EP1576199A2 - Method for the production of a screw, and screw produced according to said method - Google Patents

Method for the production of a screw, and screw produced according to said method

Info

Publication number
EP1576199A2
EP1576199A2 EP03808281A EP03808281A EP1576199A2 EP 1576199 A2 EP1576199 A2 EP 1576199A2 EP 03808281 A EP03808281 A EP 03808281A EP 03808281 A EP03808281 A EP 03808281A EP 1576199 A2 EP1576199 A2 EP 1576199A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
screw
strength steel
screws
ultra
produced
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP03808281A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1576199B1 (en
Inventor
Thomas MÄTZLER
Ernst Rohner
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
SFS Group International AG
Original Assignee
SFS Intec Holding AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by SFS Intec Holding AG filed Critical SFS Intec Holding AG
Publication of EP1576199A2 publication Critical patent/EP1576199A2/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1576199B1 publication Critical patent/EP1576199B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21K—MAKING FORGED OR PRESSED METAL PRODUCTS, e.g. HORSE-SHOES, RIVETS, BOLTS OR WHEELS
    • B21K1/00—Making machine elements
    • B21K1/44—Making machine elements bolts, studs, or the like
    • B21K1/46—Making machine elements bolts, studs, or the like with heads
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/12—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing tungsten, tantalum, molybdenum, vanadium, or niobium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D7/00—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation
    • C21D7/02—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation by cold working
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/06—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing aluminium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/10—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing cobalt
    • C22C38/105—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing cobalt containing Co and Ni
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/14—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing titanium or zirconium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/0093—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for screws; for bolts

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for producing a screw, in particular a screw for indexable inserts, which has an internal attack, and a screw.
  • the present invention has set itself the task of overcoming this prejudice among experts and to create the possibility of producing screws with internal attack from a high-strength material.
  • this is achieved by a method in which ultra-high-strength steel is used as the starting material and in which the screw, including the internal attack, is produced by cold-forming the starting material.
  • FIG. 1 shows a side view of a screw, partially cut away
  • FIG. 2 shows a plan view of the head of the screw.
  • a screw 1 shown in the drawing and manufactured in particular for the attachment of indexable inserts has a head 2 and a shaft 4 provided with a thread 5.
  • the thread 5 with the outer diameter D1 is rolled onto the shaft 4 with a diameter D.
  • the head 2 in the manner of a raised countersunk head has a diameter D3.
  • an internal attack 3 is formed for the use of a drive element.
  • a bore 7 shown in dashed lines
  • Due to the different sections with different diameters, a relatively high degree of forming has to be taken into account, although this was previously considered impossible when using ultra-high-strength steel.
  • the production takes place by cold forming of the starting material, with ultra-high-strength steel being used as the starting material, which has so far not been considered feasible by a person skilled in the art.
  • any type of ultra-high-strength steel can be processed by cold forming the starting material, but in the specific case an ultra-high-strength steel with the composition C 0.03, Mo 5.0, Ni 18.5, Co 8.5, has been found to be the starting material.
  • the invention has made it possible to manufacture a screw, in particular a screw for indexable inserts, which consists of ultra-high-strength steel and is produced by cold forming. This results in significant improvements in the strength of the screw.
  • a screw for indexable inserts which consists of ultra-high-strength steel and is produced by cold forming.
  • further process steps are used, for example washing processes, turning processes for chamfering, surface grinding, thread rolling, surface treatment, final inspection, etc.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Forging (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)

Abstract

Disclosed is a screw (1) comprising a head (2), a shaft (4) that is provided with a thread (5), and an interior engaging member (3). Said screw (1) is produced in a special method by cold deforming an initial material, ultra high-strength steel being used as the initial material.

Description

Gegenstand : Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Schraube sowie nach dem Verfahren hergestellte SchraubeSubject: Process for producing a screw and screw produced by the process

Beschreibung:Description:

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Schraube, insbesondere einer Schraube für Wendeschneidplatten, welche einen Innenangriff aufweist, sowie eine Schraube.The invention relates to a method for producing a screw, in particular a screw for indexable inserts, which has an internal attack, and a screw.

An sich ist die Fertigung von Schrauben durch Kaltumformen eines Ausgangsmaterials in verschiedenen Varianten bekannt. Probleme gibt es erst bei hochfesten Ausgangsmaterialien. Hier wird bisher immer davon ausgegangen, dass ausschließlich eine spanende, also materialabarbeitende Fertigung möglich ist. Eine solche Herstellung von Schrauben ist aber mit großem Aufwand und daher auch hohen Kosten verbunden. Der Fachmann ist aber nach wie vor davon überzeugt, dass ab einer gewissen Festigkeit des Ausgangsmaterials eine Herstellung von Schrauben mit Innenangriff, und hier insbesondere relativ kleiner Schrauben, durch Kaltumformung unmöglich ist.The manufacture of screws by cold forming a starting material in various variants is known per se. Problems only arise with high-strength raw materials. So far it has always been assumed that only machining, i.e. material processing, is possible. Such a production of screws is associated with great effort and therefore also high costs. However, the person skilled in the art is still convinced that from a certain strength of the starting material, it is impossible to produce screws with internal attack, and here in particular relatively small screws, by cold working.

Die vorliegende Erfindung hat sich zur Aufgabe gestellt, dieses Vorurteil der Fachwelt zu überwinden und die Möglichkeit der Herstellung von Schrauben mit Innenangriff aus einem hochfestem Material zu schaffen.The present invention has set itself the task of overcoming this prejudice among experts and to create the possibility of producing screws with internal attack from a high-strength material.

Erfindungsgemäß gelingt dies durch ein Verfahren, bei welchem als Ausgangsmaterial ultrahochfester Stahl eingesetzt wird und bei dem die Schraube einschliesslich des Innenangriffes durch Kaltumformen des Ausgangsmaterials gefertigt wird.According to the invention, this is achieved by a method in which ultra-high-strength steel is used as the starting material and in which the screw, including the internal attack, is produced by cold-forming the starting material.

Es konnte in vielen Versuchsreihen festgestellt werden, dass sich der Fachmann aufgrund der unmöglich erscheinenden Fakten geirrt hat und dass es sehr wohl möglich ist Schrauben aus ultrahochfestem Stahl in einem Kaltumformverfahren herzustellen. Solche Schrauben haben gegenüber den durch spanende Bearbeitung hergestellten Schrauben aufgrund optimaler Querschnittsverhältnisse wesentlich bessere Festigkeitseigenschaften. Bei der bisher für möglich gehaltenen Herstellungsweise konnte gerade der Schlüsselangriff im Kopf nur so gefertigt werden, indem eine Vorbohrung gemacht werden musste, worauf dann in einem Stossverfahren die Schlüsselkontur hergestellt wurde. Bei der Herstellung im Kaltumformverfahren hingegen wird die Schlüsselkontur, z.B. ein Innensechs- rund, beim Kaltumformpressvorgang ohne vorheriges Vorbohren hergestellt. Es ist daher die Öffnung für den Schlüsselangriff wesentlich weniger tief auszuführen als dies mit einem Vorbohrvorgang der Fall ist. Am Übergang zwischen Schraubenkopf und Schaft ist daher die Festigkeit wesentlich höher, da mehr Materialdicke zwischen der Öffnung für den Schlüsselangriff und der Außenkontur verbleibt. Die bei einer spanabhebenden Bearbeitung sich ergebenden Schwachstellen sind somit verhindert worden.It could be determined in many test series that the expert was wrong due to the facts that seemed impossible and that it is very possible to produce screws from ultra high-strength steel in a cold forming process. Such screws have significantly better strength properties than the screws produced by machining because of the optimal cross-sectional conditions. With the manufacturing method previously considered possible, the key attack in the head could only be made by pre-drilling, whereupon the key contour was produced in a butting process. In contrast, in the case of production using the cold-forming process, the key contour, for example a round hexagon socket, is produced in the cold-forming press process without prior drilling. The opening for the key attack should therefore be made much less deep than is the case with a pre-drilling process. The strength at the transition between the screw head and the shaft is therefore significantly higher, since more material thickness remains between the opening for the key attack and the outer contour. The vulnerabilities resulting from machining have thus been prevented.

Dementsprechend optimale Eigenschaften zur Aufnahme eines großen Drehmomentes und auch zur Erreichung großer Zugfestigkeit ergeben sich bei einer Schraube, insbesondere einer Schraube mit Innenangriff für den Einsatz bei Wendeschneidplatten, die aus ultrahochfestem Stahl besteht und durch Kaltumformung hergestellt ist.Accordingly, optimum properties for absorbing a large torque and also for achieving high tensile strength result in a screw, in particular a screw with an internal attack, for use with indexable inserts, which is made of ultra-high-strength steel and is produced by cold forming.

Es wurde zwar schon versucht, Schrauben aus hochfestem Stahl zu fertigen, wobei hier bisher Grenzen gesehen wurden, wenn auch ein Innenangriff mitgefertigt werden sollte. Durch die Erfindung konnte dieses Vorurteil der Fachwelt überwunden werden.Attempts have already been made to manufacture screws from high-strength steel, although limits have been seen so far, even if an internal attack should also be included. This prejudice of the professional world could be overcome by the invention.

Besonders vorteilhaft bei einem solchen Verfahren und einer nach dem Verfahren hergestellten Schraube ist es, wenn als Ausgangsmaterial ein ultrahochfester Stahl mit der Zusammensetzung C 0,03, Mo 5,0, Ni 18,5, Co 8,5, Ti 0,6, AI 0,1, Rest Fe, eingesetzt wird. Gerade bei einer solchen Zusammensetzung ist der Fachmann bisher davon ausgegangen, dass eine Herstellung im Kaltumformverfahren nicht möglich sei. Durch die vorliegende Erfindung konnte das Gegenteil bewiesen werden.It is particularly advantageous with such a method and a screw produced by the method if an ultra-high-strength steel with the composition C 0.03, Mo 5.0, Ni 18.5, Co 8.5, Ti 0.6, AI 0.1, rest Fe, is used. With such a composition, the person skilled in the art has hitherto assumed that production using the cold forming process is not possible. The opposite has been proven by the present invention.

Weitere erfindungsgemäße Merkmale und besondere Vorteile werden in der nachstehenden Beschreibung anhand der Zeichnung noch näher erläutert. Es zeigen:Further features according to the invention and special advantages are explained in more detail in the following description with reference to the drawing. Show it:

Fig.1 eine Seitenansicht einer Schraube, teilweise aufgeschnitten dargestellt;1 shows a side view of a screw, partially cut away;

Fig.2 eine Draufsicht auf den Kopf der Schraube.2 shows a plan view of the head of the screw.

In der Zeichnung ist ein Ausführungsbeispiel einer Schraube dargestellt, wie sie für die Befestigung von Wendeschneidplatten eingesetzt wird. Natürlich können die erfindungsgemäßen Maßnahmen in gleicher Weise für Schrauben in anderen Einsatzbereichen an- gewendet werden. Gerade bei Schrauben, die in engen Toleranzen hergestellt werden müssen und vor allem auf Drehmoment und Zug belastet sind, hat sich gezeigt, dass im Kaltumformverfahren hergestellte Schrauben wesentlich besser sind als durch spanabhebende Bearbeitung hergestellte Schrauben. Da aber gerade Schrauben aus ultrahochfestem Stahl das optimale Ausgangsmaterial für solche Schrauben ist, fertigte man bisher solche Schrauben als Drehteil, weil der Fachmann eine Fertigung im Kaltumformverfahren für schlicht unmöglich hielt.In the drawing, an embodiment of a screw is shown as it is used for the attachment of indexable inserts. Of course, the measures according to the invention can be used in the same way for screws in other areas of application. be turned. Especially with screws that have to be manufactured in tight tolerances and are above all subjected to torque and tension, it has been shown that screws produced using the cold-forming process are significantly better than screws produced by machining. However, since screws made of ultra-high-strength steel are the ideal starting material for such screws, such screws have hitherto been manufactured as a turned part, because the skilled worker considered manufacturing in the cold-forming process simply impossible.

Eine auf der Zeichnung gezeigte, insbesondere für die Befestigung von Wendeschneidplatten gefertigte Schraube 1 weist einen Kopf 2 und einen mit einem Gewinde 5 versehenen Schaft 4 auf. Auf den Schaft 4 mit einem Durchmesser D ist das Gewinde 5 mit dem Außendurchmesser D1 aufgerollt. Der Kopf 2 nach Art eines Linsensenkkopfes weist einen Durchmesser D3 auf. Im Kopf 2 ist ein Innenangriff 3 zum Einsatz eines Antriebselementes ausgebildet. Bei der Fertigung im Kaltumformverfahren ergibt sich lediglich eine kleine Vertiefung 6 am Grund des Innenangriffes 3. Bei einer bisher bekannten Fertigung durch Spanabhebung musste auch bei der Herstellung des Innenangriffes 3 eine Bohrung 7 (strichliert dargestellt) vorab hergestellt werden, die entsprechend tief ausgebildet sein musste, um anschließend in einem Stossverfahren den Schlüsselabgriff herzustellen. Aufgrund der doch unterschiedlichen Abschnitte mit verschiedenen Durchmessern ist ein relativ hoher Umformgrad zu berücksichtigen, wobei dies bisher beim Einsatz von ultrahochfestem Stahl als unmöglich galt.A screw 1 shown in the drawing and manufactured in particular for the attachment of indexable inserts has a head 2 and a shaft 4 provided with a thread 5. The thread 5 with the outer diameter D1 is rolled onto the shaft 4 with a diameter D. The head 2 in the manner of a raised countersunk head has a diameter D3. In the head 2 an internal attack 3 is formed for the use of a drive element. When manufacturing in the cold forming process, there is only a small recess 6 at the bottom of the internal attack 3. In a previously known production by machining, a bore 7 (shown in dashed lines) had to be made beforehand, which had to be correspondingly deep to then produce the key tap in a pushing process. Due to the different sections with different diameters, a relatively high degree of forming has to be taken into account, although this was previously considered impossible when using ultra-high-strength steel.

Bei dem erfindungsgemäß eingesetzten Verfahren zur Herstellung der Schraube, insbesondere eben einer Schraube für Wendeschneidplatten erfolgt die Fertigung durch Kaltumformen des Ausgangsmaterials, wobei als Ausgangsmaterial ultrahochfester Stahl eingesetzt wird, was bisher vom Fachmann als nicht durchführbar angesehen worden ist. Im Rahmen der Erfindung ist jede Art ultrahochfester Stahl durch Kaltumformen des Ausgangsmaterials zu verarbeiten, jedoch erweist sich im konkreten Falle als Ausgangsmaterial ein ultrahochfester Stahl mit der Zusammensetzung C 0,03, Mo 5,0, Ni 18,5, Co 8,5, Ti 0,6, AI 0,1, Rest Fe, als besonders geeignet.In the method according to the invention for producing the screw, in particular a screw for indexable inserts, the production takes place by cold forming of the starting material, with ultra-high-strength steel being used as the starting material, which has so far not been considered feasible by a person skilled in the art. Within the scope of the invention, any type of ultra-high-strength steel can be processed by cold forming the starting material, but in the specific case an ultra-high-strength steel with the composition C 0.03, Mo 5.0, Ni 18.5, Co 8.5, has been found to be the starting material. Ti 0.6, AI 0.1, balance Fe, as particularly suitable.

Durch die Erfindung ist es ermöglicht worden, eine Schraube, insbesondere eine Schraube für Wendeschneidplatten, zu fertigen, die aus ultrahochfestem Stahl besteht und durch Kaltumformung hergestellt ist. Es ergeben sich dadurch wesentliche Verbesserungen in bezug auf die Festigkeit der Schraube. Beim Verfahren zur Herstellung der Schraube werden wie auch bei anderen Kaltumformverfahren weitere Verfahrensschritte zum Einsatz kommen, beispielsweise Waschvorgänge, Drehvorgänge zum Anfasen, Gleitschleifen, Gewinderollen, Oberflächenbehandlung, Endkontrolle usw. The invention has made it possible to manufacture a screw, in particular a screw for indexable inserts, which consists of ultra-high-strength steel and is produced by cold forming. This results in significant improvements in the strength of the screw. In the process for producing the screw, as with other cold forming processes, further process steps are used, for example washing processes, turning processes for chamfering, surface grinding, thread rolling, surface treatment, final inspection, etc.

Claims

Patentansprüche: claims: 1. Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Schraube, insbesondere einer Schraube für Wendeschneidplatten, welche einen Innenangriff aufweist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass als Ausgangsmaterial ultrahochfester Stahl eingesetzt wird und dass die Schraube ein- schliesslich des Innenangriffes durch Kaltumformen des Ausgangsmaterials gefertigt wird.1. A method for producing a screw, in particular a screw for indexable inserts, which has an internal attack, characterized in that ultra-high-strength steel is used as the starting material and that the screw, including the internal attack, is produced by cold forming the starting material. 2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass als Ausgangsmaterial ein ultrahochfester Stahl mit der Zusammensetzung C 0,03, Mo 5,0, Ni 18,5, Co 8,5, Ti 0,6, AI 0,1, Rest Fe, eingesetzt wird.2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the starting material is an ultra high-strength steel with the composition C 0.03, Mo 5.0, Ni 18.5, Co 8.5, Ti 0.6, Al 0.1, the rest Fe is used. 3. Schraube, insbesondere für Wendeschneidplatten, die aus ultrahochfestem Stahl besteht und einschliesslich des Innenangriffes durch Kaltumformung hergestellt ist.3. Screw, in particular for indexable inserts, which is made of ultra-high-strength steel and, including the internal attack, is produced by cold forming. 4. Schraube nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der ultrahochfeste Stahl die Zusammensetzung C 0,03, Mo 5,0, Ni 18,5, Co 8,5, Ti 0,6, AI 0,1 , Rest Fe, hat. 4. Screw according to claim 3, characterized in that the ultra high-strength steel has the composition C 0.03, Mo 5.0, Ni 18.5, Co 8.5, Ti 0.6, AI 0.1, rest Fe ,
EP03808281.4A 2002-12-23 2003-12-17 Method for the production of a screw, and screw produced according to said method Expired - Lifetime EP1576199B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10260828A DE10260828A1 (en) 2002-12-23 2002-12-23 Process for producing a screw and screw produced according to the process
DE10260828 2002-12-23
PCT/EP2003/014384 WO2004059016A2 (en) 2002-12-23 2003-12-17 Method for the production of a screw, and screw produced according to said method

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1576199A2 true EP1576199A2 (en) 2005-09-21
EP1576199B1 EP1576199B1 (en) 2014-10-01

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP03808281.4A Expired - Lifetime EP1576199B1 (en) 2002-12-23 2003-12-17 Method for the production of a screw, and screw produced according to said method

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US7632053B2 (en)
EP (1) EP1576199B1 (en)
JP (1) JP2006512210A (en)
KR (1) KR101105185B1 (en)
CN (1) CN100465298C (en)
AU (1) AU2003303348A1 (en)
DE (1) DE10260828A1 (en)
WO (1) WO2004059016A2 (en)

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JP2006512210A (en) 2006-04-13
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DE10260828A1 (en) 2004-07-08
WO2004059016A2 (en) 2004-07-15
US20060078403A1 (en) 2006-04-13
CN100465298C (en) 2009-03-04
US7632053B2 (en) 2009-12-15
WO2004059016A3 (en) 2005-03-03
AU2003303348A1 (en) 2004-07-22
AU2003303348A8 (en) 2004-07-22
KR20050085410A (en) 2005-08-29
CN1729302A (en) 2006-02-01

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