EP1552171A1 - Linear guiding unit - Google Patents

Linear guiding unit

Info

Publication number
EP1552171A1
EP1552171A1 EP03753559A EP03753559A EP1552171A1 EP 1552171 A1 EP1552171 A1 EP 1552171A1 EP 03753559 A EP03753559 A EP 03753559A EP 03753559 A EP03753559 A EP 03753559A EP 1552171 A1 EP1552171 A1 EP 1552171A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
support
saddle
linear guide
channel
guide according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP03753559A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Ralf Moseberg
Dietmar Rudy
Michael Heid
Henning Dombek
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Schaeffler Technologies AG and Co KG
Original Assignee
INA Schaeffler KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by INA Schaeffler KG filed Critical INA Schaeffler KG
Publication of EP1552171A1 publication Critical patent/EP1552171A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C29/00—Bearings for parts moving only linearly
    • F16C29/04—Ball or roller bearings
    • F16C29/06—Ball or roller bearings in which the rolling bodies circulate partly without carrying load
    • F16C29/0633—Ball or roller bearings in which the rolling bodies circulate partly without carrying load with a bearing body defining a U-shaped carriage, i.e. surrounding a guide rail or track on three sides
    • F16C29/0652—Ball or roller bearings in which the rolling bodies circulate partly without carrying load with a bearing body defining a U-shaped carriage, i.e. surrounding a guide rail or track on three sides whereby the return paths are at least partly defined by separate parts, e.g. covers attached to the legs of the main body of the U-shaped carriage
    • F16C29/0654—Ball or roller bearings in which the rolling bodies circulate partly without carrying load with a bearing body defining a U-shaped carriage, i.e. surrounding a guide rail or track on three sides whereby the return paths are at least partly defined by separate parts, e.g. covers attached to the legs of the main body of the U-shaped carriage with balls
    • F16C29/0659—Ball or roller bearings in which the rolling bodies circulate partly without carrying load with a bearing body defining a U-shaped carriage, i.e. surrounding a guide rail or track on three sides whereby the return paths are at least partly defined by separate parts, e.g. covers attached to the legs of the main body of the U-shaped carriage with balls with four rows of balls
    • F16C29/0661—Ball or roller bearings in which the rolling bodies circulate partly without carrying load with a bearing body defining a U-shaped carriage, i.e. surrounding a guide rail or track on three sides whereby the return paths are at least partly defined by separate parts, e.g. covers attached to the legs of the main body of the U-shaped carriage with balls with four rows of balls with load directions in O-arrangement
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C29/00—Bearings for parts moving only linearly
    • F16C29/04—Ball or roller bearings
    • F16C29/06—Ball or roller bearings in which the rolling bodies circulate partly without carrying load
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C29/00—Bearings for parts moving only linearly
    • F16C29/001—Bearings for parts moving only linearly adjustable for alignment or positioning
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C29/00—Bearings for parts moving only linearly
    • F16C29/04—Ball or roller bearings
    • F16C29/06—Ball or roller bearings in which the rolling bodies circulate partly without carrying load
    • F16C29/0602—Details of the bearing body or carriage or parts thereof, e.g. methods for manufacturing or assembly
    • F16C29/0604—Details of the bearing body or carriage or parts thereof, e.g. methods for manufacturing or assembly of the load bearing section
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/30—Parts of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C33/58—Raceways; Race rings
    • F16C33/60—Raceways; Race rings divided or split, e.g. comprising two juxtaposed rings

Definitions

  • the following invention relates to linear guide units that are used, for example, in machine tool construction.
  • a linear guide unit according to the features of the preamble of claim 1 has become known.
  • An arranged between the support body and the guide rail running plate or support rail has a substantially triangular cross-section.
  • the carriage is provided with an approximately triangular groove in cross section, in which the running plate is arranged.
  • Contacting surfaces of the running plate and the carriage are formed in such a way that the running plate is supported rocking about an axis parallel to the direction of the rail.
  • This running plate is also provided with two ball grooves forming raceways, which each delimit a support channel for the rolling elements.
  • the ability to swing enables compensatory movements and thus a moment compensation of the carriage against the guide rail.
  • the running plate will release material from the carriage under the rocking movement. While the running plates are often made of hardened material, the carriages remain unhardened, i.e. clearly rather.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a linear guide unit according to the features of the preamble of claim 1, in which this disadvantage is eliminated.
  • the support rail comprises a support part and a saddle part, the support part being accommodated on the support body, and the saddle part being provided with the raceway and further being supported on the support part such that it can be tilted.
  • the support rail itself is tiltable due to the two-part design.
  • the support part can be hardened as a small part without any problems and inserted into the supporting body.
  • the connection between the support part and the support body can be such that no relative movements between the support part and the support body are possible. Unwanted wear, that is, rubbing of material out of the support body is thus excluded.
  • the materials of the support part and the saddle part can easily be matched to one another in such a way that undesired abrasion is minimized.
  • the support part is formed, for example, as a particularly simple form as a wire with a round cross-section, it is sufficient if the support body is provided with an approximately semicircular groove or else with a groove with a Gothic cross-sectional profile in which the wire is received. If the saddle part now carries out compensatory movements and thus carries out tilting movements on the wire, it should be ensured that a relative movement between the wire and the saddle part is possible, but not between the wire and the supporting body. This can be ensured in a favorable manner in that a first coefficient of friction is provided between the support body and the support part, and in that a second coefficient of friction is provided between the support part and the saddle part, the first coefficient of friction being greater than that second coefficient of friction is set.
  • the friction coefficients can be set by means of suitable materials, surface treatments and pressure force between the supporting body and the support part.
  • the support part is preferably inserted in a groove of the supporting body and provided with a curved support surface which cooperates with the saddle surface.
  • the curvature is such that the saddle surface glides along this curved support surface.
  • the support part or the saddle part or both parts can be formed from a steel hardened in the heat treatment process.
  • the supporting body can remain soft, so that the linear guide unit according to the opening can be produced inexpensively.
  • the support body is manufactured in a continuous casting process and is ground.
  • Surface grinding is an extremely inexpensive way to break edges and even to further increase the hardness of the surfaces.
  • the support body can be manufactured with a high lowering speed of the tool, which further increases the economic producibility.
  • grooves and undercuts can be taken into account in a particularly simple manner in the continuous casting process. Undercuts can be useful, for example, when a support part, for example a wire, is pressed into an undercut groove. After inserting this wire, the groove wall of the support body then encloses more than half of the circumference of the wire, so that it is held properly and captively on the support body.
  • a groove to be provided in the supporting body for receiving the support part has a Gothic profile, seen in cross section.
  • the saddle surface of the saddle part is preferably also provided with a Gothic profile, so that the contact of the wire with the saddle part is also clearly defined.
  • the support body with a groove open towards the guide rail, the groove cross section being circular or Gothic and encompassing more than half of the circumference.
  • the saddle part preferably has two mutually parallel raceways, each of a rolling element channel.
  • This arrangement is particularly suitable for linear guide units with four rows of rolling elements.
  • Linear guide units of this type can also transmit moments without problems and in addition to bearing forces acting transversely to the guide rail.
  • Such saddle parts provided with two mutually parallel raceways preferably have a side on which the saddle surface is formed, a saddle axis of the saddle part being arranged between raceway axes of the two raceways.
  • forces can be transferred in a favorable manner between the support body and the guide rail, compensatory movements being possible due to the tiltable arrangement of the saddle part.
  • the saddle part preferably has an approximately triangular cross-section, a first and a second side of a total of three sides of the saddle part each being provided with one of the raceways for the rolling elements, and the third side of the saddle part being provided with the saddle surface.
  • the third side can also be designed as a concave saddle surface which cooperates with the cylindrical circumferential surface of a wire or a rod provided as a support part in order to enable the rocking and thus a moment compensation.
  • the concave saddle surface can preferably be designed as a Gothic profile, as already mentioned above.
  • Figure 2 shows an enlarged section of the linear guide unit according to
  • Figure 1 shows the enlarged view of the saddle part of the linear guide unit according to Figure 1 and Figure 4 shows a schematic representation of a longitudinal section through a linear guide unit according to the invention
  • the linear guide unit according to the invention shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 has a guide carriage 3 which is mounted on a guide rail 1 and can be moved longitudinally via balls 2.
  • the guide carriage 3 comprises a support body 4 and end caps 5 fastened on the end face to the support body 4, as is shown only schematically in FIG.
  • the linear guide unit has a total of four endless rolling element channels 6 for the balls 2, as can also be seen in a schematic representation in FIGS. 4 and 1.
  • Each rolling element channel 6 comprises a supporting channel 7 for load-bearing rolling elements, a return channel 8 for returning balls 2 and two deflecting channels 9 which connect the supporting channel 7 and the return channel 8 endlessly and are delimited by the end caps 5.
  • a support rail 10 is arranged along the support channels 7 on both sides of the guide rail 1.
  • the support rail 10 comprises a support part 11 and a saddle part 12.
  • the support part 11 has a circular cross section and is designed as a wire.
  • This wire is received in a groove 13 of the support body 4.
  • the groove 13 has a Gothic profile 15 seen in cross section, as shown in FIG. 2.
  • This Gothic profile 15 can also be referred to as a pointed arch profile, but the pointed arch can be so weak that it resembles a circular arch profile.
  • the groove wall encompasses more than half of the wire circumference, so that the wire designed as a saddle part 12 is held captively in the groove 13.
  • the saddle part 12 delimits one of the support channels 7 with two raceways 16 arranged parallel to one another.
  • the balls 2 roll on the raceways 16 under load.
  • the raceways 16 are designed as a ball groove and preferably also have a Gothic profile.
  • the saddle part 12 On its side facing the support part 11, the saddle part 12 has a concave saddle surface 17, which is also preferably designed as a Gothic profile.
  • the saddle part 12 rests with its saddle surface 17 on the support part 11, wherein it is ensured that the saddle part 12 can tilt about the longitudinal axis of the support part 11 in order to avoid moments occurring due to compensating movements and thus tension.
  • a first coefficient of friction is provided between the support body 4 and the support part 11, and a second coefficient of friction is provided between the support part 11 and the saddle part 12, the first coefficient of friction being set greater than the second coefficient of friction.
  • the support body 4 can be soft as a continuous casting profile, while the support part 11 and the saddle part 12 are made of steel in one Heat treatment process to be hardened. Undesired material wear on the support body 4 is excluded in this linear guide unit according to the invention.
  • the support part 11 cooperates with its convexly curved support surface 18 with the concave curved saddle surface 17 of the saddle part 12. Relative movements take place between these two surfaces in order to enable the compensating movements mentioned above.
  • the support surface 18 is formed in a particularly simple manner by the cylindrical outer surface of the wire.
  • the support body 4 produced in the continuous casting process is slide-ground, so that undesired sharp edges are broken.
  • the approximately triangular saddle part 12 has one of the raceways 16 on its first and on its second side.
  • the saddle part 12 is provided with the saddle surface 17 on its third side.
  • the saddle surface 17 is arranged centrally between the two raceways 16.

Abstract

Disclosed is a linear guiding unit comprising a guiding carriage (3) that can be moved in the longitudinal direction upon a guide rail (1), is mounted via rolling members (2), and is provided with a support body (4) and end caps (5), the front side of which is disposed on the support body (4). Said linear guiding unit also comprises at least one continuous rolling member channel (6) which is provided with a support channel (7) for supporting rolling members (2), a recirculation channel (8) for returning rolling members (2), and two redirecting channels (9) that connect the support channel (7) and the recirculation channel (8) to each other in a continuous manner and are delimited by the end caps (5). A support rail (10) that is arranged along the support channel (7) and rests upon the support body (4) encompasses a running track (16) for the rolling members (2), which delimits the support channel (7), a support part (11), and a saddle part (12). Said support part (11) is accommodated on the support body (4) while the saddle part (12), a saddle surface (17) of which rests in a tiltable manner on the support part (11), is provided with the running track (16).

Description

Linearführungseinheit Linear guide unit
Beschreibungdescription
Gebiet der ErfindungField of the Invention
Die folgende Erfindung betrifft Linearführungseinheiten, die beispielsweise im Werkzeugmaschinenbau zum Einsatz kommen.The following invention relates to linear guide units that are used, for example, in machine tool construction.
Aus DE 90 11 444 U beispielsweise ist ein Linearführungseinheit gemäß den Merkmalen des Oberbegriffs des Anspruchs 1 bekannt geworden. Eine zwischen dem Tragkörper und der Führungsschiene angeordnete Lauf platte oder Tragschiene weist einen im wesentlichen dreieckförmigen Querschnitt auf. Der Wagen ist mit einer im Querschnitt gesehen etwa dreieckförmigen Nut versehen, in der die Laufplatte angeordnet ist. Einander berührende Flächen der Laufplatte und des Wagens sind so gebildet, dass die Laufplatte um eine zur Richtung der Schiene parallele Achse schaukelnd abgestützt ist. Diese Laufplatte ist ferner mit zwei Laufbahnen bildende Kugelrillen versehen, die jeweils einen Tragkanal für die Wälzkörper begrenzen. Die Fähigkeit zu schaukeln ermöglicht Äusgleichsbewegungen und somit einen Momentenausgleich des Wagens gegenüber der Führungsschiene. Allerdings besteht bei dieser Lösung die Gefahr, dass die Laufplatte Material aus dem Wagen unter der Schaukelbewegung herauslöst. Während oftmals die Laufplatten aus gehärtetem Material gebildet sind, bleiben die Wagen ungehärtet, also deutlich wei- eher.From DE 90 11 444 U, for example, a linear guide unit according to the features of the preamble of claim 1 has become known. An arranged between the support body and the guide rail running plate or support rail has a substantially triangular cross-section. The carriage is provided with an approximately triangular groove in cross section, in which the running plate is arranged. Contacting surfaces of the running plate and the carriage are formed in such a way that the running plate is supported rocking about an axis parallel to the direction of the rail. This running plate is also provided with two ball grooves forming raceways, which each delimit a support channel for the rolling elements. The ability to swing enables compensatory movements and thus a moment compensation of the carriage against the guide rail. However, with this solution there is a risk that the running plate will release material from the carriage under the rocking movement. While the running plates are often made of hardened material, the carriages remain unhardened, i.e. clearly rather.
Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, eine Linearführungseinheit nach den Merkmalen des Oberbegriffs des Anspruchs 1 anzugeben, bei der dieser Nachteil behoben ist. Erfindungsgemäß wird diese Aufgabe dadurch gelöst, dass die Tragschiene ein Stützteil und ein Sattelteil umfasst, wobei das Stützteil an dem Tragkörper aufgenommen ist, und wobei das Sattelteil mit der Laufbahn versehen und ferner mit einer Sattelfläche kippbeweglich an dem Stützteil abgestützt ist.The object of the invention is to provide a linear guide unit according to the features of the preamble of claim 1, in which this disadvantage is eliminated. According to the invention, this object is achieved in that the support rail comprises a support part and a saddle part, the support part being accommodated on the support body, and the saddle part being provided with the raceway and further being supported on the support part such that it can be tilted.
Während bei der bekannten Linearführungseinheit Kippbewegungen zwischen der Tragschiene und dem Tragkörper auftreten, ist erfindungsgemäß die Tragschiene an sich kippbeweglich aufgrund der zweiteiligen Ausführung. Das Stützteil kann als Kleinteil problemlos gehärtet werden und in den Tragkörper eingesetzt werden. Die Verbindung zwischen dem Stützteil und dem Tragkör- per kann dergestalt sein, dass keine Relativbewegungen zwischen dem Stützteil und dem Tragkörper möglich sind. Ein unerwünschter Verschleiß, also ein Herausreiben von Material aus dem Tragkörper ist somit ausgeschlossen. Die Materialien des Stützteils und des Sattelteils können problemlos derart aufeinander abgestimmt werden, dass ein unerwünschter Abrieb minimiert ist.While tilting movements occur between the support rail and the support body in the known linear guide unit, according to the invention the support rail itself is tiltable due to the two-part design. The support part can be hardened as a small part without any problems and inserted into the supporting body. The connection between the support part and the support body can be such that no relative movements between the support part and the support body are possible. Unwanted wear, that is, rubbing of material out of the support body is thus excluded. The materials of the support part and the saddle part can easily be matched to one another in such a way that undesired abrasion is minimized.
Wenn das Stützteil beispielsweise als besonders einfache Form als Draht mit rundem Querschnitt gebildet ist, genügt es, wenn der Tragkörper, mit einer etwa halbkreisförmigen Nut oder aber mit einer Nut mit gotischen Querschnittsprofil versehen ist, in die der Draht aufgenommen ist. Wenn nun das Sattelteil Ausgleichsbewegungen durchführt und somit auf dem Draht Kippelbewegungen durchführt, soll sichergestellt sein, dass zwar eine Relativbewegung zwischen dem Draht und dem Sattelteil möglich ist, nicht aber zwischen dem Draht und dem Tragkörper. Dies kann in günstiger Weise dadurch sichergestellt werden, dass zwischen dem Tragkörper und dem Stützteil ein erster Reibwert vorgesehen ist, und dass zwischen dem Stützteil und dem Sattelteil ein zweiter Reibwert vorgesehen ist, wobei der erste Reibwert größer als der zweite Reibwert eingestellt ist. Die Einstellung der Reibwerte kann durch geeignete Werkstoffe, Oberflächenbehandlungen und Andruckkraft zwischen Tragkörper und Stützteil erfolgen.If the support part is formed, for example, as a particularly simple form as a wire with a round cross-section, it is sufficient if the support body is provided with an approximately semicircular groove or else with a groove with a Gothic cross-sectional profile in which the wire is received. If the saddle part now carries out compensatory movements and thus carries out tilting movements on the wire, it should be ensured that a relative movement between the wire and the saddle part is possible, but not between the wire and the supporting body. This can be ensured in a favorable manner in that a first coefficient of friction is provided between the support body and the support part, and in that a second coefficient of friction is provided between the support part and the saddle part, the first coefficient of friction being greater than that second coefficient of friction is set. The friction coefficients can be set by means of suitable materials, surface treatments and pressure force between the supporting body and the support part.
Vorzugsweise ist das Stützteil in einer Nut des Tragkörpers eingesetzt und mit einer gekrümmten, mit der Sattelfläche zusammenarbeitenden Stützfläche versehen. Die Krümmung ist so beschaffen, dass die Sattelfläche an dieser gekrümmten Stützfläche entlang gleiten.The support part is preferably inserted in a groove of the supporting body and provided with a curved support surface which cooperates with the saddle surface. The curvature is such that the saddle surface glides along this curved support surface.
Das Stützteil oder das Sattelteil oder aber auch beide Teile können aus einem im Wärmebehandlungsverfahren gehärteten Stahl gebildet sein. Der Tragkörper kann weich bleiben, so dass die öffnungsgemäß Linearführungseinheit in preiswerter Weise herstellbar ist.The support part or the saddle part or both parts can be formed from a steel hardened in the heat treatment process. The supporting body can remain soft, so that the linear guide unit according to the opening can be produced inexpensively.
Wirtschaftlich besonders interessant kann es sein, wenn der Tragkörper im Stranggussverfahren hergestellt und gleitgeschliffen ist. Das Gleitschleifen ist eine äußerst preiswerte Methode, um Kanten zu brechen, und sogar um die Härte der Oberflächen weiter zu erhöhen. Der Tragkörper kann mit hoher Absenkgeschwindigkeit des Werkzeuges hergestellt werden, was die wirtschaftli- ehe Herstellbarkeit weiter erhöht. Ferner können im Stranggussverfahren Nuten und Hinterschnitte in besonders einfacher Weise berücksichtigt werden. Hinterschnitte können beispielsweise dann zweckmäßig sein, wenn ein beispielsweise als Draht ausgeführtes Stützteil in eine hinterschnittene Nut eingedrückt wird. Nach Einfügen dieses Drahtes umschließ dann die Nutwandung des Tragkörpers mehr als die Hälfte des Umfangs des Drahtes, so dass dieser einwandfrei und verliersicher an dem Tragkörper gehalten ist.It can be particularly interesting from an economic point of view if the support body is manufactured in a continuous casting process and is ground. Surface grinding is an extremely inexpensive way to break edges and even to further increase the hardness of the surfaces. The support body can be manufactured with a high lowering speed of the tool, which further increases the economic producibility. Furthermore, grooves and undercuts can be taken into account in a particularly simple manner in the continuous casting process. Undercuts can be useful, for example, when a support part, for example a wire, is pressed into an undercut groove. After inserting this wire, the groove wall of the support body then encloses more than half of the circumference of the wire, so that it is held properly and captively on the support body.
Hinsichtlich der Lastenverteilung hat sich folgende Formgebung als besonders vorteilhaft herausgestellt: eine in dem Tragkörper vorzusehende Nut zur Auf- nähme des Stützteils weist ein im Querschnitt gesehen gotisches Profil auf.With regard to the load distribution, the following shape has proven to be particularly advantageous: a groove to be provided in the supporting body for receiving the support part has a Gothic profile, seen in cross section.
Wenn der Draht mit kreisrundem Querschnitt in diese Nut eingesetzt ist, findet eine einwandfreie Ausrichtung durch definierte Linienkontakte mit dem Tragkörper statt. Ferner ist die Sattelfläche des Sattelteils vorzugsweise ebenfalls mit einem gotischen Profil versehen, so dass der Kontakt des Drahtes mit dem Sattelteil ebenfalls eindeutig definiert ist.If the wire with a circular cross-section is inserted into this groove, find perfect alignment through defined line contacts with the support body instead. Furthermore, the saddle surface of the saddle part is preferably also provided with a Gothic profile, so that the contact of the wire with the saddle part is also clearly defined.
Grundsätzlich bietet sich in günstiger Weise an, den Tragkörper mit einer zu der Führungsschiene hin geöffneten Nut zu versehen, wobei der Nutquerschnitt kreisförmig oder gotisch ist und mehr als die Hälfte des Kreisumfangs umgreift.Basically, it is expedient to provide the support body with a groove open towards the guide rail, the groove cross section being circular or Gothic and encompassing more than half of the circumference.
Vorzugsweise weist das Sattelteil zwei zueinander parallele Laufbahnen jeweils eines Wälzkörperkanals auf. Diese Anordnung bietet sich insbesondere bei Linearführungseinheiten mit vier Wälzkörperreihen an. Derartige Linearfüh- rungseinheiten können problemlos und zusätzlich zu quer zur Führungsschiene wirkenden Lagerkräften auch Momente übertragen.The saddle part preferably has two mutually parallel raceways, each of a rolling element channel. This arrangement is particularly suitable for linear guide units with four rows of rolling elements. Linear guide units of this type can also transmit moments without problems and in addition to bearing forces acting transversely to the guide rail.
Derartige mit zwei zueinander parallelen Laufbahnen versehene Sattelteile weisen vorzugsweise eine Seite auf, an die Sattelfläche ausgebildet ist, wobei eine Sattelachse des Sattelteils zwischen Laufbahnachsen der beiden Lauf- bahnen angeordnet ist. Bei dieser symmetrischen Anordnung können Kräfte in günstiger Weise zwischen dem Tragkörper und der Führungsschiene übertragen werden, wobei Ausgleichsbewegungen aufgrund der kippbeweglichen Anordnung des Sattelteils möglich sind.Such saddle parts provided with two mutually parallel raceways preferably have a side on which the saddle surface is formed, a saddle axis of the saddle part being arranged between raceway axes of the two raceways. In this symmetrical arrangement, forces can be transferred in a favorable manner between the support body and the guide rail, compensatory movements being possible due to the tiltable arrangement of the saddle part.
Vorzugsweise weist das Sattelteil einen etwa dreieckförmigen Querschnitt auf, wobei eine erste und eine zweite Seite von insgesamt drei Seiten des Sattelteils jeweils mit einer der Laufbahnen für die Wälzkörper versehen sind, und wobei die dritte Seite des Sattelteils mit der Sattelfläche versehen ist.The saddle part preferably has an approximately triangular cross-section, a first and a second side of a total of three sides of the saddle part each being provided with one of the raceways for the rolling elements, and the third side of the saddle part being provided with the saddle surface.
In diesem Fall bietet sich an, die erste und die zweite Seite mit einer konkaven Laufbahn insbesondere für als Wälzkörper vorgesehenen Kugeln zu versehen. Diese konkave Laufbahn kann beispielsweise eine Kugelnde sein. Die dritte Seite kann ebenfalls als konkave Sattelfläche ausgebildet sein, die mit der zylindrischen Umfangsfläche eines als Stützteils vorgesehenen Drahtes oder einer Stange zusammenarbeitet, um das Schaukeln und somit einen Momente- nausgleich zu ermöglichen. Die konkave Sattelfläche kann vorzugsweise als gotisches Profil ausgebildet sein, wie weiter oben bereits erwähnt wurde. Nachstehend wird die Erfindung anhand eines in insgesamt drei Figuren dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiels näher erläutert. Es zeigen:In this case, it makes sense to provide the first and the second side with a concave raceway, in particular for balls provided as rolling elements. This concave track can be a ball, for example. The third side can also be designed as a concave saddle surface which cooperates with the cylindrical circumferential surface of a wire or a rod provided as a support part in order to enable the rocking and thus a moment compensation. The concave saddle surface can preferably be designed as a Gothic profile, as already mentioned above. The invention is explained in more detail below on the basis of an exemplary embodiment shown in a total of three figures. Show it:
Figur 1 im Querschnitt eine erfindungsgemäße LinearführungseinheitFigure 1 in cross section an inventive linear guide unit
Figur 2 einen vergrößerten Ausschnitt der Linearführungseinheit gemäßFigure 2 shows an enlarged section of the linear guide unit according to
Figur 1 Figur 3 die in vergrößerter Darstellung das Sattelteil der Linearführungseinheit gemäß Figur 1 und Figur 4 in schematischer Darstellung einen Längsschnitt durch eine erfindungsgemäße LinearführungseinheitFigure 1 Figure 3 shows the enlarged view of the saddle part of the linear guide unit according to Figure 1 and Figure 4 shows a schematic representation of a longitudinal section through a linear guide unit according to the invention
Die in den Figuren 1 bis 3 abgebildete erfindungsgemäße Linearführungseinheit weist einen auf einer Führungsschiene 1 längsbeweglich über Kugeln 2 gelagerten Führungswagen 3 auf. Der Führungswagen 3 umfasst einen Tragkörper 4 und stirnseitig an dem Tragkörper 4 befestigte Endkappen 5, wie es in der Figur 4 lediglich schematisch abgebildet ist. Die Linearführungseinheit weist insgesamt vier endlose Wälzkörperkanäle 6 für die Kugeln 2 auf, wie ebenfalls in lediglich schematischer Darstellung den Figuren 4 und Figur 1 zu entnehmen ist. Jeder Wälzkörperkanal 6 umfasst einen Tragkanal 7 für tragende Wälzkörper, einen Rücklaufkanal 8 für rücklaufende Kugeln 2 und zwei den Tragkanal 7 und den Rücklaufkanal 8 endlos miteinander verbindende, von den Endkappen 5 begrenzte Umlenkkanäle 9 auf.The linear guide unit according to the invention shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 has a guide carriage 3 which is mounted on a guide rail 1 and can be moved longitudinally via balls 2. The guide carriage 3 comprises a support body 4 and end caps 5 fastened on the end face to the support body 4, as is shown only schematically in FIG. The linear guide unit has a total of four endless rolling element channels 6 for the balls 2, as can also be seen in a schematic representation in FIGS. 4 and 1. Each rolling element channel 6 comprises a supporting channel 7 for load-bearing rolling elements, a return channel 8 for returning balls 2 and two deflecting channels 9 which connect the supporting channel 7 and the return channel 8 endlessly and are delimited by the end caps 5.
Entlang der Tragkanäle 7 sind zu beiden Seiten der Führungsschiene 1 jeweils eine Tragschiene 10 angeordnet. Die Tragschiene 10 umfasst ein Stützteil 11 und ein Sattelteil 12. Das Stützteil 11 weist einen kreisrunden Querschnitt auf und ist als Draht ausgeführt. Dieser Draht ist in einer Nut 13 des Tragkörpers 4 aufgenommen. Die Nut 13 weist im Querschnitt gesehen gotisches Profil 15 auf, wie Figur 2 zeigt. Dieses gotische Profil 15 kann auch als Spitzbogenprofil bezeichnet werden, wobei jedoch der Spitzbogen so schwach ausgebildet sein kann, dass dieser einem Kreisbogenprofil ähnelt. Die Nutwandung umgreift mehr als die Hälfte des Drahtumfangs, so dass der als Sattelteil 12 ausgebildete Draht verliersicher in der Nut 13 aufgenommen ist.A support rail 10 is arranged along the support channels 7 on both sides of the guide rail 1. The support rail 10 comprises a support part 11 and a saddle part 12. The support part 11 has a circular cross section and is designed as a wire. This wire is received in a groove 13 of the support body 4. The groove 13 has a Gothic profile 15 seen in cross section, as shown in FIG. 2. This Gothic profile 15 can also be referred to as a pointed arch profile, but the pointed arch can be so weak that it resembles a circular arch profile. The groove wall encompasses more than half of the wire circumference, so that the wire designed as a saddle part 12 is held captively in the groove 13.
Das Sattelteil 12 begrenzt mit zwei zueinander parallel angeordneten Laufbahnen 16 jeweils einen der Tragkanäle 7. An den Laufbahnen 16 wälzen die Kugeln 2 unter Last ab. Die Laufbahnen 16 sind als Kugelrille ausgebildet und weisen vorzugsweise ebenfalls ein gotisches Profil auf.The saddle part 12 delimits one of the support channels 7 with two raceways 16 arranged parallel to one another. The balls 2 roll on the raceways 16 under load. The raceways 16 are designed as a ball groove and preferably also have a Gothic profile.
An seiner dem Stützteil 11 zugewandten Seite weist das Sattelteil 12 eine konkav ausgebildete Sattelfläche 17 auf, die ebenfalls vorzugsweise als gotisches Profil ausgebildet ist. Das Sattelteil 12 liegt mit seiner Sattelfläche 17 auf dem Stützteil 11 auf, wobei sichergestellt ist, dass das Sattelteil 12 um die Längsachse des Stützteils 11 kippen kann, um auftretende Momente durch Aus- gleichsbewegungen und somit Verspannungen zu vermeiden.On its side facing the support part 11, the saddle part 12 has a concave saddle surface 17, which is also preferably designed as a Gothic profile. The saddle part 12 rests with its saddle surface 17 on the support part 11, wherein it is ensured that the saddle part 12 can tilt about the longitudinal axis of the support part 11 in order to avoid moments occurring due to compensating movements and thus tension.
Zwischen dem Tragkörper 4 und dem Stützteil 11 ist ein erster Reibwert vorgesehen, und zwischen dem Stützteil 11 und dem Sattelteil 12 ist ein zweiter Reibwert vorgesehen, wobei der erste Reibwert größer als der zweite Reibwert eingestellt ist. Dadurch ist sichergestellt, dass Relativverschiebungen zwischen dem Sattelteil 12 und dem Stützteil 11 möglich sind, nicht aber zwischen dem Stützteil 11 und dem Tragkörper 4. Der Tragkörper 4 kann als Stranggussprofil weich ausgebildet sein, das Stützteil 11 und das Sattelteil 12 dagegen aus Stahl in einem Wärmebehandlungsverfahren gehärtet sein. Unerwünschter Materialverschleiß an dem Tragkörper 4 ist bei dieser erfindungsgemäßen Linearführungseinheit ausgeschlossen. Das Stützteil 11 arbeitet mit seiner konvex gekrümmten Stützfläche 18 mit der konkav gekrümmten Sattelfläche 17 des Sattelteils 12 zusammen. Zwischen diesen beiden Flächen finden Relativbewegungen statt, um die weiter oben erwähnten Ausgleichsbewegungen zu ermöglichen. Die Stützfläche 18 ist vorliegend in besonders einfacher Weise durch die zylindrische Mantelfläche des Drahtes gebildet.A first coefficient of friction is provided between the support body 4 and the support part 11, and a second coefficient of friction is provided between the support part 11 and the saddle part 12, the first coefficient of friction being set greater than the second coefficient of friction. This ensures that relative displacements between the saddle part 12 and the support part 11 are possible, but not between the support part 11 and the support body 4. The support body 4 can be soft as a continuous casting profile, while the support part 11 and the saddle part 12 are made of steel in one Heat treatment process to be hardened. Undesired material wear on the support body 4 is excluded in this linear guide unit according to the invention. The support part 11 cooperates with its convexly curved support surface 18 with the concave curved saddle surface 17 of the saddle part 12. Relative movements take place between these two surfaces in order to enable the compensating movements mentioned above. In the present case, the support surface 18 is formed in a particularly simple manner by the cylindrical outer surface of the wire.
Der im Stranggussverfahren hergestellte Tragkörper 4 ist gleitgeschliffen, so dass unerwünschte scharfe Kanten gebrochen sind.The support body 4 produced in the continuous casting process is slide-ground, so that undesired sharp edges are broken.
Das etwa dreieckförmige Sattelteil 12 weist an seiner ersten und an seiner zweiten Seite jeweils eine der Laufbahnen 16 auf. An seiner dritten Seite ist das Sattelteil 12 mit der Sattelfläche 17 versehen. Die Sattelfläche 17 ist mittig zwischen den beiden Laufbahnen 16 angeordnet. Durch diese symmetrische Anordnung ist einerseits ein einwandfreies Abwälzverhalten und Momentenausgleich im Betrieb der erfindungsgemäßen Linearführungseinheit gewährleistet, andererseits können die beiden Sattelteile seitenunabhängig, also am linken und am rechten Schenkel des Tragkörpers 4 montiert werden. The approximately triangular saddle part 12 has one of the raceways 16 on its first and on its second side. The saddle part 12 is provided with the saddle surface 17 on its third side. The saddle surface 17 is arranged centrally between the two raceways 16. This symmetrical arrangement, on the one hand, ensures perfect rolling behavior and torque compensation in the operation of the linear guide unit according to the invention, on the other hand, the two saddle parts can be mounted independently of the side, that is to say on the left and right legs of the supporting body 4.
Positionszahlenposition numbers
Führungsschieneguide rail
Kugelnroll
Führungswagencarriages
Tragkörpersupporting body
Endkappeendcap
Wälzkörperkanalrolling element
Tragkanalsupporting channel
RücklaufkanalReturn channel
Umlenkkanaldiversion channel
Tragschienerail
Stützteilsupporting part
Sattelteilsaddle part
Nutgroove
gotisches ProfilGothic profile
Laufbahncareer
Sattelflächesaddle surface
Stückfläche Lot size

Claims

Patentansprüche claims
1. Linearführungseinheit, mit einem auf einer Führungsschiene (1 ) langsverschieblichen über Wälzkörper (2) gelagerten Führungswagen (3), der einen Tragkörper (4) und stirnseitig an dem Tragkörper (4) angeordnete Endkappen (5) umfasst, wobei wenigstens ein endloser Wälzkörperkanal (6) vorgesehen ist, welcher Wälzkörperkanal (6) einen Tragkanal (7) für tragende Wälzkörper (2), einen Rücklaufkanal (8) für rücklaufende Wälzkörper (2) und zwei den Tragkanal (7) und den Rücklaufkanal (8) endlos miteinander verbindende, von den Endkappen (5) begrenzte Umlenkkanäle (9) aufweist, und wobei eine entlang des Tragkanals (7) angeordnete Tragschiene (10) einerseits mit einer den Tragkanal (7) begrenzenden Laufbahn (16) für die Wälzkörper (2) versehen und andererseits an dem Tragkörper (4) abgestützt ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Tragschiene (10) ein Stützteil (11) und ein Sattelteil (12) umfasst, wobei das Stützteil (11 ) an dem Tragkörper (4) aufgenommen ist, und wobei das Sattelteil (12) mit der Laufbahn (16) versehen und femer mit einer Sattelfläche (17) kippbeweglich an dem Stützteil (11) abgestützt ist.1. Linear guide unit, with a guide carriage (3) which is mounted on a guide rail (1) and can be moved slowly via rolling elements (2), which comprises a supporting body (4) and end caps (5) arranged on the end face of the supporting body (4), at least one endless rolling element channel (6) is provided, which rolling element channel (6) connects a supporting channel (7) for supporting rolling elements (2), a return channel (8) for returning rolling elements (2) and two continuously connecting the supporting channel (7) and the return channel (8) , Deflection channels (9) delimited by the end caps (5), and wherein a support rail (10) arranged along the support channel (7) is provided on the one hand with a raceway (16) for the rolling elements (2) delimiting the support channel (7) and on the other hand is supported on the support body (4), characterized in that the support rail (10) comprises a support part (11) and a saddle part (12), the support part (11) being received on the support body (4), and wherein the saddle part (12) is provided with the raceway (16) and is further supported with a saddle surface (17) such that it can be tilted on the support part (11).
2. Linearführung nach Anspruch 1 , bei der zwischen dem Tragkörper (4) und dem Stützteil (11) ein erster Reibwert vorgesehen ist, und bei der zwischen dem Stützteil (11 ) und dem Sattelteil (12) ein zweiter Reibwert vorgesehen ist, wobei der erste Reibwert größer als der zweite Reibwert eingestellt ist.2. Linear guide according to claim 1, in which a first coefficient of friction is provided between the support body (4) and the support part (11), and in which a second coefficient of friction is provided between the support part (11) and the saddle part (12), the first coefficient of friction is set greater than the second coefficient of friction.
3. Linearführung nach Anspruch 1 , bei der das Stützteil (11 ) in einer Nut (13) des Tragkörpers (4) eingesetzt ist und mit einer gekrümmten, mit der Sattelfläche zusammenarbeitenden Stützfläche (18) versehen ist.3. Linear guide according to claim 1, in which the support part (11) is inserted in a groove (13) of the supporting body (4) and is provided with a curved support surface (18) which cooperates with the saddle surface.
4. Linearführung nach Anspruch 1 , bei der das Stützteil (11 ) als Draht oder Stange mit vorzugsweise rundem Querschnitt ausgebildet ist. 4. Linear guide according to claim 1, wherein the support part (11) is designed as a wire or rod with a preferably round cross section.
5. Linearführung nach Anspruch 1 , bei der das Stützteil (11 ) und / oder das Sattelteil (12) aus in einem Wärmebehandlungsverfahren gehärteten Stahl gebildet sind.5. Linear guide according to claim 1, wherein the supporting part (11) and / or the saddle part (12) are formed from steel hardened in a heat treatment process.
6. Linearführung nach Anspruch 5, bei der der Tragkörper (4) im Stranggussverfahren hergestellt und gleitgeschliffen ist.6. Linear guide according to claim 5, in which the supporting body (4) is produced in the continuous casting process and is ground.
7. Linearführung nach Anspruch 1 , bei dem der Tragkörper (4) mit einer zu der Führungsschiene (1) hin geöffneten Nut (13) versehen ist, wobei der Nut- querschnitt kreisförmig oder gotisch ist und mehr als die Hälfte des Kreis- umfangs umgreift.7. Linear guide according to claim 1, in which the support body (4) is provided with a groove (13) open towards the guide rail (1), the groove cross section being circular or Gothic and encompassing more than half of the circumference ,
8. Linearführung nach Anspruch 1 , bei der das Sattelteil (12) zwei zueinander parallele Laufbahnen (16) jeweils eines Wälzkörperkanals (6) aufweist.8. Linear guide according to claim 1, wherein the saddle part (12) has two mutually parallel raceways (16) each having a rolling element channel (6).
9. Linearführung nach Anspruch 8, bei der die beiden Laufbahnen (16) an jeweils einer Seite des Sattelteils (12) ausgebildet sind, wobei an einer dem Stützteil (11 ) zugewandten Seite des Sattelteils (12) die Sattelfläche (17) ausgebildet ist, wobei eine Sattelachse des Sattelteils (12)) zwischen Lauf- bahnachsen der beiden Laufbahnen (16) angeordnet ist.9. Linear guide according to claim 8, in which the two raceways (16) are each formed on one side of the saddle part (12), the saddle surface (17) being formed on a side of the saddle part (12) facing the support part, a saddle axis of the saddle part (12)) being arranged between the raceway axes of the two raceways (16).
10. Linearführung nach Anspruch 8, bei der das Sattelteil (12) einen etwa dreieckförmigen Querschnitt aufweist, wobei eine erste und eine zweite Seite von insgesamt drei Seiten des Sattelteils (12) jeweils mit einer der Laufbah- nen (16) für die Wälzkörper (2) versehen sind, und wobei die dritte Seite des Sattelteils (12) mit der Sattelfläche (17) versehen ist.10. Linear guide according to claim 8, in which the saddle part (12) has an approximately triangular cross section, a first and a second side of a total of three sides of the saddle part (12) each having one of the raceways (16) for the rolling elements ( 2) are provided, and the third side of the saddle part (12) is provided with the saddle surface (17).
11. Linearführung nach Anspruch 10, bei der die erste und die zweite Seite mit einer konkaven Laufbahn (16) insbesondere für als Wälzkörper vorgesehe- ne Kugeln (2) versehen ist. 11. Linear guide according to claim 10, in which the first and second sides are provided with a concave raceway (16), in particular for balls (2) provided as rolling elements.
2. Linearführung nach Anspruch 10, bei der die dritte Seite als konkave Sattelfläche (17) ausgebildet ist, die mit der zylindrischen Umfangsfläche eines als Stützteils (11) vorgesehenen Drahtes oder einer Stange zusammenarbeitet. 2. Linear guide according to claim 10, wherein the third side is designed as a concave saddle surface (17) which cooperates with the cylindrical peripheral surface of a wire or rod provided as a supporting part (11).
EP03753559A 2002-10-16 2003-10-15 Linear guiding unit Withdrawn EP1552171A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10248236 2002-10-16
DE10248236A DE10248236A1 (en) 2002-10-16 2002-10-16 Linear guide unit
PCT/EP2003/011422 WO2004036072A1 (en) 2002-10-16 2003-10-15 Linear guiding unit

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EP1552171A1 true EP1552171A1 (en) 2005-07-13

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EP03753559A Withdrawn EP1552171A1 (en) 2002-10-16 2003-10-15 Linear guiding unit

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US (1) US7393139B2 (en)
EP (1) EP1552171A1 (en)
KR (1) KR20050065599A (en)
CN (1) CN100402876C (en)
AU (1) AU2003271729A1 (en)
DE (1) DE10248236A1 (en)
WO (1) WO2004036072A1 (en)

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US7393139B2 (en) 2008-07-01
DE10248236A1 (en) 2004-04-29
US20060140517A1 (en) 2006-06-29
CN100402876C (en) 2008-07-16
KR20050065599A (en) 2005-06-29
AU2003271729A1 (en) 2004-05-04
CN1726351A (en) 2006-01-25
WO2004036072A1 (en) 2004-04-29

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