EP1552115A1

EP1552115A1 - Displacing device

Info

Publication number: EP1552115A1
Application number: EP03753521A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Jan Klindworth
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2002-10-10
Filing date: 2003-10-07
Publication date: 2005-07-13
Also published as: EP1549829A1; US20050268872A1; WO2004035995A1; AU2003267430A1; DE10247204B4; DE10247204A1; US20050280303A1; US7316211B2; AU2003271698A1; JP2006503237A; WO2004035996A1; KR20050049532A; KR20050083734A; US7303499B2; JP2006515917A

Abstract

The invention relates to a device for displacing two part (2, 3) relative to each other, except a displacing device which is provided for displacing a camshaft. The aim of the invention is to create a displacing device which is easy and smooth to operate, is self-locking, and ensures a largely backlash-free, continuous displacement of the two parts at a high degree of efficiency. Said aim is achieved by providing the displacing device with a first part (2) comprising webs (2.3, 22.3) which are spaced apart in the circumferential direction and between which chambers (2.4) are embodied, a second part (3) comprising an internal toothing (3.2, 13.2), and several teeth (7, 27) that are disposed at a distance from each other in the circumferential direction within the chambers (2.4) and have an inner contact area (7.4) for resting against an eccentric drive member (6) as well as an outer contact area (7.5) for engagement with the interior toothing (3.2, 13.2). Rotary movements can be performed by the teeth (7, 27) located within the chambers (2.4) about axes of rotation that run parallel to the axis of rotation (A) of the parts (2, 3) when an input shaft (4) is rotated.

Description

adjustment

The invention relates to an adjusting device for adjusting two components according to the preamble of claim 1. Such adjusting devices are used, among other things, for adjusting joint parts and as a reduction gear.

Stepper motors, among other things, can be used as adjusting devices, which have a self-locking and an exact, but only discrete, i.e. do not allow continuous adjustment. A worm gear can also be used to achieve self-locking and high reduction. However, worm gears have a low degree of efficiency with relatively high friction and require abrasion-resistant and heat-resistant materials.

DE 195 08 328 A1 shows a self-locking adjustment device

Twisting of two fitting parts relative to each other. One of the two fitting parts has an internal toothing into which bolts or teeth can be inserted along a straight, radial direction. The teeth are guided in chambers between webs of the other fitting part in such a way that the radial inward and outward movement is made possible. The teeth are supported inwards on a control surface which is designed as the outer surface of an egg-shaped control member. When the control member rotates, the teeth are thus periodically shifted outward in the radial direction, some of the teeth engaging in tooth gaps. The outer end portions of the teeth and the recesses or tooth gaps of the internal toothing taper towards the outside, so that the teeth transmit a torque between the webs of the second fitting part and the internal toothing of the first fitting part when inserted eccentrically into a recess.

On the one hand, this adjustment device has the disadvantage that only partial self-locking is achieved. If a torque acts on the fitting part with the internal toothing, contribute to the self-locking Effect only - depending on the engagement situation of the teeth - those one or two teeth that are pressed by the teeth of the internal toothing against the eccentric area of the control element. The opposite teeth do not contribute to self-locking any more than those teeth which are in the radially outer position, ie, form-fitting in the recess, and those teeth which are in the radially inner position, ie do not engage in the tooth gaps of the internal toothing. The possibly only one tooth, which is to contribute to the self-locking effect, can, however, transmit a force not directed towards the axis of rotation from the internal toothing to the control member between the point of application of the internal toothing on its outer contact surface and its inner contact surface resting on the control member thus leads to the transmission of a torque. In this case, in particular if only a few teeth are used, there is also no positive locking between the internal toothing and the webs and therefore - at least in the event of an unfavorable engagement situation of the teeth - no complete self-locking is achieved.

Furthermore, a play-free design of such an adjustment device is problematic. The teeth that are linearly displaceable in the radial direction slide with their side surfaces on the side surfaces of the webs of the second fitting part. A play-free arrangement of the teeth between the webs is practically not possible; To achieve a low-friction guidance of the teeth between the webs, a certain excess is rather necessary. Even in the case of a positive engagement of a tooth in its radially outer position in a recess in the internal toothing, a play between the control surface and the tooth will ultimately remain due to the tolerances caused by production technology.

The object of the invention is to create an adjustment device which, with simple and smooth operability, ensures self-locking and at least largely play-free, stepless adjustment of the two components. A high reduction ratio should advantageously be achievable. This object is achieved by an adjustment device according to claim 1. The sub-claims describe preferred further developments.

According to the invention, the teeth therefore carry out rotary movements during the adjustment movement. These movements of the teeth can generally be superimpositions of a linear movement directed outwards and inwards in the radial direction and a rotational movement of the teeth about a respective rotation axis parallel to the rotation axis of the components. In a particularly preferred manner, the teeth each run back on a circular arc path from their inner contact with the drive member to the outer contact on the internal toothing and on a further circular arc path.

The rotary movements of the teeth according to the invention enable a good adaptation of the shape of the teeth and webs as well as the internal toothing to the movement sequence, which enables a self-locking engagement of part of the teeth. Here, in particular, a favorable transmission angle between the movable tooth and the internal toothing is achieved, in which the force is transmitted from the movable tooth to the internal toothing with a small radial component, so that a high degree of efficiency can be achieved. Furthermore, a defined contact of a tooth on the two adjacent webs is made possible, which leads to a reduction in play.

Advantageously, in the radially outermost position of a tooth, no contact with the internal toothing is achieved in order to ensure a defined contact with the adjacent webs in this position as well. The coupling of the teeth to the internal toothing thus takes place on the preferably inclined tooth flanks of the internal toothing, with at least one tooth in each case resting on a front or rear tooth flank in the direction of rotation.

An eccentric is advantageously provided as the drive element for the adjustment of the teeth. For this purpose, an eccentrically attached circular disc can be rigidly attached to the input shaft, on the outer surface of which the tough ne with their inner contact surfaces. Advantageously, however, an eccentric ring is additionally provided between the eccentric disk and the inner contact surfaces of the teeth. The eccentric ring essentially performs a wobble movement without rotation, so that the teeth can be driven essentially without frictional engagement of their inner contact surface on the eccentric ring. The teeth roll on the eccentric ring only with a low rolling friction, so that a high degree of efficiency is achieved.

In order to achieve a defined contact of the teeth on the drive member, they are advantageously radially preloaded. This can be done on the one hand by a bias towards the axis of rotation, the z. B. by a prestressed elastic O-ring, for. B. a rubber ring is exercised. The O-ring can surround axial projections or areas of the teeth, z. B. can also be placed through recesses in the teeth. In addition, an external bias can be applied. This bias can, for. B. done by a preloaded spring element which sits on the shaft and presses the eccentric in one direction radially outwards. The spring element can in this case be deformed in a purely elastic manner or can be introduced into the adjusting device with partial plastic deformation. Furthermore, a radial preload towards the outside is also necessary. B. possible by an oversize. However, a pretension is generally not necessary.

The rotational movement of the teeth can advantageously be initiated by a control surface at their radially inner reversal point acting as bottom dead center. The control surface comes into contact with the inner contact surfaces of the teeth when they are in their radially inner positions. This particularly prevents the teeth from jamming at the bottom dead center of their movement. The control surface can, in particular, be a control toothing region of a control gearwheel which is connected to the second component in a rotationally fixed manner or is formed in one piece therewith. An external toothing can serve in particular as the control toothing. Here, the inner contact surface of a tooth comes with tooth gaps or recesses in the external toothing of the second component in engagement. Instead of an external toothing, an internal toothing can also be provided accordingly.

According to one embodiment, the tooth can be rotated about a pivot point defined on the first component by a nose of the tooth engaging in a corresponding guide in the chamber between the webs of the other component. The guide tapers inward in the radial direction in order to ensure the defined pivot point in the radially inner position of the tooth and to enable both the inward and the outward circular arc path in radially outer positions, to which the side surfaces of the teeth adhere in a defined manner Glide the side surfaces of the webs.

As an alternative to this, the teeth and webs can also have shoulder regions which ensure the defined rotational movement when the teeth slide on the webs.

Furthermore, a control disk can also be provided with a control surface which causes a frictional engagement with inner contact surfaces of the teeth. B. is rigidly connected to the input shaft or the drive member.

The adjustment device according to the invention is robust and can transmit high torques and ensure precise position adjustment with reliable self-locking. Thanks to the favorable transmission angle between the moving tooth and the internal toothing, high levels of efficiency can be achieved. A high reduction ratio is advantageously achieved, so that it is possible to use high-speed, small-sized and inexpensive motors with a low output torque.

The adjusting device according to the invention is to be used in particular for adjusting joint parts such as robot joint parts, so that a robot joint can be realized in which the motors and / or the adjusting devices in the joint parts or robot parts arm parts can be accommodated. Other uses are the adjustment of a cable drum of a cable, e.g. B. a window lifter or sunroof, in a clamping device for holding down a clamping arm z. B. for holding metal sheets together during welding work and as a reduction gear in an engine or a turbine.

The invention is explained in more detail below with the aid of the accompanying drawings in some embodiments. Show it:

Figure 1 is an exploded view of an adjustment device according to an embodiment of the invention.

2 shows a cross section of the adjusting device;

3 shows a longitudinal section of the adjusting device;

4 shows a perspective view of the adjusting device;

5a, b show a front view and a side view of a tooth;

6 shows a cross section showing, in particular, the teeth engaging in the internal toothing;

7 shows a cross section or superimposed representation, in particular of the teeth engaging in the external toothing

8a-d show the movement of a tooth between adjacent webs;

9a-d show the movement of a tooth between the internal and external teeth;

10a-c front, side and rear view of the second component; 11a-c front, side and rear view of the first component;

12 shows a cross section of an adjusting device according to a further embodiment.

An adjusting device 1 according to FIG. 1 has a first flange part 2 as the first component, which can be connected to a further component of the overall device via fastening holes 2.1. The first flange part 2 has a central hole 2.2 and webs 2.3 which are spaced apart in the circumferential direction and project in the axial direction, between which chambers 2.4 are defined. A second flange part 3 serving as a second component has fastening holes 3.1 for attachment to another component of the overall device and an internal toothing 3.2 with teeth 3.3 and depressions 3.4 formed between the teeth 3.3. An input shaft 4 has a square area 4.1, on which spacers 4.4 are placed on two opposite sides and an elastic (possibly also with additional plastic pre-bending) tension spring element 4.3 is placed on another side. A circular disc 4.2 with a square-shaped central hole 4.5 is placed on the spacers 4.4 and the tension spring element 4.3. The disc 4.2 is by

Tension spring element 4.3 pressed radially outwards and serves in its eccentric position as an eccentric disc 4.2. The spacers 4.4 slide on the square area 4.1 and / or the eccentric 4.2.

An eccentric ring 6 is placed around the eccentric disk 4.2 and leads

Rotation of the input shaft 4 by a wobble. Teeth 7 are distributed in the circumferential direction in such a way that they bear with inner contact surfaces 7.4 on the eccentric ring 6 and extend away from the axis of rotation A. Outer contact surfaces 7.5 of the teeth 7 engage in the internal toothing 3.2 of the second component 3 when the input shaft 4 rotates. By prestressing the tension spring element 4.3, the teeth 7 are pressed into the internal toothing 3.2. An O-ring 8 is preloaded around axially projecting projections 7.1 of the teeth 7 and causes each tooth 7 to rest against its inner one Contact surface 7.4 on the outside of the eccentric ring 6. In principle, the preload by the O-ring 8 or by the tension spring element 4.3 (and the projections 7.1) can be omitted, since one of the two preloads is sufficient. A clamping ring 10 serves to compress the components in the axial direction.

The guidance of the teeth 7 in the chambers 2.4 between the webs 2.3 can be seen in particular from FIG. 2 and FIGS. 8 and 9, since the teeth 7 are each in different, successive engagement positions when the eccentric disk 4.2 rotates. The lowest tooth 7 in FIG. 2 is in the innermost position in the radial direction, in which it rests with its outer contact surface 7.5 against the apex of a tooth 3.3 of the internal toothing 3.2. Here, the tooth 7 extends exactly in the radial direction. The top tooth 7 in FIG. 2 is in its outermost position in the radial direction, in which it is in engagement with a recess 3.4 (tooth gap) of the internal toothing 3.2. This tooth 7 and the other teeth of approximately the lower half, which are shown in FIG. 7, experience a torque through the external toothing 5.2, which causes a defined tilting of the tooth in the innermost position acting as the bottom dead center of the inward and outward movement of the teeth , The teeth 7 move on circular arc paths between the innermost and outermost position. 5, the teeth 7 taper from the inner contact surface 7.4 to the outer contact surface 7.5, which, as shown, can be flat or curved. Side surfaces 7.6 of the teeth advantageously have concave side surface regions 7.7. The teeth 7 slide according to FIG. 8 with their side surfaces 7.6, essentially with the concave side surface region 1.1 on the webs 2.3. The webs 2.3 taper towards the axis of rotation A, are essentially triangular or wedge-shaped and advantageously also have concave side surface areas 2.6.

In the chambers 2.4, guides 2.7 are furthermore formed as depressions into which axially projecting lugs 7.9 of the teeth 17 engage. The lugs 7.9 are arranged approximately in the middle of the teeth 7 and extend in the axial direction opposite to those arranged at the lower end of the teeth 7 Projections 7.1. The guides 2.7 taper towards the axis of rotation A, so that the lugs 7.9 are accommodated in the innermost position of the teeth 7 essentially without play and form a defined pivot point for the teeth 7. The circular arc-shaped outward and inward movements of the teeth 7 are made possible by widening the guides 7.7 outwards.

The external gear 5 is designed to be torsionally rigid or in one piece with the second flange part 3. In the representations of Figures 2 and 7, the external gear 5 and the eccentric ring 6 are shown superimposed. The external toothing area 5.2 of the external gear 5 with teeth 5.3 and recesses 5.4 formed between them (tooth gaps) serves as a control surface. The number of tooth gaps 5.4 of the external toothing 5 can, for. B. by one higher than the number of teeth 7 and the number of teeth 7 again equal to the number of webs 12.3 and one less than the number of teeth 3.3 of the internal toothing 3.2 of the second flange part 3. The inner contact surfaces 7.4 of the

Teeth 7 come close to their radially inner position, i.e. in the lower teeth of FIG. 2 or the teeth 7 shown in FIG. 7, in contact with side flanks of the teeth 5.3 of the external gear 5.

Due to the positive reception of the inner contact surfaces 7.4

Teeth 7 on the external gear 5 achieve a defined rotation of the teeth 7 in their innermost position corresponding to a bottom dead center; alternatively, a frictional engagement of the teeth 7 on a with z. B. the input shaft 4 torsionally rigid control disc possible. There is a continuous support of the teeth 7 on the acting as a drive member

Eccentric rings 6, through which a functional separation of the drive effect and the control surface which causes the teeth to twist or tilt is achieved.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 12, essentials correspond

Parts of the first embodiment and are therefore not described in more detail. The adjusting device has teeth 27 with lateral shoulder regions 27.1 and webs 22.3 with lateral shoulder regions 22.4, which are used during the sliding movement the teeth 27 come to rest against each other. The shape of the shoulder areas allows the movement of the teeth to be adequately defined, so that, compared to the embodiment in FIGS. 1 to 11, the slot-pin guide is omitted. Thus, the entire management and power transmission takes place in one level, which z. B. tilting moments acting on the teeth from the plane can be avoided. In this embodiment, too, an external gear 15 is provided as the control gear. With its external toothing 15.2, this captures the lower areas of the teeth 27.

According to the external gear 5 or 15 can also be decoupled from the output shaft and z. B. be freely rotating. In such an arrangement, the teeth 7 and 27 drive the freely rotating external gear 5 in their inward movement and are rotated by the external gear.

Claims

claims

1. Adjusting device for adjusting two components (2, 3) relative to one another, except for a device for adjusting the timing of a camshaft, the adjusting device having an input shaft (4), an eccentric drive member (4.2,

6), a first component (2) with webs (2.3,

22.3), between which chambers (2.4) are formed, a second component (3) with internal teeth (3.2, 13.2), and a plurality of teeth (7, 27), which are arranged in the chambers (2.4) at a distance from one another in the circumferential direction, each have an inner contact surface (7.4) for contact with the drive member (6) and an outer contact surface (7.5) for engagement with the internal toothing (3.2, 13.2) and can be adjusted in the radial direction when the input shaft (4) rotates, with rotation of the input shaft (4), the components (2, 3) can be rotated in a self-locking manner relative to one another by engagement of the teeth (7, 27) in the webs (22.3) and in the internal toothing (3.2), characterized in that when the input shaft (4 ) of the teeth (7, 27) in the chambers (2.4) rotary movements around to the axis of rotation (A) of the components (2,

3) parallel axes of rotation can be carried out.

Adjusting device according to claim 1, characterized in that when the input shaft (4) rotates, each tooth (7, 27) can be guided radially inwards on a first circular arc-shaped path and subsequently radially outwards on a second circular-arc-shaped path.

Adjusting device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that a control surface (5.2) is provided for engagement in the teeth (7, 27) , with the control surface (5.2) being able to exert torques on the teeth (7) in order to carry out the rotary movements.

4. Adjusting device according to claim 3, characterized in that the teeth (7, 27) are supported radially inwards by the drive member (6) and the control surface (5.2) only in radially inner positions of a tooth (7, 27) in engagement with an inner contact surface (7.4) of the tooth (7, 27).

5. Adjusting device according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that the control surface is a control tooth area (5.2, 15.2) of a control gear (5, 15), preferably an external gear.

6. Adjusting device according to claim 5, characterized in that the control toothing area is an external toothing area (5.2, 15.2) of an external gear (5.15) connected to the second component (13) in a rotationally fixed manner.

7. Adjusting device according to claim 5, characterized in that the control gear (5, 15) about the axis of rotation (A) of the components is freely rotatable.

8. Adjusting device according to one of claims 3 to 5, characterized in that an axially projecting nose (7.9) is formed on the tooth (7, 27), which is received in a guide (2.7) of the first component (2).

9. Adjusting device according to claim 8, characterized in that the

The guide is a depression (2.7) formed in the first component (2) between the webs (22.3).

10. Adjusting device according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that the guide (2.7) tapers towards the axis of rotation.

11. Adjusting device according to claim 10, characterized in that the

Tooth (7, 27) is rotatable in a radially inner position about an axis of rotation defined by the nose (7.9).

12. Adjusting device according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the teeth (27) and webs (22) on their side surfaces serving as sliding surfaces have shoulder regions (22.4, 27.1) which come into contact with one another.

13. Adjusting device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the webs 2.3, (22.3) taper towards the axis of rotation.

14. Adjusting device according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the control surface (15.2, 5.2) is formed on a control disk (5, 15) which can be rotated by the input shaft (4), preferably with frictional engagement between the control surface (5.2, 15.2). and the radially inner contact surfaces (7.4) of the teeth in their radially inner positions.

15. Adjusting device according to claim 14, characterized in that the control disc (5) engages only in the control surface (5.2) with the inner contact surfaces (7.4) of the teeth (7, 27).

16. Adjusting device according to claim 14 or 15, characterized in that the control disc (6) on the drive shaft (4) is rigidly fixed, preferably by a locking lug of the drive shaft (4), which is guided through a locking recess of the control disc (5) is.

17. Adjusting device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the webs (2.3, 22.3) have a taper with concave side surfaces (2.5) in a radially central region (2.6).

18. Adjusting device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the teeth (7, 27) each between a radially inner region (7.2) having the inner contact surface (7.4) and a radially outer region (7.3) having the outer contact surface (7.5) ) have a central region (7.6) connecting the regions (7.2, 7.3) with at least partially concave side surfaces (7.7) for sliding and / or rolling contact with the webs (2.4).

19. Adjusting device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the drive member is an eccentric ring (6) which is slidably guided on an eccentric disc (4.2) of the drive shaft (4).

20. Adjusting device according to claim 19, characterized in that the eccentric ring (6) performs a wobble movement, preferably essentially without rotation, the inner contact surfaces of the teeth (7, 27) rolling on the eccentric ring (6).

21. Vehicle seat according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the teeth (7, 17, 27) are biased in the radial direction.

22. Vehicle seat according to claim 21, characterized in that the teeth (7, 17, 27) are biased towards the axis of rotation and have axially projecting projections (7.1, 17.1) or areas around which an elastic ring (8, biased towards the axis of rotation) 18) is laid.

23. Vehicle seat according to claim 21, characterized in that the teeth (7, 17, 27) are preloaded radially outwards, and a tension spring element (4.3) between an eccentric disc (4.2, 14.2) and the input shaft (4, 14). is arranged, which presses the eccentric disc (4.2, 14.2) radially outward from the input shaft (4, 14).

24. Vehicle seat according to claim 23, characterized in that the

Tension spring element (4.3) by at least partially plastic deformation between the input shaft (4), preferably a flattened area (4.1) of the input shaft (4), and the eccentric disc (4.2, 14.2) is introduced.