EP1574680A1 - Abgasreinigungsanlage für die Brennkraftmachine eines Fahrzeuges und Abgasstrecke mit einer solchen Anlage - Google Patents

Abgasreinigungsanlage für die Brennkraftmachine eines Fahrzeuges und Abgasstrecke mit einer solchen Anlage Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1574680A1
EP1574680A1 EP05290523A EP05290523A EP1574680A1 EP 1574680 A1 EP1574680 A1 EP 1574680A1 EP 05290523 A EP05290523 A EP 05290523A EP 05290523 A EP05290523 A EP 05290523A EP 1574680 A1 EP1574680 A1 EP 1574680A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
channels
electrodes
layer
catalytic
rear end
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP05290523A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP1574680B1 (de
Inventor
Yvane Lendresse
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
PSA Automobiles SA
Original Assignee
Peugeot Citroen Automobiles SA
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Publication date
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Publication of EP1574680A1 publication Critical patent/EP1574680A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1574680B1 publication Critical patent/EP1574680B1/de
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
    • F01N3/023—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
    • F01N3/022—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters characterised by specially adapted filtering structure, e.g. honeycomb, mesh or fibrous
    • F01N3/0222—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters characterised by specially adapted filtering structure, e.g. honeycomb, mesh or fibrous the structure being monolithic, e.g. honeycombs
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
    • F01N3/023—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles
    • F01N3/027—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles using electric or magnetic heating means
    • F01N3/0275—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles using electric or magnetic heating means using electric discharge means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
    • F01N3/033—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters in combination with other devices
    • F01N3/035—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters in combination with other devices with catalytic reactors, e.g. catalysed diesel particulate filters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2240/00—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being
    • F01N2240/28—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being a plasma reactor

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a gas purification system exhaust system of a motor vehicle engine and a line exhaust system comprising such a system.
  • the invention relates to such a system, of the type comprising a gas purifying member disposed in a line exhaust system associated with the engine and having gas inlet channels to purify, having an open front end and a closed rear end, and purified gas outlet channels having a closed front end and an open back end.
  • Pollutants resulting from the combustion of a diesel or gasoline engine are mainly unburnt hydrocarbons, nitrogen oxides (monoxide Nitrogen Nitrogen and Nitrogen Dioxide NO2), carbon oxides (carbon monoxide CO and carbon dioxide CO2) and, in the case of diesel engines and gasoline direct injection engines, particles.
  • the object of the invention is therefore to solve these problems.
  • the subject of the invention is a gas purification system of a motor vehicle engine, of the type comprising a gas purification unit disposed in an exhaust line associated with the engine and having gas inlet channels to be purified, having an open front end and a closed rear end, and channels purified gas outlet having a closed front end and an end backward, and associated with oxidation catalyst means and plasma discharge generator means for regeneration assistance of the purification unit, characterized in that the catalyst means are in the form of a layer of catalytic impregnating material, deposited on the open front end side of the inlet channels, and the means forming a plasma discharge generator are in the form of electrodes disposed on the closed rear end side of these channels input, embedded in a layer of dielectric barrier material and connected to a source of electrical power supply.
  • the invention also relates to a line exhaust system comprising such a system.
  • the present invention therefore proposes to focus on the phenomena soot storage and distribution of the soot in the filter so to optimize the last concept presented previously. Indeed, the gas flows imposed by the operation of the engine lead to a distribution of the soot bed quite fine on the upstream part of the filter inlet channels and a bed of soot that thickens as the gas flow evolves towards the bottom of the canals. After several hours of engine operation, the vast majority soot forms a compact bed in the bottom of the channels.
  • any system that can oxidize the soot bed compact located in the bottom of the inlet channels of the filter leads to regeneration compatible with the constraints of a vehicle application.
  • the solution proposed by this invention is a plasma concept for performing this step.
  • support catalytic is impregnated on the upstream part of the corresponding input channels to the formation area a finer soot bed. It is recognized that the difficulty encountered in the case of catalysed filters is the spread of combustion through the bed of soot.
  • the catalytic support is located in a favorable area for the oxidation of soot. The coupling of these two approaches leads to a compact invention to achieve regeneration total soot accumulated in a particulate filter.
  • the present invention therefore consists in proposing an architecture of plasma reactor for treating the bed of particles accumulated in the channels of a filter by proceeding catalytically on the front part of the channels input when the soot bed is thin and regenerating via plasma discharges the bottom part of these same input channels when the soot bed becomes compact and thick.
  • the principle of plasma is to generate metastable species, radicals and very reactive ions by collision between the constituent molecules the exhaust gases and the energy electrons produced by landfills electric, and this without raising the temperature of the reaction medium.
  • Metastable species, radicals and highly energetic electrons products are promoters of chemical oxidation in a gas exhaust containing an excess of oxygen, such as particles of soot, by direct interaction of these species with very short lifespans with pollutants.
  • the catalytic support makes it possible to ensure the oxidation of the particles of soot through activated oxidation reactions via metals, in particular precious metals dispersed in a catalytic material itself impregnated on the walls of the filter.
  • This system can be considered in the precise case of this concept because the soot bed deposited on the catalytic support is end on the input part of the filter and therefore the propagation of the combustion does not will not be a limiting parameter as was found in the case of particles catalyzed.
  • the invention relates to to a system for purifying the exhaust gases of a combustion engine motor vehicle.
  • This system comprises a gas purification unit disposed in an exhaust line associated with the engine and having channels the gases to be purified and the outlet channels of the purified gases.
  • an input channel of FIGS. gas to be purified by general reference 1 an input channel of FIGS. gas to be purified by general reference 1
  • a gas outlet channel purified designated by general reference 2.
  • the purification unit comprises such channels arranged in rows and columns of successive input and output channels.
  • Each input channel designated by general reference 1 presents an open front end and a closed rear end, for example, to using a cement plug designated by the general reference 3.
  • each output channel has one end before closed for example by a cement plug, designated by the reference 4 and an open rear end.
  • the exhaust gases are therefore circulated between the input channels and the output channels, through the filter media which is then required to trap the particles contained in these gases.
  • the means forming catalyst are in the form of a layer of impregnating material catalytic converter, deposited on the side of the open front end of the inlet channels, this layer being designated for example by the general reference 5a.
  • the means forming a plasma discharge generator are presented in the form of electrodes designated by general references 6 and 7 in this figure, which are arranged on the closed rear end side of these inlet channels and are embedded in a layer of barrier material 5b, and connected to a source of electrical power supply boarded the vehicle.
  • one of these electrodes may correspond to an anode connected to the high voltage terminal of the source, while the other electrode can match to a cathode connected for example to ground.
  • the electrodes of the generator means of plasma discharges and the layer of dielectric barrier material extend along the inlet channels of the purification member, and this on less than a third of the length of these.
  • the catalytic impregnation can then extend over a maximum of two third of the length of the canal.
  • the electrodes are adapted to pass through the closure means 3 of the corresponding rear end of the inlet channel, and to extend towards the layer of material forming dielectric barrier 5b.
  • Electrodes are then embedded in this layer of material 5b, to keep them in position.
  • the dielectric barrier material 5b may be formed of a material catalytic impregnation without metals.
  • a zone deposition technique of this material can then be used to deposit these layers on the channels.
  • the thickness of the layer of material forming dielectric barrier is less than or equal to that of the layer of material Catalytic.
  • This layer of catalytic material may then comprise metals, such as for example precious metals.
  • each input channel can be equipped with such electrodes as shown in Figure 2.
  • the electrodes i.e. cathode and anode, are arranged in opposite corners of these.
  • the corresponding electrodes of the channels of the rows stacked on top of each other are placed respectively in the upper or lower corners, and left or right, so that the electrodes two rows of stacked rows are the closest to each other. others, to facilitate their connection to the power supply
  • the anodes for example 13 of the row 9 of channels, are placed in the lower right corner of these, while the anodes, for example 14, of the row of channels 10, are placed in the upper right corner of these, which also facilitates their connection.
  • the rear part of the filter is associated with the means forming plasma discharge generator.
  • the electrodes of these means are held in position on the one hand, due to the fact that they pass through the end cap of the rear end input channels and secondly that their front end is embedded in the layer of dielectric barrier material.
  • each input channel may contain a or several electrodes of each type.
  • Electrodes are, as previously indicated, connected electrically to a source of power supply.
  • This power supply is of the type for example impulse, to a frequency ranging from one-shot to several tens of KHz for a high voltage applied, for example several tens of KV and low intensity and short duration.
  • an additive to aid the regeneration of the filter can also be mixed with fuel to facilitate the spread of the burning with soot.
  • the power supply for triggering operation means for generating plasma discharges may be sinusoidal type or continue.
  • the impregnating material deposited on the front part of the channels inlet of the filter can be a catalyst for oxidation of soot.
  • soot can also allow the oxidation of soot and the depollution of hydrocarbons and CO. It can also be coupled to a reduction function nitrogen oxides.
  • the regeneration of the particulate filter can also be ensured without implementing a post-fuel injection strategy in the engine cylinders during their relaxation phase, which improves the performance in terms of fuel consumption of it.
  • the layer 5a of impregnation material deposited on the input channels can have a homogeneous charge or not ("zoning"), for example with a lower metal load on the entrance part of the channels and more important on the back part of this layer of catalytic material, to meet a need for regeneration efficiency of the deposited soot on this one, this bed being finer on the entry of the channels than on the end of the layer.
  • zoning homogeneous charge or not
  • Such a treatment system can also be supplemented by a system for the treatment of gaseous pollutants emitted by the combustion engine internal.
  • the catalytic impregnation on the front face of the inlet channels allows the combustion of soot while impregnation of the entire surface exit channels can help control HC and CO emissions (oxidative type catalytic formulation), and NOx reduction (formulation catalytic reductive type).
  • the distribution of metals in the coating can also be homogeneous or not ("zoning"), the most close to the output of the outlet channels being the most loaded with metals.
  • the purification member may comprise a filtering material produced in the form of a ceramic based on silicon carbide, silicon nitride, mullite, and preferably, for example, cordierite.
  • the input channels and the channels output of the purification member are square section.
  • the electrodes are advantageously made of stainless material, the anode forming electrodes being intended to be brought to the positive potential and the cathode electrodes being intended to be connected to ground.
  • the anode forming electrodes can then be connected to a generator of high voltage pulses as has been described.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
  • Processes For Solid Components From Exhaust (AREA)
  • Exhaust Gas Treatment By Means Of Catalyst (AREA)
  • Hybrid Electric Vehicles (AREA)
EP05290523A 2004-03-11 2005-03-08 Abgasreinigungsanlage für die Brennkraftmachine eines Fahrzeuges und Abgasstrecke mit einer solchen Anlage Not-in-force EP1574680B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0402550 2004-03-11
FR0402550A FR2867510B1 (fr) 2004-03-11 2004-03-11 Systeme de purification des gaz d'echappement d'un moteur thermique de vehicule automobile et ligne d'echappement comportant un tel systeme

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1574680A1 true EP1574680A1 (de) 2005-09-14
EP1574680B1 EP1574680B1 (de) 2008-11-05

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP05290523A Not-in-force EP1574680B1 (de) 2004-03-11 2005-03-08 Abgasreinigungsanlage für die Brennkraftmachine eines Fahrzeuges und Abgasstrecke mit einer solchen Anlage

Country Status (4)

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EP (1) EP1574680B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE413519T1 (de)
DE (1) DE602005010770D1 (de)
FR (1) FR2867510B1 (de)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
RU199195U1 (ru) * 2020-03-12 2020-08-21 Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "Научные развлечения" Плазменный нейтрализатор токсичных газов
RU2764684C1 (ru) * 2021-01-11 2022-01-19 ЗАКРЫТОЕ АКЦИОНЕРНОЕ ОБЩЕСТВО "ЛАЙТТЕК ПЛЮС" (ЗАО "Лайттек Плюс") Устройство для очистки отходящих газов

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4897096A (en) * 1986-03-15 1990-01-30 Fev Motorentechnik Gmbh & Co. Kg. System for the regeneration of a particulate filter trap
US20010017026A1 (en) * 2000-01-28 2001-08-30 Bruce Peters Regenerable particle filter for the removal of soot particles from exhaust gases
DE10057862C1 (de) * 2000-11-21 2002-02-07 Siemens Ag Verfahren zur Verminderung kohlenstoffhaltiger Partikelemissionen von Dieselmotoren und zugehörige Anordnung
FR2830566A1 (fr) * 2001-10-04 2003-04-11 Renault Systeme de traitement des gaz d'echappement d'un moteur a combustion
FR2836397A1 (fr) * 2002-02-27 2003-08-29 Renault Reacteur pour le traitement par plasma d'un flux gazeux, notamment des gaz d'echappement produit par le moteur a combustion interne d'un vehicule automobile
DE10229881A1 (de) * 2002-07-03 2004-01-15 Siemens Ag Plasma-Russfilter

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2830275B1 (fr) 2001-10-01 2004-06-11 Renault Systeme de traitement des gaz d'echappement d'un moteur a combustion

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4897096A (en) * 1986-03-15 1990-01-30 Fev Motorentechnik Gmbh & Co. Kg. System for the regeneration of a particulate filter trap
US20010017026A1 (en) * 2000-01-28 2001-08-30 Bruce Peters Regenerable particle filter for the removal of soot particles from exhaust gases
DE10057862C1 (de) * 2000-11-21 2002-02-07 Siemens Ag Verfahren zur Verminderung kohlenstoffhaltiger Partikelemissionen von Dieselmotoren und zugehörige Anordnung
FR2830566A1 (fr) * 2001-10-04 2003-04-11 Renault Systeme de traitement des gaz d'echappement d'un moteur a combustion
FR2836397A1 (fr) * 2002-02-27 2003-08-29 Renault Reacteur pour le traitement par plasma d'un flux gazeux, notamment des gaz d'echappement produit par le moteur a combustion interne d'un vehicule automobile
DE10229881A1 (de) * 2002-07-03 2004-01-15 Siemens Ag Plasma-Russfilter

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE413519T1 (de) 2008-11-15
DE602005010770D1 (de) 2008-12-18
FR2867510B1 (fr) 2006-10-20
FR2867510A1 (fr) 2005-09-16
EP1574680B1 (de) 2008-11-05

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