EP1573655A1 - Method of determining the living character of an element bearing a fingerprint - Google Patents
Method of determining the living character of an element bearing a fingerprintInfo
- Publication number
- EP1573655A1 EP1573655A1 EP03799635A EP03799635A EP1573655A1 EP 1573655 A1 EP1573655 A1 EP 1573655A1 EP 03799635 A EP03799635 A EP 03799635A EP 03799635 A EP03799635 A EP 03799635A EP 1573655 A1 EP1573655 A1 EP 1573655A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- electrodes
- impedance
- fingerprint
- measurement
- zcd
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06V—IMAGE OR VIDEO RECOGNITION OR UNDERSTANDING
- G06V40/00—Recognition of biometric, human-related or animal-related patterns in image or video data
- G06V40/10—Human or animal bodies, e.g. vehicle occupants or pedestrians; Body parts, e.g. hands
- G06V40/12—Fingerprints or palmprints
- G06V40/13—Sensors therefor
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for verifying the living character of a finger by a fingerprint sensor.
- the invention also relates to the fingerprint sensor allowing the implementation of this method.
- any protected access becomes accessible to my authorized person by a means that only they have.
- One of the ways to limit access to a person is to require that person's fingerprint.
- the image of a person's fingerprint is obtained by a fingerprint sensor. Once the image of the imprint obtained by the sensor, it is transmitted to an image processing unit which compares the image obtained with a bank of image of imprints so as to verify that the imprint taken by the sensor is known. Recognition of the fingerprint by the image processing unit then gives the person to whom the fingerprint corresponds access to what they are looking for.
- the object of the invention is therefore to propose a method for verifying the living character of a finger which ensures with certainty the discrimination between a living finger and an imitation.
- the invention relates to a method for determining the living character of an element carrying a fingerprint, consisting in carrying out impedance measurements at different points of said element using electrodes.
- the method consists in measuring the impedance between two first electrodes of predetermined surface, in measuring the impedance between two second electrodes of predetermined surface and in verifying that the points defined by the impedance values and of surface corresponding to the first and second electrodes belong to the same curve verifying said law of variation.
- the method consists firstly in carrying out a first impedance measurement between two first electrodes of predetermined surface and in determining the curve verifying said law of variation, then in a second step, to carry out a second impedance measurement between two second electrodes of predetermined surface and to verify that the point defined by the impedance and surface values corresponding to the second electrodes belongs to a tolerance zone finding around the predefined curve.
- said second impedance measurement is carried out randomly between two electrodes of the same size or between two electrodes of different sizes.
- said second impedance measurement is carried out alternately between two electrodes of the same size or between two electrodes of different sizes.
- the present invention also relates to a fingerprint sensor allowing the determination of the living character of an element carrying a fingerprint.
- the sensor according to the invention is characterized in that it comprises at least two pairs of electrodes of different surfaces.
- one of said pairs of electrodes consists of two small closely spaced electrodes provided to allow local measurement of the impedance.
- said sensor comprises a first set of four monoblock electrodes with identical surfaces and a second set of two electrodes in the form of interlocking combs with identical surfaces.
- said sensor comprises two sets of four monoblock electrodes and identical surfaces inside the same set.
- said sensor comprises a first set of four monoblock electrodes and identical surfaces, a second set of two monoblock electrodes and identical surfaces and a third set of two electrodes in the form of intersecting combs and surfaces identical.
- said sensor comprises an optical system provided for producing an image of the fingerprint and for determining the surface of the measurement electrodes not entirely covered by the fingerprint.
- Fig.2a shows a schematic top view of a fingerprint sensor whose electrodes are completely covered by a fingerprint
- Fig.2b shows a schematic top view of a fingerprint sensor whose electrodes are partially covered by a fingerprint
- Fig. 3 represents a law of variation of the impedance measured between two electrodes as a function of the surface of these electrodes
- Fig. 4 shows a first embodiment with four electrodes of a fingerprint sensor according to the invention
- Fig. 5 shows a second embodiment with six electrodes of a fingerprint sensor according to the invention.
- Figs. 6 and 7 show a third and a fourth embodiment with eight electrodes of a fingerprint sensor according to the invention.
- the invention relates to a method for verifying the living character of an element carrying a fingerprint by measuring the impedance Z thereof.
- impedance measurement is understood to mean both the measurement of impedance Z in itself and measurements of the type measuring resistance, capacitance, inductance, etc.
- the measurement of the impedance Z is carried out, as shown in FIG. 1, by a fingerprint sensor 1 placed in contact with the element carrying the fingerprint, here represented by a finger D.
- the fingerprint sensor 1 comprises a plate 10 of transparent material, for example glass or transparent plastic, making it optically possible to take the fingerprint D.
- a plate 10 of transparent material for example glass or transparent plastic, making it optically possible to take the fingerprint D.
- Ej is made possible by conductive and transparent connections. These connections 20 also placed in contact with the plate 10 must necessarily be conductive and transparent so as to allow the sensor 1 to ensure both its image sensor function and its function of verifying the living character of the finger.
- the transparency of the connections 20 is preferably obtained by deposition under vacuum of a very thin layer of material, preferably ITO (Indium tin Oxide), of thickness less than one micrometer.
- ITO Indium tin Oxide
- Figs. 2a and 2b there is shown a top view of a fingerprint sensor 1 according to the invention.
- the sensor 2 comprises two electrodes Ea, Eb, of small area and two electrodes Ec, Ed of larger area. These four electrodes are provided to enable the impedance Z of finger D to be measured two by two, which covers them with its imprint 4.
- the impedance Zab is measured between the two smallest electrodes Ea and Eb, then the impedance Zcd between the two largest electrodes Ec and Ed.
- the surface S of the electrodes covered by the imprint 4 is different.
- the surface Sij considered preferably corresponds to the smaller surface of the two surfaces of the electrodes Ei and Ej covered by the fingerprint 4 of the finger D.
- the surface Scd considered will advantageously correspond to the surface of one of the electrodes Ec or Ed. If as shown in FIG. 2b the imprint 4 does not entirely cover the electrodes Ec and Ed, the surface Scd considered will then advantageously correspond to the smallest of the areas Ac or Ad covered by the imprint 4 of the finger D.
- a second step we check that the impedance Z is constant over the whole of the finger D. For this, we measure the impedance Zcd between the two large electrodes Ec and Ed. Again knowing the surface Scd of the large electrodes Ec and Ed, we are able to place a point Pcd on the graph of FIG. 3. If the point Pcd obtained by this second measurement is located in a tolerance zone T surrounding the curve C, we will consider that the law is verified for this second point Pcd and therefore that the finger is alive.
- the implementation of the method involves the use of a fingerprint sensor 1.
- a fingerprint sensor 1 Several embodiments of the sensor 1 according to the invention are proposed. These different embodiments are shown in Figs. 4, 5, 6 and 7.
- FIG. 4 there is shown a first embodiment of the fingerprint sensor according to the invention.
- the sensor 1 comprises two small electrodes Ea, Eb and two large electrodes Ec, Ed, ie two sets of two electrodes with identical surfaces inside the same set.
- Each of the electrodes is connected by a connection 20 preferably made of ITO (Indium Tin Oxide) to a device for measuring the impedance Z.
- ITO Indium Tin Oxide
- An essential characteristic of the invention verified for all the embodiments of the sensor is the random nature of the impedance measurements.
- randomness is meant the possibility of carrying out impedance measurements both between two small electrodes and between a small electrode and a large electrode and of being able to invert the electrodes serving for the measurement of the impedance so as to foil d '' possible forgers who would have understood the operation of the sensor.
- a third impedance measurement can therefore be carried out, for example alternately for every other finger, between the electrodes Ec and Ea and then between the electrodes Ed and Eb. This third measurement confirms the second measurement.
- FIG. 5 a second embodiment of a fingerprint sensor according to the invention comprising six measurement electrodes.
- these six electrodes there are four large electrodes Ec, Ed, Ee and Ef and two small electrodes Ea and Eb, i.e. a first set of four monoblock electrodes with identical surfaces and a second set of two electrodes in the form of interlocking combs of identical surfaces.
- the two small electrodes each consist of two parts of electrodes electrically connected by a cord of conductive material advantageously made of ITO.
- the two parts of the same electrode are separated by a part of the other electrode so as to measure a very localized and precise impedance.
- the impedance measurements are carried out as follows.
- the impedance Zab is measured between the small electrodes Ea, Eb and a second and third impedances are measured, ie between two of the large electrodes, for example between the electrodes Ec and Ee (Zce) then Ef and Ed (Zfd), if these electrodes are covered by the finger D, or in the opposite case, between a large electrode and a small electrode, for example between Ec and Ea (Zac) and between Ee and Eb (Zeb).
- the sensor 1 comprises two sets of four monoblock electrodes and identical surfaces inside the same set, while in the fourth embodiment embodiment, the sensor 1 comprises a first set of four monoblock electrodes and identical surfaces, a second set of two monoblock electrodes and identical surfaces and a third set of two electrodes in the form of intersecting combs and identical surfaces.
- the impedance Z measurements for both of the embodiments are carried out identically.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Human Computer Interaction (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Multimedia (AREA)
- Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
- Measurement Of The Respiration, Hearing Ability, Form, And Blood Characteristics Of Living Organisms (AREA)
- Image Input (AREA)
- Measurement Of Length, Angles, Or The Like Using Electric Or Magnetic Means (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR0216735A FR2849244B1 (en) | 2002-12-20 | 2002-12-20 | METHOD FOR DETERMINING THE LIVING CHARACTER OF A CARRIER COMPONENT OF A DIGITAL IMPRINT |
FR0216735 | 2002-12-20 | ||
PCT/FR2003/003803 WO2004061757A1 (en) | 2002-12-20 | 2003-12-19 | Method of determining the living character of an element bearing a fingerprint |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1573655A1 true EP1573655A1 (en) | 2005-09-14 |
Family
ID=32406533
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP03799635A Ceased EP1573655A1 (en) | 2002-12-20 | 2003-12-19 | Method of determining the living character of an element bearing a fingerprint |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US7567690B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1573655A1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN100363937C (en) |
AU (1) | AU2003299353A1 (en) |
FR (1) | FR2849244B1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2004061757A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2897966B1 (en) | 2006-02-24 | 2008-05-16 | Sagem Defense Securite | CONTACTLESS BIODETECTOR |
FR2907940B1 (en) | 2006-10-25 | 2009-05-01 | Sagem Defense Securite | METHOD FOR VALIDATION OF BODY FOOTPRINT CAPTURE, IN PARTICULAR A DIGITAL IMPRINT |
CA2742379A1 (en) * | 2008-11-03 | 2010-05-06 | Cross Match Technologies, Inc. | Apparatus and method for the identification of fake fingerprints |
US20120321149A1 (en) | 2011-05-17 | 2012-12-20 | Carver John F | Fingerprint sensors |
US10024655B2 (en) | 2011-11-11 | 2018-07-17 | Cross Match Technologies, Inc. | Ambient light rejection for non-imaging contact sensors |
KR101981730B1 (en) | 2011-11-12 | 2019-05-23 | 크로스 매치 테크놀로지스, 인크. | Ambient light illumination for non-imaging contact sensors |
NO340311B1 (en) * | 2013-02-22 | 2017-03-27 | Idex Asa | INTEGRATED FINGER PRINT SENSOR |
US9442599B2 (en) * | 2013-07-25 | 2016-09-13 | Atmel Corporation | System and method for using signals resulting from signal transmission in a touch sensor |
CN105981049A (en) * | 2014-02-25 | 2016-09-28 | Hid环球公司 | Bioimpedance spoof detection |
FR3047588B1 (en) | 2016-02-09 | 2019-04-12 | Morpho | BIOMETRIC IMAGE PROCESSING METHOD |
CN207817731U (en) * | 2016-11-01 | 2018-09-04 | 深圳信炜科技有限公司 | Electronic equipment |
RU2637468C1 (en) * | 2016-12-26 | 2017-12-04 | Самсунг Электроникс Ко., Лтд. | Method of recognizing living tissue and relevant device (versions) |
US11531756B1 (en) | 2017-03-20 | 2022-12-20 | Hid Global Corporation | Apparatus for directing presentation attack detection in biometric scanners |
Family Cites Families (26)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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TW241352B (en) * | 1994-03-30 | 1995-02-21 | Whitaker Corp | Reflective mode ultrasonic touch sensitive switch |
TW303441B (en) * | 1995-03-29 | 1997-04-21 | Trw Inc | |
HU214533B (en) * | 1995-10-06 | 1998-03-30 | Dermo Corporation Ltd. | Detector for identifying living character of a finger |
US5987172A (en) * | 1995-12-06 | 1999-11-16 | Cognex Corp. | Edge peak contour tracker |
US5963679A (en) * | 1996-01-26 | 1999-10-05 | Harris Corporation | Electric field fingerprint sensor apparatus and related methods |
US6067368A (en) * | 1996-01-26 | 2000-05-23 | Authentec, Inc. | Fingerprint sensor having filtering and power conserving features and related methods |
JP2962274B2 (en) * | 1997-04-18 | 1999-10-12 | 日本電気株式会社 | Biological identification method and device |
US5953441A (en) * | 1997-05-16 | 1999-09-14 | Harris Corporation | Fingerprint sensor having spoof reduction features and related methods |
US5920640A (en) * | 1997-05-16 | 1999-07-06 | Harris Corporation | Fingerprint sensor and token reader and associated methods |
US6259804B1 (en) * | 1997-05-16 | 2001-07-10 | Authentic, Inc. | Fingerprint sensor with gain control features and associated methods |
US5864296A (en) * | 1997-05-19 | 1999-01-26 | Trw Inc. | Fingerprint detector using ridge resistance sensor |
US6310683B1 (en) * | 1997-08-05 | 2001-10-30 | Casio Computer Co., Ltd. | Apparatus for reading fingerprint |
SE511543C2 (en) * | 1998-02-16 | 1999-10-18 | Fingerprint Cards Ab | Device and method for capacitive sensing of topological variations |
DE69933339T8 (en) * | 1998-07-02 | 2007-09-13 | Nippon Telegraph And Telephone Corp. | Detection device for small capacity changes |
JP2000172833A (en) * | 1998-12-10 | 2000-06-23 | Omron Corp | Finger print collating device |
US6333989B1 (en) * | 1999-03-29 | 2001-12-25 | Dew Engineering And Development Limited | Contact imaging device |
US6282304B1 (en) * | 1999-05-14 | 2001-08-28 | Biolink Technologies International, Inc. | Biometric system for biometric input, comparison, authentication and access control and method therefor |
CA2293118A1 (en) * | 1999-12-24 | 2001-06-24 | Francis Picard | Bolometric fingerprint sensor |
US6292576B1 (en) * | 2000-02-29 | 2001-09-18 | Digital Persona, Inc. | Method and apparatus for distinguishing a human finger from a reproduction of a fingerprint |
US6898301B2 (en) * | 2000-07-10 | 2005-05-24 | Casio Computer Co., Ltd. | Authentication system based on fingerprint and electronic device employed for the system |
US6956608B1 (en) * | 2000-08-11 | 2005-10-18 | Identix Incorporated | Fingerprint imaging device including an optical plate having microreflectors |
US6665428B1 (en) * | 2000-08-28 | 2003-12-16 | Stmicroelectronics, Inc. | Resistive finger detection for fingerprint sensor |
US6501284B1 (en) * | 2000-08-28 | 2002-12-31 | Stmicroelectronics, Inc. | Capacitive finger detection for fingerprint sensor |
JP2002259954A (en) * | 2001-02-28 | 2002-09-13 | Nec Corp | Result displaying device for fingerprint authentication and its result displaying method |
DE10126839A1 (en) * | 2001-06-01 | 2002-12-19 | Infineon Technologies Ag | Fingerprint sensor for personal identification incorporates electrostatic discharge protection and verification that applied finger is living tissue |
JP2003111749A (en) * | 2001-10-09 | 2003-04-15 | Bmf:Kk | Device for discriminating human |
-
2002
- 2002-12-20 FR FR0216735A patent/FR2849244B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
2003
- 2003-12-19 CN CNB200380107149XA patent/CN100363937C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-12-19 US US10/539,822 patent/US7567690B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-12-19 AU AU2003299353A patent/AU2003299353A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2003-12-19 EP EP03799635A patent/EP1573655A1/en not_active Ceased
- 2003-12-19 WO PCT/FR2003/003803 patent/WO2004061757A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
Non-Patent Citations (3)
Title |
---|
DAVIDE MALTONI ET AL: "Handbook of Fingerprint Recognition", 1 January 2003, SPRINGER, pages: 288 - 289, XP055403231 * |
PUTTE VAN DER T ET AL: "BIOMETRICAL FINGERPRINT RECOGNITION: DON'T GET YOUR FINGERS BURNED", SMART CARD RESEARCH AND ADVANCED APPLICATIONS. IFIP WORKINGCONFERENCE ON SMART CARD RESEARCH AND ADVANCED APPLICAT, XX, XX, 20 September 2000 (2000-09-20), pages 289 - 303, XP008023790 * |
See also references of WO2004061757A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN100363937C (en) | 2008-01-23 |
FR2849244A1 (en) | 2004-06-25 |
WO2004061757A1 (en) | 2004-07-22 |
US7567690B2 (en) | 2009-07-28 |
CN1729472A (en) | 2006-02-01 |
AU2003299353A1 (en) | 2004-07-29 |
FR2849244B1 (en) | 2006-03-10 |
US20060140456A1 (en) | 2006-06-29 |
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Legal Events
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Inventor name: FONDEUR, JEAN-CHRISTOPHE Inventor name: LAMBERT, LAURENT Inventor name: FOURRE, JOEL-YANN |
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