EP1561526B1 - Device for setting rivets in components - Google Patents

Device for setting rivets in components Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1561526B1
EP1561526B1 EP05001307A EP05001307A EP1561526B1 EP 1561526 B1 EP1561526 B1 EP 1561526B1 EP 05001307 A EP05001307 A EP 05001307A EP 05001307 A EP05001307 A EP 05001307A EP 1561526 B1 EP1561526 B1 EP 1561526B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
variable
rivet
mass element
components according
mass
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP05001307A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1561526A1 (en
Inventor
Günter HERRMANN
Oswin Mössner
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Claas Fertigungstechnik GmbH
Original Assignee
Claas Fertigungstechnik GmbH
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Publication date
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Publication of EP1561526A1 publication Critical patent/EP1561526A1/en
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Publication of EP1561526B1 publication Critical patent/EP1561526B1/en
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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21JFORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
    • B21J15/00Riveting
    • B21J15/10Riveting machines
    • B21J15/14Riveting machines specially adapted for riveting specific articles, e.g. brake lining machines
    • B21J15/142Aerospace structures
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21JFORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
    • B21J15/00Riveting
    • B21J15/10Riveting machines
    • B21J15/14Riveting machines specially adapted for riveting specific articles, e.g. brake lining machines
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21JFORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
    • B21J15/00Riveting
    • B21J15/10Riveting machines
    • B21J15/16Drives for riveting machines; Transmission means therefor
    • B21J15/24Drives for riveting machines; Transmission means therefor operated by electro-magnets
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00Metal working
    • Y10T29/49Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49826Assembling or joining
    • Y10T29/49908Joining by deforming
    • Y10T29/49938Radially expanding part in cavity, aperture, or hollow body
    • Y10T29/49943Riveting
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00Metal working
    • Y10T29/49Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49826Assembling or joining
    • Y10T29/49947Assembling or joining by applying separate fastener
    • Y10T29/49954Fastener deformed after application
    • Y10T29/49956Riveting
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00Metal working
    • Y10T29/53Means to assemble or disassemble
    • Y10T29/53039Means to assemble or disassemble with control means energized in response to activator stimulated by condition sensor
    • Y10T29/53061Responsive to work or work-related machine element
    • Y10T29/53065Responsive to work or work-related machine element with means to fasten by deformation
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00Metal working
    • Y10T29/53Means to assemble or disassemble
    • Y10T29/53709Overedge assembling means
    • Y10T29/5377Riveter

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for fixing rivet elements in components according to the preamble of claim 1 (see US-A-5 774 968 ).
  • rivet hammers and rivet tongs are widely used for the introduction and fixation of fasteners in components.
  • Such systems are usually compressed air, wherein the connecting element in the component introducing and fixing in this moving mass elements contact the connecting element until it has reached its desired fixing position.
  • variable-area mass element By the impact energy of the variable-area mass element is changeable, a high flexibility in the adaptation of the achievable impact energy to different boundary conditions is made possible, which ensures that a reduction, in the best case only a single stroke for deformation of a rivet element in the components to be joined is required. This reduces not only noise pollution but above all the mechanical stress of the rivet adapter and the working robot leading to it.
  • the impact energy is influenced by the parameters acceleration of the variable-mass mass element, length of the acceleration path of this mass element or its mass, and depending on the flexibility of the adaptation, only individual or all of these parameters are taken into account. Due to the fact that these parameters can be changed in a simple manner, this also leads to an uncomplicated influencing of the impact energy of the position-variable mass element.
  • a particularly advantageous development of the invention results when the impact energy is determined as a function of specific properties of the components to be joined and / or of specific properties of the rivet elements and / or of the position of the rivet adapter in space, since precisely these parameters have a significant influence have the required deformation energy and thus ultimately on the impact energy to be generated.
  • variable-position mass element By the variable-position mass element is arranged horizontally movable within the rivet adapter, a precise acceleration of a precisely defined mass is possible in a structurally simple manner, so that ultimately the impact energy is precisely adjustable. Due to the sometimes very high accelerations, it is also of particular interest to ensure a compact form of the mass element to be accelerated. In a simple way, this is achieved in that the mass element is formed only by an additional weight and associated therewith, the rivet element deforming plunger and at least one of these elements receiving horizontally movable support frame.
  • the Nietadapter also takes on a clamping unit on the one hand after passing through the acceleration section causes a defined delay of the linear guide of the variable position mass element and also the Movement of the variable-mass mass element decelerates after contact with the rivet.
  • the braking of the linear guide and the variable-position mass element can be done in the simplest way by pneumatic clamping.
  • the mass element is moved in the horizontal direction within the rivet adapter.
  • the position-variable mass element is assigned a linear guide system whose path measuring system is formed by a ruler which can be tapped by means of a known sensor, wherein in the simplest case the ruler is integrated directly into the guide rails of the position-variable mass element ,
  • the rivet adapter Due to the complex relationships between the parameters influencing the impact energy, it is expedient to assign the rivet adapter a control unit in which executable calculation algorithms can be edited, which take into account the various input data the required impact energy and the size of the individual parameters, such as the mass of the position variable mass element, determine its acceleration and the length of the acceleration section.
  • control and computing unit can be designed so that the output signals generated in it directly causes the setting of the various parameters in the rivet adapter.
  • control and computing unit can also be assigned a display monitor in such a way that the operator of the rivet setting workstation is visually displayed the various input data taken into account by the system and the determined output data.
  • the rivet adapter For fitting the rivet adapter according to the invention in existing production processes, it is also advantageous if the rivet adapter is designed as an end effector of a working robot, so that it can be easily integrated into existing production processes.
  • Fig. 1 shows a Nietsetzarbeitsstation 1 essentially from a first, a position fixing adapter 3 for preferably rivet elements 4 pivotally receiving working robot 2 and another the inventive Nietadapter 5 pivotally leading working robot 6 is formed.
  • the segments 7, 8 of the working robot 2, 6 to arbitrarily arranged in space pivot axes 9, 10 are pivotable, so that guided by the respective working robot 2, 6 Siegfixieradapter 2 and the Nietadapter 5 arbitrary positions within the working areas of the working robot 2, 6 can take.
  • the working areas of both working robots 2, 6 are coordinated so that they can work together at least in a partial area of their action radii.
  • the Nietsetzarbeitsstadion 1 shown are associated with each other to be joined components 11 so that the Lüfixieradapter 3 and the Nietadapter 5 can cooperate in the introduction and fixation of rivet elements 4 in the interconnected components 11.
  • the position fixing adapter 3 pivotally arranged on the front segment 7 of the first working robot 2 can be designed so that its front adaptation unit 12 both tools 13 for introducing holes 14 in the components 11 to be joined as well the rivet elements 4 can accommodate for connecting the components 11.
  • the adaptation unit 12 cooperates with corresponding tool and connection element stores (not shown), from which various tools 13 can be removed and returned to them, on the one hand, and a variety of rivet elements 4, on the other hand, for the adaptation unit 12 can be supplied.
  • the adaptation unit 12 of the position fixing adapter 3 has been given a rivet element 4, which inserts this by pivoting the segments 7 of the working robot 2 in one of the components to be joined 11 passing through holes 14 in such a way that the head 15 of the rivet element 4 flush the, the Lüfixieradapter 3 associated component 11 is applied. It is within the scope of the invention that the adaptation unit 12 can also accommodate a plurality of rivet elements 4, so that at the same time several rivet elements 4 can be inserted into the corresponding holes 14 and fixed in this position.
  • the segments 7 of the position fixing adapter 3 receiving working robot 2 are fixed in the working position in position and only the Adaptieranne 12 is designed, for example, horizontally displaceable, so that the first tool 13 edit the bore 14 or manufacture and then the Insertion of the rivet element 4 can take place.
  • the rivet adapter 5 is brought to the respective rivet element 4 by pivoting the segments 8 of the working robot 6 carrying the rivet adapter 5 about the respective pivot axes 10.
  • the support frame 16 of the rivet adapter 5 in the simplest case by means of screw rotatably connected to the adapter flange 17 of the front segment 8 of the corresponding working robot 6, so that the rivet adapter 5 by pivoting the individual segments 8 of the working robot 6 to the respective pivot axes 10 precisely in the working area of Working robot 6 can be performed.
  • the non-rotatably connected to the working robot 6 supporting frame 16 of the rivet adapter 5 are assigned in its outer edge regions as a pneumatic cylinder 18 adjusting means 19, the piston rod side are fixed to an intermediate frame 21 of the rivet adapter 5 adjusting flanges 20.
  • the intermediate frame 21 is mounted in the rivet adapter 5 so that it is pressurized or depressurized in the support frame 16 integrated pneumatic cylinder 18 in the horizontal direction 22 relative to the support frame 16 is movable. Fron note the intermediate frame 21 is penetrated by a so-called plunger sleeve 23, which projects beyond the intermediate frame 21 at its front end.
  • the intermediate frame 21 can be brought to the components to be joined 11 passing rivet 4 so that the front end of the plunger sleeve 23 is firmly seated on its facing member 11 and the free end of the rivet 4 at least partially protrudes into the pressure piston sleeve 23, wherein at the same time the position of the rivet 4 is set within the components 11 to be joined.
  • the described pneumatic cylinder 18 may be replaced for more accurate positioning of the intermediate frame 21 by not shown electrically operated linear motors.
  • the intermediate frame 21 guide rails 24 assigned to which a further support frame 25 is arranged horizontally movable.
  • the horizontal mobility of the support frame 25 is made possible by adjusting means 27, which are designed as electrically operated linear motors 26 and which are fixed to the intermediate frame 21, wherein the linear motors 26 leading and supporting stators 28 extend below the support frame 25 along the intermediate frame 21 and are fixed on this.
  • adjusting means 27 are designed as electrically operated linear motors 26 and which are fixed to the intermediate frame 21, wherein the linear motors 26 leading and supporting stators 28 extend below the support frame 25 along the intermediate frame 21 and are fixed on this.
  • the relative to the intermediate frame 21 movable support frame 25 takes at least one additional weight 31 and in its front region on a plunger 32, wherein the plunger 32 is disposed on the support frame 25 so that he enforce this in the horizontal movement 29 in the direction of the plunger sleeve 23 and can impinge on the assigned him end of the rivet 4.
  • the energy inherent in the plunger 32 at the moment of impact of the plunger 32 on the rivet element 4, hereinafter referred to as impact energy 33 results in deformation of the rivet element 4 in such a way that the end associated with the plunger 32 is compressed and thus a firm connection that of the rivet element 4 permeated components 11 is achieved.
  • the components to be joined 11 associated area of the additional frame 21 also receives a clamping unit 35 which has at least one stop element 36 which limits on the one hand caused by the linear motors 26 horizontal movement 30 of the mass element 34 and the stop element 36 in the simplest case pneumatically the mass element 34 holds on the rivet element 4 after a successful impact of the plunger 32, so that springback of the mass element 34 and a repeated contacting of the rivet element 4 is avoided.
  • the pneumatic fixation of the mass element 34 can be carried out in such a way that the additional weight 31 is sucked in by the vacuum element in the region of the stop element 36.
  • the clamping unit 35, the mass element 34 at a different location for example in the region of the support frame 25, fix.
  • the deceleration effect of the variable-position mass element 34 can also be increased by the fact that damping elements 29 are assigned to the thrust finger 29 in a manner not shown which absorbs at least part of the energy inherent in the spring-back mass element 34.
  • variable-position mass element 34 in its initial position for performing a further riveting operation is carried out by returning the linear motors 26 in their initial position, the linear motors 26 detect the variable-position mass element 34 by means of a Linearhubelement 37 associated return element 38 and in the pressure bushing 23 facing away from the area Submit frame 21 in the direction of arrow 40, the position fixing is effected in this initial position in the simplest case by a so-called resilient pressure piece 39.
  • the impact energy 33 of the variable-position mass element 34 is adjustable, at least one of the associated with the intermediate frame 21 guide rails 24 is associated with a so-called linear guide 41 with integrated displacement measurement.
  • Such LinearInstitute 41 are usually constructed so that the guide rail 24 carrying them is assigned a displacement measuring device 42 in the form of a ruler 43 engraved, for example, and the linear guiding device 41 taps off this ruler 43 via suitable sensors 44, so that the positionally variable mass element 34 can be exactly positioned by means of this ruler 43.
  • the impact energy 33 of the plunger 32 on the rivet element 4 is decisively determined by the mass of the variable-position mass element 34, its acceleration and the available acceleration path 45.
  • a first possibility of changing the impact energy 33 would be to use additional weights 31 of different mass, with higher masses of the additional weights 31 leading to higher impact energies 33.
  • the replacement of the additional weights 31 leads to considerable installation effort.
  • the impact energy change that can be achieved in this way is very limited, since as a rule the available installation space does not allow a high degree of flexibility when using different additional weights 31.
  • Significantly more effective is the change in the impact energy 33 by changing the acceleration of the variable-mass mass element 34 and the length of the accelerating section 45 available for acceleration of the mass element 34.
  • the change in the impact energy 33 by changing the acceleration of the variable-mass element 34 can thereby easily achieve that the current loading of the linear motors 26 is changed, with higher accelerations of the mass element 34 lead to increase in the impact energy 33.
  • the available acceleration section 45 can be varied, wherein an increase in the acceleration section 45 also entails higher impact energies 33.
  • a delay path 46 is provided within which the linear motors 26 are gradually decelerated, while the variable-position mass element 34 continues in the direction the rivet 4 moves and is decelerated only after its contact with the rivet 4 as described above by means of the clamping unit 35.
  • the change in the impact energy 33 must in particular have material properties connecting components 11, rivet element properties and the position of the rivet adapter 5 in the room considered.
  • the material thickness and material-specific deformation characteristics such as the modulus of elasticity, play a role.
  • the required impact energy depends very substantially on the nature of the rivet element 4 itself, in which case geometrical dimensions and material characteristics of the rivet element 4 in particular play a role.
  • the position of the rivet adapter 5 in space influences the generatable impact energy 33, since Fig. 3
  • the component of the force of gravity (G, -Gx, + Gx) of the position-variable mass element 34 acting in the direction of the ram 32 is directed in or counter to the direction of movement of the position-variable mass element 34.
  • the rivet adapter 5 is assigned at least one position sensor 48, which is known per se as a tilt sensor 47 and determines the deviation of the position of the rivet adapter 5 from the vertical arrangement. Due to the fact that the rivet adapter 5 is non-rotatably connected to the front-side element 8 of the working robot 6, it is within the scope of the invention to integrate the inclination sensor 47 directly into this front-side segment 8.
  • the rivet adapter 5 is according to Fig. 3 with an electronic control and processing unit 49 to be described later.
  • the control and computing unit 49 as shown, be arranged directly on the rivet adapter 5 or at any position of the working robot 6. According to the schematic representation in Fig.
  • the inclination sensor 47 determining the inclination of the rivet adapter 5 transfers the inclination signals X generated by it to the control and arithmetic unit 49.
  • the control and arithmetic unit 49 has an input field 50 via which, among other things, the mass of the position-variable mass element 34 can be read by an operator as well as specific data of the rivet element 4 and / or the components to be connected 11 can be entered, wherein the control and arithmetic unit 49 is also assigned a memory module 51, which can store the various transferred to the control and processing unit 49 data editable.
  • the control and computing unit 49 also has a display monitor 52 on which various process data can be represented alphanumerically or graphically.
  • calculation algorithms 54 are stored in the control and arithmetic unit 49, which output data from the transferred to the control and arithmetic unit 49 input data 53, such as the mass of the variable position mass element 34 and the specific data of the connecting element 4 and the components to be connected 11, output data 55 determined.
  • the output data 55 initially comprise optimized values for the required impact energy 33 and adjustment parameters 56 for various impact assemblies 33 influencing functional assemblies of Nietadapters 5.
  • the determined adjustment parameters 56 include the length of the acceleration section 45, the achievable by means of the linear motors 26 accelerations of the position variable Mass element 34 and optionally the required mass of the variable-position mass element 34, which may be limited in the simplest case to the required mass of the additional weight 31.
  • control and computing unit 49 generates output signals Y1..Yn which are either transferred via a data line system 57 or wirelessly to the corresponding organs of the rivet adapter 5 and which lead to these organs for setting the determined output data 55.
  • the required length of the acceleration section 45 can be adjusted in such a way that the corresponding output signal Y1 is transferred to the linear guide 41 and this by means of the path measuring device 42, the exact positioning of the variable position mass element 34 makes, so that the determined acceleration section 45 of the mass element 34 can also be traversed.
  • the accelerations coded in the output signals Y can of the position-variable mass element 34 are transferred to the linear motors 26, wherein the linear motors 26 associated with known and therefore not shown control units from these acceleration signals Y2 accelerations of the linear motors 26 determine that are finally transmitted by means of the push finger 29 on the variable position mass element 34.
  • the linear motors 26 a separate, not shown displacement measuring system 42 is associated with their precise positioning, which ultimately increases the flexibility and accuracy of the adjustability of the impact energy 33
  • via the display monitor 52 to the operator an indication, that in the rivet adapter 5 integrated additional weight 31 to replace by a more suitable for the achievement of the required impact energy 33 additional weight 31.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Automatic Assembly (AREA)
  • Connection Of Plates (AREA)
  • Manipulator (AREA)

Abstract

The robot assembly (1) to fasten components (11) by rivets (4), using two robots (2,6), has a position fix adaptor (3) to fix the rivet in place and be shaped by a rivet adaptor (5). The rivet adaptor has a mass unit (34) in variable positions and with a stored striking energy to shape the rivet with an adjustable force.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung zur Fixierung von Nietelementen in Bauteilen nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 (siehe US-A-5 774 968 ).The invention relates to a device for fixing rivet elements in components according to the preamble of claim 1 (see US-A-5 774 968 ).

Aus dem Stand der Technik sind vielfältigste Mechanismen zur Einbringung und Fixierung von Verbindungselementen wie etwa Nietelementen in Bauteile bekannt. So offenbart beispielsweise die DE 43 05 406 A1 ein sogenanntes Schraubeneinführ- und Bundstauchsystem dessen das jeweilige Verbindungselement in das Bauteil einfügende Mitnahmeelement in Horizontalführungen zum Bauteil hin und von diesem weg bewegt werden kann. Dabei soll der Antrieb des Mitnahmeelementes so konzipiert sein, dass Verbindungselemente in Bauteilbohrungen unter Einhaltungen vordefinierter Presspassungen sicher eingefügt und umgeformt werden können. Dabei kommt ein System zur Anwendung bei dem mittels Spulenanordnungen kurzzeitig sehr hohe Wirbelströme erzeugt werden, die letztlich über geeignete Übertragungsmittel den sogenannten, das in das Bauteil einzubringende Verbindungselement aufnehmenden Treiber kurzzeitig derartig beschleunigen, dass die Verbindungselemente sicher in das jeweilige Bauteil eingefügt werden können. Derartige Ausführungen haben jedoch den Nachteil, dass sie stets sehr hohe und häufig weit über den für das sichere Einbringen der Verbindungselemente in das Bauteil erforderlichen Kräften liegende Belastungen in das Montagesystem einbringen, sodass entweder dessen Lebensdauer erheblich eingeschränkt wird oder eine diesen Belastungen standhaltende Überdimensionierung in Kauf genommen werden muss.The most diverse mechanisms for introducing and fixing connecting elements, such as rivet elements, into components are known from the prior art. For example, the DE 43 05 406 A1 a so-called Schraubeneinführ- and Federal edging system of which the respective connecting element in the component inserting driving element can be moved in horizontal guides to the component and away from it. In this case, the drive of the driving element should be designed so that fasteners can be safely inserted and deformed in component holes under compliance of predefined press-fits. In this case, a system is used in which by means of coil arrangements briefly very high eddy currents are generated, which ultimately accelerate the so-called, the component to be introduced into the component driver temporarily via suitable transmission means such that the fasteners can be safely inserted into the respective component. However, such designs have the disadvantage that they always bring very high and often far beyond the forces required for the safe insertion of the fasteners in the component loads in the mounting system, so either its life is significantly limited or a these loads enduring overdimensioning in purchasing must be taken.

Weit verbreitet zur Einbringung und Fixierung von Verbindungselementen in Bauteile sind auch sogenannte Niethämmer und Nietzangen. Derartige Systeme sind in der Regel druckluftbetrieben, wobei die das Verbindungselement in das Bauteil einbringenden und in diesem fixierenden bewegten Masseelemente das Verbindungselement solange kontaktieren bis dieses seine gewünschte Fixierposition erreicht hat.Also widely used for the introduction and fixation of fasteners in components are so-called rivet hammers and rivet tongs. Such systems are usually compressed air, wherein the connecting element in the component introducing and fixing in this moving mass elements contact the connecting element until it has reached its desired fixing position.

Neben Ungenauigkeiten bei der Montage durch das mehrmalige Kontaktieren ein und desselben Verbindungselementes haben derartige Systeme insbesondere den Nachteil, dass sie sehr geräuschintensiv arbeiten.In addition to inaccuracies in the assembly by the repeated contact one and the same connection element such systems have the particular disadvantage that they work very noisy.

Weiter ist aus der US 5,774,968 eine Nietmaschine bekannt geworden, bei der ein Masseelement, der sogenannte Niethammer, mit einer definierten Anfangsbeschleunigung durch Erzeugung eines elektrischen Feldes in Richtung des Nietelementes geschossen wird. Dabei muss die dem Masseelement aufgeprägte Beschleunigung bereits der Endbeschleunigung entsprechen, sodass hier zum Teil extreme Beschleunigungen umgesetzt werden müssen. Eine solche Ausführung hat insbesondere den Nachteil, dass die aufzubringende hohe Beschleunigung neben einem erheblichen Energiebedarf zu einer hohen Belastung der Bauteile des Nietadapters führt.Next is from the US 5,774,968 a riveting machine has become known in which a mass element, the so-called riveting hammer, is shot at a defined initial acceleration by generating an electric field in the direction of the rivet element. In this case, the acceleration applied to the mass element must already correspond to the final acceleration, so that in some cases extreme accelerations must be implemented here. Such a design has the particular disadvantage that the high acceleration to be applied leads not only to a considerable energy requirement but also to a high load on the components of the rivet adapter.

Es ist deshalb Aufgabe der Erfindung einen Fixiermechanismus für Verbindungselemente vorzuschlagen, der eine präzise und geräuscharme Montage der Verbindungselemente ermöglicht.It is therefore an object of the invention to propose a fixing mechanism for fasteners, which allows a precise and low-noise mounting of the connecting elements.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß durch die kennzeichnenden Merkmale des Anspruchs 1 gelöst.This object is achieved by the characterizing features of claim 1.

Damit wird eine präzise Positionierung des lageveränderlichen Masseelementes zur Einstellung einer definierten Beschleunigungsstrecke ermöglichtThis enables a precise positioning of the position-variable mass element for setting a defined acceleration distance

Indem die Aufprallenergie des lageveränderlichen Masseelementes änderbar ist, wird eine hohe Flexibilität in der Anpassung der erzielbaren Aufprallenergie an verschiedene Randbedingungen ermöglicht, die sicherstellt, dass eine Reduzierung, im besten Fall nur ein einziger Arbeitshub zur Verformung eines Nietelementes in den zu verbindenden Bauteilen erforderlich ist. Dies reduziert neben Geräuschbelästigungen vor allem die mechanische Beanspruchung des Nietadapters und des ihn führenden Arbeitsroboters.By the impact energy of the variable-area mass element is changeable, a high flexibility in the adaptation of the achievable impact energy to different boundary conditions is made possible, which ensures that a reduction, in the best case only a single stroke for deformation of a rivet element in the components to be joined is required. This reduces not only noise pollution but above all the mechanical stress of the rivet adapter and the working robot leading to it.

Die Aufprallenergie wird über die Parameter Beschleunigung des lageveränderlichen Masseelementes, Länge der Beschleunigungsstrecke dieses Masseelementes oder dessen Masse beeinflusst, wobei je nach Flexibilität der Anpassung nur einzelne oder alle diese Parameter Berücksichtigung finden. Aufgrund dessen, dass diese Parameter auf einfache Weise änderbar sind, führt dies auch zu einer unkomplizierten Beeinflussung der Aufprallenergie des lageveränderlichen Masseelementes.The impact energy is influenced by the parameters acceleration of the variable-mass mass element, length of the acceleration path of this mass element or its mass, and depending on the flexibility of the adaptation, only individual or all of these parameters are taken into account. Due to the fact that these parameters can be changed in a simple manner, this also leads to an uncomplicated influencing of the impact energy of the position-variable mass element.

Eine besonders vorteilhafte Weiterbildung der Erfindung ergibt sich dann, wenn die Aufprallenergie in Abhängigkeit von spezifischen Eigenschaften der zu verbindenden Bauteile und/oder von spezifischen Eigenschaften der Nietelemente und/oder von der Lage des Nietadapters im Raum bestimmt werden, da gerade diese Parameter maßgeblichen Einfluss auf die erforderliche Verformungsenergie und damit letztlich auf die zu generierende Aufprallenergie haben.A particularly advantageous development of the invention results when the impact energy is determined as a function of specific properties of the components to be joined and / or of specific properties of the rivet elements and / or of the position of the rivet adapter in space, since precisely these parameters have a significant influence have the required deformation energy and thus ultimately on the impact energy to be generated.

Indem das lageveränderliche Masseelement innerhalb des Nietadapters horizontal verfahrbar angeordnet ist, wird auf konstruktiv einfache Weise eine präzise Beschleunigung einer exakt definierten Masse ermöglicht, sodass letztlich die Aufprallenergie präzise einstellbar wird. Aufgrund der zum Teil sehr hohen Beschleunigungen ist es zudem von besonderem Interesse eine möglichst kompakte Form des zu beschleunigenden Masseelementes sicherzustellen. Auf einfache Weise wird dies dadurch erreicht, dass das Masseelement nur von einem Zusatzgewicht und einem diesem zugeordneten, das Nietelement verformenden Stößel sowie einen zumindest diese Elemente aufnehmenden horizontal verfahrbaren Tragrahmen gebildet wird.By the variable-position mass element is arranged horizontally movable within the rivet adapter, a precise acceleration of a precisely defined mass is possible in a structurally simple manner, so that ultimately the impact energy is precisely adjustable. Due to the sometimes very high accelerations, it is also of particular interest to ensure a compact form of the mass element to be accelerated. In a simple way, this is achieved in that the mass element is formed only by an additional weight and associated therewith, the rivet element deforming plunger and at least one of these elements receiving horizontally movable support frame.

Damit nach dem Kontakt des Stößels mit dem Nietelement eine Rückfederung und damit ein mehrmaliges Kontaktieren des Nietelementes durch den Stößel vermieden wird, nimmt der Nietadapter zudem eine Klemmeinheit auf, die einerseits nach Durchlaufen der Beschleunigungsstrecke eine definierte Verzögerung der Linearführeinrichtung des lageveränderlichen Masseelementes bewirkt und zudem die Bewegung des lageveränderlichen Masseelementes nach dem Kontakt mit dem Nietelement abbremst. Das Abbremsen der Linearführeinrichtung und des lageveränderlichen Masseelementes kann im einfachsten durch pneumatisches Klemmen erfolgen.So that after the contact of the plunger with the rivet element springback and thus repeated contact of the rivet by the plunger is avoided, the Nietadapter also takes on a clamping unit on the one hand after passing through the acceleration section causes a defined delay of the linear guide of the variable position mass element and also the Movement of the variable-mass mass element decelerates after contact with the rivet. The braking of the linear guide and the variable-position mass element can be done in the simplest way by pneumatic clamping.

In vorteilhafter Weiterbildung der Erfindung wird das Masseelement in horizontaler Richtung innerhalb des Nietadapters bewegt.In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the mass element is moved in the horizontal direction within the rivet adapter.

Eine einfache Einstellung der ermittelten Länge der Beschleunigungsstrecke wird dann möglich, wenn dem lageveränderlichen Masseelement ein Linearführungssystem zugeordnet ist, dessen Wegmesssystem von einem mittels an sich bekanntem Sensor abgreifbaren Lineal gebildet wird, wobei das Lineal im einfachsten Fall unmittelbar in die Führungsschienen des lageveränderlichen Masseelementes integriert ist.A simple adjustment of the determined length of the acceleration section becomes possible if the position-variable mass element is assigned a linear guide system whose path measuring system is formed by a ruler which can be tapped by means of a known sensor, wherein in the simplest case the ruler is integrated directly into the guide rails of the position-variable mass element ,

Aufgrund dessen, dass die horizontale Komponente der Schwerkraft des lageveränderlichen Masseelementes je nach horizontaler Ausrichtung des Nietadapters entweder in oder entgegen der Nietrichtung wirkt, macht eine präzise Einstellung der Aufprallenergie Informationen über die momentane Ausrichtung des Nietadapters erforderlich. Im einfachsten Fall können derartige Informationen dadurch bereitgestellt werden, dass ein als Neigungssensor ausgebildeter Lagesensor am Nietadapter oder an dem den Nietadapter aufnehmenden Segment des Arbeitsroboters angeordnet ist.Due to the fact that the horizontal component of the gravity of the variable-area mass element acts either in or against the direction of flow, depending on the horizontal orientation of the rivet adapter, precise adjustment of the impact energy requires information about the instantaneous orientation of the rivet adapter. In the simplest case, such information can be provided by arranging a position sensor designed as a tilt sensor on the rivet adapter or on the segment of the working robot receiving the rivet adapter.

Aufgrund der komplexen Zusammenhänge zwischen den die Aufprallenergie beeinflussenden Parametern ist es zweckmäßig dem Nietadapter eine Steuer- und Recheneinheit zuzuordnen, in der abarbeitbare Berechnungsalgorithmen editierbar hinterlegt sind, die unter Berücksichtigung der verschiedenen Eingangsdaten die erforderliche Aufprallenergie und die Größe der einzelnen Parameter, wie die Masse des lageveränderlichen Masseelementes, dessen Beschleunigung und die Länge der Beschleunigungsstrecke ermitteln.Due to the complex relationships between the parameters influencing the impact energy, it is expedient to assign the rivet adapter a control unit in which executable calculation algorithms can be edited, which take into account the various input data the required impact energy and the size of the individual parameters, such as the mass of the position variable mass element, determine its acceleration and the length of the acceleration section.

In vorteilhafter Weiterbildung der Erfindung kann die Steuer- und Recheneinheit so ausgeführt sein, dass die in ihr generierten Ausgangssignale unmittelbar die Einstellung der verschiedenen Parameter in dem Nietadapter bewirkt.In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the control and computing unit can be designed so that the output signals generated in it directly causes the setting of the various parameters in the rivet adapter.

Zur besseren Überwachung der ablaufenden Vorgänge kann der Steuer- und Recheneinheit zudem ein Anzeigemonitor in der Weise zugeordnet sein, dass dem Betreiber der Nietsetzarbeitsstation die verschiedenen von dem System berücksichtigten Eingangsdaten und die ermittelten Ausgangsdaten visuell anzeigt werden.For better monitoring of the running processes, the control and computing unit can also be assigned a display monitor in such a way that the operator of the rivet setting workstation is visually displayed the various input data taken into account by the system and the determined output data.

Zur Einpassung des erfindungsgemäßen Nietadapters in bestehende Produktionsabläufe ist es zudem von Vorteil, wenn der Nietadapter als Endeffektor eines Arbeitsroboters ausgeführt ist, sodass er problemlos in bestehende Produktionsabläufe integrierbar ist.For fitting the rivet adapter according to the invention in existing production processes, it is also advantageous if the rivet adapter is designed as an end effector of a working robot, so that it can be easily integrated into existing production processes.

Weitere vorteilhafte Ausführungen sind Gegenstand weiterer Unteransprüche und werden nachfolgend an Hand eines in mehreren Figuren dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiels beschrieben. Es zeigen:

Fig.1
eine räumliche Ansicht der erfindungsgemäßen Nietsetzarbeitsstation
Fig.2
den erfindungsgemäßen Nietadapter in einer Detailansicht
Fig.3
den Schwerkraftverlauf am Nietadapter in verschiedenen Arbeitspositionen
Fig.4
eine schematische Darstellung der Parameterermittlung am Nietadapter
Further advantageous embodiments are the subject of further subclaims and are described below with reference to an embodiment shown in several figures. Show it:
Fig.1
a spatial view of Nietsetzarbeitsstation invention
Fig.2
the rivet adapter according to the invention in a detailed view
Figure 3
the gravity curve at the rivet adapter in different working positions
Figure 4
a schematic representation of the parameter determination on Nietadapter

Fig. 1 zeigt eine Nietsetzarbeitsstation 1 die im Wesentlichen aus einem ersten, einen Lagefixieradapter 3 für vorzugsweise Nietelemente 4 schwenkbeweglich aufnehmenden Arbeitsroboter 2 sowie einem weiteren den erfindungsgemäßen Nietadapter 5 schwenkbeweglich führenden Arbeitsroboter 6 gebildet wird. In an sich bekannter Weise sind die Segmente 7, 8 der Arbeitsroboter 2, 6 um beliebig im Raum angeordnete Schwenkachsen 9, 10 verschwenkbar, sodass der von dem jeweiligen Arbeitsroboter 2, 6 geführte Lagefixieradapter 2 und der Nietadapter 5 beliebige Positionen innerhalb der Arbeitsbereiche der Arbeitsroboter 2, 6 einnehmen können. Die Arbeitsbereiche beider Arbeitsroboter 2, 6 sind so aufeinander abgestimmt, dass sie zumindest in einem Teilbereich ihrer Aktionsradien zusammenarbeiten können. In diesem Bereich sind der dargestellten Nietsetzarbeitsstadion 1 miteinander zu verbindende Bauteile 11 zugeordnet, sodass der Lagefixieradapter 3 und der Nietadapter 5 bei der Einbringung und Fixierung von Nietelementen 4 in die miteinander zu verbindenden Bauteile 11 zusammenarbeiten können. Fig. 1 shows a Nietsetzarbeitsstation 1 essentially from a first, a position fixing adapter 3 for preferably rivet elements 4 pivotally receiving working robot 2 and another the inventive Nietadapter 5 pivotally leading working robot 6 is formed. In known manner, the segments 7, 8 of the working robot 2, 6 to arbitrarily arranged in space pivot axes 9, 10 are pivotable, so that guided by the respective working robot 2, 6 Lagefixieradapter 2 and the Nietadapter 5 arbitrary positions within the working areas of the working robot 2, 6 can take. The working areas of both working robots 2, 6 are coordinated so that they can work together at least in a partial area of their action radii. In this area, the Nietsetzarbeitsstadion 1 shown are associated with each other to be joined components 11 so that the Lagefixieradapter 3 and the Nietadapter 5 can cooperate in the introduction and fixation of rivet elements 4 in the interconnected components 11.

In an sich bekannter und deshalb nicht näher beschriebenen Weise kann der an dem frontseitigen Segment 7 des ersten Arbeitsroboters 2 schwenkbar angeordnete Lagefixieradapter 3 so ausgeführt sein, dass seine frontseitige Adaptiereinheit 12 sowohl Werkzeuge 13 zum Einbringen von Bohrungen 14 in die zu verbindenden Bauteile 11 als auch die Nietelemente 4 zum Verbinden der Bauteile 11 aufnehmen kann. In der Regel arbeitet die Adaptiereinheit 12 mit entsprechenden Werkzeug- und Verbindungselementspeichern zusammen (nicht dargestellt), aus denen einerseits verschiedene Werkzeuge 13 entnommen und in diese zurückgeführt werden können und andererseits der Adaptiereinheit 12 verschiedenste Nietelemente 4 zugeführt werden können. Im dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel wurde der Adaptiereinheit 12 des Lagefixieradapters 3 ein Nietelement 4 übergeben, welches diese durch Verschwenken der Segmente 7 des Arbeitsroboters 2 in eine der die zu verbindenden Bauteile 11 durchsetzenden Bohrungen 14 in der Weise einfügt, dass der Kopf 15 des Nietelementes 4 bündig an dem, dem Lagefixieradapter 3 zugeordneten Bauteil 11 anliegt. Es liegt im Rahmen der Erfindung, dass die Adaptiereinheit 12 auch mehrere Nietelemente 4 aufnehmen kann, sodass zugleich mehrere Nietelemente 4 in die entsprechenden Bohrungen 14 eingesetzt und in dieser Position fixiert werden können. Weiter ist es auch denkbar, dass die Segmente 7 des den Lagefixieradapter 3 aufnehmenden Arbeitsroboters 2 in der Arbeitsposition in ihrer Position fix sind und nur die Adaptiereinheit 12 beispielsweise horizontal verschiebbar ausgeführt ist, sodass zunächst das Werkzeug 13 die Bohrung 14 bearbeiten oder herstellen und sodann das Einsetzen des Nietelementes 4 erfolgen kann.In a manner known per se and therefore not described in greater detail, the position fixing adapter 3 pivotally arranged on the front segment 7 of the first working robot 2 can be designed so that its front adaptation unit 12 both tools 13 for introducing holes 14 in the components 11 to be joined as well the rivet elements 4 can accommodate for connecting the components 11. As a rule, the adaptation unit 12 cooperates with corresponding tool and connection element stores (not shown), from which various tools 13 can be removed and returned to them, on the one hand, and a variety of rivet elements 4, on the other hand, for the adaptation unit 12 can be supplied. In the illustrated embodiment, the adaptation unit 12 of the position fixing adapter 3 has been given a rivet element 4, which inserts this by pivoting the segments 7 of the working robot 2 in one of the components to be joined 11 passing through holes 14 in such a way that the head 15 of the rivet element 4 flush the, the Lagefixieradapter 3 associated component 11 is applied. It is within the scope of the invention that the adaptation unit 12 can also accommodate a plurality of rivet elements 4, so that at the same time several rivet elements 4 can be inserted into the corresponding holes 14 and fixed in this position. Further, it is also conceivable that the segments 7 of the position fixing adapter 3 receiving working robot 2 are fixed in the working position in position and only the Adaptiereinheit 12 is designed, for example, horizontally displaceable, so that the first tool 13 edit the bore 14 or manufacture and then the Insertion of the rivet element 4 can take place.

Sind ein oder mehrere Nietelemente 4 durch den Lagefixieradapter 12 in die zu verbindenden Bauteile 11 eingefügt worden, wird im nächsten Schritt durch den erfindungsgemäßen und noch näher zu beschreibenden Nietadapter 5 das Verformen der Nietelemente 4 und damit das Verbinden der Bauteile 11 vorgenommen. Dabei wird der Nietadapter 5 durch Verschwenken der Segmente 8 des den Nietadapter 5 tragenden Arbeitsroboters 6 um die jeweiligen Schwenkachsen 10 an das jeweilige Nietelement 4 herangeführt.If one or more rivet elements 4 have been inserted into the components 11 to be joined by the position fixing adapter 12, the deformation of the rivet elements 4 and thus the connection of the components 11 are carried out in the next step by the rivet adapter 5 according to the invention and to be described in more detail. In this case, the rivet adapter 5 is brought to the respective rivet element 4 by pivoting the segments 8 of the working robot 6 carrying the rivet adapter 5 about the respective pivot axes 10.

Gemäß Fig. 2 ist der Tragrahmen 16 des erfindungsgemäßen Nietadapters 5 im einfachsten Fall mittels Schraubverbindungen drehfest mit dem Adaptierflansch 17 des frontseitigen Segments 8 des entsprechenden Arbeitsroboters 6 verbunden, sodass der Nietadapter 5 durch Verschwenken der einzelnen Segmente 8 des Arbeitsroboters 6 um die jeweiligen Schwenkachsen 10 präzise im Arbeitsbereich des Arbeitsroboters 6 geführt werden kann. Dem drehfest mit dem Arbeitsroboter 6 verbundenen Tragrahmen 16 des Nietadapters 5 sind in seinen äußeren Randbereichen als Pneumatikzylinder 18 ausgeführte Verstellmittel 19 zugeordnet, die kolbenstangenseitig mit an einem Zwischenrahmen 21 des Nietadapters 5 fixierten Stellflanschen 20 verbunden sind. Der Zwischenrahmen 21 ist so in dem Nietadapter 5 gelagert, dass er bei Druckbeaufschlagung oder Druckentlastung der in den Tragrahmen 16 integrierten Pneumatikzylinder 18 in horizontaler Richtung 22 relativ zum Tragrahmen 16 verfahrbar ist. Fronseitig wird der Zwischenrahmen 21 von einer sogenannten Druckstempelbuchse 23 durchsetzt, die den Zwischenrahmen 21 an seinem frontseitigen Ende überragt. Durch Druckbeaufschlagung der im Tragrahmen 16 angeordneten Pneumatikzylinder 18 kann der Zwischenrahmen 21 so an das die zu verbindenden Bauteile 11 durchsetzende Nietelement 4 herangeführt werden, dass das frontseitige Ende der Druckstempelbuchse 23 fest auf dem ihr zugewandten Bauteil 11 aufsitzt und das freie Ende des Nietelementes 4 wenigstens teilweise in die Druckstempelbuchse 23 hineinragt, wobei zugleich die Position des Nietelementes 4 innerhalb der zu verbindenden Bauteile 11 festgelegt ist. Es liegt im Rahmen der Erfindung, dass die beschriebenen Pneumatikzylinder 18 zur genaueren Positionierung des Zwischenrahmens 21 auch durch nicht dargestellte elektrisch betriebene Linearmotoren ersetzt sein können.According to Fig. 2 the support frame 16 of the rivet adapter 5 according to the invention in the simplest case by means of screw rotatably connected to the adapter flange 17 of the front segment 8 of the corresponding working robot 6, so that the rivet adapter 5 by pivoting the individual segments 8 of the working robot 6 to the respective pivot axes 10 precisely in the working area of Working robot 6 can be performed. The non-rotatably connected to the working robot 6 supporting frame 16 of the rivet adapter 5 are assigned in its outer edge regions as a pneumatic cylinder 18 adjusting means 19, the piston rod side are fixed to an intermediate frame 21 of the rivet adapter 5 adjusting flanges 20. The intermediate frame 21 is mounted in the rivet adapter 5 so that it is pressurized or depressurized in the support frame 16 integrated pneumatic cylinder 18 in the horizontal direction 22 relative to the support frame 16 is movable. Fronseitig the intermediate frame 21 is penetrated by a so-called plunger sleeve 23, which projects beyond the intermediate frame 21 at its front end. By pressurizing the support frame 16 arranged in the pneumatic cylinder 18, the intermediate frame 21 can be brought to the components to be joined 11 passing rivet 4 so that the front end of the plunger sleeve 23 is firmly seated on its facing member 11 and the free end of the rivet 4 at least partially protrudes into the pressure piston sleeve 23, wherein at the same time the position of the rivet 4 is set within the components 11 to be joined. It is within the scope of the invention that the described pneumatic cylinder 18 may be replaced for more accurate positioning of the intermediate frame 21 by not shown electrically operated linear motors.

Innenseitig sind dem Zwischenrahmen 21 Führungsschienen 24 zugeordnet auf welchen ein weiterer Tragrahmen 25 horizontal verfahrbar angeordnet ist. Die horizontale Verfahrbarkeit des Tragrahmens 25 wird dabei von Verstellmitteln 27 ermöglicht, die als elektrisch betriebene Linearmotoren 26 ausgeführt sind und die an dem Zwischenrahmen 21 fixiert sind, wobei sich deren die Linearmotoren 26 führenden und abstützenden Statoren 28 unterhalb des Tragrahmens 25 entlang des Zwischenrahmens 21 erstrecken und an diesem fixiert sind. Durch Inbetriebnahme der elektrischen Stellmotoren 26 können diese entlang der Statoren 28 verfahren werden, wobei sie über einen ihnen zugeordneten Schubfinger 29 den inneren Tragrahmen 25 des Nietadapters 5 in horizontaler Richtung 30 auf die Druckstempelbuchse 23 zu verfahren. Der relativ zum Zwischenrahmen 21 verfahrbare Tragrahmen 25 nimmt zumindest ein Zusatzgewicht 31 und in seinem frontseitigen Bereich einen Stößel 32 auf, wobei der Stößel 32 so an dem Tragrahmen 25 angeordnet ist, dass er bei dessen horizontaler Bewegung 29 in Richtung der Druckstempelbuchse 23 diese durchsetzen und auf das ihm zugeordnete Ende des Nietelements 4 auftreffen kann. Dabei führt die im Moment des Auftreffens des Stößels 32 auf dem Nietelement 4 dem Stößel 32 innewohnende Energie, im Folgenden als Aufprallenergie 33 bezeichnet, zu einer Deformation des Nietelementes 4 in der Weise, dass das dem Stößel 32 zugeordnete Ende gestaucht und damit eine feste Verbindung der von dem Nietelement 4 durchsetzten Bauteile 11 erreicht wird. Erfindungsgemäß bilden im dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel der in dem Zwischenrahmen 21 verfahrbare Tragrahmen 25, das Zusatzgewicht 31 und der Stößel 32 das lageveränderliche Masseelement 34.On the inside, the intermediate frame 21 guide rails 24 assigned to which a further support frame 25 is arranged horizontally movable. The horizontal mobility of the support frame 25 is made possible by adjusting means 27, which are designed as electrically operated linear motors 26 and which are fixed to the intermediate frame 21, wherein the linear motors 26 leading and supporting stators 28 extend below the support frame 25 along the intermediate frame 21 and are fixed on this. By commissioning the electrical servomotors 26, these can be moved along the stators 28, wherein they move the inner support frame 25 of the Nietadapters 5 in the horizontal direction 30 on the plunger sleeve 23 via their associated push finger 29. The relative to the intermediate frame 21 movable support frame 25 takes at least one additional weight 31 and in its front region on a plunger 32, wherein the plunger 32 is disposed on the support frame 25 so that he enforce this in the horizontal movement 29 in the direction of the plunger sleeve 23 and can impinge on the assigned him end of the rivet 4. The energy inherent in the plunger 32 at the moment of impact of the plunger 32 on the rivet element 4, hereinafter referred to as impact energy 33, results in deformation of the rivet element 4 in such a way that the end associated with the plunger 32 is compressed and thus a firm connection that of the rivet element 4 permeated components 11 is achieved. According to the invention form in the illustrated embodiment, the movable in the intermediate frame 21 support frame 25, the additional weight 31 and the plunger 32, the variable-position mass element 34th

Im frontseitigen, den zu verbindenden Bauteilen 11 zugeordneten Bereich nimmt der Zusatzrahmen 21 zudem eine Klemmeinheit 35 auf, die über zumindest ein Anschlagelement 36 verfügt, welches einerseits die von den Linearmotoren 26 bewirkte Horizontalbewegung 30 des Masseelementes 34 begrenzt und deren Anschlagelement 36 im einfachsten Fall pneumatisch das Masseelement 34 nach erfolgtem Aufprall des Stößels 32 auf dem Nietelement 4 festhält, sodass eine Rückfederung des Masseelementes 34 und eine nochmalige Kontaktierung des Nietelementes 4 vermieden wird. Die pneumatische Fixierung des Masseelementes 34 kann dabei im einfachsten Fall so ausgeführt sein, dass das Zusatzgewicht 31 durch Erzeugung eines Unterdrucks im Bereich des Anschlagelements 36 von diesem angesaugt wird. Es liegt im Rahmen der Erfindung, dass die Klemmeinheit 35 das Masseelement 34 auch an einer anderen Stelle, beispielsweise im Bereich des Tragrahmens 25, fixieren kann. Die Abbremswirkung des lageveränderlichen Masseelementes 34 kann auch dadurch noch erhöht werden, dass dem Schubfinger 29 in nicht dargestellter Weise Dämpfungselemente zugeordnet sind, die zumindest einen Teil der dem rückfedernden Masseelement 34 innewohnende Energie absorbieren.In the front, the components to be joined 11 associated area of the additional frame 21 also receives a clamping unit 35 which has at least one stop element 36 which limits on the one hand caused by the linear motors 26 horizontal movement 30 of the mass element 34 and the stop element 36 in the simplest case pneumatically the mass element 34 holds on the rivet element 4 after a successful impact of the plunger 32, so that springback of the mass element 34 and a repeated contacting of the rivet element 4 is avoided. In the simplest case, the pneumatic fixation of the mass element 34 can be carried out in such a way that the additional weight 31 is sucked in by the vacuum element in the region of the stop element 36. It is within the scope of the invention that the clamping unit 35, the mass element 34 at a different location, for example in the region of the support frame 25, fix. The deceleration effect of the variable-position mass element 34 can also be increased by the fact that damping elements 29 are assigned to the thrust finger 29 in a manner not shown which absorbs at least part of the energy inherent in the spring-back mass element 34.

Die Rückführung des lageveränderlichen Masseelementes 34 in seine Ausgangsposition zur Durchführung eines weiteren Nietvorganges erfolgt durch Rückführung der Linearmotoren 26 in deren Ausgangsposition, wobei die Linearmotoren 26 mittels eines einem Linearhubelement 37 zugeordneten Rückführelement 38 das lageveränderliche Masseelement 34 erfassen und in den der Druckstempelbuchse 23 abgewandten Bereich des Zwischenrahmens 21 gemäß Pfeilrichtung 40 zurückführen, wobei die Lagefixierung in dieser Ausgangsposition im einfachsten Fall durch ein sogenanntes federndes Druckstück 39 bewirkt wird. Damit nun in erfindungsgemäßer Weise die Aufprallenergie 33 des lageveränderlichen Masseelementes 34 einstellbar wird, ist zumindest einer der mit dem Zwischenrahmen 21 verbundenen Führungsschienen 24 eine sogenannte Linearführeinrichtung 41 mit integrierter Wegmessung zugeordnet. Derartige Linearführeinrichtungen 41 sind in der Regel so aufgebaut, dass der sie tragenden Führungsschiene 24 eine Wegmesseinrichtung 42 in Form eines beispielsweise eingravierten Lineals 43 zugeordnet ist und die Linearführeinrichtung 41 über geeignete Sensoren 44 dieses Lineal 43 abgreift, sodass das lageveränderliche Masseelement 34 mittels dieses Lineals 43 exakt positionierbar ist.The return of the variable-position mass element 34 in its initial position for performing a further riveting operation is carried out by returning the linear motors 26 in their initial position, the linear motors 26 detect the variable-position mass element 34 by means of a Linearhubelement 37 associated return element 38 and in the pressure bushing 23 facing away from the area Submit frame 21 in the direction of arrow 40, the position fixing is effected in this initial position in the simplest case by a so-called resilient pressure piece 39. Thus, in the inventive manner, the impact energy 33 of the variable-position mass element 34 is adjustable, at least one of the associated with the intermediate frame 21 guide rails 24 is associated with a so-called linear guide 41 with integrated displacement measurement. Such Linearführeinrichtungen 41 are usually constructed so that the guide rail 24 carrying them is assigned a displacement measuring device 42 in the form of a ruler 43 engraved, for example, and the linear guiding device 41 taps off this ruler 43 via suitable sensors 44, so that the positionally variable mass element 34 can be exactly positioned by means of this ruler 43.

Gemäß geltender physikalischer Gesetzmäßigkeiten wird die Aufprallenergie 33 des Stößels 32 auf dem Nietelement 4 maßgeblich von der Masse des lageveränderlichen Masseelementes 34, dessen Beschleunigung und der verfügbaren Beschleunigungsstrecke 45 bestimmt. Eine erste Möglichkeit der Änderung der Aufprallenergie 33 wäre, Zusatzgewichte 31 unterschiedlicher Masse einzusetzen, wobei höhere Massen der Zusatzgewichte 31 zu höheren Aufprallenergien 33 führen würden. Der Austausch der Zusatzgewichte 31 führt jedoch zu erheblichem Montageaufwand. Zudem ist die auf diese Weise erreichbare Aufprallenergieänderung sehr eingeschränkt, da in der Regel der verfügbare Bauraum eine hohe Flexibilität beim Einsatz von unterschiedlichen Zusatzgewichten 31 nicht zulässt. Erheblich effektvoller ist die Änderung der Aufprallenergie 33 durch Änderung der Beschleunigung des lageveränderlichen Masseelementes 34 und der Länge der zur Beschleunigung des Masseelementes 34 zur Verfügung stehenden Beschleunigungsstrecke 45. Die Änderung der Aufprallenergie 33 durch Änderung der Beschleunigung des lageveränderlichen Masseelementes 34 lässt sich auf einfache Weise dadurch erreichen, dass die Strombeaufschlagung der Linearmotoren 26 geändert wird, wobei höhere Beschleunigen des Masseelementes 34 zur Zunahme der Aufprallenergie 33 führen. Analog hierzu kann die verfügbare Beschleunigungsstrecke 45 variiert werden, wobei eine Zunahme der Beschleunigungsstrecke 45 ebenfalls höhere Aufprallenergien 33 nach sich zieht. Zur Vermeidung hoher Verzögerungskräfte an den Linearmotoren 26 am Ende der Beschleunigung des lageveränderlichen Masseelementes 34 in Richtung des Nietelementes 4, ist innerhalb des Nietadapters 5 zudem eine Verzögerungsstrecke 46 vorgesehen innerhalb derer die Linearmotoren 26 allmählich abgebremst werden, während sich das lageveränderliche Masseelement 34 weiter in Richtung des Nietelementes 4 bewegt und erst nach seinem Kontakt mit dem Nietelement 4 wie zuvor beschrieben mittels der Klemmeinheit 35 abgebremst wird.In accordance with applicable physical laws, the impact energy 33 of the plunger 32 on the rivet element 4 is decisively determined by the mass of the variable-position mass element 34, its acceleration and the available acceleration path 45. A first possibility of changing the impact energy 33 would be to use additional weights 31 of different mass, with higher masses of the additional weights 31 leading to higher impact energies 33. However, the replacement of the additional weights 31 leads to considerable installation effort. In addition, the impact energy change that can be achieved in this way is very limited, since as a rule the available installation space does not allow a high degree of flexibility when using different additional weights 31. Significantly more effective is the change in the impact energy 33 by changing the acceleration of the variable-mass mass element 34 and the length of the accelerating section 45 available for acceleration of the mass element 34. The change in the impact energy 33 by changing the acceleration of the variable-mass element 34 can thereby easily achieve that the current loading of the linear motors 26 is changed, with higher accelerations of the mass element 34 lead to increase in the impact energy 33. Analogously, the available acceleration section 45 can be varied, wherein an increase in the acceleration section 45 also entails higher impact energies 33. To avoid high deceleration forces on the linear motors 26 at the end of the acceleration of the variable position mass element 34 in the direction of the rivet 4, within the Nietadapters 5 also a delay path 46 is provided within which the linear motors 26 are gradually decelerated, while the variable-position mass element 34 continues in the direction the rivet 4 moves and is decelerated only after its contact with the rivet 4 as described above by means of the clamping unit 35.

Damit nun das lageveränderliche Masseelement 34 eine Aufprallenergie 33 generiert, die stets gewährleistet, dass ein einziger Kontakt des Stößels 32 mit dem Nietelement 4 eine ausreichend intensive Deformation des Nietelementes 4 zur Verbindung der Bauteile 11 hervorruft, muss die Änderung der Aufprallenergie 33 insbesondere Materialeigenschaften der zu verbindenden Bauteile 11, Nietelementeigenschaften sowie die Lage des Nietadapters 5 im Raum berücksichtigen. Bezüglich der Verformbarkeit der zu verbindenden Bauteile 11 spielen insbesondere die Materialdicke und materialspezifische Verformungskennwerte wie etwa der Elastizitätsmodul eine Rolle. Analog hierzu hängt die erforderliche Aufprallenergie ganz wesentlich von der Beschaffenheit des Nietelementes 4 selbst ab, wobei hier insbesondere geometrische Abmessungen und Materialkennwerte des Nietelementes 4 eine Rolle spielen. Zudem beeinflusst die Lage des Nietadapters 5 im Raum die generierbare Aufprallenergie 33, da gemäß Fig. 3 je nach Lage des Nietadapters 5 die in Richtung des Stößels 32 wirkende Komponente der Schwerkraft (G, -Gx, +Gx) des lageveränderlichen Masseelementes 34 in oder entgegen der Bewegungsrichtung des lageveränderlichen Massenelementes 34 gerichtet ist. Damit die momentane Lage des Nietadapters 5 bestimmbar wird ist dem Nietadapter 5 zumindest ein an sich bekannter als Neigungssensor 47 ausgeführter Lagesensor 48 zugeordnet, der die Abweichung der Position des Nietadapters 5 aus der lotrechten Anordnung bestimmt. Aufgrund dessen, dass der Nietadapter 5 drehfest mit dem frontseitigen Element 8 des Arbeitsroboters 6 verbunden ist liegt es im Rahmen der Erfindung den Neigungssensor 47 auch unmittelbar in dieses fronseitige Segment 8 zu integrieren.In order for the position-variable mass element 34 to generate an impact energy 33 which always ensures that a single contact of the plunger 32 with the rivet element 4 causes a sufficiently intensive deformation of the rivet element 4 for connecting the components 11, the change in the impact energy 33 must in particular have material properties connecting components 11, rivet element properties and the position of the rivet adapter 5 in the room considered. With regard to the deformability of the components 11 to be joined, in particular the material thickness and material-specific deformation characteristics, such as the modulus of elasticity, play a role. Analogously, the required impact energy depends very substantially on the nature of the rivet element 4 itself, in which case geometrical dimensions and material characteristics of the rivet element 4 in particular play a role. In addition, the position of the rivet adapter 5 in space influences the generatable impact energy 33, since Fig. 3 Depending on the position of the rivet adapter 5, the component of the force of gravity (G, -Gx, + Gx) of the position-variable mass element 34 acting in the direction of the ram 32 is directed in or counter to the direction of movement of the position-variable mass element 34. So that the instantaneous position of the rivet adapter 5 can be determined, the rivet adapter 5 is assigned at least one position sensor 48, which is known per se as a tilt sensor 47 and determines the deviation of the position of the rivet adapter 5 from the vertical arrangement. Due to the fact that the rivet adapter 5 is non-rotatably connected to the front-side element 8 of the working robot 6, it is within the scope of the invention to integrate the inclination sensor 47 directly into this front-side segment 8.

Damit nun eine Optimierung der Aufprallenergie 33 in der Weise möglich wird, das die Aufprallenergie 33 gerade so hoch voreinstellbar ist, dass eine Verbindung der Bauteile 11 mittels des zu deformierenden Nietelementes 4 durch einen einzigen Kontakt des Stößels 32 des Nietadapters 5 mit dem Nietelement 4 möglich wird, sodass die mechanischen Belastungen des Nietadapters 5 und des ihn tragenden Arbeitsroboters 6 sowie Geräuschemissionen vertretbar gering bleiben, steht der Nietadapter 5 gemäß Fig. 3 mit einer noch näher zu beschreibenden elektronischen Steuer- und Recheneinheit 49 in Wirkverbindung. Je nach Ausführung kann die Steuer- und Recheneinheit 49, wie dargestellt, unmittelbar an dem Nietadapter 5 oder an beliebiger Position des Arbeitsroboters 6 angeordnet sein. Gemäß der schematischen Darstellung in Fig. 4 übergibt der die Neigung des Nietadapters 5 bestimmende Neigungssensor 47 die von ihm generierten Neigungssignale X an die Steuer- und Recheneinheit 49. Zudem verfügt die Steuer- und Recheneinheit 49 über ein Eingabefeld 50, über welches von einem Bediener unter anderem die Masse des lageveränderlichen Masseelementes 34 sowie spezifische Daten des Nietelementes 4 und/oder der zu verbindenden Bauteile 11 eingegeben werden können, wobei der Steuer- und Recheneinheit 49 zudem ein Speichermodul 51 zugeordnet ist, welches die verschiedenen an die Steuer- und Recheneinheit 49 übergebenen Daten editierbar speichern kann. Damit der Bediener die ablaufenden Prozesse nachvollziehen kann, verfügt die Steuer- und Recheneinheit 49 zudem über einen Anzeigemonitor 52 auf dem verschiedenste Prozessdaten alphanumerisch oder graphisch darstellbar sind. In der Steuer- und Recheneinheit 49 sind zudem Berechnungsalgorithmen 54 hinterlegt, die aus den an die Steuer- und Recheneinheit 49 übergebenen Eingangsdaten 53, wie etwa die Masse des lageveränderlichen Masseelementes 34 sowie die spezifischen Daten des Verbindungselementes 4 und der zu verbindenden Bauteile 11, Ausgangsdaten 55 ermittelt. Die Ausgangsdaten 55 umfassen dabei zunächst optimierte Werte für die erforderliche Aufprallenergie 33 sowie Einstellparameter 56 für verschiedene, die Aufprallenergie 33 beeinflussende Funktionsbaugruppen des Nietadapters 5. Dabei umfassen die ermittelten Einstellparameter 56 die Länge der Beschleunigungsstrecke 45, die mittels der Linearmotoren 26 zu erreichenden Beschleunigungen des lageveränderlichen Masseelementes 34 und gegebenenfalls die erforderliche Masse des lageveränderlichen Masseelementes 34, die im einfachsten Fall auf die erforderliche Masse des Zusatzgewichtes 31 beschränkt sein kann. Schließlich generiert die Steuer- und Recheneinheit 49 Ausgangssignale Y1..Yn die entweder über ein Datenleitungssystem 57 oder drahtlos an die entsprechenden Organe des Nietadapters 5 übergeben werden und die an diesen Organen zur Einstellung der ermittelten Ausgangsdaten 55 führen. Im einfachsten Fall kann die erforderliche Länge der Beschleunigungsstrecke 45 in der Weise eingestellt werden, dass das entsprechende Ausgangssignal Y1 an die Linearführeinrichtung 41 übergeben wird und diese mittels der Wegmesseinrichtung 42 die genaue Positionierung des lageveränderlichen Masseelementes 34 vornimmt, sodass die ermittelte Beschleunigungsstrecke 45 von dem Masseelement 34 auch durchlaufen werden kann. Weiter können die in den Ausgangssignalen Y codierten Beschleunigungen des lageveränderlichen Masseelementes 34 an die Linearmotoren 26 übergeben werden, wobei die den Linearmotoren 26 zugeordneten an sich bekannten und deshalb nicht näher dargestellten Steuereinheiten aus diesen Beschleunigungssignalen Y2 Beschleunigungen der Linearmotoren 26 ermitteln, die schließlich mittels des Schubfingers 29 auf das lageveränderliche Masseelement 34 übertragen werden. Es liegt im Rahmen der Erfindung, dass den Linearmotoren 26 ein separates, nicht dargestelltes Wegmesssystem 42 zu deren präziser Positionierung zugeordnet ist, was letztlich die Flexibilität und Genauigkeit der Einstellbarkeit der Aufprallenergie 33 erhöht Zudem kann über den Anzeigemonitor 52 an den Bediener ein Hinweis ergehen, dass in den Nietadapter 5 integrierte Zusatzgewicht 31 durch ein für die Erreichung der erforderlichen Aufprallenergie 33 besser geeignetes Zusatzgewicht 31 zu ersetzen.So that now an optimization of the impact energy 33 is possible in such a way that the impact energy 33 is just pre-set so high that a connection of the components 11 by means of the rivet element 4 to be deformed by a single contact of the plunger 32 of the rivet adapter 5 with the rivet 4 possible is, so that the mechanical loads of the rivet adapter 5 and the working robot carrying him 6 and noise emissions remain reasonably low, the rivet adapter 5 is according to Fig. 3 with an electronic control and processing unit 49 to be described later. Depending on the design, the control and computing unit 49, as shown, be arranged directly on the rivet adapter 5 or at any position of the working robot 6. According to the schematic representation in Fig. 4 The inclination sensor 47 determining the inclination of the rivet adapter 5 transfers the inclination signals X generated by it to the control and arithmetic unit 49. In addition, the control and arithmetic unit 49 has an input field 50 via which, among other things, the mass of the position-variable mass element 34 can be read by an operator as well as specific data of the rivet element 4 and / or the components to be connected 11 can be entered, wherein the control and arithmetic unit 49 is also assigned a memory module 51, which can store the various transferred to the control and processing unit 49 data editable. In order for the operator to be able to follow the running processes, the control and computing unit 49 also has a display monitor 52 on which various process data can be represented alphanumerically or graphically. In addition, calculation algorithms 54 are stored in the control and arithmetic unit 49, which output data from the transferred to the control and arithmetic unit 49 input data 53, such as the mass of the variable position mass element 34 and the specific data of the connecting element 4 and the components to be connected 11, output data 55 determined. The output data 55 initially comprise optimized values for the required impact energy 33 and adjustment parameters 56 for various impact assemblies 33 influencing functional assemblies of Nietadapters 5. Here, the determined adjustment parameters 56 include the length of the acceleration section 45, the achievable by means of the linear motors 26 accelerations of the position variable Mass element 34 and optionally the required mass of the variable-position mass element 34, which may be limited in the simplest case to the required mass of the additional weight 31. Finally, the control and computing unit 49 generates output signals Y1..Yn which are either transferred via a data line system 57 or wirelessly to the corresponding organs of the rivet adapter 5 and which lead to these organs for setting the determined output data 55. In the simplest case, the required length of the acceleration section 45 can be adjusted in such a way that the corresponding output signal Y1 is transferred to the linear guide 41 and this by means of the path measuring device 42, the exact positioning of the variable position mass element 34 makes, so that the determined acceleration section 45 of the mass element 34 can also be traversed. Further, the accelerations coded in the output signals Y can of the position-variable mass element 34 are transferred to the linear motors 26, wherein the linear motors 26 associated with known and therefore not shown control units from these acceleration signals Y2 accelerations of the linear motors 26 determine that are finally transmitted by means of the push finger 29 on the variable position mass element 34. It is within the scope of the invention that the linear motors 26 a separate, not shown displacement measuring system 42 is associated with their precise positioning, which ultimately increases the flexibility and accuracy of the adjustability of the impact energy 33 Moreover, via the display monitor 52 to the operator an indication, that in the rivet adapter 5 integrated additional weight 31 to replace by a more suitable for the achievement of the required impact energy 33 additional weight 31.

Es liegt im Rahmen des Könnens eines Fachmanns das beschriebene Ausführungsbeispiel in nicht dargestellter Weise abzuwandeln oder in anderen Maschinensystemen einzusetzen, um die beschriebenen Effekte zu erzielen, ohne dabei den Rahmen der Erfindung, sowie sie in den Ansprüchen definiert ist, zu verlassen.It is within the skill of one of skill in the art to modify the described embodiment in a manner not shown or used in other machine systems to achieve the effects described without departing from the scope of the invention as defined in the claims.

Bezugszeichenliste:LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

11
NietsetzarbeitsstationNietsetzarbeitsstation
22
Arbeitsroboterworking robot
33
LagefixieradapterLagefixieradapter
44
Nietelementrivet
55
NietadapterNietadapter
66
Arbeitsroboterworking robot
77
ArbeitsrobotersegmenteWorking robot segments
88th
ArbeitsrobotersegmenteWorking robot segments
99
Schwenkachseswivel axis
1010
Schwenkachseswivel axis
1111
Bauteilecomponents
1212
AdaptiereinheitAdaptiereinheit
1313
WerkzeugTool
1414
Bohrungdrilling
1515
Nietkopfrivet head
1616
Tragrahmensupporting frame
1717
AdaptierflanschAdaptierflansch
1818
Pneumatikzylinderpneumatic cylinder
1919
Verstellmitteladjustment
2020
StellflanschStellflansch
2121
Zwischenrahmenintermediate frame
2222
Richtungdirection
2323
DruckstempelbuchsePlunger socket
2424
Führungsschieneguide rail
2525
Tragrahmensupporting frame
2626
Linearmotorlinear motor
2727
Stellmittelactuating means
2828
Statorstator
2929
Schubfingerthrust finger
3030
Richtungdirection
3131
Zusatzgewichtadditional weight
3232
Stößeltappet
3333
Aufprallenergieimpact energy
3434
Masseelementmass element
3535
Klemmeinheitterminal unit
3636
Anschlagelementstop element
3737
LinearführungssystemLinear guide system
3838
RückführelementReturn element
3939
federndes Klemmstückresilient clamping piece
4040
Pfeilrichtungarrow
4141
LinearführeinrichtungLinear guide device
4242
Wegmesssystemdisplacement measuring system
4343
Linealruler
4444
Sensorsensor
4545
Beschleunigungsstreckeacceleration path
4646
Verzögerungsstreckedelay path
4747
Neigungssensortilt sensor
4848
Lagesensorposition sensor
4949
Steuer- und RecheneinheitControl and computing unit
5050
Eingabefeldinput box
5151
Speichermodulmemory module
5252
Anzeigemonitordisplay monitor
5353
Eingabedateninput data
5454
Berechnungsalgorithmencalculation algorithms
5555
Ausgangsdatenoutput data
5656
EinstellparameterSetting parameters
5757
Datenleitungdata line
XX
Neigungssignaltilt signal
Y1..Yn Y 1 ..Y n
Ausgangssignaleoutput signals

Claims (21)

  1. Apparatus for fixing rivet elements in components, wherein the rivet element is fixed in position in the component in the riveting position at one end by a position fixing adaptor and wherein the rivet element is deformable at the other end by a rivet adaptor and the rivet adaptor has at least one mass element which is variable in position and the impact energy which can be stored in the mass element causes the deformation of the rivet element, wherein the impact energy (33) of the mass element (34) which is variable in position can be changed and the changeability of the impact energy (3) is determined at least by the acceleration of the mass element (34) which is variable in position and/or by the length of the acceleration distance (45) of the mass element (34) which is variable in position and/or by the mass of the mass element (34) which is variable in position, characterised in that the mass element (34) which is variable in position is guided during the acceleration operation by the stator (28) of the at least one linear motor (26).
  2. Apparatus for fixing rivet elements in components according to claim 1 characterised in that the impact energy (33) of the mass element (34) which is variable in position is adjustable in dependence on specific properties of the components (11) to be connected and/or specific properties of the rivet elements (4) and/or the position of the rivet adaptor (5) in space.
  3. Apparatus for fixing rivet elements in components according to one of the preceding claims characterised in that the rivet adaptor (5) has at least one intermediate frame (21) which by way of linear guides (24) carries the mass element (34) which is variable in position.
  4. Apparatus for fixing rivet elements in components according to one of the preceding claims characterised in that the mass element (34) which is variable in position is guided at both sides in linear guides (24) and at the front side carries a ram (32) for transmission of the impact energy (33) to the rivet element.
  5. Apparatus for fixing rivet elements in components according to claim 4 characterised in that the mass of the mass element (34) which is variable in position is determined by the moved masses of the linear guide arrangement (41) and includes at least the ram (32), at least one defined additional weight (31) and a carrier frame (25) carrying at least the ram (32) and the additional weight (31).
  6. Apparatus for fixing rivet elements in components according to one of the preceding claims characterised in that an abutment element (36) formed by a clamping unit (35) limits the acceleration distance (45) of the mass element (34) which is variable in position and initiates a defined retardation of the mass element (34) which is variable in position after contact thereof with the rivet element (4).
  7. Apparatus for fixing rivet elements in components according to claim 6 characterised in that the retardation is implemented by pneumatically clamping the additional weight (31) of the mass element (34) which is variable in position.
  8. Apparatus for fixing rivet elements in components according to one of the preceding claims characterised in that there are provided setting means (27) for the movement of the mass element (34) which is variable in position, which permits movement of the mass element (34) which is variable in position along the guide rails (24) in opposite directions (30, 40).
  9. Apparatus for fixing rivet elements in components according to claim 8 characterised in that the setting means (27) are in the form of electrically operated linear motors (26) with a separate travel measuring system (42).
  10. Apparatus for fixing rivet elements in components according to one of the preceding claims characterised in that a travel measuring system (42) is associated with the mass element (34) which is variable in position and wherein the travel measuring system (42) is integrated into a linear guide system (39).
  11. Apparatus for fixing rivet elements in components according to claim 10 characterised in that the linear guide system (39) includes at least one guide rail (24) and the travel measuring system (42) includes a scale (43) incorporated into the guide rail (24).
  12. Apparatus for fixing rivet elements in components according to claim 11 characterised in that the linear guide system (39) includes in per se known manner a sensor (44) for sensing the scale (43).
  13. Apparatus for fixing rivet elements in components according to one of the preceding claims characterised in that at least one per se known position sensor (48) is associated with the rivet adaptor (5).
  14. Apparatus for fixing rivet elements in components according to claim 13 characterised in that the position sensor (48) is in the form of an inclination sensor (47).
  15. Apparatus for fixing rivet elements in components according to one of the preceding claims characterised in that associated with the rivet adaptor (5) is a control and calculating unit (49) to which the signals (X1, X2) generated by the at least one position sensor (47, 48) and the travel measuring system (42) are passed as input signals (X) and in which the mass of the mass element (34) which is variable in position and specific data of the rivet elements (4) and/or the components (11) are editably stored.
  16. Apparatus for fixing rivet elements in components according to claim 13 characterised in that one or more calculation algorithms (54) for ascertaining the required impact energy (34) are stored in the control and calculating unit (49) and wherein the calculation algorithm or algorithms (54) take account as input data (53) of the mass of the mass element (34) which is variable in position and/or the specific data of the rivet elements (4) and/or the specific data of the components (11) and/or the input signals (X) of the position sensor (47, 48) and the travel measuring system (42).
  17. Apparatus for fixing rivet elements in components according to one of the preceding claims characterised in that the length of the acceleration distance (45) and/or the required accelerations of the mass element (34) which is variable in position and/or the required mass of the mass element (34) which is variable in position are determined from the ascertained impact energy (33) in the control and calculating unit (49) as output data (55).
  18. Apparatus for fixing rivet elements in components according to one of the preceding claims characterised in that the output data (55) are passed as output signals (Y1...Yi) to the rivet adaptor (5) and therein cause the change in the length of the acceleration distance (45) by displacement of the mass element (34) which is variable in position and/or the acceleration of the mass element (34) which is variable in position by changing the acceleration of the linear motors (26) which accelerate the mass element (34) which is variable in position.
  19. Apparatus for fixing rivet elements in components according to one of the preceding claims characterised in that a display monitor (52) is associated with the control and calculating unit (49) and the display monitor (52) can display the input data (X), the generated output data (Y) and the adjusting parameters (56).
  20. Apparatus for fixing rivet elements in components according to one of the preceding claims characterised in that the rivet adaptor (5) is in the form of an end effector (8) of a single-axis or multi-axis working robot (6).
  21. Apparatus for fixing rivet elements in components according to claim 20 characterised in that the at least one position sensor (48) is associated with the end effector (8).
EP05001307A 2004-02-05 2005-01-22 Device for setting rivets in components Not-in-force EP1561526B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102004005859 2004-02-05
DE102004005859A DE102004005859A1 (en) 2004-02-05 2004-02-05 Device for fixing rivet elements in components

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EP1561526A1 EP1561526A1 (en) 2005-08-10
EP1561526B1 true EP1561526B1 (en) 2008-06-04

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EP05001307A Not-in-force EP1561526B1 (en) 2004-02-05 2005-01-22 Device for setting rivets in components

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US (1) US7805829B2 (en)
EP (1) EP1561526B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE397502T1 (en)
DE (2) DE102004005859A1 (en)
ES (1) ES2308316T3 (en)

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ITTO20060581A1 (en) * 2006-08-04 2008-02-05 Bruno Bisiach DEVICE AND METHOD OF WORKING A PIECE TO BE WORKED, AS FOR EXAMPLE A STRUCTURE SHELLED OF A AIRCRAFT
FR2914208B1 (en) * 2007-03-30 2009-05-08 Eads Europ Aeronautic Defence RING INSERTION AND CRIMPING DEVICE FOR CLOSED RING FITTING ON A ROD.
US8468671B2 (en) * 2007-11-02 2013-06-25 Electroimpact, Inc. System for loading collars onto bolts in large-scale manufacturing operations
JP2010274396A (en) * 2009-06-01 2010-12-09 Kawasaki Heavy Ind Ltd Displacement correcting method and program in automatic operation system
US9314856B2 (en) * 2013-07-02 2016-04-19 The Boeing Company Pressure foot offset nose piece
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US10835948B2 (en) 2014-07-09 2020-11-17 The Boeing Company Adjustable retaining structure for a cradle fixture
CN105034008B (en) * 2015-09-15 2017-03-22 南京航空航天大学 Intelligent flexible production line with double robot cooperative automatic assembling and operation method for same
ES2632166B1 (en) * 2016-02-08 2018-05-08 Manuel Torres Martinez CURVED LAMINARY SURFACE MACHINING DEVICE
CN107749232A (en) * 2017-11-22 2018-03-02 上海交通大学 A kind of flexible training set and Training Methodology for aircraft annular pneumatic riveting
CN109227539B (en) * 2018-09-27 2021-12-17 北京邮电大学 Method for minimizing collision force of space flexible mechanical arm
US10987767B2 (en) * 2018-12-17 2021-04-27 The Boeing Company Receiver-fastener apparatuses and systems for joining panels
US10981277B2 (en) 2018-12-17 2021-04-20 The Boeing Company Shank-fastener apparatuses and methods for joining panels
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KR102533057B1 (en) * 2022-09-19 2023-05-16 고부규 Rivet upset system and method

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Publication number Publication date
US7805829B2 (en) 2010-10-05
DE102004005859A1 (en) 2005-08-25
ES2308316T3 (en) 2008-12-01
EP1561526A1 (en) 2005-08-10
ATE397502T1 (en) 2008-06-15
DE502005004322D1 (en) 2008-07-17
US20050172481A1 (en) 2005-08-11

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