EP1556303A1 - Monitoring apparatus for lift doors and/or cars - Google Patents

Monitoring apparatus for lift doors and/or cars

Info

Publication number
EP1556303A1
EP1556303A1 EP03809415A EP03809415A EP1556303A1 EP 1556303 A1 EP1556303 A1 EP 1556303A1 EP 03809415 A EP03809415 A EP 03809415A EP 03809415 A EP03809415 A EP 03809415A EP 1556303 A1 EP1556303 A1 EP 1556303A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
doors
car
actuating
cars
detect
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP03809415A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1556303B1 (en
Inventor
Paolo Giorgioni
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Wittur SpA
Original Assignee
Wittur SpA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Wittur SpA filed Critical Wittur SpA
Publication of EP1556303A1 publication Critical patent/EP1556303A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1556303B1 publication Critical patent/EP1556303B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
    • B66B13/00—Doors, gates, or other apparatus controlling access to, or exit from, cages or lift well landings
    • B66B13/02—Door or gate operation
    • B66B13/14—Control systems or devices
    • B66B13/143—Control systems or devices electrical
    • B66B13/146—Control systems or devices electrical method or algorithm for controlling doors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
    • B66B13/00—Doors, gates, or other apparatus controlling access to, or exit from, cages or lift well landings
    • B66B13/30—Constructional features of doors or gates
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
    • B66B5/00—Applications of checking, fault-correcting, or safety devices in elevators
    • B66B5/0006—Monitoring devices or performance analysers
    • B66B5/0018—Devices monitoring the operating condition of the elevator system
    • B66B5/0025—Devices monitoring the operating condition of the elevator system for maintenance or repair

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an apparatus and a method for diagnosing failures and/of malfunctions, in particular for lift doors and/or cars.
  • This information is then processed with various types of logic: natural logic, neural logic or through recursive algorithms (such as the Kalman filter).
  • An aim of the present invention is to make available a totally innovative apparatus and method, able to identify and prevent failure conditions or malfunctions of lift doors and/or cars.
  • Another aim of the present invention is to propose an apparatus and a method for diagnosing failures and/or malfunctions that allow to monitor the operation of a system remotely, for instance via the Internet.
  • An additional aim of the present invention is to make available an apparatus that allows to perform adjustments from a remote station, for instance on the doors or on the car winch.
  • Yet another aim of the present invention is to provide an apparatus that allows to monitor the wear of mechanical components, in particular of door actuation mechanisms.
  • a further aim is to obtain the above results within the context of a simple, rational and reliable constructive solution.
  • the apparatus comprises: at least an accelerometric sensor associated to mechanisms for actuating the doors to detect their condition of motion; and/or at least a sensor of acoustic signals associated with mechanisms for actuating the doors to detect their acoustic emissions; and/or at least an optical sensor associated with at least a traction cable for doors and/or cars to detect any unravelling of said cable.
  • the method is characterised in that it comprises the following steps: detecting the acceleration of mechanisms for actuating the doors; and/or detecting acoustic signals emitted by mechanisms for actuating the doors; and/or detecting, with automatic optical means, any unravelling of at least a traction cable associated with the doors or with the car; and/or measuring the electrical voltage that occurs during transients associated with the closure of electrical contacts in doors and/or in the car; and processing the detected signals and comparing them with reference parameters.
  • the apparatus for diagnosing failures and/or malfunctions, in particular for lift doors and/or cars originally comprises: at least an accelerometric sensor associated with mechanisms for actuating the doors to detect their condition of motion; and/or at least a sensor of acoustic signals associated with mechanisms for actuating the doors to detect their acoustic emissions; and/or at least an optical sensor associated with at least a traction cable of doors and/or cars to detect any unravelling of the cable.
  • These sensors are preferably miniaturised and can be buried within mechanical and/or structural components of the doors and/or of the cars.
  • accelerometric sensors to detect the condition of motion of the doors allows to monitor, in particular, the wear of sliding and rotating components of the mechanisms for actuating the doors.
  • the sensors of acoustic signals to detect the noisiness of the cinematic mechanisms provide for the use of one or more piezoelectric microphones.
  • the optical sensor preferably comprises at least a transmitter of a laser signal, at least a signal receiver situated opposite to the transmitter relative to the cable to be monitored and at least an optical lens interposed between the transmitter and the receiver and intercepting the laser signal.
  • any unravelling of the cable is detected, since the unravelling itself constitutes an obstruction to the propagation of the laser signal from the transmitter to the receiver.
  • said laser signal is in the form of a luminous blade.
  • Such an optical sensor has the important advantages of having a high response speed and to be more economical of a traditional vision system, for instance with a television camera.
  • the apparatus comprises electronic means for controlling the revolutions per minute of a motor for actuating the car and/or a motor for actuating the mechanisms for opening and closing the doors.
  • said electronic means are preferably constituted by an encoder associated with the aforesaid motors.
  • the apparatus is provided with sensors for measuring the electrical voltage that is generated during the transients associated with the closure of electrical contacts of doors and/or of the car.
  • the data and measurements obtained by the sensors are acquired and processed by automatic processors that compare them with reference parameters.
  • Said processors are based on an algorithm for recognising a "pattern”, according to the known concept of "pattern recognition", through which any event can be described.
  • pattern recognition allows to use both continuous variables and discrete variables, in order to identify a state vector able exhaustively to describe the instantaneous state of the operating condition of the system.
  • processors based on neural networks able autonomously to learn and recognise in adaptive fashion new types of failures, without requiring specific calibrations or realignments as a function of new parameters.
  • the management of processors and sensors, as well as the analysis of any failures can also be conducted remotely, appropriately connecting the apparatus to a computer network with access to the Internet or more simply by means of a modem and the telephone line.
  • a load weighing device on the car, in order to detect the presence of persons inside the car.
  • the load weighing device is preferably obtained by means of load cell connected to and controlled by the aforesaid processors.
  • volumetric sensors for instance a camera in a closed circuit television or connected to the Internet (more properly defined “webcam”).
  • the apparatus of the invention also comprises proximity sensors to measure the distance between the door wing and the threshold and/or between the door wing and the door jamb.
  • the apparatus is also provided with magnetic sensors to verify the operation of the pre-end stops and of the end stops of the motion of the doors.
  • the method of the invention is characterised in that it comprises the following steps:
  • the signal processing step is preferably carried out by means of processors that implement pattern recognition algorithms.
  • such a diagnostic apparatus allows to monitor all the parts subjected to wear of a lift system of any kind, both electric with cables, and hydraulic (direct and with tackle).
  • said apparams allows to conduct preventive maintenance, avoiding to stop the operation of the system because of failures and hence making the lift safer.
  • maintenance operators can monitor every facility directly from their own location, optimising preventive interventions in various geographical areas and reducing maintenance costs.
  • a code can be provided for accessing the processors in order to make adjustments to the system from a remote station, for instance through the Internet.
  • the lift system can be monitored automatically and autonomously by a computer network of the maintenance operators, which network provides the first assistance intervention and notifies technical personnel and/or the fire brigade, if persons are stranded inside the car (the presence of persons in the car is signalled by the load weighing device).

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Power-Operated Mechanisms For Wings (AREA)
  • Maintenance And Inspection Apparatuses For Elevators (AREA)
  • Elevator Door Apparatuses (AREA)
  • Lighting Device Outwards From Vehicle And Optical Signal (AREA)

Abstract

Apparatus for diagnosing failures and/or malfunctions, in particular for lift doors and/or cars, comprising: at least an accelerometric sensor associated with mechanisms for actuating the doors to detect the state of motion; and/or at least a sensor of acoustic signals associated with mechanisms for actuating the doors to detect their acoustic emissions; and/or at least an optical sensor associated with traction cables of doors and/or cars to detect any unravelling of the cables. Method for diagnosing failures and/or malfunctions, in particular for lift doors and/or cars.

Description

MONITORING APPARATUS FOR LIFT DOORS AND/OR CARS
TECHNICAL FIELD AND BACKGROUND ART. The present invention relates to an apparatus and a method for diagnosing failures and/of malfunctions, in particular for lift doors and/or cars.
In the sector of lift facilities, currently existing diagnostics systems totally lack strategies enabling to identify, or better yet to prevent a failure or malfunction condition of a part of the lift, and in particular in regard to the devices for opening and closing the doors. Oftentimes, the failure of such devices to operate gives rise to fatal accidents.
This is due to the fact that, currently, maintenance technicians perform periodic inspections and therefore, between two consecutive inspections, any failure can take place, without any chance to intervene. Moreover, failures and malfunctions take place suddenly and therefore do not allow technicians to complete any kind of preventive intervention.
In this context, to enhance the security of the facilities it is extremely important to introduce a system that automatically identifies the failure conditions or, better yet, that is able to prevent it. The reasons why such systems have not yet been introduced, although the need for them is clear, should be sought in an objective difficulty with their practical implementation, since the parameters to be detected are numerous and hence the types of sensors to be adopted are quite diversified.
Only in the past few years, with the development of "Sensor Fusion" concepts, has it become possible to merge all this diversified information, in order to identify the failure condition, after its occurrence or as it emerges. The term "Sensor Fusion" means the fusion of information coming from multiple sources.
This information is then processed with various types of logic: natural logic, neural logic or through recursive algorithms (such as the Kalman filter).
DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION. An aim of the present invention is to make available a totally innovative apparatus and method, able to identify and prevent failure conditions or malfunctions of lift doors and/or cars.
Another aim of the present invention is to propose an apparatus and a method for diagnosing failures and/or malfunctions that allow to monitor the operation of a system remotely, for instance via the Internet.
An additional aim of the present invention is to make available an apparatus that allows to perform adjustments from a remote station, for instance on the doors or on the car winch.
Yet another aim of the present invention is to provide an apparatus that allows to monitor the wear of mechanical components, in particular of door actuation mechanisms.
A further aim is to obtain the above results within the context of a simple, rational and reliable constructive solution.
Said aims are fully achieved by the apparatus for diagnosing failures and/or malfunctions, in particular for lift doors and/or cars, and by the related method, of the present invention, which are characterised by the content of the claims set out below and in particular in that the apparatus comprises: at least an accelerometric sensor associated to mechanisms for actuating the doors to detect their condition of motion; and/or at least a sensor of acoustic signals associated with mechanisms for actuating the doors to detect their acoustic emissions; and/or at least an optical sensor associated with at least a traction cable for doors and/or cars to detect any unravelling of said cable.
The method is characterised in that it comprises the following steps: detecting the acceleration of mechanisms for actuating the doors; and/or detecting acoustic signals emitted by mechanisms for actuating the doors; and/or detecting, with automatic optical means, any unravelling of at least a traction cable associated with the doors or with the car; and/or measuring the electrical voltage that occurs during transients associated with the closure of electrical contacts in doors and/or in the car; and processing the detected signals and comparing them with reference parameters.
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION.
These and other characteristics shall become more readily apparent from the following description of a preferred embodiment illustrated, purely by way of non limiting example.
The apparatus for diagnosing failures and/or malfunctions, in particular for lift doors and/or cars, originally comprises: at least an accelerometric sensor associated with mechanisms for actuating the doors to detect their condition of motion; and/or at least a sensor of acoustic signals associated with mechanisms for actuating the doors to detect their acoustic emissions; and/or at least an optical sensor associated with at least a traction cable of doors and/or cars to detect any unravelling of the cable.
These sensors are preferably miniaturised and can be buried within mechanical and/or structural components of the doors and/or of the cars.
The use of accelerometric sensors to detect the condition of motion of the doors allows to monitor, in particular, the wear of sliding and rotating components of the mechanisms for actuating the doors.
In the preferred embodiment, the sensors of acoustic signals to detect the noisiness of the cinematic mechanisms provide for the use of one or more piezoelectric microphones. The optical sensor preferably comprises at least a transmitter of a laser signal, at least a signal receiver situated opposite to the transmitter relative to the cable to be monitored and at least an optical lens interposed between the transmitter and the receiver and intercepting the laser signal.
Any unravelling of the cable is detected, since the unravelling itself constitutes an obstruction to the propagation of the laser signal from the transmitter to the receiver. In particular, said laser signal is in the form of a luminous blade.
Such an optical sensor has the important advantages of having a high response speed and to be more economical of a traditional vision system, for instance with a television camera.
In the preferred embodiment, the apparatus comprises electronic means for controlling the revolutions per minute of a motor for actuating the car and/or a motor for actuating the mechanisms for opening and closing the doors. In particular, said electronic means are preferably constituted by an encoder associated with the aforesaid motors. The apparatus is provided with sensors for measuring the electrical voltage that is generated during the transients associated with the closure of electrical contacts of doors and/or of the car.
The data and measurements obtained by the sensors are acquired and processed by automatic processors that compare them with reference parameters. Said processors are based on an algorithm for recognising a "pattern", according to the known concept of "pattern recognition", through which any event can be described. Specifically, pattern recognition allows to use both continuous variables and discrete variables, in order to identify a state vector able exhaustively to describe the instantaneous state of the operating condition of the system.
It is possible to use processors based on neural networks, able autonomously to learn and recognise in adaptive fashion new types of failures, without requiring specific calibrations or realignments as a function of new parameters.
The management of processors and sensors, as well as the analysis of any failures can also be conducted remotely, appropriately connecting the apparatus to a computer network with access to the Internet or more simply by means of a modem and the telephone line. In an alternative embodiment, to enhance the security of the facility it is possible to install a load weighing device on the car, in order to detect the presence of persons inside the car.
The load weighing device is preferably obtained by means of load cell connected to and controlled by the aforesaid processors.
To detect the presence of persons inside the car, it is also possible to use volumetric sensors, for instance a camera in a closed circuit television or connected to the Internet (more properly defined "webcam").
The apparatus of the invention also comprises proximity sensors to measure the distance between the door wing and the threshold and/or between the door wing and the door jamb. In the preferred embodiment, the apparatus is also provided with magnetic sensors to verify the operation of the pre-end stops and of the end stops of the motion of the doors. The method of the invention is characterised in that it comprises the following steps:
- detecting the acceleration of door actuation mechanisms; and/or
- detecting acoustic signals emitted by door actuation mechanisms; and/or
- detecting, by means of automatic optical means, any unravelling of at least a traction cable associated with the doors or with the car; and/or - measuring the electrical voltage that is generated during transients associated with the closure of electrical contacts of the doors and/or of the car; and - processing the measured signals and comparing them with reference parameters. In particular, the signal processing step is preferably carried out by means of processors that implement pattern recognition algorithms. The invention achieves important advantages.
First of all, such a diagnostic apparatus allows to monitor all the parts subjected to wear of a lift system of any kind, both electric with cables, and hydraulic (direct and with tackle). In particular, said apparams allows to conduct preventive maintenance, avoiding to stop the operation of the system because of failures and hence making the lift safer. In the second place, maintenance operators can monitor every facility directly from their own location, optimising preventive interventions in various geographical areas and reducing maintenance costs. Advantageously, a code can be provided for accessing the processors in order to make adjustments to the system from a remote station, for instance through the Internet. Another advantage is given by the fact that, in the case of an interruption to the operation of the system, especially at night and/or during holidays, the lift system can be monitored automatically and autonomously by a computer network of the maintenance operators, which network provides the first assistance intervention and notifies technical personnel and/or the fire brigade, if persons are stranded inside the car (the presence of persons in the car is signalled by the load weighing device).

Claims

1. Apparatus for diagnosing failures and/or malfunctions, in particular for lifts and/or cars, characterised in that it comprises: at least an accelerometric sensor associated with mechanisms for actuating the doors to detect their condition of motion; and/or at least a sensor of acoustic signals associated with mechanisms for actuating the doors to detect their condition of motion; and/or at least an optical sensor associated with at least a traction cable of doors and/or cars for detecting any unravelling of the cable itself.
2. Apparatus as claimed in claim 1 , characterised in that said sensors are miniaturised and buried in mechanical and/or structural components of the doors and/or of the car.
3. Apparatus as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that the optical sector comprises: at least a transmitter of a laser signal; at least a receiver of the laser signal positioned opposite to the transmitter relative to the cable; and at least an optical lens interposed between the transmitter and the receiver and intercepting the laser signal.
4. Apparatus as claimed in claim 3, characterised in that the laser signal is in the form of a luminous blade.
5. Apparams as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that it comprises electronic means for controlling the revolutions per minute of a motor for actuating the car and/or the doors.
6. Apparatus as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that it comprises sensors for measuring the electronic voltage that is generated during transients associated with the closure of electrical contacts of the doors and/or of the car.
7. Apparatus as claimed in any of the previous claims, characterised in that it comprises means for acquiring and processing data received from the sensors and comparing them with reference parameters.
8. Apparatus as claimed in claim 1 , characterised in that it comprises a load weighing device associated with a car.
9. Apparatus as claimed in claim 8, characterised in that the load weighing device comprises at least a load cell.
10. Apparatus as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that the sensor of acoustic signals comprises at least a piezoelectric microphone.
1 1. Apparatus as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that it comprises vision means and/or volumetric sensors to detect the presence of persons in the car.
12. Apparatus as claimed in claim 1 , characterised in that it comprises proximity sensors to detect a distance between at least a wing of a door and a threshold and/or between said door wing and a jamb of the door.
13. Method for diagnosing failures and/or malfunctions, in particular for lift doors and/or cars, characterised in that it comprises the following steps: detecting the acceleration of mechanisms for actuating the doors; and/or detecting acoustic signals emitted by mechanisms for actuating the doors; and/or detecting, with automatic optical means, any unravelling of at least a traction cable associated with the doors or with the car; and/or measuring the electrical voltage that occurs during transients associated with the closure of electrical contacts in doors and/or in the car; and processing the detected signals and comparing them with reference parameters.
EP03809415A 2002-10-25 2003-02-21 Monitoring apparatus for lift doors and/or cars Expired - Lifetime EP1556303B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT000060A ITPR20020060A1 (en) 2002-10-25 2002-10-25 FAULT AND / OR MALFUNCTION DIAGNOSTIC APPARATUS, IN PARTICULAR FOR DOORS AND / OR LIFT CABINS AND RELATED PROCEDURE
ITPR20020060 2002-10-25
PCT/IT2003/000101 WO2004037700A1 (en) 2002-10-25 2003-02-21 Monitoring apparatus for lift doors and/or cars

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1556303A1 true EP1556303A1 (en) 2005-07-27
EP1556303B1 EP1556303B1 (en) 2006-06-07

Family

ID=32170748

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP03809415A Expired - Lifetime EP1556303B1 (en) 2002-10-25 2003-02-21 Monitoring apparatus for lift doors and/or cars

Country Status (7)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1556303B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE328839T1 (en)
AU (1) AU2003215903A1 (en)
DE (1) DE60305959T2 (en)
ES (1) ES2262027T3 (en)
IT (1) ITPR20020060A1 (en)
WO (1) WO2004037700A1 (en)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3527523A1 (en) * 2018-02-19 2019-08-21 Otis Elevator Company Elevator door component monitoring systems and methods
US10829344B2 (en) 2017-07-06 2020-11-10 Otis Elevator Company Elevator sensor system calibration
US11014780B2 (en) 2017-07-06 2021-05-25 Otis Elevator Company Elevator sensor calibration
EP3862308A1 (en) * 2020-02-06 2021-08-11 Otis Elevator Company Measurement and diagnostic of elevator door performance using sound and video

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7765073B2 (en) * 2008-02-04 2010-07-27 Honda Motor Co., Ltd. Automated crack detection system and method for vehicle closure
CN105452139B (en) * 2013-08-13 2017-11-10 因温特奥股份公司 The monitoring system of lift facility
CN106144798B (en) * 2015-04-03 2020-08-07 奥的斯电梯公司 Sensor fusion for passenger transport control
EP3293137A1 (en) * 2016-09-09 2018-03-14 KONE Corporation A method and a system for elevator door operation monitoring and adjustment

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JPH0780665B2 (en) * 1990-09-10 1995-08-30 株式会社日立製作所 Elevator door control device
JP3300061B2 (en) * 1991-11-15 2002-07-08 オーチス エレベータ カンパニー Assembly for load measurement of elevator vehicles
JPH08333066A (en) * 1995-06-09 1996-12-17 Mitsubishi Denki Bill Techno Service Kk Rope rupture detecting device for elevator
JPH1192049A (en) * 1997-09-22 1999-04-06 Hitachi Building Systems Co Ltd Elevator abnormality diagnosis device
DE10102936A1 (en) * 2001-01-23 2002-07-25 Maku Informationstechnik Gmbh A monitoring system for personnel lifts has a camera in the roof and a transponder to check the number and authority of the users.

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See references of WO2004037700A1 *

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US10829344B2 (en) 2017-07-06 2020-11-10 Otis Elevator Company Elevator sensor system calibration
US11014780B2 (en) 2017-07-06 2021-05-25 Otis Elevator Company Elevator sensor calibration
EP3527523A1 (en) * 2018-02-19 2019-08-21 Otis Elevator Company Elevator door component monitoring systems and methods
EP3862308A1 (en) * 2020-02-06 2021-08-11 Otis Elevator Company Measurement and diagnostic of elevator door performance using sound and video

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ITPR20020060A1 (en) 2004-04-26
WO2004037700A1 (en) 2004-05-06
DE60305959T2 (en) 2007-02-01
DE60305959D1 (en) 2006-07-20
ATE328839T1 (en) 2006-06-15
ES2262027T3 (en) 2006-11-16
AU2003215903A1 (en) 2004-05-13
EP1556303B1 (en) 2006-06-07

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