Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
  • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
  • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines
  • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
  • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
  • B60K6/36—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings
  • B60K6/365—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings with the gears having orbital motion
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
  • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
  • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines
  • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
  • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
  • B60K6/44—Series-parallel type
  • B60K6/445—Differential gearing distribution type
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
  • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
  • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines
  • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
  • B60K6/50—Architecture of the driveline characterised by arrangement or kind of transmission units
  • B60K6/54—Transmission for changing ratio
  • B60K6/547—Transmission for changing ratio the transmission being a stepped gearing
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
  • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
  • B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
  • B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
  • B60L50/60—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries
  • B60L50/61—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries by batteries charged by engine-driven generators, e.g. series hybrid electric vehicles
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
  • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
  • B60L2250/00—Driver interactions
  • B60L2250/18—Driver interactions by enquiring driving style
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
  • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
  • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
  • Y02T10/62—Hybrid vehicles
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
  • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
  • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
  • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
  • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
  • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
  • Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
  • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
  • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
  • Y02T10/72—Electric energy management in electromobility

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a system for regulating the movement transmission device for a motor vehicle.
• an electrical regulation system intended for a power transmission device - or "traction chain" - between, on the one hand, a heat engine and / or electric machines and, on the other hand , the driving wheels of a motor vehicle, the vehicle in question comprising, in addition to the traditional heat engine, a pair of electric machines.
• a mechanical assembly connects the heat engine and the two electrical machines while a connecting device ensures the passage of electrical power between the two electrical machines.
• One such system which normally requires the presence of a high-voltage battery, also makes it possible to operate one of the electrical machines in "generator” mode while the other operates in “motor” mode, so that, in certain driving conditions (especially in the deceleration phase), power that would normally have been lost is recovered by the battery fitted to the vehicle, via the generator.
• a computer controls a command and control circuit for the various engines as a function, on the one hand, of predetermined instructions (mapping) and, on the other hand, of the actual conditions of driving in real time, these conditions being known to him thanks to appropriate sensors capable of measuring various relevant parameters in the matter, such as, for example, the speed of the driving wheels, the speed and / or acceleration of the vehicle, the degree of depressing of the pedals accelerator and brake, the speed and torque of the engine, as well as the speed and torque of each of the two electric machines.
• a connecting device located between the two electrical machines ensures a direct passage of power from one machine to another, without any intermediate element for storing or releasing significant energy; this connecting device is controlled in such a way that the power generated by one of the two electric machines is immediately consumed by the other, and so that the two electric machines meet the needs of the traction chain.
• the connection ensuring the transfer of electrical energy between the two electrical machines is made by means of two static energy converters in the form of two inverters, each of them being associated with an electrical machine. These two inverters are connected to each other via their DC power supplies, connected to a bus whose voltage between the two lines must be kept at a constant value.
• the heat engine is connected to the two electric machines by means of a mechanical assembly which consists of a train of planetary gears.
• the torque of the other machine remains subject to the mechanical objectives of the transmission, depending on the needs of the traction chain.
• a variable referenced 20
• this patent application page 11, line 31 to page 12, line 7
• the possibility of reversing this control so that it is then the variator machine 20 which is controlled by the error measurement of tension, while the traction machine 30 is controlled according to the needs of the traction chain.
• the torque control induced by the error signal can successively and selectively apply to one or the other of the two machines 20-30.
• P ⁇ is the power corresponding to losses by electrical machines and by the use made of them in the rest of the vehicle;
• Ca and Cb are the values of the torques delivered respectively by each of the two electric machines; This and. ⁇ b are the values of the speeds (rotational speeds) of each of the two electric machines;
• C is the value of the capacitance of the capacitor
• V is the voltage across the capacitor; dV / dt is the time derivative of this voltage.
• the error signal must therefore act on Ca.
• M Function, Cb), from which we can permanently derive the values of Ca and Cb, this at by means of an ad hoc control circuit, called an electrical regulation module, which receives mechanical and electrical instructions and which controls the torque of each of the two electrical machines via the inverter associated with them.
• the objective of the invention is therefore to propose a regulation system of the kind described above which ensures that the voltage across the terminals of the capacitor is permanently maintained at a determined reference value, called “voltage reference value", while being able to act on the torque of each of the two electric machines, either separately or simultaneously, and in any case continuously, in response to the error signal resulting from the comparison of the effective value of this voltage by compared to the set value.
• the object of the invention is therefore an electrical regulation system of a power transmission device between, on the one hand, the heat engine and a pair of electric machines equipping a motor vehicle and, on the other hand, its driving wheels, the heat engine being connected to the two electrical machines by means of a mechanical assembly, for example to two planetary gear trains, while an electrical connection device located between the two electrical machines ensures a direct passage of power from one machine to another, without any significant intermediate storage or release of energy, this connection device being controlled in such a way that the power generated by one of the two electric machines is immediately consumed by the other, and so that the two electrical machines meet the needs of the traction chain, the link ensuring the transfer of electrical energy between the two electrical machines being made by means of two inverters, each of them being associated with an electrical machine, these two inverters being connected to a bus, the two lines of which are connected by a capacitor.
• This system is remarkable in that, on the one hand, it is adapted to ensure that the voltage at the terminals of the capacitor is permanently maintained at a determined reference value, called “voltage reference value", and that, on the other hand, it is capable of acting on the torque of each of the two electric machines, either separately or simultaneously, and in any case continuously, in response to the error signal resulting from the comparison of the effective value of this voltage with respect to said setpoint.
• a value ⁇ comes from a correcting device from the error on the voltage value of the capacitor relative to the setpoint;
• the regulation is carried out by the resolution, that is to say of a system of two equations with two unknowns Ca and Cb, Ca and Cb being the values of the couples delivered respectively by each of the two electric machines, when these machines are not in abutment of couple, or of a system comprising an equation and an inequality with two unknowns Ca and Cb in the other cases, so as to permanently ensure that the sum Ca. ⁇ a + Cb. ⁇ b remains permanently equal, or substantially equal, to the value ⁇ , and the value of the controlled mechanical quantity is as close as possible to said mechanical setpoint value M; - the transfer of power between the two electric machines is reversible.
• FIG. 1 very schematically shows a transmission device for a motor vehicle, which is intended for the electrical regulation system according to the invention
• FIG. 2 is a functional diagram illustrating the organization and operation of the regulatory system
• the vehicle comprises a heat engine 1, drive wheels 2, and a pair of electric machines 4a, 4b.
• the heat engine 1 and the two electric machines 4a and 4b are interconnected by means of a mechanical assembly 3.
• the latter can in particular be composed of two epicyclic gear trains associated with a mechanical switching device, as explained in the aforementioned application No. 01 15050, to which reference may be made if necessary, both in terms of its structure and its operation.
• the heat engine 1 and the two electric machines 4a and 4b are connected to the mechanical assembly 3 via their respective output shafts 10, 40a and 40b.
• the output shaft 20 of the mechanical assembly 3 controls the drive wheels 2.
• Each electric machine 4a, 4b can equally function as a current generator (when it is rotated by the associated shaft 40) or as a motor (when an electric current is applied to it).
• These electric machines are synchronous alternating current machines, the advantage of which is to be very compact and to present good efficiency. Their rotational speed is substantially proportional to the frequency of the supply current. As an indication, this frequency is around 10 kHz.
• the two inverters 5a and 5b are connected to each other, via their continuous supply lines 60a-61a and 60b-61b to a bus 6, the two lines of which bear the references 60 and 61.
• this connection device does not include any power battery.
• the sum of the two continuous electrical powers of the two inverters 5a and 5b must be zero or else, any electrical power generated by one of the inverters and supplied to the bus 6 must be immediately consumed by the other inverter.
• V the voltage between lines 60 and 61 of the bus must be maintained at a constant value V, for example equal to 400 volts.
• V a nominal working value which is suitable for an assembly formed by an inverter and an electric machine suitable for this application.
• a capacitor 62 interposed between the two inverters 61a, 61b and connected to the lines 60 and 61 makes it possible to ensure a small storage of energy between the two inverters, necessary for their operation.
• the capacitor 62 has a capacity of the order of lOOO ⁇ F (microFarads).
• capacitors can be used, such as, in particular, of the electrochemical, film dielectric, or ceramic type.
• the bus 6 is connected to a high voltage - low voltage converter 7 associated with the service battery, of much lower voltage, for example of 42 volts.
• the converter 7 charges the battery.
• This battery is protected from high voltage by diodes 71-72.
• a command and control device 8 which will be called an “electrical regulation module”, makes it possible to act on each of the inverters 5a, 5b, via control links 86a, 86b, shown in dashed arrows in FIG. 1 Its actions consist in imposing on the machine 4a, 4b associated with each inverter, when it is operating in motor mode, given values of torque and speed; these parameters are functions, respectively, of the intensity and the frequency of the alternating current supplied to the machine by the inverter.
• the device 8 receives instructions from the outside, by input lines 850, 901, also shown in dashed arrows in FIG. 1.
• the rectangle 9 symbolizes the mechanical regulation device.
• This input 901 provides a setpoint M, called a "mechanical setpoint" to the device 8.
• the setpoint can relate to the couple Ca, to the couple Cb, or a combination of these two couples. It is a function of the needs of the traction line and aims, as a function of these needs, to make the power required to pass through the electrical bypass to obtain the mechanical characteristics desired by the system.
• the other input 850 of the electrical regulation module 8 provides the latter with a setpoint ⁇ , called “electrical setpoint”, corresponding to the value of the sum "Ca. ⁇ a + Cb. ⁇ b".
• the module 8 imposes on each of the motors 4a, 4b, a reference torque "Ref Ca", respectively " Ref Cb ", via outputs 86a and 86b, this naturally by controlling the inverters associated with said machines.
• the couples Ca and Cb are transmitted to the mechanical assembly 3, just like the couple Cth delivered by the heat engine 1.
• the modules 80a - 80b and 81 are a representation of the electrical power balance at the level of the capacitor.
• the power P ⁇ is the lost power corresponding to the total of the losses dissipated in the electric machines and the losses in consumption resulting from the use which is made of it in the rest of the vehicle (for lighting, the car radio, etc.).
• the effective voltage V measured at the terminals of the capacitor is represented at the output of the module 83 by the successive divisions of the power P by the voltage V (operator 82) and by the capacity C (operator 83).
• This value is sent to a comparator 84 which compares it with the reference value, equal to the desired reference voltage Vref across the capacitor. In the event of an error, i.e. a difference between the values of V and
• a correction device 85 for example of the type
• integral proportional capable of ensuring good overall stability of the control loop, modifies the setpoint ⁇ , so that these values become equal again.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Transportation (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Sustainable Development (AREA)
• Sustainable Energy (AREA)
• Power Engineering (AREA)
• Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
• Hybrid Electric Vehicles (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

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• 2002
  • 2002-11-29 FR FR0215006A patent/FR2847858B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 2003
  • 2003-11-25 WO PCT/FR2003/003477 patent/WO2004050414A2/fr not_active Ceased
  • 2003-11-25 JP JP2004556419A patent/JP2006507983A/ja active Pending
  • 2003-11-25 EP EP03789492A patent/EP1565340A2/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 2003-11-25 US US10/536,969 patent/US7298104B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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