EP1564843A1 - Zirkular polarisierte Gruppenantenne - Google Patents
Zirkular polarisierte Gruppenantenne Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1564843A1 EP1564843A1 EP04003076A EP04003076A EP1564843A1 EP 1564843 A1 EP1564843 A1 EP 1564843A1 EP 04003076 A EP04003076 A EP 04003076A EP 04003076 A EP04003076 A EP 04003076A EP 1564843 A1 EP1564843 A1 EP 1564843A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- feeding lines
- array antenna
- groups
- patches
- feeding
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Images
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/06—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
- H01Q21/061—Two dimensional planar arrays
- H01Q21/064—Two dimensional planar arrays using horn or slot aerials
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q19/00—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic
- H01Q19/02—Details
- H01Q19/021—Means for reducing undesirable effects
- H01Q19/026—Means for reducing undesirable effects for reducing the primary feed spill-over
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/0006—Particular feeding systems
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/06—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
- H01Q21/061—Two dimensional planar arrays
- H01Q21/065—Patch antenna array
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/06—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
- H01Q21/22—Antenna units of the array energised non-uniformly in amplitude or phase, e.g. tapered array or binomial array
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/24—Combinations of antenna units polarised in different directions for transmitting or receiving circularly and elliptically polarised waves or waves linearly polarised in any direction
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/29—Combinations of different interacting antenna units for giving a desired directional characteristic
Definitions
- the invention relates to a circular polarised array antenna according to claim 1, to a method for an array antenna according to claim 8 and to an array antenna according to claim 9.
- CA 2 063 914 discloses a multibeam antenna and a beam forming network comprising a multiple beam or phased array antenna, antenna feeds and electronically beam steering networks. Horn antennas together with multiple dielectric resonators are added to form a radiator. The disadvantage of this antenna is its complexity as it requires two feeding lines for each radiator. Further, it does not provide manufacturing easiness for its horn installation.
- a circular polarised array antenna comprising groups of at least one patch for radiating and/or receiving a circular polarised electromagnetic wave, a network of feeding lines, each feeding line being coupled to and extending longitudinally or vertically to one of the patches for transferring signal energy to and/or from the patch, whereby each group of feeding lines being coupled to a group of patches is pointing into a direction different from the pointing direction of the other groups of feedings lines in order to achieve a circular orientation of the network of feeding lines and respectively to adjacent groups of feeding lines include the same angle.
- a method for an array antenna comprising the steps of radiating and/or receiving a circular polarised electromagnetic wave by groups of at least one patch, providing a network of feeding lines, each feeding line being coupled to and extending longitudinally or vertically to one of the patches for transferring signal energy to and/or from the patch, arranging each group of feeding lines being coupled to a group of patches in a way that each group of feeding lines has a pointing direction different from the pointing direction of the other groups of feeding lines in order to achieve a circular orientation of the network of feeding lines and arranging respectively to adjacent groups of feeding lines in a way that they include the same angle.
- an array antenna comprising patches for radiating and/or receiving a circular polarised electromagnetic wave and horn antennas, each horn antenna added to one of the patches in order to keep the same circular polarisation and increase gain, whereby the horn antennas are arranged in groups of at least one horn antenna and each group of horn antennas has a beaming direction different from the beaming direction of the other groups of horn antennas.
- the angle between the pointing directions of two adjacent groups of feeding lines is equal to 360 degrees divided by the number of groups of feeding lines.
- the phase between two adjacent groups of feeding lines is equal to 360 degrees divided by the number of groups of feeding lines.
- the array antenna consists of at least four patches (2) arranged in an quadratic 2x2 array.
- the angle between the pointing directions of two adjacent feeding lines is equal to 90 degrees for improving circular polarisation.
- the phase between two adjacent feeding lines is equal to 90 degrees.
- a horn antenna is added to each of the patches in order to improve gain.
- slots are provided respectively between two horns for suppressing surface waves.
- the axis of the central horns is vertical and the axis of the other horns is tilted, whereby the more the horns are offset from the central horns the more the axis of the respective horns is tilted.
- Fig. 1 shows an array antenna comprising patches 2 for radiating and/or receiving a circular polarised electromagnetic wave, which can be right hand or left hand circular polarised depending on the configuration of the patch and the feeding line 3.
- Each patch 2 has an associated feeding line 3, which is extending longitudinally to the patch 2.
- the feeding line 3 is coupled to the patch 2 and is able to transfer signal energy to and/or from the patch 2.
- Feeding can be done not only by feeding lines which are extended longitudinally or vertically. Feeding can also be done e.g. via a hole in the middle of the patch which connects to a different layer in a multilayer substrate. The most important is, that the relative phase angels at the patches are created correctly.
- each feeding line 3 is different from the pointing directions of the other feeding lines 3.
- a circular orientated feeding network of feeding lines 3 is achieved, which provides additional advantages to the performance of circular polarisation.
- the polarisation direction can be amplified, e.g. a right hand circular polarisation patch together with circular oriented feeding network will result in a radiation more on right hand direction than on left hand. The main beam of undesired polarisation is therefore small, and far away from the desired one.
- This assembly can be used on both single layer and multi-layer array antennas.
- a circular horn or waveguide antenna 4 can be added to each patch 2 in order to keep the circular polarisation performance and to also improve the gain of the whole antenna.
- a horn antenna 4 having a cylindrical or conical shape is placed on every patch 2 of the array antenna.
- slots 5 are provided respectively between two horns 4 in order to avoid cross-coupling or surface-waves which would result in an impact on the antenna performance.
- the array antenna according to Fig. 1 and 2 consists of four patches 2 with feeding lines 3, whereby the pointing directions of two adjacent feeding lines 3 include an angle of 90 degrees. Also the phase between two adjacent feeding lines 3, that means the phase between two signals fed by two adjacent feeding lines 3, include angle of 90 degrees. It is also possible to use a higher number of patches with respective feeding lines 3 having different pointing directions, whereby the angle between the pointing directions of two adjacent feeding 3 lines or the phase between two adjacent feeding lines 3 is equal to 360 degrees divided by the number of feeding lines 3. If e.g. eight patches 2 are provided, then the angle and the phase between two feeding lines 3 will be set to 45 degrees.
- each group 6 of patches consists of 4 patches 2, whereby the whole array antenna consists of four groups 6 of patches 2 having angles between the pointing directions of the groups of feeding lines 3 of 90 degrees.
- the present invention is not limited to patches arranged in a two-dimensional array but may also include a three-dimensional array of patches 2, where the pointing direction of feeding lines 3 put on top of each other are changed.
- every radiating/receiving element has a main beaming direction.
- a sphere coordinate system is introduced.
- the z-axis designates the direction vertically extending from the plane of the antenna.
- the ⁇ and ⁇ angles denote the elevation and azimuth angle in the sphere coordinate system.
- Standard multi-array antennas are designed to have their zero looking angle, that is their main beam direction into the direction of z-axis.
- the looking angle of the beam is changed to different ⁇ and ⁇ angles by use phase-shifting for changing the beam direction. This yields to the problem that the control of unwanted signals such as side-lobe suppressions becomes very difficult for all states of the beam steering.
- horns having different beam directions are therefore integrated in the antenna array.
- the central axis of the horn is tilt depending on the position of the horn 4.
- Fig. 5 shows a cross section along the line A to A' in Fig. 4. It can be seen that in the example as shown in Fig. 4 and 5 at a time two horns 4 have the same beam direction 7a, 7b or 7c.
- the two horns 4 in the middle have a vertical beam direction 7b along the z-axis of a sphere coordinate system.
- a group of horn antennas 4 having the same beaming direction may consist of one or more horn antennas 4 arranged either in row, rectangular, circular or otherwise, in a two- or three-dimensional array.
- Figs. 6 and 7 show horns 4 having different shapes which can improve the electrical performance of the antenna.
- Principally a horn antenna 4 serves as a waveguide and is able to radiate and/or receive the signal energy transferred to/or from the waveguide at the open end of line.
- An open waveguide as shown in Figure 7 having a rectangular or circular cross-section can be used as a simple antenna. Further, it is possible to use a waveguide widened at one end in order to improve the radiation characteristics and to improve the side-lobe performance as shown in Fig. 6.
- the present invention is not limited to the shapes of horns shown in the figures but includes every waveguide having the horn functionality.
- the array antenna according to the present invention is of a simple construction and low height, it can be manufactured with low effort and costs and it can be implemented in consumer products of small and compact size, such as mobile devices or consumer products.
Landscapes
- Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
Priority Applications (8)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP04003076A EP1564843A1 (de) | 2004-02-11 | 2004-02-11 | Zirkular polarisierte Gruppenantenne |
EP04023212A EP1622221A1 (de) | 2004-02-11 | 2004-09-29 | Zirkular polarisierte Gruppenantenne |
EP08162926A EP2015396A3 (de) | 2004-02-11 | 2004-09-29 | Zirkular polarisierte Gruppenantenne |
TW093139504A TW200532988A (en) | 2004-02-11 | 2004-12-17 | Circular polarised array antenna |
KR1020050011282A KR20060041826A (ko) | 2004-02-11 | 2005-02-07 | 원형 분극 배열 안테나 |
CNB2005100080685A CN100499266C (zh) | 2004-02-11 | 2005-02-08 | 圆极化阵列天线 |
US11/053,997 US7212163B2 (en) | 2004-02-11 | 2005-02-09 | Circular polarized array antenna |
JP2005036842A JP2005303986A (ja) | 2004-02-11 | 2005-02-14 | 円偏波円偏波アレーアンテナ |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP04003076A EP1564843A1 (de) | 2004-02-11 | 2004-02-11 | Zirkular polarisierte Gruppenantenne |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1564843A1 true EP1564843A1 (de) | 2005-08-17 |
Family
ID=34684670
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP04003076A Withdrawn EP1564843A1 (de) | 2004-02-11 | 2004-02-11 | Zirkular polarisierte Gruppenantenne |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1564843A1 (de) |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4761654A (en) * | 1985-06-25 | 1988-08-02 | Communications Satellite Corporation | Electromagnetically coupled microstrip antennas having feeding patches capacitively coupled to feedlines |
US4866451A (en) * | 1984-06-25 | 1989-09-12 | Communications Satellite Corporation | Broadband circular polarization arrangement for microstrip array antenna |
GB2238665A (en) * | 1989-11-27 | 1991-06-05 | Kokusai Denshin Denwa Co Ltd | Microstrip antenna |
EP0450881A2 (de) * | 1990-03-31 | 1991-10-09 | THORN EMI Electronics Limited | Mikrostreifenantennen |
-
2004
- 2004-02-11 EP EP04003076A patent/EP1564843A1/de not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4866451A (en) * | 1984-06-25 | 1989-09-12 | Communications Satellite Corporation | Broadband circular polarization arrangement for microstrip array antenna |
US4761654A (en) * | 1985-06-25 | 1988-08-02 | Communications Satellite Corporation | Electromagnetically coupled microstrip antennas having feeding patches capacitively coupled to feedlines |
GB2238665A (en) * | 1989-11-27 | 1991-06-05 | Kokusai Denshin Denwa Co Ltd | Microstrip antenna |
EP0450881A2 (de) * | 1990-03-31 | 1991-10-09 | THORN EMI Electronics Limited | Mikrostreifenantennen |
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