EP1589606A1 - Passive Drahtstruktur zur Erhöhung der Verstärkung einer Fensterantenne - Google Patents
Passive Drahtstruktur zur Erhöhung der Verstärkung einer Fensterantenne Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1589606A1 EP1589606A1 EP04026430A EP04026430A EP1589606A1 EP 1589606 A1 EP1589606 A1 EP 1589606A1 EP 04026430 A EP04026430 A EP 04026430A EP 04026430 A EP04026430 A EP 04026430A EP 1589606 A1 EP1589606 A1 EP 1589606A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- wirelike
- passive
- antenna
- segment
- wire
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000005357 flat glass Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000001465 metallisation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005404 monopole Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001808 coupling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003989 dielectric material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
- H01Q5/30—Arrangements for providing operation on different wavebands
- H01Q5/378—Combination of fed elements with parasitic elements
- H01Q5/385—Two or more parasitic elements
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
- H01Q1/1271—Supports; Mounting means for mounting on windscreens
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
- H01Q5/30—Arrangements for providing operation on different wavebands
- H01Q5/378—Combination of fed elements with parasitic elements
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a passive wirelike structure for increasing the gain of a window antenna for automotive vehicles.
- the present invention relates to a passive wirelike structure for increasing the gain of a window antenna for automotive vehicles, particularly suitable for antennas integrated on small windows, such as a side window glass, or on a small portion of large windows such as some no-metalized zones of the windscreen having thin metalization.
- the passive wirelike structure having metallic segments of the present invention allows to integrate an AM-FM reception antenna on available free spaces having dimensions smaller than those necessary for other embodiments. This is due to the fact that the solution of the present invention is able to reduce, for the frequencies relative to the FM reception, the negative influence generally carried out by the surrounding metal body on the antenna gain.
- U.S. Patent No. 5,510,804 discloses an antenna based upon a dipole configuration and so typically it requires more available space to be performed than an equivalent monopole antenna. Moreover, the shape of the antenna in said patent is not optimized for reducing the space requirements. So it is not suitable for being implemented as an FM antenna in small glasses but it is particularly applicable for a passive remote entry system.
- U.S. Patent Nos. 5,905,470 and 6,437,749 disclose an antenna for AM and FM reception suitable for being attached to a vehicle side window glass and characterised by an S-shaped pattern.
- U.S. Patent No. 5,905,470 the problem of the effects of the vehicle body on antenna gain is marginally covered and it is explained that such an antenna is to be conformed to the window shape on which it is applied so that some parts of the antenna itself are disposed along the peripheral edges of the window glass. In this way the reception gain is not lowered by the influence of the vehicle metal body.
- the degree of freedom in the definition and optimisation of the antenna is very limited.
- the antennas described in U.S. Patent Nos. 5,905,470 and No. 6,437,749 are realized on a window glass significantly greater (surface more than 3 times) than those where the antenna of this present invention related to and for which is particularly useful.
- the glass having a length of 630mm and an height of 430-450mm is disclosed; while, the structure given as an example in the present invention is realized on a window having: 410mm height and from 140mm (top) to 260mm (bottom) wide.
- U.S. Patent No. 6,369,767 discloses an FM antenna characterised by dimensions that can be considered compatible with those to which the present invention relates to.
- the structure of the antenna disclosed in this patent doesn't have any optimization in order to avoid reduction of the gain by the interaction with the surrounding metal body.
- it requires an additional wire in order to receive the AM signal because the FM antenna is a loop antenna and its grounding on one side is not compatible with the receiving of AM signals.
- the object of the present invention is to solve the above drawbacks.
- the object of the present invention is to provide a AM-FM antenna having improved performances when located on small window.
- a further object of the present invention is to provide an AM-FM antenna which can also be used for other applications with different operative frequencies, like GSM (Global System Mobile) telephone antennas placed on a conductive windscreen within a small non-conductive area.
- GSM Global System Mobile
- a further object of the present invention is to provide an AM-FM antenna suitable to be integrated an a free space smaller than those necessary for other solution as being able to reduce for FM waves the negative influence carried out by the surrounding metal body on the antenna gain.
- a passive wirelike structure comprising at least one conductive wirelike segment constituted by metallic tracks, arranged on the window glass provided with the antenna and connected to the metallic chassis delimiting the window; said at least one conductive wirelike segment having a length substantially equal to one quarter of the working wavelength of the antenna and being arranged between said antenna and the metallic border of the metallic chassis delimiting the window glass.
- the passive wirelike structure improves the gain of the antenna by changing the intrinsic resonance of the window.
- the passive wirelike structure of the present invention By the passive wirelike structure of the present invention the influence of the metal body on the antenna gain is reduced. Moreover, it is possible to use as antenna a monopole structure optimised to be small, for example, by using a fractal shaped profile.
- the passive wirelike structure is completely separated from the antenna giving more degree of freedom in the definition and optimisation of the antenna that best cover the required specifications.
- antennas placed in a window with dimensions (height and/or width or perimeter) in the range of the used wavelength or smaller have a gain which is strongly affected by the interaction with the conductive chassis. Typically this interaction reduces significantly the performance of the antenna compared with those achievable by the same antenna in a free space environment.
- the wirelike passive structure is placed between the antenna and the edge of the conductive chassis delimiting the window glass and connected to this one so that it changes the interaction between the antenna and the surrounding metal body.
- the wirelike structure is connected to the conductive chassis either by a direct connection at one end of the wire segment, or by an electromagnetic coupling with the wire segments placed parallel to the edge of the conductive chassis delimiting the window glass.
- the wirelike structure is connected to the antenna by the wire segment next to the antenna.
- the wirelike passive structure of the present invention is particularly useful to increase the performances of FM antennas when they are integrated on small windows of vehicles.
- said passive wirelike structure can be used for applications with different operative frequencies such as GSM (Global System Mobile) telephone antennas placed on a conductive windscreen with a thin metallization for an IR reflecting layer and a small non-conductive area.
- GSM Global System Mobile
- the passive wirelike structure of the present invention can be used when the antenna which is integrated in a non-conductive area surrounded by a conductive one having an intrinsic resonance (which is substantially determined by the perimeter of the non-conductive area) close to the operative frequency of the antenna.
- At least one passive wirelike structure made with metallic tracks (for example with a cross section or a width comprised between 0.1 mm and 15 mm) is placed, together with an antenna 8, on a glass 1, particularly a small one, of a vehicle window.
- This passive wirelike structure improves the performances of the antenna 8 as for gain, modifying the intrinsic resonance of the chassis 2 surrounding the space occupied by the glass 1.
- the passive wirelike structure/s made with metal tracks is/are placed on the window glass upon which an antenna 8 is placed between the same antenna and the conductive borders of the chassis 2; the structures are electrically connected to these borders in such a way to change the electromagnetic interaction between the antenna and the surrounding metallic structure.
- each passive wirelike structure is coupled with the chassis 2 in two ways: by a direct connection 3, 5 to each side of the wirelike segment 4a, 6a, or by an electromagnetic coupling with segments 4d, 6d which are parallely placed to the conductive border of the chassis.
- the structure is also coupled to the antenna 8 with the segments 4b, 6b which are closest to it.
- the function of the passive wirelike structure is maximized when the segments are oriented in such a way that the connection point to the chassis 3, 5 is on the opposite side of the feeding end 7 of the antenna 8, with respect to the passive segments of the invention.
- the resonant frequency of the antenna is close to the intrinsic resonance frequency of the window, that is bound to its perimeter.
- the present invention is used by integrating, for example, two wirelike passive structures, a first wirelike passive structure 4a - 4d and a second wirelike passive structure 6a - 6d, on the same window glass (1).
- the wire segments of said structures are folded in order to be resonant on a frequency very close to that of the antenna.
- the radio frequency currents of the border of the window are turned off from flowing all around the window 1 and are, instead, driven on the added wirelike passive structure.
- the intrinsic resonance frequency of the total structure composed by the metallic border around the window plus the wirelike passive structure of the present invention is different from those of the metallic border alone. The resulted combinations of all the currents, flowing on the antenna and on the surrounding metal parts, bring to a more efficient radiation.
- the first segment 4a of the first folded wirelike passive structure at the left side of the antenna is connected at its free end 3 to the conductive chassis 2 around the window 1.
- the second segment 4b and the fourth segment 4d of the first folded wirelike passive structure are parallel to the border of the window and connected between them by a segment 4c .
- the fourth segment 4d which is the end of the wire, is placed between the second segment 4b and the border.
- the length of the fourth wire segment 4d is shorter than that of the second wire segment 4b and the ratio between the lengths of segments helps to control the influence of the folded wirelike passive structure to the antenna and especially to the gain of the antenna.
- the total length of the folded wire consisting of all four segments 4a - 4d is round about one quarter of the used wavelength.
- the folded wirelike passive structure of the present invention consists of four segments produced by metallic tracks having a cross section or width comprised between 0.1 and 15 mm: a first conductive wire segment 4a connected, in correspondence of an end 3, to the metallic border of the chassis 2 near the window glass 1; a second wire conductive segment 4b connected to the first wire segment 4a and arranged parallel to the next edge of the window 1, the length of this second wire segment 4b being comprised between about one octave and about one quarter of the working wavelength of the antenna 8; a third wire segment 4c connecting said second wire segment 4b with a fourth wire segment 4d, this latter fourth wire segment arranged parallely to the second segment 4b and between the next edge of the window 1 and said second wire segment 4b; the length of said fourth wire segment 4d being variable to obtain a total length of the four segments 4a - 4d equal to about a quarter of the working wavelength of the antenna 8.
- the lengths of the first 4a, the third 4c and/or the fourth 4d wire segments may be zero when
- the second folded wirelike passive structure 6a - 6d at the other side of the antenna 8 is connected at its end 5 to the conductive chassis of the vehicle.
- the constituting wire segments 6a - 6d are folded as the wire segments 4a - 4d of the first folded wirelike passive structure so that the fourth segment 6d is placed between the second segment 6b and the border of the window 1 at this side of the window.
- the length of the first folded wirelike passive structure 4a - 4d can be different from the length of the second folded wire like passive structure 6a - 6d to get a wide band adaptation of the antenna maintaining a high gain level.
- connections at the end 3, 5 between the first segment 4a, 6a of each wirelike folded passive structure and the metallic conductive chassis 2 can be a direct (mechanical) connection. Otherwise an indirect connection is possible by using a capacitive coupling between the first segments 4a and/or 6a and the chassis 2.
- FIGS. 2 and 3 show different types of antenna structures 8 applied on a side glass of a vehicle window combined with the same kind of the folded wirelike passive structure 4a - 4d and 6a - 6d of the present invention.
- the feeding points of the antennas 8 in both figures are in correspondence of one end 7.
- Figure 4 illustrates a variation of the folded wirelike passive structure of the present invention for a different adjustment to the antenna 8 and a different control of the gain.
- the total length of the wire from the connection point 3 or 5 to the end of the wire is tuned to a length round about a quarter of the used wavelength.
- the different lengths of the fourth 4d, 6d and of the second 4b, 6b wire segments of the folded wirelike structure are bound to the used antenna 8 and to the distance between the antenna and the folded wirelike passive structure. The ratio between the length of these both segments controls the strength of the coupling between the antenna 8, the folded wirelike passive structures 4a - 4d, 6a - 6d and the conductive chassis 2 around the window glass 1.
- a further possible condition which depends on the space and/or the shape of the window glass 1, consists in that the second segment 4b and/or 6b and the fourth segment 4d and/or 6d are not parallel to the border of the window glass 1 and/or are not parallel between them, but the fourth segment 4d and/or 6d is arranged between the border of the window glass 1 and the second segment 4b and/or 6b.
- the number of the used wirelike passive structures 4a -4d , 6a - 6d is variable in function of the available space of the window glass 1 and of the antenna type.
- Figure 5 shows another application where the wirelike passive structure of the present invention is useful to improve the quality of an antenna.
- the constellation shown in figure 5 is a windscreen 9 with a reflecting layer able to screen the IR frequencies over nearly the whole area of the window.
- the IR reflecting layer is constituted by a conductive metallic layer, which extends on all the surface of the windscreen except a limited zone for the application of the antenna 8 without interferring with the function of the antenna.
- the structure of the present invention can be used to reduce the coupling effects between the antenna and the IR reflecting layer 9.
- the wire segments 4 and 6 are connected to the reflecting layer 9 either directly or using a capacitive coupling.
- the lengths of the wire segments 4 and 6 are also approximately equal to a quarter of the used wavelength of the antenna and are placed with the same criteria of those illustrated in figs. 1 -4.
- the folded wirelike passive structure of the present invention can also be placed on the rear window having an IR reflecting layer 9 to improve the performance of an antenna like shown in figure 6.
- the total length of the wirelike passive structure 4a - 4d and/or 6a - 6d of the present invention depends from the dielectric characteristics of the window glass 1 on which they are mounted as well as from other optional dielectric materials arranged near said wirelike passive structure.
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- Details Of Aerials (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
ITRE20040037 | 2004-04-22 | ||
IT000037A ITRE20040037A1 (it) | 2004-04-22 | 2004-04-22 | Struttura filiforme passiva finalizzata all'incremento del guadagno di una antenna a vetro per veicolo |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1589606A1 true EP1589606A1 (de) | 2005-10-26 |
EP1589606B1 EP1589606B1 (de) | 2018-09-19 |
Family
ID=34927277
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP04026430.1A Active EP1589606B1 (de) | 2004-04-22 | 2004-11-08 | Passive Drahtstruktur zur Erhöhung der Verstärkung einer Fensterantenne |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1589606B1 (de) |
IT (1) | ITRE20040037A1 (de) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102008014931A1 (de) * | 2008-01-03 | 2009-07-09 | Mototech Co., Ltd., Siheung | Fraktale Antenne für Fahrzeuge |
US9487441B2 (en) | 2011-10-28 | 2016-11-08 | Corning Incorporated | Glass articles with infrared reflectivity and methods for making the same |
US10116035B2 (en) | 2015-04-30 | 2018-10-30 | Corning Incorporated | Electrically conductive articles with discrete metallic silver layers and methods for making same |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH10163727A (ja) * | 1996-11-28 | 1998-06-19 | Asahi Glass Co Ltd | 車両用ガラスアンテナ |
US20040008144A1 (en) * | 2002-07-03 | 2004-01-15 | Asahi Glass Company, Limited | High frequency wave glass antenna for an automobile |
US20040012537A1 (en) * | 2002-07-16 | 2004-01-22 | Yen Tjing Ling Industrial Development Foundation | Multi-meandered antennas with multiple bands and single input |
-
2004
- 2004-04-22 IT IT000037A patent/ITRE20040037A1/it unknown
- 2004-11-08 EP EP04026430.1A patent/EP1589606B1/de active Active
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH10163727A (ja) * | 1996-11-28 | 1998-06-19 | Asahi Glass Co Ltd | 車両用ガラスアンテナ |
US20040008144A1 (en) * | 2002-07-03 | 2004-01-15 | Asahi Glass Company, Limited | High frequency wave glass antenna for an automobile |
US20040012537A1 (en) * | 2002-07-16 | 2004-01-22 | Yen Tjing Ling Industrial Development Foundation | Multi-meandered antennas with multiple bands and single input |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 1998, no. 11 30 September 1998 (1998-09-30) * |
Cited By (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102008014931A1 (de) * | 2008-01-03 | 2009-07-09 | Mototech Co., Ltd., Siheung | Fraktale Antenne für Fahrzeuge |
JP2009165098A (ja) * | 2008-01-03 | 2009-07-23 | Mototech Co Ltd | 車両用フラクタルアンテナ |
DE102008014931B4 (de) * | 2008-01-03 | 2009-08-27 | Mototech Co., Ltd., Siheung | Fraktale Antenne für Fahrzeuge |
US9487441B2 (en) | 2011-10-28 | 2016-11-08 | Corning Incorporated | Glass articles with infrared reflectivity and methods for making the same |
US9586861B2 (en) | 2011-10-28 | 2017-03-07 | Corning Incorporated | Glass articles with discrete metallic silver layers and methods for making the same |
US9975805B2 (en) | 2011-10-28 | 2018-05-22 | Corning Incorporated | Glass articles with infrared reflectivity and methods for making the same |
US11535555B2 (en) | 2011-10-28 | 2022-12-27 | Corning Incorporated | Glass articles with infrared reflectivity and methods for making the same |
US10116035B2 (en) | 2015-04-30 | 2018-10-30 | Corning Incorporated | Electrically conductive articles with discrete metallic silver layers and methods for making same |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
ITRE20040037A1 (it) | 2004-07-22 |
EP1589606B1 (de) | 2018-09-19 |
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