EP2304844B1 - Mikrostreifen-planargruppenantenne für satellitentelekommunikation, die für betrieb bei verschiedenen empfangs- und sendefrequenzen und mit kreuzpolarisationen ausgelegt ist - Google Patents

Mikrostreifen-planargruppenantenne für satellitentelekommunikation, die für betrieb bei verschiedenen empfangs- und sendefrequenzen und mit kreuzpolarisationen ausgelegt ist Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2304844B1
EP2304844B1 EP09762136.1A EP09762136A EP2304844B1 EP 2304844 B1 EP2304844 B1 EP 2304844B1 EP 09762136 A EP09762136 A EP 09762136A EP 2304844 B1 EP2304844 B1 EP 2304844B1
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European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
radiating elements
antenna
feeding
radiating
elements
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EP09762136.1A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP2304844A1 (de
Inventor
Tindaro Cadili
Carmelo Mollura
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Selex ES SpA
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Selex ES SpA
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
    • H01Q9/0407—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna
    • H01Q9/0428—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna radiating a circular polarised wave
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/06—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
    • H01Q21/061—Two dimensional planar arrays
    • H01Q21/065—Patch antenna array
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
    • H01Q9/0407—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna
    • H01Q9/045—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna with particular feeding means
    • H01Q9/0457—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna with particular feeding means electromagnetically coupled to the feed line

Definitions

  • the present invention concerns planar antennas, and more specifically a planar array antenna for satellite telecommunications according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the antennas used for satellite connections must have a high directivity in order to ensure a good quality connection.
  • the directive antenna of the communication apparatus used on board the moving vehicle must ensure that the connection is maintained for the whole time and for every orientation of the vehicle.
  • the antenna must not offer resistance to the motion of the vehicle on which it is installed, and therefore it must have a very small size and a low profile, and it must be able to quickly vary its pointing direction.
  • parabolic antennas which have the best characteristics for respecting the aforementioned radiation needs (directivity), since during the movement of the vehicles they would undergo great stress and it would not be possible to maintain their pointing.
  • the adopted solution is a planar antenna comprising an array of radiating elements with variable phase shift which allow the electronic scanning of the beam on the elevation plane.
  • One exemplary embodiment is a micro-strip planar antenna in printed technology with radiating patch elements.
  • two separate antenna modules are made, one arranged for operating in reception with a first polarization, and one arranged for operating in transmission with a second polarization.
  • EP 0 342 175 discloses a dual-polarized printed circuit array antenna comprising patch radiating elements arranged on two layers, each of which is associated with a radiation polarization. Each layer of radiating elements has a respective feeding distribution layer associated with it, including micro-strip feedlines with which the radiating elements are capacitively coupled. Specifically, the configuration of the antenna patches is such as to allow a circular polarization in a first sense for the radiating elements of a first layer, and a circular polarization in the opposite sense for the radiating elements of the other layer to be obtained.
  • the antenna thus made is adapted to operate in a single transmission band with dual circular polarization thanks to the use of a component outside of the antenna (90° hybrid).
  • WO 02/084790 discloses a dual-band dual-polarized antenna array that is able to operate simultaneously at two different frequency bands, while featuring dual-polarization at both bands.
  • the dual-band dual-polarization feature is achieved mainly by means of the physical position of the antenna elements within the array.
  • US 2006/0256013 further discloses the use of recessed corner patches for achieving improved cross-polarization, thus leading to better isolation between radiating elements of an array antenna.
  • the present invention has the purpose of providing a planar array antenna for satellite telecommunications having a greater efficiency in transmission and in reception, compared to known solutions, and a reduced bulk.
  • the present invention is based upon the principle of making a planar array antenna using narrow-band radiating elements, respectively grouped into a set of radiating elements for transmission and a set of radiating elements for reception, intercalated on the same radiation surface, to make an antenna adapted to the most common and typical case of X-band satellite communication.
  • every radiating element would have to be made so as to be adapted to operate over the whole band.
  • the radiating elements are narrow-band elements, for which reason it thus becomes necessary to make two separate antenna modules, one arranged for operating in reception in a first range of frequencies, and one arranged for operating in transmission in a second range of frequencies.
  • the radiating elements in transmission and the radiating elements in reception are mutually affected by being close to each other, and to reduce the coupling problems, different patterns of radiating elements are used, adapted to radiate different polarizations.
  • the radiating elements of the first module are made like square patches with two truncated opposite corners, adapted to radiate a left circular polarization and the radiating elements of the second module are made as circular patches with discontinuities (notches) along the circumference, adapted to radiate a right circular polarization.
  • the electromagnetic currents to the patches are induced by capacitive effect by respective micro-strip circuits through slots made on the ground plane under the patch layer.
  • Figure 1 shows a whole module 10, of a planar array antenna, including a transmission module 10T comprising a 2x2 array of first radiating elements 12T adapted to radiate a left circular polarization, and a reception module 10R comprising a 2x2 array of second radiating elements 12R adapted to radiate a right circular polarization.
  • a transmission module 10T comprising a 2x2 array of first radiating elements 12T adapted to radiate a left circular polarization
  • a reception module 10R comprising a 2x2 array of second radiating elements 12R adapted to radiate a right circular polarization.
  • an X-band antenna is shown, operating in the range of frequencies [7.25 ⁇ 7.75] GHz for reception, and in the range of frequencies [7.9 ⁇ 8.4] GHz for transmission.
  • figure 1 according to a plan view - the intercalated arrangement of the radiating elements 12T, 12R on a radiation surface S of the antenna is shown.
  • the radiating elements 12T, 12R of each module are arranged in a matrix with parallel rows.
  • the parallel rows of the radiating elements of different modules (12T, 12R) are alternated and staggered apart by half a pitch, so that there is a sort of intercalated quincunx arrangement.
  • the micro-strip distribution network comprises a ground plane 100, a dielectric substrate 110 and conductive tracks 120 arranged according to a predetermined branched configuration for the feeding to a set of radiating elements (12T, 12R) of an antenna module according to a predetermined phase shifting of the signals.
  • the array of radiating elements R in turn comprises a respective ground plane 130 overlapping the distribution network F and separated by it by a dielectric spacer layer 140, a respective dielectric substrate 150 and radiating areas (patches) 160 deposited upon it, possibly protected by an external radome coating layer (not shown) permeable to electromagnetic radiations.
  • the radiating elements 12T used in transmission are preferably made like square areas with a pair of opposite bevelled corners 160', as shown in figure 3 , such corners 160' constituting discontinuities adapted to determine a radiation with circular polarization.
  • the radiating elements 12R used in reception are preferably made as circular areas which have a pair of peripheral diametrically opposite incisions 160", as shown in figure 4 , the incisions constituting discontinuities adapted to determine a radiation with circular polarization.
  • the 2x2 array arrangement comprises a first pair of diagonally opposite elements (12T or 12R) arranged according to a first orientation and a second pair of diagonally opposite elements (12T or 12R), rotated by 90° with respect to the elements of the first pair.
  • the feeding to the elements 12T, 12R occurs through an elongated slot 200 made on the respective ground plane 130, at which a section of micro-strip line 120 of the feeding network F extends, oriented according to a direction perpendicular to the direction of main extension of the slot 200, so as to induce electromagnetic currents in the corresponding radiating element through the same slot.
  • the slot extends according to a direction angularly misaligned with the discontinuities in shape (bevelled corners, peripheral incisions) of the areas forming the radiating elements, and therefore the radiating elements are asymmetrically shaped with respect to a median axis thereof, coinciding with the direction of the slot extension (or, in equivalent words, with the direction of extension of the section of micro-strip feeding line associated with it), so as to emit electromagnetic radiation according to a circular polarization.
  • any other technique for making a radiating element asymmetrical in order to make it adapted to emit a radiation with circular polarization is applicable to the structure of the radiating elements 12T and 12R used here, providing that the rule of attributing mutually perpendicular polarizations (circular polarizations in opposite senses, perpendicular linear polarizations) to the elements intended for transmission and for reception, is respected.
  • the micro-strip feeding line In proximity of the coupling with the slot 200, the micro-strip feeding line has a widened-section matching stub 220, constituting a portion of open circuit line, adapted to ensure that the energy sent over the feeding line transits mostly over the patch without returning back (reflected wave).
  • an array antenna is schematically shown in plan comprising a 2x8 array of first radiating elements arranged for transmission, intercalated with a 2x8 array of second radiating elements ararnged for reception.
  • the underlying feeding distribution network F and the slots 200 for coupling the feeding network with the radiating elements are also shown.
  • the first row of radiating elements in transmission 12T is served by a branched feeding line 120a so as to feed in phase the elements of the subsets TM1-TM4.
  • the second row of radiating elements in reception 12R is served by a feeding line 120b also branched so as to feed in phase the elements of the subsets TR1-TR4.
  • the radiating elements distributed along one row are all equiphase, whereas it is possible to control the phase shift between one row and the next through integration of variable phase shifters integrated upstream of the respective feeding lines 120a-120a', which allow phase differences to be created between one row and the next so that the radiation diagram has a major lobe with pointing different from 0° and strictly connected to the applied phase differences.
  • the use of radiating elements having different shapes allows the isolation between reception and transmission modules to be increased, i.e. the transmitted signal does not interfere with the received one, in the case of simultaneous radiation in the two polarizations.
  • a further advantage is obtained thanks to the successive rotation by 90° of the radiating elements of each module, which allows the radiative performance of the array to be improved in terms of purity of polarization.
  • an antenna thus made can be installed on the roof of a vehicle, so as to allow a satellite radio communication to be made and maintained during the movement of the vehicle.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Waveguide Aerials (AREA)
  • Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)

Claims (8)

  1. Mikrostreifenplanargruppenantenne mit:
    einem ersten Antennenmodul (10T), das eine erste Mehrzahl von planaren Strahlungsbauteilen (12T) aufweist, die für einen Sendebetrieb angeordnet sind,
    einem zweiten Antennenmodul (10R), das eine zweite Mehrzahl von planaren Strahlungsbauteilen (12R) aufweist, die für einen Empfangsbetrieb angeordnet sind, und
    einem Netzwerk zum Zuführen von Signalen an die Strahlungsbauteile (12R, 12T), das eine Anordnung von Mikrostreifenleitungen (120), die kapazitiv mit den Bauteilen (12R, 12T) gekoppelt sind, aufweist,
    wobei das erste und das zweite Modul (10R, 10T) auf einer gleichen Strahlungsfläche (S) der Antenne ausgebildet sind gemäß einer abwechselnden Anordnung der jeweiligen Strahlungsbauteile (12R; 12T), wobei die ersten Strahlungsbauteile (12T) angepasst sind für einen Betrieb in einem ersten Bereich von Frequenzen mit einer ersten Polarisierung, und die zweiten Strahlungsbauteile (12R) ausgebildet sind für einen Betrieb in einem zweiten Bereich von Frequenzen mit einer zweiten Polarisierung, die senkrecht zu der ersten Polarisierung ist,
    wobei das Zuführungsnetzwerk auf einer Ebene parallel zu der Strahlungsfläche (S) der Antenne angeordnet ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
    die Strahlungsbauteile (12R, 12T) Strahlungsbereiche (Gebiete) (160) mit Profilunterbrechungen (160'; 160") aufweisen, so dass sie angepasst sind zum Bestimmen einer Strahlung gemäß einer Kreispolarisierung,
    jedes Antennenmodul (10R; 10T) mindestens eine 2x2-Gruppe von Strahlungsbauteilen (12R; 12T) aufweist, die ein erstes Paar von diagonal gegenüberliegenden Bauteilen hat, die gemäß einer ersten Orientierung angeordnet sind, und ein zweites Paar von diagonal gegenüberliegenden Bauteilen, die um 90° bezüglich der Bauteile des ersten Paars gedreht angeordnet sind,
    die Strahlungsbauteile (12R; 12T) jedes Moduls (10R; 10T) in einer Matrix mit parallelen Reihen angeordnet sind, und die parallelen Reihen der Strahlungsbauteile von verschiedenen Modulen (12T, 12R) abwechselnd und um einen halben Schritt versetzt sind, so dass eine Art abwechselnde Fünfpunktanordnung entsteht,
    wobei die Strahlungsbauteile (12R, 12T), die zu einer Reihe eines Antennenmoduls (10R, 10T) gehören, gleichphasig durch eine verzweigte Zuführungsleitung (120) gespeist werden, die Reihen eines Moduls (12R; 12T) gespeist werden gemäß einer vorbestimmten Phasenbeziehung durch jeweilige Zuführungsleitungen (120a-120d), zu denen Phasenverschieber gehören, die angepasst sind zum Steuern der Phasendifferenz zwischen einer Reihe und der nächsten.
  2. Antenne nach Anspruch 1, bei der die ersten Strahlungsbauteile (12T) quadratische Strahlungsbereiche (Gebiete) (160) aufweisen, die ein Paar von gegenüberliegenden schrägen Ecken (160') haben.
  3. Antenne nach Anspruch 1, bei der die zweiten Strahlungsbauteile (12R) kreisförmige Strahlungsbereiche (Gebiete) (160) aufweisen, die ein Paar von diametral gegenüberliegenden Umfangskerben (160') haben.
  4. Antenne nach Anspruch 1, bei der:
    das Zuführungsnetzwerk eine Grundplatte (100) aufweist, ein dielektrisches Substrat (110), das die Grundplatte (100) überlappt, und leitfähige Bahnen (120), die auf dem Substrat (110) gemäß einer vorbestimmten Verzweigungskonfiguration angeordnet sind zum Zuführen von Signalen an einen Nebensatz der Strahlungsbauteile (12T; 12R) eines Moduls der Antenne (10R; 10T) gemäß einer vorbestimmten Phasenbeziehung; und
    das erste und zweite Antennenmodul (10R, 10T) eine jeweilige Grundplatte (130) aufweisen, die das Zuführungsnetzwerk überlappt und von dieser durch eine dielektrische Beabstandungsschicht (140) separat ausgebildet ist, ein dielektrisches Substrat (150), das die Grundplatte (130) überlappt, und metallisierte Strahlungsbereiche (Gebiete) (160), die auf dem Substrat (150) angeordnet sind.
  5. Antenne nach Anspruch 4, bei der die Strahlungsbauteile (12R, 12T) mit den Signalzuführungsleitungen (120) durch jeweilige längliche Zuführungsschlitze (200), die auf der zugehörigen Grundplatte (130) ausgebildet sind, gekoppelt sind, wo sich ein Bereich der Zuführungsleitung (120) erstreckt, ausgerichtet senkrecht bezüglich der Richtung der Haupterstreckung des Schlitzes (200).
  6. Antenne nach Anspruch 5, bei der die Zuführungsschlitze (200) sich gemäß Richtungen unter einem Winkel verschoben zu den Profilunterbrechungen (160'; 160") der Strahlungsbereiche (160) erstrecken, weshalb die Strahlungsbauteile (12R; 12T) bezüglich ihrer Mittelachse, die mit der Erstreckungsrichtung des entsprechenden Zuführungsschlitzes (200) zusammenfällt, asymmetrisch geformt sind.
  7. Antenne nach Anspruch 5 oder 6, bei der die Zuführungsleitungen (120) einen aufgeweiteten Anpassungsstumpf (220) aufweisen, der einen Bereich einer offenen Schaltungsleitung bildet, in der Nähe des Zuführungsschlitzes (200).
  8. Antenne nach Anspruch 1, bei der das erste Antennenmodul (10T) eine Gruppe von Strahlungsbauteilen (12T) aufweist, die angepasst sind zum Abstrahlen einer Kreispolarisierung entgegen dem Uhrzeigersinn, und das zweite Antennenmodul (10R) eine Gruppe von Strahlungsbauteilen (12R) aufweist, die angepasst sind zum Abstrahlen einer Kreispolarisierung im Uhrzeigersinn.
EP09762136.1A 2008-06-10 2009-06-09 Mikrostreifen-planargruppenantenne für satellitentelekommunikation, die für betrieb bei verschiedenen empfangs- und sendefrequenzen und mit kreuzpolarisationen ausgelegt ist Active EP2304844B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ITTO20080447 ITTO20080447A1 (it) 2008-06-10 2008-06-10 Antenna a schiera planare in microstriscia per telecomunicazioni satellitari, atta ad operare a frequenze di ricezione e trasmissione differenti e con polarizzazioni incrociate.
PCT/IB2009/052444 WO2009150609A1 (en) 2008-06-10 2009-06-09 Micro-strip planar array antenna for satellite telecommunications, adapted to operate at different reception and transmission frequencies and with cross-polarizations

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2304844A1 EP2304844A1 (de) 2011-04-06
EP2304844B1 true EP2304844B1 (de) 2015-08-12

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EP09762136.1A Active EP2304844B1 (de) 2008-06-10 2009-06-09 Mikrostreifen-planargruppenantenne für satellitentelekommunikation, die für betrieb bei verschiedenen empfangs- und sendefrequenzen und mit kreuzpolarisationen ausgelegt ist

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EP (1) EP2304844B1 (de)
ES (1) ES2552204T3 (de)
IT (1) ITTO20080447A1 (de)
WO (1) WO2009150609A1 (de)

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US9112262B2 (en) 2011-06-02 2015-08-18 Brigham Young University Planar array feed for satellite communications
US9112270B2 (en) 2011-06-02 2015-08-18 Brigham Young Univeristy Planar array feed for satellite communications
CN102522634B (zh) * 2011-12-13 2015-04-15 华为技术有限公司 天线装置、基站及通信系统
EP4443654A2 (de) 2015-05-11 2024-10-09 Get Sat Communications Ltd. Verfahren, schaltvorrichtungen, anordnungen und systeme zur drahtlosen kommunikation
US10854969B2 (en) * 2016-09-29 2020-12-01 Getsat Communications Ltd. Methods circuits devices assemblies and systems for providing an active antenna
CN113725629B (zh) * 2021-11-02 2022-01-25 成都雷电微力科技股份有限公司 一种高功率双频双极化瓦式有源相控阵天线

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4926189A (en) 1988-05-10 1990-05-15 Communications Satellite Corporation High-gain single- and dual-polarized antennas employing gridded printed-circuit elements
US5923296A (en) * 1996-09-06 1999-07-13 Raytheon Company Dual polarized microstrip patch antenna array for PCS base stations
BR0116985A (pt) 2001-04-16 2004-12-21 Fractus Sa Disposição de antena de banda dupla e de polarização dupla
US7605758B2 (en) 2005-05-13 2009-10-20 Go Net Systems Ltd. Highly isolated circular polarized antenna
US7061432B1 (en) * 2005-06-10 2006-06-13 X-Ether, Inc. Compact and low profile satellite communication antenna system
US7545333B2 (en) * 2006-03-16 2009-06-09 Agc Automotive Americas R&D Multiple-layer patch antenna

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ES2552204T3 (es) 2015-11-26
WO2009150609A1 (en) 2009-12-17
ITTO20080447A1 (it) 2009-12-11
EP2304844A1 (de) 2011-04-06

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