EP1573192A1 - Machine a combustion interne avec autoallumage - Google Patents

Machine a combustion interne avec autoallumage

Info

Publication number
EP1573192A1
EP1573192A1 EP03779965A EP03779965A EP1573192A1 EP 1573192 A1 EP1573192 A1 EP 1573192A1 EP 03779965 A EP03779965 A EP 03779965A EP 03779965 A EP03779965 A EP 03779965A EP 1573192 A1 EP1573192 A1 EP 1573192A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
recess
fuel
cylinder head
combustion chamber
piston
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP03779965A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Herbert Zöller
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Daimler AG
Original Assignee
DaimlerChrysler AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by DaimlerChrysler AG filed Critical DaimlerChrysler AG
Publication of EP1573192A1 publication Critical patent/EP1573192A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B23/00—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation
    • F02B23/02—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition
    • F02B23/06—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition the combustion space being arranged in working piston
    • F02B23/0696—W-piston bowl, i.e. the combustion space having a central projection pointing towards the cylinder head and the surrounding wall being inclined towards the cylinder wall
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B23/00—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation
    • F02B23/02—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition
    • F02B23/04—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition the combustion space being subdivided into two or more chambers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B23/00—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation
    • F02B23/02—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition
    • F02B23/06—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition the combustion space being arranged in working piston
    • F02B23/0618—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition the combustion space being arranged in working piston having in-cylinder means to influence the charge motion
    • F02B23/063—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition the combustion space being arranged in working piston having in-cylinder means to influence the charge motion the combustion space in the piston interacting fluid dynamically with the cylinder head, the injector body or the cylinder wall
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F3/00—Pistons 
    • F02F3/26—Pistons  having combustion chamber in piston head
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B2275/00—Other engines, components or details, not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • F02B2275/14—Direct injection into combustion chamber
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B23/00—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation
    • F02B23/02—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition
    • F02B23/06—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition the combustion space being arranged in working piston
    • F02B23/0618—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition the combustion space being arranged in working piston having in-cylinder means to influence the charge motion
    • F02B23/0621—Squish flow
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B23/00—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation
    • F02B23/02—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition
    • F02B23/06—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition the combustion space being arranged in working piston
    • F02B23/0645—Details related to the fuel injector or the fuel spray
    • F02B23/0648—Means or methods to improve the spray dispersion, evaporation or ignition
    • F02B23/0651—Means or methods to improve the spray dispersion, evaporation or ignition the fuel spray impinging on reflecting surfaces or being specially guided throughout the combustion space
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B23/00—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation
    • F02B23/02—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition
    • F02B23/06—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition the combustion space being arranged in working piston
    • F02B23/0645—Details related to the fuel injector or the fuel spray
    • F02B23/0669—Details related to the fuel injector or the fuel spray having multiple fuel spray jets per injector nozzle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B3/00—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition
    • F02B3/06—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition with compression ignition
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an internal combustion engine with direct fuel injection with the features of the preamble of claim 1.
  • the fuel is injected directly into the combustion chamber by means of an injection nozzle in the form of several fuel jets in such a way that the fuel hits the piston crown and is then distributed in the combustion chamber.
  • a piston bowl is provided in the piston crown today, which influences the distribution of the fuel in the combustion chamber. As a result, the mixing of the fuel introduced into the combustion chamber with the combustion air can be improved.
  • a combustion chamber of a diesel engine with direct injection in which the piston has a trough in which a recess is provided in the trough wall in order to detach the fuel in the circumferential direction of the trough as quickly as possible from the trough wall.
  • the reflected fuel in the combustion chamber is deflected towards the cylinder head, so that emissions and soot particles remain high.
  • the invention has for its object to develop an internal combustion engine with direct injection according to the preamble of claim 1 so that an improved Zer- Dusting of fuel in the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine is achieved.
  • the internal combustion engine according to the invention is characterized by a cylinder, a combustion chamber which is delimited by a cylinder head and a piston having a piston recess, and a fuel injection device with which fuel is introduced directly into the combustion chamber, so that at least some of the fuel is applied to the piston recess strikes, with at least one recess being arranged on the combustion chamber-side cylinder head surface.
  • the fuel components reflected by the piston are atomized further in the direction of the cylinder head within the recess or through the recess. This minimizes wetting of the surface of the cylinder head on the combustion chamber with fuel during combustion, thus reducing the particle emissions.
  • the recess is arranged on the cylinder head surface on the combustion chamber in such a way that at least part of the fuel introduced into the combustion chamber is reflected by the piston recess in the direction of the cylinder head and is at least partially deflected in the direction of the recess.
  • a further embodiment of the invention is at least one recess on the combustion chamber side cylinder head ⁇ surface arranged above a bowl edge area of the piston recess. Since the fuel components reflected in the direction of the cylinder head are predominantly deflected or scattered from a trough edge region in the direction of the cylinder head, it is very advantageous to provide the recess in the region into which the fuel components reach.
  • the arrangement of the recess is preferably such that a center line of the recess coincides with a center line of the piston bowl rim. The deflection of the reflected fuel into the interior of the recesses further increases the atomization of the deflected fuel components when the fuel is injected into the combustion chamber in the form of several fuel jets.
  • several recesses are arranged on the cylinder head surface on the combustion chamber side.
  • several recesses are provided. They are arranged in such a way that the deflected fuel components from each jet at least partially get into at least one of the recesses.
  • these fuel components are mixed or atomized and vaporized more intensively with combustion air, so that they can participate in the combustion without any notable formation of soot particles.
  • the shape of the recess in cross section is preferably designed as part of a circle and / or an ellipse, wherein the recess in cross section can likewise or alternatively be formed as part of a polygon.
  • the recess preferably has a depth of between 1 and 10 millimeters. Further characteristics and combinations of characteristics result from the description. Specific exemplary embodiments of the invention are shown in simplified form in the drawings and are explained in more detail in the description below. Show it:
  • FIG. 1 shows a cross section of a combustion chamber of a direct-injection internal combustion engine with auto-ignition
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic top view of a combustion head-side cylinder head surface of the internal combustion engine according to FIG. 1,
  • Fig. 3a shows a section along the section line A-A
  • Fig. 3b shows a section along the section line B-B
  • FIG. 4 shows a schematic cross section of a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine with direct fuel injection
  • FIG. 6 shows a plan view of a second embodiment of a cylinder head surface on the combustion chamber side.
  • An exemplary self-igniting internal combustion engine with direct fuel injection has at least one cylinder, in which a combustion chamber 4 is located between one in the cylinder slidably held piston 2 and a cylinder head 1 is formed.
  • the internal combustion engine works on the 4-stroke principle.
  • combustion air is supplied to the combustion chamber 4 via two inlet valves 8, the piston 4 moving in a downward movement to a bottom dead center.
  • the piston 4 moves in an upward movement such that the combustion air is compressed and at the end of the compression stroke, the fuel is injected into the combustion chamber by means of a fuel injection nozzle 5 arranged in the combustion chamber.
  • the fuel injection nozzle 5 is designed as a multi-hole injection nozzle, which is preferably arranged centrally in the cylinder head 1.
  • the fuel injection nozzle 5 is controlled by an electronic control unit (not shown) via a signal line (not shown) and an actuator, for example a piezo actuator.
  • the piston then expands in a third expansion stroke before the exhaust gases formed during combustion are pushed out of the combustion chamber 4 via an exhaust valve 7 in a subsequent fourth stroke.
  • a recess 6 arranged on the cylinder head surface la on the combustion chamber serves to ensure that part of the fuel introduced into the combustion chamber and reflected by the piston recess 3 in the direction of the cylinder head 1 is received there by the recess 6, so that the deflected fuel is still homogenized before combustion is guaranteed. It is therefore advantageous to cut the recess 6 in the cylinder head 1 or to be positioned above a piston area from which the fuel is deflected in the direction of the cylinder head 1.
  • the recess 6 is arranged on the cylinder head surface la on the combustion chamber side above a bowl edge region 3a of the piston bowl 3.
  • the recess 6 is arranged on the cylinder head surface la on the combustion chamber side, wherein several recesses can be made.
  • the fuel injection nozzle 5 is designed as a multi-hole nozzle. 4 with a position of the piston at the end of the compression stroke on the deflecting wall of the piston recess 3, so that the deflected fuel 10 mixes partly with the combustion air within the piston recess and on the other side is reflected in the direction of the recess 6, as a result of which the fuel components deflected in the direction of the cylinder head 1 are further homogenized within or by a swirl formed by the recess 6.
  • the fuel injection can be clocked, alternatively a fuel pre-injection can be carried out during the intake stroke and / or in the compression stroke. It is conceivable that a pre-injection is carried out, which can also be clocked. Due to the mixture formation of a pre-injected fuel quantity achieved in the intake stroke and / or compression stroke, significant soot formation is avoided during combustion with a high excess of air, since the fuel is distributed finely and over a wide area in the entire combustion chamber. In the case of a further main injection, the piston bowl shape, in cooperation with the recesses provided, causes the deflected fuel components to experience a further intensive and turbulent mixing within the recesses. As a result, the homogenization of the reflected fuel components in Direction of the cylinder head ensures that soot formation is significantly reduced for the combustion phase of the main injection.
  • a swirl is provided for the intake of combustion air, which increases the atomization and the homogenization of the fuel.
  • the combustion air is compressed between an edge region of the piston crown, where there is no recess in the piston crown 2a, and the cylinder head 1 with the aid of a pinch gap 15a and at the same time is displaced into the central region of the combustion chamber 4, that there is further intensification of fuel atomization.
  • the transition areas of the recess 6 in the direction of the squeezing flow 15 to a cylinder head surface la on the combustion chamber side are provided with radii 6a, so that the compressed combustion air displaced in the direction of the center of the combustion chamber 4 is free of interference can flow along the combustion chamber-side cylinder head surface la in the direction of the center of the combustion chamber 4.
  • FIG. 4 shows how the injected fuel jets 9 are partly deflected into the interior of the piston recess 3, partly in the form of a first fuel cloud 10, and partly in the form of a further fuel cloud 10a in the direction of the cylinder head.
  • these fuel cloud components are deflected by a trough edge region of the trough wall 3a into the interior of the recess 6 and are further mixed there with combustion air . It is advantageous if a center line 6b of the recess 6 coincides with a tangent 3b or a center line of the piston skirt edge 3a or is at least not more than five millimeters apart.
  • the fuel is introduced into the combustion chamber in the form of a plurality of fuel jets, it is advantageous to arrange a plurality of recesses in the cylinder head according to FIG. 6 such that the fuel reflected by the piston 2 in the direction of the cylinder head 1 is at least partially reflected into the interior of the recesses 6.
  • the recesses 6 extend above the areas from which the fuel is deflected in the direction of the cylinder head 1.
  • the recesses 6 can be located in the immediate vicinity of the valve seat areas arranged in the cylinder head 1.
  • the recesses provided in the cylinder head can have different shapes and different shapes according to FIGS. 5a-5d.
  • the shape of the recess can be semicircular in cross section. However, it is conceivable to design the shape of the recess in cross section as part of a polygon. Furthermore, the shape of the recess can be circular in a plan view. Alternatively, it is also conceivable for the shape of the recess to be elliptical in a plan view. The shape of the recess can also be polygonal in a plan view.
  • the recess preferably has a maximum depth t of between 1 and 10 millimeters.
  • the invention is based on an internal combustion engine in which the fuel is injected directly into the combustion chamber by means of a fuel injection nozzle 5 in the form of a plurality of fuel jets 9, the wetting of the cylinder head surface on the combustion chamber side being minimized by the provision of recesses. It arrives Part of the fuel which is reflected by the piston in the direction of the cylinder head when the piston is in a position during a compression and / or expansion stroke, at least partially into the recesses.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Combustion Methods Of Internal-Combustion Engines (AREA)
  • Cylinder Crankcases Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne une machine à combustion interne avec autoallumage. Le carburant est injecté par un gicleur sous forme de plusieurs jets de carburant directement dans la chambre de combustion (4). Le mouillage de la surface de culasse (1a), côté chambre de combustion, est réduit au minimum par la réalisation d'évidements (6). Ainsi, une partie du carburant qui est réfléchie par le piston en direction de la culasse de cylindre (1) lorsque le piston (2) est dans une certaine position lors d'une course de compression et/ou d'expansion, entre au moins partiellement dans les évidements (6).
EP03779965A 2002-12-20 2003-11-18 Machine a combustion interne avec autoallumage Withdrawn EP1573192A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10261181 2002-12-20
DE10261181A DE10261181A1 (de) 2002-12-20 2002-12-20 Brennkraftmaschine mit Selbstzündung
PCT/EP2003/012872 WO2004059154A1 (fr) 2002-12-20 2003-11-18 Machine a combustion interne avec autoallumage

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1573192A1 true EP1573192A1 (fr) 2005-09-14

Family

ID=32404321

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP03779965A Withdrawn EP1573192A1 (fr) 2002-12-20 2003-11-18 Machine a combustion interne avec autoallumage

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US7073478B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP1573192A1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2006510844A (fr)
DE (1) DE10261181A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2004059154A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7111593B2 (en) * 2004-01-29 2006-09-26 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Engine control to compensate for fueling dynamics
US7353797B1 (en) 2007-02-28 2008-04-08 University Of Washington Combustion chamber for internal combustion engine
DE102007031581A1 (de) * 2007-07-06 2009-01-08 Ks Kolbenschmidt Gmbh Kolben einer Brennkraftmaschine mit einer erhöhten Schrägstellung der Kastenwände des Kolbens
CN102032036B (zh) * 2010-12-10 2013-03-27 中国第一汽车集团公司 重型柴油机用双唇口燃烧室
CN102661193B (zh) * 2012-05-16 2013-09-04 大连理工大学 直喷式柴油机双层分流燃烧系统
KR101996085B1 (ko) * 2012-09-14 2019-07-03 두산인프라코어 주식회사 질소 산화물 저감을 위한 직접 분사식 디젤 엔진의 연소실
WO2016186620A1 (fr) 2015-05-15 2016-11-24 Cummins Inc. Appareil vérin de commande permettant de réduire les émissions d'hydrocarbures imbrûlés

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JPS61283719A (ja) * 1985-06-11 1986-12-13 Nissan Motor Co Ltd デイ−ゼルエンジンの燃焼室
JPH05141244A (ja) * 1991-11-18 1993-06-08 Hino Motors Ltd 直接噴射式デイーゼルエンジン

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US2076030A (en) * 1929-08-05 1937-04-06 Maschf Augsburg Nuernberg Ag Injection combustion power machine with jet atomization and auxiliary chamber
US2505999A (en) * 1944-09-22 1950-05-02 Frank J Smith Diesel engine for aircraft
DE1751370A1 (de) * 1968-05-17 1971-07-08 Daimler Benz Ag Gemischansaugende Brennkraftmaschine mit im Brennraum kreisender Ladung
JPS58170820A (ja) * 1982-03-31 1983-10-07 Sanshin Ind Co Ltd ２サイクル内燃機関
DE294092T1 (de) * 1987-05-30 1989-04-20 Isuzu Motors Ltd., Tokio/Tokyo, Jp Waermeisolierter brennkraftmaschinenaufbau.
CN1015395B (zh) * 1988-02-08 1992-02-05 胡国栋 柴油机直接喷射式燃烧室装置
JPH01267351A (ja) * 1988-04-19 1989-10-25 Mazda Motor Corp 直噴ディーゼルエンジン
JPH0765509B2 (ja) * 1989-04-07 1995-07-19 日産自動車株式会社 渦流室式ディーゼル機関の燃焼室
JP2501886Y2 (ja) * 1989-12-21 1996-06-19 トヨタ自動車株式会社 直噴式ディ―ゼル機関の燃焼室
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FR2723763A1 (fr) * 1994-08-19 1996-02-23 Lemaitre Patrick Louis Rene Moteurs "diesel" ou "semi-diesel ameliores", a injection directe a hautes turbulences, restant chauds a l'arret.
JPH10141063A (ja) * 1996-11-14 1998-05-26 Isuzu Motors Ltd 直噴式ディーゼルエンジンにおける燃焼室構造
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS61283719A (ja) * 1985-06-11 1986-12-13 Nissan Motor Co Ltd デイ−ゼルエンジンの燃焼室
JPH05141244A (ja) * 1991-11-18 1993-06-08 Hino Motors Ltd 直接噴射式デイーゼルエンジン

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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Title
See also references of WO2004059154A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2004059154A1 (fr) 2004-07-15
US7073478B2 (en) 2006-07-11
US20050229897A1 (en) 2005-10-20
DE10261181A1 (de) 2004-07-01
JP2006510844A (ja) 2006-03-30

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