressure of liquefied gas in the conduct 9 and the information is sent to a third controller 23 which controls the first regulated valve 12.
  • a temperature sensor 24 controls the temperature of the gas upstream of the cooling device in the pipe 33. If necessary, it is possible to reduce this temperature, by injection using an injector 28 in the branch 33A liquid methane from tank 1.
  • the temperature information is sent to the controller 25 which controls in all or nothing the unregulated valves 26 and 27, so that a valve 26 or 27 is open when the other valve is closed.
  • a temperature sensor 30 measures the temperature at the outlet of the cooling device 28, 29, and the information is sent to an automaton 31 for example PID regulator type (Proportional-Integral-Derivative) which controls the regulated valve 32 located on the bypass line 35 of the line 9, for the arrival of the liquefied gas to the injector 28.
  • the gas cooled in outlet of the injector 28 passes into a droplet separator 29 to eliminate the residual droplets of liquid in suspension.
  • the compressor 6 is in continuous operation and thus sucks in permanence of the gas that evaporates in space 4, with a flow rate that is regulated as explained later.
  • the open or closed position of the second valve 13 and the value from 0 to 100% of the valve 15 are determined according to the gas pressure measured by the gauge 21 in the manifold 7.
  • the natural evaporation in the tank is considered insufficient to ensure the energy requirement of the vessel, and the valve 13 is then controlled to be open. This is what happens when the tank 1 is very low or the energy demand is important.
  • the collector 7 is thus supplied with gas via the evaporator, and this has the consequence of maintaining a sufficient pressure in the collector 7.
  • the compressor 6 continuously sucks gas from the space 4 of the tank to discharge it into the manifold 7.
  • the compressor can normally provide a a certain gas flow output to the manifold, and more particularly to ensure a gas flow input into the gas supply line 33 of the compressor which is greater than or equal to a set value.
  • the pressure in the tank is lowered by the regulation of the compressor which reacts by increasing the gas flow, as explained below.
  • This increase in flow can be evacuated either by the energy production unit 2 or by the oxidation device 16, thus avoiding an excessive increase in the pressure in the collector 7.
  • the supply pressure of the evaporator 10 in liquefied gas is controlled by a set pressure P 0 and is adjusted by means of the first valve 12 regulated on the return line 11, valve whose opening of 0 to 100% is controlled by the controller 23, for example of the PID regulator type, as a function of the pressure in the pipe 9 measured by the pressure gauge 22.
  • the valve 12 For a value of this pressure less than or equal to a predetermined value P 4 , the valve 12 remains closed and it opens gradually between P 4 and a predetermined upper value P 5 where it opens completely.
  • the regulation of the compressor 6 is controlled by an instruction orientation of the compressor louvers, that is to say that the compressor receives an instruction in the form of a value between 0 and 100% of the angle maximum opening of the louvers, this value having been selected as the greater among two values of a double set of orientation of the lamellae.
  • Each of these two values is provided by a PID controller from PLC 17 to from the calculation of a relative error between a pressure value or a flow rate of setpoint and the corresponding actual value measured.
  • the PID controller (s) the controller 17 therefore constitute means for processing the information provided by the pressure and flow measuring means respectively 18 and 19 to control the regulation of the compressor.
  • the automaton 17 is able to store in memory a reference pressure value P ref and a reference flow rate value D ref that have been entered by an operator.
  • the reference flow rate D ref corresponds to the minimum flow rate imposed by the operating range of the compressor, and must preferably remain lower than the amount of gas produced at the same time by the natural evaporation in the space 4 of the tank.
  • the regulation is provided so that the flow rate can not fall substantially below the reference D ref , because otherwise there would be a risk of stopping the compressor.
  • the actual gas pressure in the tank 1 is measured by the gauge 18, and this measurement is regularly compared to the reference P ref at the level of a PID controller of the controller 17.
  • the gas flow rate is measured in the pipe 33 at the input of the compressor 6 by the flowmeter 19, and this measurement is regularly compared to the reference D ref at the level of another PID controller of the controller 17.
  • Each PID controller calculates the relative error on the measurement, positive error or negative, defined as the difference between the measured pressure or flow rate and the corresponding setpoint, divided by the width of the measuring range of the corresponding sensor.
  • Each relative error calculated for the pressure and the flow rate respectively corresponds to a first value O 1 and a second value O 2 of setpoint orientation of the plates between 0 and 100%, and the greater of the two values is retained as the instruction orientation of lamellae which is sent to the compressor 6.
  • the pressure set value P ref corresponds to a Y value ref orientation of lamellae setpoint.
  • the reference setpoint value of the louvers which corresponds to the reference flow rate D ref depends on the pressure at the inlet of the compressor, since the flow rate in the compressor varies with the pressure for a given orientation of the louvers.
  • the first value O 1 of the orientation set of the plates increases with the pressure and therefore with the algebraic measurement of the relative error calculated for the pressure.
  • a relative zero error that is to say when the pressure is equal to the reference P ref , corresponds to a setpoint O 1 of orientation of the plates equal to O ref , for example equal to 30%. If the pressure increases, the controller 17 then increases the orientation setpoint O 1 to open more louvers, which has the effect of increasing the flow rate and thus reduce the pressure.
  • the measured pressure then decreases by approaching the reference P ref , and therefore the relative error on the pressure decreases.
  • the controller 17 then decreases the first value O 1 of the orientation setpoint, which also has the effect of reducing the flow rate due to the smaller opening of the louvers. The flow will therefore decrease towards the reference value D ref , while the pressure is reduced to the reference value P ref .
  • the controller 17 sends a pivot control of the lamellae corresponding to a larger opening in order to increase the gas flow and thus gradually lower the pressure in the tank to P ref .
  • the regulation obtained makes it possible to compensate quickly a pressure increase or a decrease in flow compared to setpoints.
  • the cooling device 28, 29, allows, at the level of the gas supply pipe 33 of the compressor 6, to maintain a gas temperature at a regular level T 0 so as to optimize the operation of the compressor 6.
  • the temperature in the upstream portion of the pipe 33 is measured by a sensor 24 and constitutes the temperature return which is compared with a temperature setpoint supplied by the controller 25 to the valves 26 and 27 for opening and closing respectively in all or nothing. .
  • the valve 26 is opened and the valve 27 is closed, and thus the gas passes only into the first bypass 33A through the cooling device 28, 29.
  • valve 27 is open and the valve 26 is closed, the regulated valve 32 being furthermore ordered in complete closure by the controller 25 so as not to create pockets of liquid in the first branch 33A.
  • the cooling device consists of the gas injector 28 liquified from at least one tank 1 and the droplet separator 29.
  • the injector 28 is controlled from the temperature measurement performed at the device output by a sensor 30 which sends the information to the controller 31 for controlling the regulated valve 32.
  • automatons 17, 20, 23, 25 and 31 can be grouped together in a centralized control system on which are routed all the necessary data: pressure in tank 1 and flow in the pipe 33, pressure in line 9, pressure in manifold 7, and temperatures in lines 33 and 35, a centralized system from which commands are sent to the actuators.

Abstract

The installation has an automaton (17) connected to a flowmeter (19) measuring flow of a gas in vapor phase in a supply conduit (33). The automaton is connected to a pressure gauge (18) measuring pressure of the gas in vapor phase in a space (4) of a tank (1). The automaton has a processing unit for processing information provided by the gauge, and the flowmeter controls regulation of a compressor (6). An independent claim is also included for a compressor regulation method.

Description

La présente invention concerne une installation pour la fourniture de combustible gazeux à un ensemble de production énergétique d'un navire de transport de gaz liquéfié à partir du contenu d'au moins une cuve du navire.The present invention relates to an installation for the supply of gaseous fuel to a set of energy production of a ship of transporting liquefied gas from the contents of at least one vessel of the vessel.

Dans les navires méthaniers connus, l'ensemble de production énergétique comprend une chaudière de production de vapeur alimentant une turbine entraínant l'hélice. La chaudière de production de vapeur utilise comme combustible le gaz de la cargaison. Dans les cuves qui sont isolées thermiquement, le méthane est à l'état liquide et la phase gazeuse située au-dessus du niveau liquide est à une pression voisine de 1 à 3 bars.In known LNG tankers, the entire energy production includes a steam boiler supplying a turbine driving the propeller. The steam production boiler uses as fuel the gas of the cargo. In tanks that are isolated thermally, the methane is in the liquid state and the gaseous phase located above the liquid level is at a pressure of about 1 to 3 bars.

L'alimentation de la chaudière provient d'une part, de la phase gazeuse au-dessus du liquide, aspirée directement au-dessus de la surface par un compresseur axial alimentant, sous la pression requise, les brûleurs de la chaudière et d'autre part, par aspiration de liquide pompé dans les cuves et envoyé vers un évaporateur ; en sortie, le gaz est détendu à la pression d'entrée, d'environ 1 bar absolu, du compresseur et envoyé vers ce compresseur avec le gaz provenant directement de la phase gazeuse des cuves par évaporation naturelle.The supply of the boiler comes on the one hand, from the gas phase above liquid, sucked directly above the surface by a compressor axial feeding, under the required pressure, the burners of the boiler and other on the other hand, by suction of liquid pumped into the tanks and sent to a evaporator; at the outlet, the gas is expanded to the inlet pressure of approximately 1 bar absolute, of the compressor and sent to this compressor with the gas from directly from the gaseous phase of the vats by natural evaporation.

La partie provenant du liquide pompé et mise en phase gazeuse est produite lorsque la seule évaporation naturelle est insuffisante pour alimenter les besoins énergétiques du navire.The part from the liquid pumped and put into the gas phase is produced when natural evaporation alone is insufficient to supply the energy requirements of the ship.

Une telle installation peut également être utilisée pour alimenter en combustible gazeux un ensemble de production énergétique autre qu'une chaudière alimentant une turbine. Le brevet FR 2 722 760 décrit ainsi une telle installation alimentant en combustible gazeux des moteurs thermiques entraínant des alternateurs alimentant des moteurs électriques accouplés à l'hélice.Such an installation can also be used to supply gaseous fuel a set of energy production other than boiler supplying a turbine. Patent FR 2 722 760 thus describes such installation supplying gaseous fuel for combustion engines alternators supplying electric motors coupled to the propeller.

Le brevet FR 2 837 783 propose une disposition qui permet notamment de réduire la puissance du compresseur et décrit une installation pour la fourniture de combustible gazeux à un ensemble de production énergétique d'un navire de transport de gaz liquéfié, à partir du contenu d'une cuve du navire. La cuve contient du gaz liquéfié et du gaz en phase vapeur au-dessus d'une surface de séparation liquide-vapeur. Cette disposition comprend d'une part un compresseur entraíné par un moteur et dont l'entrée aspire le gaz en phase vapeur dans la cuve au-dessus de la surface liquide, la sortie du compresseur débitant dans un collecteur d'alimentation de l'ensemble de production énergétique. Elle comprend d'autre part une pompe immergée au fond de la cuve et reliée par une conduite à l'entrée d'un évaporateur, la sortie de l'évaporateur étant reliée au collecteur. Elle comprend de plus une conduite de retour du liquide dans la cuve, équipée d'une vanne régulée et reliée à la conduite reliant la pompe à l'évaporateur.Patent FR 2 837 783 proposes a provision which makes it possible in particular to reduce the power of the compressor and describes an installation for the supply of gaseous fuel to a set of energy production of a ship of transport of liquefied gas from the contents of a vessel of the vessel. Tank contains liquefied gas and vapor phase gas over a surface of liquid-vapor separation. This arrangement comprises on the one hand a compressor driven by a motor and whose inlet sucks gas vapor in the tank above the liquid surface, the output of the compressor discharging into a power collector of the whole energy production. She understands on the other hand a pump immersed at the bottom of the tank and connected by a pipe to the inlet of an evaporator, the outlet of the evaporator being connected to the collector. She further comprises a return line of the liquid in the tank, equipped with a valve regulated and connected to the pipe connecting the pump to the evaporator.

Dans cette disposition, le compresseur est régulé à partir d'une consigne de maintien de la pression en entrée de l'ensemble de production énergétique, au dessus d'une certaine valeur. Si la pression de gaz dans le collecteur descend en dessous de la consigne, le compresseur est commandé pour débiter plus de gaz dans le collecteur, jusqu'à ce que la pression repasse au dessus de la consigne. L'évaporateur est aussi commandé sur une consigne de maintien d'une certaine pression de gaz, cette pression étant ici mesurée dans la cuve. Si la pression de gaz dans la cuve descend en dessous de la consigne, le collecteur est fourni en gaz via l'évaporateur, ce qui réduit la quantité de gaz aspiré de la cuve par le compresseur et limite donc la chute de pression dans la cuve. Cette disposition comprend par ailleurs un dispositif d'oxydation qui est régulé à partir d'une consigne de non dépassement d'une pression haute dans la cuve, afin de protéger la cuve d'une éventuelle surpression en permettant au compresseur de débiter suffisamment dans le collecteur.In this arrangement, the compressor is regulated from a setpoint of maintenance of the input pressure of the energy production set, above a certain value. If the gas pressure in the collector drops below the set point, the compressor is controlled to debit more gas in the manifold, until the pressure rises above the set point. The evaporator is also controlled on a maintenance instruction of a certain gas pressure, this pressure being measured here in the tank. If the pressure of gas in the tank goes below the set point, the collector is supplied with gas via the evaporator, which reduces the amount of gas sucked from the tank by the compressor and therefore limits the pressure drop in the tank. This provision further comprises an oxidation device which is regulated from a set point of not exceeding a high pressure in the tank, in order to protect the tank of a possible overpressure allowing the compressor to debit enough in the collector.

La régulation du compresseur est effectuée par un automate qui agit sur la vitesse de rotation d'un moteur d'entraínement du compresseur ainsi que sur l'angle des aubes d'entrée du compresseur. Il est à noter que cette régulation du compresseur ne prend pas en compte la pression du gaz dans la cuve.The regulation of the compressor is carried out by an automaton which acts on the rotation speed of a compressor drive motor as well as on the angle of the inlet vanes of the compressor. It should be noted that this regulation of compressor does not take into account the pressure of the gas in the tank.

La présente invention propose une disposition nouvelle de régulation qui permet notamment d'optimiser la régulation du compresseur et ainsi d'assurer une tenue dans le temps meilleure.The present invention proposes a novel regulation arrangement which allows in particular to optimize the regulation of the compressor and thus to ensure a held in the best time.

La présente invention a ainsi pour objet une installation pour la fourniture de combustible gazeux à un ensemble de production énergétique d'un navire de transport de gaz liquéfié, à partir du contenu d'au moins une cuve dudit navire, ladite cuve contenant dudit gaz liquéfié et du gaz en phase vapeur dans un espace au-dessus de la phase liquide, et comprenant :

  • un compresseur apte à aspirer du gaz en phase vapeur dans la cuve via une conduite d'alimentation, la sortie du compresseur débitant dans un collecteur d'alimentation dudit ensemble de production énergétique,
  • une pompe agencée pour fournir du gaz liquéfié à l'entrée d'un évaporateur, la sortie de l'évaporateur étant relié au collecteur,
  • des moyens de commande automatisée reliés à des moyens de régulation du compresseur,
caractérisée en ce que lesdits moyens de commande automatisée sont reliés à des moyens de mesure de débit du gaz en phase vapeur dans ladite conduite d'alimentation ainsi qu'à des moyens de mesure de la pression du gaz en phase vapeur dans ledit espace de la cuve et comprennent des moyens de traitement des informations fournies par ces moyens de mesure pour commander la régulation du compresseur.The present invention thus relates to an installation for supplying gaseous fuel to an energy production assembly of a liquefied gas transport vessel, from the contents of at least one vessel of said vessel, said vessel containing said liquefied gas and vapor phase gas in a space above the liquid phase, and comprising:
  • a compressor adapted to suck gas vapor in the tank via a supply line, the output of the compressor discharging into a supply manifold of said energy production assembly,
  • a pump arranged to supply liquefied gas at the inlet of an evaporator, the outlet of the evaporator being connected to the collector,
  • automated control means connected to compressor control means,
characterized in that said automated control means are connected to vapor phase gas flow measurement means in said supply line as well as means for measuring vapor phase gas pressure in said space of the tank and include means for processing the information provided by these measuring means for controlling the regulation of the compressor.

Préférablement, lesdits moyens de commande automatisée sont aptes à enregistrer une valeur de pression de consigne ainsi qu'une valeur de débit de consigne rentrées par un opérateur, et lesdits moyens de traitement des informations fournies par lesdits moyens de mesure sont aptes à calculer chaque erreur relative pour un écart entre une mesure de pression ou de débit et la valeur de consigne correspondante.Preferably, said automated control means are adapted to record a set pressure value as well as a flow rate value of entered by an operator, and said means for processing information provided by said measuring means are able to calculate each relative error for a difference between a pressure or flow measurement and the value corresponding deposit.

Dans un mode de réalisation avantageux de l'installation selon l'invention, des second moyens de commande automatisée sont aptes à commander des moyens de régulation de débit du gaz liquéfié fourni audit évaporateur ainsi que des moyens de régulation de débit de gaz dans une conduite d'évacuation de surpression qui relie ledit collecteur à un dispositif d'oxydation du gaz, et lesdits second moyens de commande sont reliés à des moyens de mesure de la pression dans le collecteur et utilisent les informations fournies par lesdits moyens de mesure de pression pour commander lesdits moyens de régulation de débit.In an advantageous embodiment of the installation according to the invention, second automated control means are able to control means for regulating the flow rate of the liquefied gas supplied to said evaporator as well as means for regulating the flow of gas in an evacuation pipe of overpressure which connects said manifold to a gas oxidizer, and said second control means are connected to means for measuring the pressure in the collector and use the information provided by said means of pressure measurement for controlling said flow control means.

Dans un autre mode de réalisation avantageux de l'installation selon l'invention, un dispositif de refroidissement est situé sur ladite conduite d'alimentation de gaz en phase vapeur pour le compresseur, ce dispositif de refroidissement étant activé en fonction des informations fournies par des moyens de mesure de température aptes à mesurer la température du gaz dans la conduite d'alimentation en amont du dispositif de refroidissement.In another advantageous embodiment of the installation according to the invention, a cooling device is located on said pipe supply of vapor gas for the compressor, this device for cooling being activated according to the information provided by means temperature measuring device capable of measuring the temperature of the gas in the pipe feeding upstream of the cooling device.

Préférablement, lesdits moyens de régulation du compresseur comprennent des ventelles aptes à être pivotées graduellement entre deux positions respectivement d'ouverture et de fermeture.Preferably, said compressor control means comprise louvers adapted to be pivoted gradually between two positions respectively opening and closing.

La présente invention a aussi pour objet un procédé de régulation d'un compresseur pour une installation selon l'invention, dans lequel lesdits moyens de commande automatisée effectuent la régulation du compresseur en agissant uniquement sur le pivotement desdites ventelles. The present invention also relates to a method of regulating a compressor for an installation according to the invention, wherein said means for automated control perform the regulation of the compressor by acting only on the pivoting of said louvers.

On va maintenant donner la description d'un exemple de mise en oeuvre de l'invention en se référant à la figure unique annexée qui représente une installation selon l'invention.We will now give the description of an example of implementation of the invention with reference to the attached single figure which represents a installation according to the invention.

En se référant à la figure 1, il s'agit d'alimenter en combustible gazeux un ensemble de production énergétique d'un navire de transport de gaz liquéfié tel qu'un méthanier dont une cuve 1 est figurée. Bien entendu, plusieurs cuves telles que la cuve 1 peuvent être utilisées conjointement pour l'alimentation en combustible gazeux.Referring to FIG. 1, it is a question of supplying gaseous fuel with energy production system of a liquefied gas transport vessel a tanker with a tank 1 is figured. Of course, several tanks such that tank 1 can be used together for the feeding of gaseous fuel.

Un tel ensemble de production énergétique est référencé 2 et peut comporter des moteurs diesels entraínant des alternateurs pour la production d'énergie électrique pour les installations électriques du navire et sa propulsion, mais pourrait alternativement alimenter un ensemble classique comportant une chaudière de production de vapeur alimentant une turbine à vapeur pour l'entraínement de l'hélice.Such a set of energy production is referenced 2 and can include diesel engines driving alternators for production of electrical energy for the electrical installations of the ship and its propulsion, but could alternatively feed a conventional set with a steam generating boiler supplying a steam turbine for the drive of the propeller.

La cuve 1 contient du gaz liquéfié 3 à environ -163°C et en phase vapeur dans l'espace 4 au-dessus de la surface 5 du liquide. La pression de la cuve est voisine de la pression atmosphérique. L'installation comprend un compresseur 6 dont l'entrée aspire à partir de l'espace 4 le gaz en phase vapeur et dont la sortie débite dans un collecteur 7 d'alimentation de l'ensemble 2. Par ailleurs, une pompe 8, immergée en fond de cuve est reliée à l'entrée d'un évaporateur 10 par une conduite 9 d'alimentation de gaz liquéfié, et la sortie de cet évaporateur est reliée au collecteur 7.The tank 1 contains liquefied gas 3 at about -163 ° C. and in the vapor phase in space 4 above the surface 5 of the liquid. The pressure of the tank is close to the atmospheric pressure. The installation includes a compressor 6 whose inlet sucks from space 4 the vapor phase gas and whose exit feeds into a feed manifold 7 of the assembly 2. In addition, a pump 8, immersed at the bottom of the tank is connected to the inlet of an evaporator 10 by a liquefied gas supply pipe 9, and the outlet of this evaporator is connected to the collector 7.

Une conduite de retour 11 vers la cuve 1, équipée d'une première vanne 12 régulée est issue d'une dérivation de la conduite 9 tandis qu'une deuxième vanne 13 non régulée est située sur la conduite 9 en aval du raccordement de la conduite de retour 11 à la conduite 9. Par vanne régulée, on entend une vanne à ouverture régulée variable.A return line 11 to the tank 1, equipped with a first valve 12 regulated is derived from a bypass of the pipe 9 while a second valve 13 unregulated is located on the pipe 9 downstream of the pipe connection 11 to the pipe 9. By regulated valve is meant an opening valve regulated variable.

Une conduite 14 d'évacuation de surpression, équipée d'une troisième vanne 15 régulée est en outre reliée au collecteur 7 en aval du raccordement de la sortie de l'évaporateur 10 au collecteur 7, et aboutit à un dispositif d'oxydation 16 du gaz, appelé parfois incinérateur ou « oxidizer » en anglais.An overpressure evacuation pipe 14, equipped with a third controlled valve 15 is further connected to the manifold 7 downstream of the connection of the outlet of the evaporator 10 to the collector 7, and leads to an oxidation device 16 gas, sometimes called incinerator or "oxidizer" in English.

Un dispositif de refroidissement 28, 29, est situé sur la conduite 33 d'alimentation en gaz du compresseur 6. Plus précisément, la conduite 33 est localement constituée de deux dérivations 33A et 34 équipées de deux vannes non régulées respectivement 26 et 27 qui sont reliées à un automate 25 de commande, et le dispositif de refroidissement est installé sur une première dérivation 33A.A cooling device 28, 29, is located on the pipe 33 6. More precisely, the pipe 33 is locally constituted by two branches 33A and 34 equipped with two valves respectively regulated 26 and 27 which are connected to a controller 25, and the cooling device is installed on a first branch 33A.

Le dispositif de refroidissement 28, 29, est relié à la conduite 9 d'alimentation de gaz liquéfié par une conduite 35 de dérivation située en aval du raccordement de la conduite de retour 11 à la conduite 9, cette conduite 35 étant équipée d'une vanne 32 régulée.The cooling device 28, 29 is connected to the pipe 9 supply of liquefied gas through a bypass line downstream of the connection of the return line 11 to the line 9, this line 35 being equipped with a regulated valve 32.

Le compresseur 6, entraíné par un moteur non représenté, est régulé en fonctionnement à partir d'un automate 17 recevant une double information : une première information sur la pression du gaz mesurée dans la cuve 1 ou à l'entrée de la conduite 33 d'alimentation en gaz du compresseur par une jauge de pression 18, et une seconde information sur le débit du gaz mesuré par un débitmètre 19 dans la conduite 33.The compressor 6, driven by a motor not shown, is regulated in operation from a controller 17 receiving a double information: a first information on the pressure of the gas measured in tank 1 or at the entrance of the pipe 33 for supplying gas to the compressor by a pressure gauge 18, and a second information on the flow rate of the gas measured by a flowmeter 19 in driving 33.

Préférablement, l'automate 17 effectue la régulation du compresseur 6 en agissant uniquement sur le pivotement des ventelles, c'est à dire sans agir sur la vitesse de rotation du moteur d'entraínement du compresseur. Il est en outre avantageux que ces ventelles soient disposées à la sortie du compresseur, et non à l'entrée du compresseur comme réalisé dans l'état de la technique décrit par le brevet FR 2 837 783.Preferably, the controller 17 performs the regulation of the compressor 6 in acting solely on the pivoting of the lamellae, ie without acting on the speed of rotation of the drive motor of the compressor. It is furthermore advantage that these louvers are arranged at the outlet of the compressor, and not at the compressor inlet as realized in the state of the art described by the patent FR 2 837 783.

La vanne 13 non régulée située à l'entrée de l'évaporateur 10 est commandée à l'ouverture et à la fermeture, en tout ou rien, par un automate 20. Cet automate 20 reçoit en entrée une information sur la pression de gaz mesurée dans le collecteur 7 par une jauge de pression 21 et commande, outre la vanne 13, la vanne 15 régulée.The unregulated valve 13 located at the inlet of the evaporator 10 is controlled at the opening and closing, in all or nothing, by an automaton 20. This controller 20 receives as input information on the measured gas pressure in the manifold 7 by a pressure gauge 21 and controls, in addition to the valve 13, the regulated valve.

Une autre jauge de pression 22 mesure la pression de gaz liquéfié dans la conduite 9 et l'information est envoyée vers un troisième automate 23 qui commande la première vanne 12 régulée.Another pressure gauge 22 measures the pressure of liquefied gas in the conduct 9 and the information is sent to a third controller 23 which controls the first regulated valve 12.

Enfin, dans le but d'améliorer le fonctionnement du compresseur 6, on contrôle par un capteur de température 24 la température du gaz en amont du dispositif de refroidissement dans la conduite 33. Si nécessaire, on peut diminuer cette température, par injection à l'aide d'un injecteur 28 dans la dérivation 33A de méthane liquide issu de la cuve 1. L'information de température est envoyée vers l'automate 25 qui commande en tout ou rien les vannes non régulées 26 et 27, de façon à ce qu'une vanne 26 ou 27 soit ouverte lorsque l'autre vanne est fermée. Un capteur de température 30 mesure la température en sortie du dispositif de refroidissement 28, 29, et l'information est envoyée vers un automate 31 par exemple de type régulateur PID (Proportionnelle-Intégrale-Dérivée) qui commande la vanne 32 régulée située sur la conduite 35 de dérivation de la conduite 9, pour l'arrivée du gaz liquéfié jusqu'à l'injecteur 28. Le gaz refroidi en sortie de l'injecteur 28 passe dans un séparateur de gouttelettes 29 afin d'éliminer les gouttelettes résiduelles de liquide en suspension.Finally, in order to improve the operation of the compressor 6, control by a temperature sensor 24 the temperature of the gas upstream of the cooling device in the pipe 33. If necessary, it is possible to reduce this temperature, by injection using an injector 28 in the branch 33A liquid methane from tank 1. The temperature information is sent to the controller 25 which controls in all or nothing the unregulated valves 26 and 27, so that a valve 26 or 27 is open when the other valve is closed. A temperature sensor 30 measures the temperature at the outlet of the cooling device 28, 29, and the information is sent to an automaton 31 for example PID regulator type (Proportional-Integral-Derivative) which controls the regulated valve 32 located on the bypass line 35 of the line 9, for the arrival of the liquefied gas to the injector 28. The gas cooled in outlet of the injector 28 passes into a droplet separator 29 to eliminate the residual droplets of liquid in suspension.

Le fonctionnement de l'installation décrite est le suivant:The operation of the described installation is as follows:

Le compresseur 6 est en fonctionnement continu et aspire donc en permanence du gaz qui s'évapore dans l'espace 4, avec un débit qui est régulé comme expliqué plus loin.The compressor 6 is in continuous operation and thus sucks in permanence of the gas that evaporates in space 4, with a flow rate that is regulated as explained later.

Selon les conditions d'échange thermique entre l'extérieur et l'intérieur de la cuve, et la quantité du niveau liquide dans la cuve, la pression à l'intérieur de la cuve varie quelque peu et la régulation est faite de la façon suivante:According to the conditions of heat exchange between the outside and the inside of the tank, and the amount of the liquid level in the tank, the pressure inside the tank varies somewhat and regulation is done in the following way:

La position ouverte ou fermée de la deuxième vanne 13 et la valeur d'ouverture de 0 à 100 % de la vanne 15 sont déterminées en fonction de la pression de gaz mesurée par la jauge 21 dans le collecteur 7.The open or closed position of the second valve 13 and the value from 0 to 100% of the valve 15 are determined according to the gas pressure measured by the gauge 21 in the manifold 7.

Au-dessous d'un seuil bas correspondant à une pression P1 prédéterminée, l'évaporation naturelle dans la cuve est estimée insuffisante pour assurer le besoin énergétique du navire, et la vanne 13 est alors commandée pour être ouverte. C'est ce qui se produit lorsque la cuve 1 est très peu remplie ou que la demande en énergie est importante. On fournit ainsi en gaz le collecteur 7 via l'évaporateur, et ceci a pour conséquence de maintenir une pression suffisante dans le collecteur 7.Below a low threshold corresponding to a predetermined pressure P 1 , the natural evaporation in the tank is considered insufficient to ensure the energy requirement of the vessel, and the valve 13 is then controlled to be open. This is what happens when the tank 1 is very low or the energy demand is important. The collector 7 is thus supplied with gas via the evaporator, and this has the consequence of maintaining a sufficient pressure in the collector 7.

Lorsque la cuve 1 est remplie, et selon les conditions d'échange thermique avec l'extérieur, deux cas peuvent se présenter. Dans un premier cas, la production de gaz provenant de l'espace 4 par évaporation naturelle est suffisante mais non excessive, et alors seul le compresseur 6 est en fonctionnement, la vanne 13 étant fermée. C'est ce qui se passe dès que la pression dans le collecteur 7 atteint et dépasse le seuil bas de pression P1 tout en restant inférieure à un seuil haut de pression P2. Dans un second cas, la pression atteint une valeur supérieure au seuil haut P2 et la production d'évaporation naturelle est trop importante. Il est alors nécessaire d'évacuer l'excès de gaz non consommé par l'ensemble de production énergétique 2, et pour ceci la vanne 15 est commandée en ouverture progressive afin de maintenir dans le collecteur 7 une pression sensiblement au niveau du seuil haut P2. Tout ceci est commandé par l'automate 20, par exemple de type régulateur PID, en fonction de la pression dans le collecteur 7 mesurée par la jauge 21. La vanne 15 alimente par la conduite 14 le dispositif d'oxydation 16 du gaz.When the tank 1 is filled, and according to the conditions of heat exchange with the outside, two cases may occur. In a first case, the production of gas from the space 4 by natural evaporation is sufficient but not excessive, and then only the compressor 6 is in operation, the valve 13 being closed. This happens as soon as the pressure in the manifold 7 reaches and exceeds the low pressure threshold P 1 while remaining below a high pressure threshold P 2 . In a second case, the pressure reaches a value higher than the high threshold P 2 and the production of natural evaporation is too important. It is then necessary to evacuate the excess gas not consumed by the energy production unit 2, and for this the valve 15 is controlled in progressive opening to maintain in the manifold 7 a pressure substantially at the high threshold P 2 . All this is controlled by the controller 20, for example of the PID regulator type, as a function of the pressure in the manifold 7 measured by the gauge 21. The valve 15 supplies the pipe 14 with the oxidation device 16 of the gas.

D'autre part, le compresseur 6 aspire continûment du gaz depuis l'espace 4 de la cuve pour le débiter dans le collecteur 7. Dès lors que la pression dans le collecteur reste inférieure au seuil haut P2, le compresseur peut normalement assurer un certain débit de gaz en sortie vers le collecteur, et plus particulièrement assurer un débit de gaz en entrée dans la conduite 33 d'alimentation en gaz du compresseur qui soit supérieur ou égal à une valeur de consigne. Ainsi, dans le cas d'une pression de gaz supérieure à une consigne prédéterminée dans la cuve 1, la pression dans la cuve est abaissée grâce à la régulation du compresseur qui réagit en augmentant le débit de gaz, comme expliqué plus loin. Cette augmentation de débit peut être évacuée soit par l'ensemble de production d'énergétique 2 soit par le dispositif d'oxydation 16, évitant ainsi une trop forte augmentation de la pression dans le collecteur 7.On the other hand, the compressor 6 continuously sucks gas from the space 4 of the tank to discharge it into the manifold 7. As soon as the pressure in the manifold remains below the high threshold P 2 , the compressor can normally provide a a certain gas flow output to the manifold, and more particularly to ensure a gas flow input into the gas supply line 33 of the compressor which is greater than or equal to a set value. Thus, in the case of a gas pressure higher than a predetermined set point in the tank 1, the pressure in the tank is lowered by the regulation of the compressor which reacts by increasing the gas flow, as explained below. This increase in flow can be evacuated either by the energy production unit 2 or by the oxidation device 16, thus avoiding an excessive increase in the pressure in the collector 7.

Parallèlement à cela, la pression d'alimentation de l'évaporateur 10 en gaz liquéfié est asservie à une pression de consigne P0 et est réglée au moyen de la première vanne 12 régulée sur la conduite de retour 11, vanne dont l'ouverture de 0 à 100% est commandée par l'automate 23, par exemple de type régulateur PID, en fonction de la pression dans la conduite 9 mesurée par la jauge de pression 22. Pour une valeur de cette pression inférieure ou égale à une valeur prédéterminée P4, la vanne 12 reste fermée et elle s'ouvre progressivement entre P4 et une valeur supérieure prédéterminée P5 où elle s'ouvre complètement.In parallel with this, the supply pressure of the evaporator 10 in liquefied gas is controlled by a set pressure P 0 and is adjusted by means of the first valve 12 regulated on the return line 11, valve whose opening of 0 to 100% is controlled by the controller 23, for example of the PID regulator type, as a function of the pressure in the pipe 9 measured by the pressure gauge 22. For a value of this pressure less than or equal to a predetermined value P 4 , the valve 12 remains closed and it opens gradually between P 4 and a predetermined upper value P 5 where it opens completely.

La régulation du compresseur 6 est commandée par une instruction d'orientation des ventelles du compresseur, c'est à dire que le compresseur reçoit une instruction sous la forme d'une valeur comprise entre 0 et 100% de l'angle d'ouverture maximale des ventelles, cette valeur ayant été sélectionnée comme la plus grande parmi deux valeurs d'une double consigne d'orientation des ventelles. Chacune de ces deux valeurs est fournie par un régulateur PID de l'automate 17 à partir du calcul d'une erreur relative entre une valeur de pression ou de débit de consigne et la valeur réelle correspondante mesurée. Le ou les régulateurs PID de l'automate 17 constituent donc des moyens de traitement des informations fournies par les moyens de mesure de pression et de débit respectivement 18 et 19 pour commander la régulation du compresseur.The regulation of the compressor 6 is controlled by an instruction orientation of the compressor louvers, that is to say that the compressor receives an instruction in the form of a value between 0 and 100% of the angle maximum opening of the louvers, this value having been selected as the greater among two values of a double set of orientation of the lamellae. Each of these two values is provided by a PID controller from PLC 17 to from the calculation of a relative error between a pressure value or a flow rate of setpoint and the corresponding actual value measured. The PID controller (s) the controller 17 therefore constitute means for processing the information provided by the pressure and flow measuring means respectively 18 and 19 to control the regulation of the compressor.

Pour le calcul d'une erreur relative, l'automate 17 est apte à enregistrer en mémoire une valeur de pression de consigne Préf et une valeur de débit de consigne Dréf qui ont été rentrées par un opérateur. Le débit de consigne Dréf correspond au débit minimum imposé par la plage de fonctionnement du compresseur, et doit préférablement rester inférieur à la quantité de gaz produite dans le même temps par l'évaporation naturelle dans l'espace 4 de la cuve. La régulation est prévue pour que le débit ne puisse pas descendre sensiblement en dessous de la consigne Dréf, car autrement il y aurait un risque d'arrêt du compresseur.For the calculation of a relative error, the automaton 17 is able to store in memory a reference pressure value P ref and a reference flow rate value D ref that have been entered by an operator. The reference flow rate D ref corresponds to the minimum flow rate imposed by the operating range of the compressor, and must preferably remain lower than the amount of gas produced at the same time by the natural evaporation in the space 4 of the tank. The regulation is provided so that the flow rate can not fall substantially below the reference D ref , because otherwise there would be a risk of stopping the compressor.

La pression réelle de gaz dans la cuve 1 est mesurée par la jauge 18, et cette mesure est régulièrement comparée à la consigne Préf au niveau d'un régulateur PID de l'automate 17. Le débit de gaz est mesuré dans la conduite 33 en entrée du compresseur 6 par le débitmètre 19, et cette mesure est régulièrement comparée à la consigne Dréf au niveau d'un autre régulateur PID de l'automate 17. Chaque régulateur PID calcule l'erreur relative sur la mesure, erreur positive ou négative, définie comme la différence entre la valeur de pression ou de débit mesurée et la valeur de consigne correspondante, divisée par la largeur de la plage de mesure du capteur correspondant.The actual gas pressure in the tank 1 is measured by the gauge 18, and this measurement is regularly compared to the reference P ref at the level of a PID controller of the controller 17. The gas flow rate is measured in the pipe 33 at the input of the compressor 6 by the flowmeter 19, and this measurement is regularly compared to the reference D ref at the level of another PID controller of the controller 17. Each PID controller calculates the relative error on the measurement, positive error or negative, defined as the difference between the measured pressure or flow rate and the corresponding setpoint, divided by the width of the measuring range of the corresponding sensor.

A chaque erreur relative calculée pour la pression et le débit correspond respectivement une première valeur O1 et une seconde valeur O2 de consigne d'orientation des ventelles entre 0 et 100%, et la plus grande des deux valeurs est retenue comme l'instruction d'orientation des ventelles qui est envoyée au compresseur 6. La valeur de pression de consigne Préf correspond à une valeur Oréf de consigne d'orientation des ventelles. Par ailleurs, la valeur de consigne d'orientation des ventelles qui correspond au débit de consigne Dréf dépend de la pression à l'entrée du compresseur, puisque le débit dans le compresseur varie avec la pression pour une orientation donnée des ventelles.Each relative error calculated for the pressure and the flow rate respectively corresponds to a first value O 1 and a second value O 2 of setpoint orientation of the plates between 0 and 100%, and the greater of the two values is retained as the instruction orientation of lamellae which is sent to the compressor 6. The pressure set value P ref corresponds to a Y value ref orientation of lamellae setpoint. Moreover, the reference setpoint value of the louvers which corresponds to the reference flow rate D ref depends on the pressure at the inlet of the compressor, since the flow rate in the compressor varies with the pressure for a given orientation of the louvers.

La première valeur O1 de consigne d'orientation des ventelles croít avec la pression et donc avec la mesure algébrique de l'erreur relative calculée pour la pression. Une erreur relative nulle, c'est à dire lorsque la pression est égale à la consigne Préf, correspond à une consigne O1 d'orientation des ventelles égale à Oréf, par exemple égale à 30%. Si la pression croít, l'automate 17 augmente alors la consigne d'orientation O1 pour ouvrir plus les ventelles, ce qui a pour effet d'augmenter le débit et de diminuer ainsi la pression.The first value O 1 of the orientation set of the plates increases with the pressure and therefore with the algebraic measurement of the relative error calculated for the pressure. A relative zero error, that is to say when the pressure is equal to the reference P ref , corresponds to a setpoint O 1 of orientation of the plates equal to O ref , for example equal to 30%. If the pressure increases, the controller 17 then increases the orientation setpoint O 1 to open more louvers, which has the effect of increasing the flow rate and thus reduce the pressure.

La pression mesurée diminue ensuite en se rapprochant de la consigne Préf, et donc l'erreur relative sur la pression décroít. L'automate 17 diminue alors la première valeur O1 de la consigne d'orientation, ce qui a aussi pour effet de diminuer le débit du fait de l'ouverture moins grande des ventelles. Le débit va donc décroítre vers la valeur de consigne Dréf, tandis que la pression est ramenée à la valeur de consigne Préf.The measured pressure then decreases by approaching the reference P ref , and therefore the relative error on the pressure decreases. The controller 17 then decreases the first value O 1 of the orientation setpoint, which also has the effect of reducing the flow rate due to the smaller opening of the louvers. The flow will therefore decrease towards the reference value D ref , while the pressure is reduced to the reference value P ref .

Si par exemple après le remplissage de la cuve, à un instant donné, la pression de gaz mesurée par la jauge 18 dans la cuve devient rapidement supérieure à la consigne Préf tandis que le débit de gaz mesuré par le débitmètre 19 en entrée du compresseur augmente relativement peu par rapport à la consigne Dréf, c'est alors la première O1 des deux valeurs de consigne d'orientation des ventelles qui est la plus grande et est donc sélectionnée comme instruction à envoyer au compresseur 6. L'automate 17 envoie dans ce cas une commande de pivotement des ventelles correspondant à une ouverture plus importante afin d'augmenter le débit de gaz et d'abaisser ainsi progressivement la pression dans la cuve jusqu'à Préf.If, for example, after filling the tank, at a given moment, the gas pressure measured by the gauge 18 in the tank rapidly becomes higher than the reference P ref while the flow rate of gas measured by the flow meter 19 at the inlet of the compressor increases relatively relatively to the reference D ref , it is then the first O 1 of the two set values of orientation of the lamellae which is the largest and is therefore selected as instruction to send to the compressor 6. The controller 17 in this case, sends a pivot control of the lamellae corresponding to a larger opening in order to increase the gas flow and thus gradually lower the pressure in the tank to P ref .

De manière générale, la régulation obtenue permet de compenser rapidement une augmentation de pression ou une baisse de débit par rapport aux valeurs de consigne.In general, the regulation obtained makes it possible to compensate quickly a pressure increase or a decrease in flow compared to setpoints.

Par ailleurs, le dispositif de refroidissement 28, 29, permet, au niveau de la conduite 33 d'alimentation en gaz du compresseur 6, de maintenir une température du gaz à un niveau régulier T0 de manière à optimiser le fonctionnement du compresseur 6. La température dans la partie amont de la conduite 33 est mesurée par un capteur 24 et constitue le retour de température qui est comparé à une consigne de température fournie par l'automate 25 aux vannes 26 et 27 pour ouverture et fermeture respective en tout ou rien. Quand la température mesurée est supérieure à la consigne, la vanne 26 est ouverte et la vanne 27 est fermée, et ainsi le gaz passe uniquement dans la première dérivation 33A à travers le dispositif de refroidissement 28, 29.Furthermore, the cooling device 28, 29, allows, at the level of the gas supply pipe 33 of the compressor 6, to maintain a gas temperature at a regular level T 0 so as to optimize the operation of the compressor 6. The temperature in the upstream portion of the pipe 33 is measured by a sensor 24 and constitutes the temperature return which is compared with a temperature setpoint supplied by the controller 25 to the valves 26 and 27 for opening and closing respectively in all or nothing. . When the measured temperature is higher than the set point, the valve 26 is opened and the valve 27 is closed, and thus the gas passes only into the first bypass 33A through the cooling device 28, 29.

Inversement, quand la température mesurée est inférieure à la consigne, la vanne 27 est ouverte et la vanne 26 est fermée, la vanne 32 régulée étant en outre commandée en fermeture complète par l'automate 25 afin de ne pas créer de poches de liquide dans la première dérivation 33A.Conversely, when the measured temperature is below the setpoint, the valve 27 is open and the valve 26 is closed, the regulated valve 32 being furthermore ordered in complete closure by the controller 25 so as not to create pockets of liquid in the first branch 33A.

Le dispositif de refroidissement est constitué de l'injecteur 28 de gaz liquéfié issu d'au moins une cuve 1 et du séparateur de gouttelettes 29. L'injecteur 28 est régulé à partir de la mesure de température effectuée en sortie du dispositif de refroidissement par un capteur 30 qui envoie l'information à l'automate 31 pour la commande de la vanne 32 régulée . The cooling device consists of the gas injector 28 liquified from at least one tank 1 and the droplet separator 29. The injector 28 is controlled from the temperature measurement performed at the device output by a sensor 30 which sends the information to the controller 31 for controlling the regulated valve 32.

Bien entendu, les automates 17, 20, 23, 25 et 31 peuvent être regroupés dans un système de contrôle-commande centralisé sur lequel sont acheminées toutes les données nécessaires: pression dans la cuve 1 et débit dans la conduite 33, pression dans la conduite 9, pression dans le collecteur 7, et les températures dans les conduites 33 et 35, système centralisé à partir duquel les ordres de commandes sont envoyés vers les actionneurs.Of course, the automatons 17, 20, 23, 25 and 31 can be grouped together in a centralized control system on which are routed all the necessary data: pressure in tank 1 and flow in the pipe 33, pressure in line 9, pressure in manifold 7, and temperatures in lines 33 and 35, a centralized system from which commands are sent to the actuators.

Claims (11)

Installation pour la fourniture de combustible gazeux à un ensemble (2) de production énergétique d'un navire de transport de gaz liquéfié, à partir du contenu d'au moins une cuve (1) dudit navire, ladite cuve (1) contenant dudit gaz liquéfié (3) et du gaz en phase vapeur dans un espace (4) au-dessus de la phase liquide, et comprenant : un compresseur (6) apte à aspirer dudit gaz en phase vapeur dans ladite cuve (1) via une conduite d'alimentation (33) , la sortie du compresseur (6) débitant dans un collecteur (7) d'alimentation dudit ensemble (2) de production énergétique, une pompe (8) agencée pour fournir dudit gaz liquéfié à l'entrée d'un évaporateur (10), la sortie de l'évaporateur (10) étant relié audit collecteur (7), des moyens de commande automatisée (17) reliés à des moyens de régulation dudit compresseur (6), caractérisée en ce que lesdits moyens de commande automatisée (17) sont reliés à des moyens de mesure (19) de débit dudit gaz en phase vapeur dans ladite conduite d'alimentation (33) ainsi qu'à des moyens de mesure (18) de la pression dudit gaz en phase vapeur dans ledit espace (4) de la cuve (1) et comprennent des moyens de traitement des informations fournies par lesdits moyens de mesure (18, 19) pour commander la régulation dudit compresseur (6).Installation for supplying gaseous fuel to an assembly (2) for producing energy from a liquefied gas transport vessel, from the contents of at least one vessel (1) of said vessel, said vessel (1) containing said gas liquefied (3) and vapor phase gas in a space (4) above the liquid phase, and comprising: a compressor (6) adapted to suck up said gas vapor in said tank (1) via a supply line (33), the outlet of the compressor (6) discharging into a manifold (7) supplying said assembly (2 ) energy production, a pump (8) arranged to supply said liquefied gas at the inlet of an evaporator (10), the outlet of the evaporator (10) being connected to said manifold (7), automated control means (17) connected to regulating means of said compressor (6), characterized in that said automated control means (17) are connected to means (19) for measuring the flow rate of said gas in the vapor phase in said supply line (33) as well as measuring means (18) for the pressure of said gas in the vapor phase in said space (4) of the tank (1) and comprise data processing means provided by said measuring means (18, 19) for controlling the regulation of said compressor (6). Installation selon la revendication 1, dans laquelle lesdits moyens de commande automatisée (17) sont aptes à enregistrer une valeur de pression de consigne (Préf) ainsi qu'une valeur de débit de consigne (Dréf) rentrées par un opérateur, et dans laquelle lesdits moyens de traitement des informations fournies par lesdits moyens de mesure (18, 19) sont aptes à calculer chaque erreur relative pour un écart entre une mesure de pression ou de débit et la valeur de consigne (Préf , Dréf) correspondante.Installation according to claim 1, wherein said automated control means (17) are able to record a set pressure value (P ref ) and a set flow rate value (D ref ) entered by an operator, and in wherein said information processing means provided by said measuring means (18, 19) is adapted to calculate each relative error for a difference between a pressure or flow measurement and the corresponding reference value (P ref , D ref ). Installation selon la revendication 1 ou 2, dans laquelle des second moyens de commande automatisée (20) sont aptes à commander des moyens de régulation (13) de débit dudit gaz liquéfié fourni audit évaporateur (10) ainsi que des moyens de régulation (15) de débit de gaz dans une conduite (14) d'évacuation de surpression qui relie ledit collecteur (7) à un dispositif d'oxydation (16) du gaz, et dans laquelle lesdits second moyens de commande (20) sont reliés à des moyens de mesure (21) de la pression dans ledit collecteur (7) et utilisent les informations fournies par lesdits moyens de mesure (21) de pression pour commander lesdits moyens de régulation (13, 15) de débit.Installation according to claim 1 or 2, in which second automated control means (20) are adapted to control means of regulating (13) the flow rate of said liquefied gas supplied to said evaporator (10) as well as gas flow regulating means (15) in a pipe (14) pressure relief device which connects said collector (7) to a device for oxidation (16) of the gas, and wherein said second control means (20) are connected to means (21) for measuring the pressure in said collector (7) and use the information provided by said measuring means (21) to pressure for controlling said flow control means (13, 15). Installation selon l'une des revendications précédentes, dans laquelle un dispositif de refroidissement (28, 29) est situé sur ladite conduite d'alimentation (33) de gaz en phase vapeur pour le compresseur (6), ledit dispositif de refroidissement étant activé en fonction des informations fournies par des moyens de mesure (24) de température aptes à mesurer la température du gaz dans ladite conduite d'alimentation (33) en amont dudit dispositif de refroidissement.Installation according to one of the preceding claims, wherein a cooling device (28, 29) is located on said pipe supply (33) of vapor phase gas for the compressor (6), said cooling device being activated according to the information provided by temperature measuring means (24) able to measure the temperature of the gas in said feed line (33) upstream of said feed device cooling. Installation selon la revendication précédente, dans laquelle ledit dispositif de refroidissement comprend un dispositif d'injection (28) de gaz liquéfié issu d'au moins une cuve (1) ainsi qu'un séparateur de gouttelettes (29) en aval dudit dispositif d'injection (28).Installation according to the preceding claim, wherein said cooling device comprises a gas injection device (28) liquified from at least one tank (1) and a droplet separator (29) downstream of said injection device (28). Installation selon la revendication précédente, dans laquelle ledit dispositif d'injection (28) de gaz liquéfié est alimenté via une conduite (35) de dérivation de gaz liquéfié qui est reliée à une conduite (9) d'alimentation de gaz liquéfié pour ledit évaporateur (10), ladite conduite (35) de dérivation étant équipée d'une vanne (32) régulée commandée par un automate (31) qui est relié à des moyens de mesure (30) de température aptes à mesurer la température du gaz en aval dudit dispositif de refroidissement.Installation according to the preceding claim, wherein said injection device (28) for liquefied gas is fed via a pipe (35) of a liquefied gas bypass which is connected to a gas supply pipe (9) liquefied for said evaporator (10), said bypass line (35) being equipped with a controlled valve (32) controlled by an automaton (31) which is connected to temperature measuring means (30) able to measure the temperature of the gas downstream of said cooling device. Installation selon l'une des revendications 4 à 6, dans laquelle ladite conduite d'alimentation (33) de gaz en phase vapeur pour le compresseur (6) est localement constituée de deux dérivations (33A, 34), et ledit dispositif de refroidissement (28, 29) est installé sur une (33A) de ces deux dérivations.Installation according to one of claims 4 to 6, wherein said gas supply line (33) for the compressor (6) is locally constituted by two branches (33A, 34), and said device cooling (28, 29) is installed on one (33A) of these two leads. Installation selon la revendication précédente, dans laquelle chacune desdites deux dérivations (33A, 34) est équipée d'une vanne (26, 27) non régulée, les deux vannes étant reliées à un automate (25) de commande prévu pour commander l'ouverture d'une vanne (26, 27) lorsque l'autre vanne est fermée, ledit automate (25) étant relié auxdits moyens de mesure (24) de température en amont dudit dispositif de refroidissement.Installation according to the preceding claim, in which each said two branches (33A, 34) are equipped with an unregulated valve (26, 27), the two valves being connected to a control automaton (25) provided for controlling the opening of a valve (26, 27) when the other valve is closed, said controller (25) being connected to said temperature measuring means (24) upstream of said cooling device. Installation selon l'une des revendications précédentes, dans laquelle lesdits moyens de régulation dudit compresseur (6) comprennent des ventelles aptes à être pivotées graduellement entre deux positions respectivement d'ouverture et de fermeture.Installation according to one of the preceding claims, wherein said regulating means of said compressor (6) comprise lamellae able to be rotated gradually between two positions respectively opening and closing. Procédé de régulation d'un compresseur (6) pour une installation selon la revendication 9, dans lequel lesdits moyens de commande automatisée (17) effectuent la régulation dudit compresseur (6) en agissant uniquement sur le pivotement desdites ventelles.Method of regulating a compressor (6) for an installation according to claim 9, wherein said automated control means (17) effect the regulation of said compressor (6) by acting solely on the pivoting said louvers. Procédé de régulation selon la revendication 10, pour une installation selon les revendications 2 et 9, mettant en oeuvre les étapes suivantes : les deux mesures respectivement de pression et de débit fournies par lesdits moyens de mesure (18, 19) sont régulièrement comparées auxdites valeurs de consigne (Préf , Dréf) pour calculer les deux erreurs relatives correspondantes, à chaque erreur relative calculée pour la pression et le débit est affectée respectivement une première valeur (O1) et une seconde valeur (O2) de consigne d'orientation desdites ventelles, la plus grande des deux valeurs (O1, O2) de consigne d'orientation est retenue par lesdits moyens de commande automatisée (17) comme l'instruction d'orientation des ventelles qui est envoyée au compresseur (6). Control method according to claim 10, for an installation according to claims 2 and 9, implementing the following steps: the two respectively pressure and flow measurements provided by said measuring means (18, 19) are regularly compared with said reference values (P ref , D ref ) to calculate the two corresponding relative errors, each relative error calculated for the pressure and the flow rate is respectively assigned a first value (O 1 ) and a second value (O 2 ) of orientation setpoint of said louvers, the greater of the two values (O 1 , O 2 ) of orientation setpoint is retained by said automated control means (17) as the louver orientation instruction which is sent to the compressor (6).
EP05300312A 2004-05-14 2005-04-25 System for delivering combustible gas for propulsing a ship transporting liquefied gas Expired - Fee Related EP1596122B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0450945A FR2870206B1 (en) 2004-05-14 2004-05-14 INSTALLATION FOR SUPPLYING GASEOUS FUEL TO AN ENERGY PRODUCTION ASSEMBLY OF A LIQUEFIED GAS TRANSPORT VESSEL.
FR0450945 2004-05-14

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EP1596122A2 true EP1596122A2 (en) 2005-11-16
EP1596122A3 EP1596122A3 (en) 2006-03-29
EP1596122B1 EP1596122B1 (en) 2010-08-04

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JP (1) JP4761827B2 (en)
KR (1) KR101245977B1 (en)
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ES (1) ES2348243T3 (en)
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FR2870206B1 (en) 2006-08-04
JP4761827B2 (en) 2011-08-31
ES2348243T3 (en) 2010-12-01
KR101245977B1 (en) 2013-03-20
JP2005324789A (en) 2005-11-24
EP1596122A3 (en) 2006-03-29
FR2870206A1 (en) 2005-11-18
CN100593093C (en) 2010-03-03
EP1596122B1 (en) 2010-08-04
KR20060047881A (en) 2006-05-18
DE602005022649D1 (en) 2010-09-16
CN1707151A (en) 2005-12-14

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