EP1580303A2 - Hydrodynamische Mittel für elektrochemische Zellen - Google Patents

Hydrodynamische Mittel für elektrochemische Zellen Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1580303A2
EP1580303A2 EP05006598A EP05006598A EP1580303A2 EP 1580303 A2 EP1580303 A2 EP 1580303A2 EP 05006598 A EP05006598 A EP 05006598A EP 05006598 A EP05006598 A EP 05006598A EP 1580303 A2 EP1580303 A2 EP 1580303A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
hydrodynamic means
electrolyte
strips
hydrodynamic
ribs
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP05006598A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1580303A3 (de
Inventor
Peter Fabian
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
De Nora Deutschland GmbH
Original Assignee
De Nora Deutschland GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by De Nora Deutschland GmbH filed Critical De Nora Deutschland GmbH
Publication of EP1580303A2 publication Critical patent/EP1580303A2/de
Publication of EP1580303A3 publication Critical patent/EP1580303A3/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B9/00—Cells or assemblies of cells; Constructional parts of cells; Assemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assemblies; Process-related cell features
    • C25B9/60—Constructional parts of cells
    • C25B9/65—Means for supplying current; Electrode connections; Electric inter-cell connections
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B9/00—Cells or assemblies of cells; Constructional parts of cells; Assemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assemblies; Process-related cell features
    • C25B9/17—Cells comprising dimensionally-stable non-movable electrodes; Assemblies of constructional parts thereof
    • C25B9/19—Cells comprising dimensionally-stable non-movable electrodes; Assemblies of constructional parts thereof with diaphragms

Definitions

  • the present invention is directed to hydrodynamic means suitable for installation in existing electrochemical cells wherein the electrodes are connected to the backwalls by means of elongated supports, such as ribs or the like, and gaseous products are generated.
  • Typical processes characterized by the formation of gaseous products are the well known chlor-alkali electrolysis, hydrochloric acid solution electrolysis and water electrolysis, only to mention those which are particularly important from an industrial point of view.
  • the internal recirculation of the electrolytes plays an extremely important role in preventing the formation of dead areas wherein bubbles may be entrapped and the concentration of the electrolyte may change, both factors leading to an increase of cell voltage with the associated worsening of the consumption of electric energy.
  • the patent literature discloses a number of electrolytic cells equipped with internal hydrodynamic means such as baffles or channels primarily directed to separate the ascending flow of the mixed phase comprising the generated gas and the liquid electrolyte from the downcoming flow of liquid electrolyte which has been degassed in the top section of the cell: the difference of density between mixed and degassed phases is the driving force which induces the internal recirculation known as natural or gas lift recirculation. It is immediately evident that the recirculation attains the maximal value when the mentioned difference of density is also maximal, as it happens when the downcoming electrolyte flow is substantially free of gas.
  • Patent literature discloses a number of devices directed to facilitate the coalescence of bubbles: the common point for all disclosures is represented by a restriction of the cross section available for the ascending mixed phase flow localized in the very top section of the cell.
  • Patent Application DE-A 198 50 071 is here assumed as one of the most representative documents wherein the mentioned hydrodynamic means and the device for the coalescence of the tiny bubbles are disclosed: in particular, the hydrodynamic means are obtained by folding a metal sheet in a zig-zag or wave-like shape followed by fixing the wave, such as by welding, to the backwall of each compartment of the cell. The electrodes represented by foraminous sheets are then connected, again by welding, to the apexes of the zig-zag structure whereby the zig-zag structure also functions as current distributor from the backwall to the electrodes.
  • the space limited by the backwall and the internal surface of the zig-zag structure is only available for the downcoming flow of degassed electrolyte, whereas the mixed gas ⁇ electrolyte phase is totally confined in the space defined by the process-side surface of the zig-zag structure and the electrode.
  • the upper edge of the wave-like section is provided with a protruding baffle which is directed to restrict the cross section for the passage of the mixed phase, thus facilitating the coalescence of the smaller size bubbles.
  • hydrodynamic means consisting of flat strips or folded strips having a L or Z or C or trapezoidal shape, said flat strips or folded strips being characterized by a certain degree of elasticity which facilitates the insertion between each couple of rows of studs or ribs or any other type of elongated profiles by simply pressing them with the optional cooperation of the new electrode sheets.
  • hydrodynamic means such as the types mentioned above, which are manufactured by using metals or plastic materials provided with chemical inertia, elasticity and low tendency to creep relaxation under the electrolysis conditions.
  • Figure 1 shows the top view cross section of an existing cell 1 where the electrodes 2 are supported by rows of studs or ribs 3 or other similar elongated profiles fixed, e. g. by welding, on the backwall 4.
  • the ribs are generally provided with perforations (not shown in the figure) to allow for a certain transversal mixing of the electrolytes such as to avoid the formation of areas with different concentration.
  • the catalytic activity of the electrodes is tied to the presence of a thin coating film containing certain elements such as the platinum group metals: during the electrolysis the mechanical stresses caused by the detachment of gas bubbles and/or chemical attack, when anomalous conditions appear in the cell, induce a slow consumption of the film until its residual traces left on the surface of the electrodes are unable to support the electrolysis process.
  • the cell is disassembled and the half shells are subjected to reactivation, which generally comprises the detachment of the worn-out electrodes 2 followed by fixing, for example by welding, of new electrodes.
  • the space defined by the electrodes 2, the ribs 3 and the backwall 4 is divided in two regions 6 and 7, respectively dedicated to the ascending flow 8 of gas-electrolyte mixed phase and to the down coming flow of electrolyte 9 separated from the gas bubbles in the upper section 10 of the cell.
  • the strips have a width slightly greater than the diagonal of each space between two contiguous rows of ribs and are kept in position thanks to their elasticity and the pressing action of the new electrodes which are fastened by a suitable jig before being welded to the top of the ribs.
  • the strips may be manufactured with plastic materials, in addition to the currently used metals, provided that the selected plastic materials be chemically resistant to the electrolysis environment and to the creep relaxation at the temperature of operation.
  • plastic materials such as polyvinylidenfluoride, perfluorinated alcoxyethylene copolymers, polychlorotrifluoroethylene are particularly suitable.
  • the hydrodynamic means may also be shaped in the form of curved strips 11 as shown in figure 4: the insertion procedure and the mechanical behaviour remain the same discussed in the case of the preceding figure 2. However, the unobstructed perforations of the ribs only allow the transversal mixing of the degassed electrolyte.
  • the plain strips of figure 2 may be folded to obtain an L -shaped section 12 as shown in figure 5: these strips are advantageously inserted between the rows of ribs to form a saw tooth pattern characterized in that the shorter length of the L obstructs the perforations of the ribs so that no transversal mixing is allowed: in this case a more effective motion of both the mixed phase and the degassed electrolyte is generated: however it is required the distribution of the electrolyte in the lower section of the cell be highly uniform.
  • the hydrodynamic means are given the Z shape 13 sketched in figure 6 by suitably folding the strips.
  • a further design suitable for the hydrodynamic means of the invention is represented by the use of trapezoidal or C - shaped folded strips 14 (figure 7, only the trapezoidal strips shown), which are characterized by a behaviour quite similar to that discussed before in the case of the strips of figure 5 and figure 6.
  • the trapezoidal and C-shaped means represent a two-fold advantageous design solution.
  • the trapezoidal and C-shaped strips may be easily equipped on the upper edge with protruding baffles 16 (figure 9: top view of the cross section, figure 10: side view of a cross section), which are aimed to restrict the passage of the gas-electrolyte mixed phase in the very top section of the cell: the increase of the linear velocity of the mixed phase enhances the coalescence of the gas bubbles, in particular the tiny bubbles, greatly facilitating the degassing of the electrolyte and, as a consequence, the internal recirculation.
  • the baffles may be integral with the body of the strip thus avoiding time consuming and expensive procedures of welding or gluing by means of proper stamping of suitably cut flat strips.
  • the regions dedicated to the ascending gas-electrolyte mixed phase and to the downcoming degassed electrolyte do not have necessarily the -same cross section as is the case for the means of figures 2,5 and 6, but on the contrary their ratio may be adjusted so that the linear velocity in the two regions is optimized for the best degassing and recirculation.
  • hydrodynamic means and the procedure of insertion and fixing described for the case of the retrofitting of existing cells during the reactivation of the catalytic activity can also be employed for the construction of new cells.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Electrolytic Production Of Non-Metals, Compounds, Apparatuses Therefor (AREA)
  • Hybrid Cells (AREA)
EP05006598A 2004-03-25 2005-03-24 Hydrodynamische Mittel für elektrochemische Zellen Withdrawn EP1580303A3 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102004014696A DE102004014696A1 (de) 2004-03-25 2004-03-25 Hydrodynamische Einrichtungen für elektrochemische Zellen
DE102004014696 2004-03-25

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1580303A2 true EP1580303A2 (de) 2005-09-28
EP1580303A3 EP1580303A3 (de) 2008-06-25

Family

ID=34854055

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP05006598A Withdrawn EP1580303A3 (de) 2004-03-25 2005-03-24 Hydrodynamische Mittel für elektrochemische Zellen

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1580303A3 (de)
DE (1) DE102004014696A1 (de)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ITMI20082035A1 (it) * 2008-11-17 2010-05-18 Uhdenora Spa Cella elementare e relativo elettrolizzatore modulare per processi elettrolitici
IT201700004794A1 (it) * 2017-01-18 2018-07-18 Andrea Capriccioli Elettrolizzatore per la produzione di h2
TWI686511B (zh) * 2017-09-29 2020-03-01 德商帝森克魯伯伍德氯工程公司 電解裝置
US11390956B1 (en) 2021-06-01 2022-07-19 Verdagy, Inc. Anode and/or cathode pan assemblies in an electrochemical cell, and methods to use and manufacture thereof
WO2023060146A3 (en) * 2021-10-05 2023-05-19 Verdagy, Inc. Systems and methods for producing hydrogen gas

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
IT1165047B (it) * 1979-05-03 1987-04-22 Oronzio De Nora Impianti Procedimento per migliorare il trasporto di materia ad un elettrodo e mezzi idrodinamici relativi
IT1163737B (it) * 1979-11-29 1987-04-08 Oronzio De Nora Impianti Elettrolizzatore bipolare comprendente mezzi per generare la ricircolazione interna dell'elettrolita e procedimento di elettrolisi
JPS58123885A (ja) * 1982-01-20 1983-07-23 Kanto Denka Kogyo Kk イオン交換膜法食塩電解槽用陰極構造体
US5454925A (en) * 1994-05-03 1995-10-03 Eltech Systems Corporation Repair of mesh electrode spaced from electrode pan
DE19850071A1 (de) * 1998-10-30 2000-05-04 Bayer Ag Membran-Elektrolysezelle mit aktiver Gas-/Flüssigkeitstrennung
IT1319259B1 (it) * 2000-10-31 2003-09-26 Nora Impianti S P A Ora De Nor Cella elettrolitica con strutture elettrodiche rinnovabili e metodoper la sostituzione delle stesse.
ITMI20022382A1 (it) * 2002-11-11 2004-05-12 De Nora Elettrodi Spa Elettrodi per elettrometallurgia

Cited By (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2010055152A1 (en) * 2008-11-17 2010-05-20 Uhdenora S.P.A. Elementary cell and relevant modular electrolyser for electrolytic processes
KR20110095348A (ko) * 2008-11-17 2011-08-24 유데노라 에스.피.에이. 전기 분해 공정을 위한 원소 셀 및 관련 모듈형 전기 분해 장치
EA019177B1 (ru) * 2008-11-17 2014-01-30 Уденора С.П.А. Элементарная электролизная ячейка и электролизер на основе нее
US9062383B2 (en) 2008-11-17 2015-06-23 Uhdenora S.P.A. Elementary cell and relevant modular electrolyser for electrolytic processes
ITMI20082035A1 (it) * 2008-11-17 2010-05-18 Uhdenora Spa Cella elementare e relativo elettrolizzatore modulare per processi elettrolitici
IT201700004794A1 (it) * 2017-01-18 2018-07-18 Andrea Capriccioli Elettrolizzatore per la produzione di h2
WO2018134766A1 (en) * 2017-01-18 2018-07-26 Andrea Capriccioli Electrolytic cell for the production of h2
US11608561B2 (en) 2017-09-29 2023-03-21 Thyssenkrupp Uhde Chlorine Engineers Gmbh Electrolysis device
TWI686511B (zh) * 2017-09-29 2020-03-01 德商帝森克魯伯伍德氯工程公司 電解裝置
US11390956B1 (en) 2021-06-01 2022-07-19 Verdagy, Inc. Anode and/or cathode pan assemblies in an electrochemical cell, and methods to use and manufacture thereof
WO2022256043A1 (en) * 2021-06-01 2022-12-08 Verdagy, Inc. Anode and/or cathode pan assemblies in an electrochemical cell, and methods to use and manufacture thereof
US12209319B2 (en) 2021-06-01 2025-01-28 Verdagy, Inc. Anode and/or cathode pan assemblies in an electrochemical cell, and methods to use and manufacture thereof
AU2021449337B2 (en) * 2021-06-01 2025-04-24 Verdagy, Inc. Anode and/or cathode pan assemblies in an electrochemical cell, and methods to use and manufacture thereof
WO2023060146A3 (en) * 2021-10-05 2023-05-19 Verdagy, Inc. Systems and methods for producing hydrogen gas
US12037694B2 (en) 2021-10-05 2024-07-16 Verdagy, Inc. Systems and methods for producing hydrogen gas
US12173417B2 (en) 2021-10-05 2024-12-24 Verdagy, Inc. Systems and methods for producing hydrogen gas

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1580303A3 (de) 2008-06-25
DE102004014696A1 (de) 2005-10-13

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