EP1547442A2 - Heating conductor and use thereof - Google Patents

Heating conductor and use thereof

Info

Publication number
EP1547442A2
EP1547442A2 EP03720204A EP03720204A EP1547442A2 EP 1547442 A2 EP1547442 A2 EP 1547442A2 EP 03720204 A EP03720204 A EP 03720204A EP 03720204 A EP03720204 A EP 03720204A EP 1547442 A2 EP1547442 A2 EP 1547442A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
heating conductor
conductor according
carrier
heating
electrical connections
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP03720204A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Heinz Ransmann
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Heitexx Ltd
Original Assignee
Heitexx Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Heitexx Ltd filed Critical Heitexx Ltd
Publication of EP1547442A2 publication Critical patent/EP1547442A2/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/20—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater
    • H05B3/34—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater flexible, e.g. heating nets or webs
    • H05B3/342—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater flexible, e.g. heating nets or webs heaters used in textiles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D13/00—Electric heating systems
    • F24D13/02—Electric heating systems solely using resistance heating, e.g. underfloor heating
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
    • H05B2203/002—Heaters using a particular layout for the resistive material or resistive elements
    • H05B2203/007—Heaters using a particular layout for the resistive material or resistive elements using multiple electrically connected resistive elements or resistive zones
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
    • H05B2203/011—Heaters using laterally extending conductive material as connecting means
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
    • H05B2203/013—Heaters using resistive films or coatings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
    • H05B2203/017—Manufacturing methods or apparatus for heaters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
    • H05B2203/026—Heaters specially adapted for floor heating
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
    • H05B2203/029—Heaters specially adapted for seat warmers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
    • H05B2203/036—Heaters specially adapted for garment heating
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a heating conductor for an electrical resistance heating, in particular for an electrical surface heating.
  • Electrical heating conductors are used to generate heat, for example in electrical heating devices, but also for heating any objects.
  • the spatial distribution of the heat emission and the conditions of use there are different requirements for electrical resistance, temperature and corrosion resistance, mechanical strength and service life.
  • Heat conductors of the type in question can be operated with a wide variety of voltages, with operation in a low-voltage mode and a correspondingly upstream transformer being preferred in the context of a reliable application.
  • a power output of approx. 180 watts per m 2 is required and also corresponds to the usual performance dimensions.
  • the present invention is based on the object of designing and developing a heat conductor for an electrical resistance heater, in particular for an electric surface heater, in such a way that it is suitable for heating any objects and materials due to its ideal adaptability, and this with the smallest thickness, maximum flexibility and simplest Construction.
  • a generic heat conductor ie a heat conductor for one Electrical resistance heating, in particular for an electrical surface heating which can be operated with low voltage, is designed and developed in such a way that it comprises an electrically non-conductive carrier and an electrically conductive coating of the carrier, the coating contacting electrical connections of the heating conductor.
  • a universally usable heating conductor can be realized by using a carrier material which brings about the strength or stability, but above all also bendability, elasticity or the like of the heating conductor.
  • This carrier material is non-conductive and carries an electrically conductive coating which is applied to the carrier material with sufficient strength.
  • the carrier material can be both natural materials and plastics or the like.
  • the carrier is flat, the use of a plate as carrier material being conceivable.
  • the plate could be provided on one or both sides with the electrically conductive coating.
  • the carrier is designed to be flexible and / or deformable. Both plastic and elastic deformability are conceivable.
  • the carrier could be designed as a film, fabric, in particular textile fabric and also as a braid. In a very particularly advantageous embodiment, the carrier could have a grid-like structure, it could be designed in the manner of a fly screen.
  • the design of the support as a braid or lattice-like structure would have the advantage that it can be arranged together with the electrically conductive coating, for example in the thin-bed mortar under tiles, the structure of this type providing adequate wetting of the tiles with the thin-bed mortar - due to the lattice-like Structure through - made possible.
  • such a configuration is always advantageous when the heating conductor must have a breathable or air-permeable property. This will be referred to later in connection with the different applications.
  • the use of a fly screen as a carrier material would have the great advantage that an inexpensive mass product can be used as a carrier material.
  • mosquito nets can be assembled as desired and are extremely thin.
  • textile fabric as a carrier material brings almost unlimited uses, since the textile fabric can be deformed sufficiently even after coating with an electrically conductive material and can be adapted accordingly.
  • electrical connections With regard to the required electrical connections, a sufficiently good contact with the electrically conductive material, i.e. with the coating, required.
  • the electrical connections could be placed in parallel on the carrier and electrically connected to the coating. Electrically conductive wires, strips or tracks are possible as electrical connections, these being made of copper in a very preferred manner.
  • tissue or lattice structures are used as carrier material, the electrical connections - as wires - could be inserted or woven into the tissue or into the lattice. This results in a mechanical coupling with the grid.
  • the electrical connections are preferably arranged parallel to one another with the greatest possible distance from one another in or on the carrier. This arrangement can be achieved at least in part by mechanical connection. However, it is particularly advantageous if the electrical connections are integrated into the structure of the heating conductor by means of the coating, so that the connections are fastened and contacted when the electrically conductive coating is applied.
  • the coating consists of an electrically conductive plastic.
  • This plastic could contain electrically conductive additives such as graphite, carbon black, metal particles or the like.
  • Any brushable, sprayable, impregnable or liquid-like material that can be applied to the carrier is suitable as the plastic.
  • the plastic Particularly in the case of a textile or lattice structure-like configuration of the carrier, it can ideally be impregnated with liquid plastic, the electrical connections having to be pre-fixed at appropriate points.
  • Any plastic material with electrical conductivity that is to be processed is suitable here.
  • a heating conductor according to the above explanations can be used for any purpose.
  • it can be used as a heating conductor for wall heating, in particular for attachment under wall tiles, wall panels or the like.
  • the heating conductor can be introduced into the thin-bed mortar without affecting the adhesive properties of the thin-bed mortar between the wall and the tile or plate.
  • the heating conductor can be used for underfloor heating, in particular for attachment under floor tiles, floor panels or the like.
  • the heating conductor can be used for underfloor heating, in particular for attachment under floor tiles, floor panels or the like.
  • Object heating elements can be realized in a particularly sophisticated manner with the heating conductor according to the invention, in particular in the form of pictures, plastics or the like, the heating conductor being inserted into the object or being attached directly to the object behind the object.
  • the heating conductor being inserted into the object or being attached directly to the object behind the object.
  • a painted glass plate can be heated from the back, so that it also serves as an object radiator.
  • the heat conductor can be used to implement a seat heater, in particular for a seat heater in a motor vehicle seat.
  • the heat conductor is placed on or in the upholstery of the seat to be heated, so that the seat or the backrest of the motor vehicle seat can be heated in an ideal manner. Breathable behavior is guaranteed with the appropriate structure of the carrier material.
  • the heating conductor could be used to heat any tissue or textile materials, namely by inserting the heating conductor into the Tissue or material, preferably between two layers of the tissue or material, is introduced.
  • the fabric or material could be a blanket, a duvet cover, a fitted sheet, clothes or the like.
  • pants, jackets, coats or the like could be heated in this way, and the introduction of the heating conductor into corresponding items of clothing can also be designed to be reversible.
  • the single figure shows an exemplary embodiment of a heating conductor according to the invention for an electrical resistance heater, this specifically being an electrical surface heater, as can be used, for example, under the floor tiles in the bathroom.
  • the heating conductor can be operated with any voltage, whereby the supply with low voltage is suitable for safety reasons.
  • the heat conductor comprises an electrically non-conductive carrier 1 and an electrically conductive coating 2 of the carrier 1. Furthermore, two electrical connections 3 are provided, which are embedded or cast in the electrically conductive coating 2.
  • the embodiment shown in the single figure is specifically a carrier 1 with a lattice-like structure 4.
  • the electrically conductive coating 2 acts as a heat conductor between the electrical connections 3 arranged parallel to one another. Between the lattice-like structure 4 there are free spaces (5), through which, for example, thin-bed mortar or adhesive can penetrate when laying slabs. In this respect, the heating conductor is particularly suitable for laying in thin-bed mortar or adhesive for laying tiles.
  • the electrically non-conductive carrier 1 is made of a fibrous material or plastic.
  • the electrically conductive coating 2 is a special plastic that is electrically conductive due to its additives.

Abstract

The invention relates to a heating conductor for an electric resistance heating system, in particular an electric radiant heating system, whereby the heating system can be operated at low voltage. Said conductor comprises an electrically non-conductive support (1) and an electrically conductive coating (2) of the support (1), whereby the coating (2) makes contact with electric connections (3).

Description

,Heizleiter und Verwendung des Heizleiters' 'Heating conductor and use of the heating conductor'
Die Erfindung betrifft einen Heizleiter für eine elektrische Widerstandsheizung, insbesondere für eine elektrische Flächenheizung.The invention relates to a heating conductor for an electrical resistance heating, in particular for an electrical surface heating.
Elektrische Heizleiter dienen zur Warmerzeugung, z.B. in Elektrowärmegeräten, aber auch zur flächigen Beheizung jedweder Gegenstände. Je nach den erforderlichen Temperaturen, der räumlichen Verteilung der Wärmeabgabe und den Einsatzbedingungen werden unterschiedliche Anforderungen an den elektrischen Widerstand, die Temperatur- und Korrosionsbeständigkeit, mechanische Festigkeit und Lebensdauer gestellt. Insoweit gibt es eine Vielzahl unterschiedlicher Heizleiter und unterschiedlicher Heizleiter-Materialien, wobei für den Heizleiter üblicherweise Metalle und deren Legierungen verwendet werden. Heizleiter der hier in Rede stehenden Art können mit unterschiedlichsten Spannungen betrieben werden, wobei im Rahmen einer betriebssicheren Anwendung der Betrieb mit Niederspannung und einem entsprechend vorgeschalteten Trafo zu bevorzugen ist. Im Falle einer Fußbodenheizung ist eine Leistungsabgabe von ca. 180 Watt pro m2 erforderlich und entspricht auch den üblichen leistungsmäßigen Dimensionierungen.Electrical heating conductors are used to generate heat, for example in electrical heating devices, but also for heating any objects. Depending on the required temperatures, the spatial distribution of the heat emission and the conditions of use, there are different requirements for electrical resistance, temperature and corrosion resistance, mechanical strength and service life. In this respect, there are a large number of different heating conductors and different heating conductor materials, with metals and their alloys usually being used for the heating conductor. Heat conductors of the type in question can be operated with a wide variety of voltages, with operation in a low-voltage mode and a correspondingly upstream transformer being preferred in the context of a reliable application. In the case of underfloor heating, a power output of approx. 180 watts per m 2 is required and also corresponds to the usual performance dimensions.
Herkömmliche Heizleiter sind jedoch insbesondere im Hinblick auf eine universelle Verwendbarkeit problematisch, da Sie nur bedingt flexibel ausgestaltet sind, so dass eine ideale Anpassung an zu beheizende Gegenstände nicht immer möglich ist. Außerdem verfügen sie über eine nur geringe Elastizität und Wechselfestigkeit, so dass auch insoweit deren Einsatz begrenzt ist.However, conventional heating conductors are problematic in particular with regard to their universal usability, since they are of only limited flexibility, so that an ideal adaptation to objects to be heated is not always possible. In addition, they have only low elasticity and fatigue strength, so that their use is limited.
Der vorliegenden Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, einen Heizleiter für eine elektrische Widerstandsheizung, insbesondere für eine elektrische Flächenheizung, derart auszugestalten und weiterzubilden, dass sie sich durch ideale Anpassungsfähigkeit zum Beheizen jedweder Gegenstände und Materialien eignet, und dies bei geringster Dicke, höchster Flexibilität und einfachster Konstruktion.The present invention is based on the object of designing and developing a heat conductor for an electrical resistance heater, in particular for an electric surface heater, in such a way that it is suitable for heating any objects and materials due to its ideal adaptability, and this with the smallest thickness, maximum flexibility and simplest Construction.
Erfindungsgemäß ist ein gattungsbildender Heizleiter, d.h. ein Heizleiter für eine elektrische Widerstandsheizung, insbesondere für eine elektrische Flächenheizung, der mit Niederspannung betreibbar ist, derart ausgestaltet und weitergebildet, dass er einen elektrisch nicht leitenden Träger und eine elektrisch leitende Beschichtung des Trägers umfasst, wobei die Beschichtung elektrische Anschlüsse des Heizleiters kontaktiert.According to the invention is a generic heat conductor, ie a heat conductor for one Electrical resistance heating, in particular for an electrical surface heating which can be operated with low voltage, is designed and developed in such a way that it comprises an electrically non-conductive carrier and an electrically conductive coating of the carrier, the coating contacting electrical connections of the heating conductor.
Erfindungsgemäß ist erkannt worden, dass man einen universell verwendbaren Heizleiter dadurch realisieren kann, dass man ein Trägermaterial verwendet, welches die Festigkeit bzw. Stabilität, vor allem aber auch Biegbarkeit, Elastizität oder dergleichen des Heizleiters bewerkstelligt. Dieses Trägermaterial ist nicht leitend und trägt eine elektrische leitende Beschichtung, die hinreichend fest auf das Trägermaterial aufgebracht ist. So kann es sich bei dem Trägermaterial sowohl um Naturstoffe als auch um Kunststoffe oder dergleichen handeln.According to the invention, it has been recognized that a universally usable heating conductor can be realized by using a carrier material which brings about the strength or stability, but above all also bendability, elasticity or the like of the heating conductor. This carrier material is non-conductive and carries an electrically conductive coating which is applied to the carrier material with sufficient strength. The carrier material can be both natural materials and plastics or the like.
In vorteilhafter Ausgestaltung ist der Träger flächig ausgebildet, wobei die Verwendung einer Platte als Trägermaterial denkbar ist. Die Platte könnte einseitig oder beidseitig mit der elektrisch leitenden Beschichtung versehen sein.In an advantageous embodiment, the carrier is flat, the use of a plate as carrier material being conceivable. The plate could be provided on one or both sides with the electrically conductive coating.
Ebenso ist es denkbar, dass der Träger biegsam und/oder verformbar ausgeführt ist. Sowohl eine plastische als auch eine elastische Verformbarkeit ist denkbar. So könnte der Träger als Folie, Gewebe, insbesondere textiles Gewebe und auch als Geflecht ausgeführt sein. In ganz besonders vorteilhafter Ausgestaltung könnte der Träger eine gitterartige Struktur haben, wobei er im Sinne eines Fliegengitters ausgeführt sein könnte.It is also conceivable that the carrier is designed to be flexible and / or deformable. Both plastic and elastic deformability are conceivable. The carrier could be designed as a film, fabric, in particular textile fabric and also as a braid. In a very particularly advantageous embodiment, the carrier could have a grid-like structure, it could be designed in the manner of a fly screen.
Gerade die Ausgestaltung des Trägers als Geflecht bzw. gitterartige Struktur hätte den Vorteil, dass er gemeinsam mit der elektrisch leitenden Beschichtung beispielsweise in den Dünnbettmörtel unter Fliesen angeordnet werden kann, wobei die derartige Struktur eine hinreichend gute Benetzung der Fliesen mit dem Dünnbettmörtel - durch die gitterartige Struktur hindurch - ermöglicht. Außerdem ist eine solche Ausgestaltung immer dann von Vorteil, wenn der Heizleiter eine atmungsaktive bzw. luftdurchlässige Eigenschaft haben muss. Darauf wird später noch in Verbindung mit der unterschiedlichen Anwendungen Bezug genommen. Die Verwendung eines Fliegengitters als Trägermaterial hätte den großen Vorteil, dass man hier ein preiswertes Massenprodukt als Trägermaterial verwenden kann. Außerdem lässt sich Fliegengitter beliebig konfektionieren und hat eine äußerst geringe Dicke.In particular, the design of the support as a braid or lattice-like structure would have the advantage that it can be arranged together with the electrically conductive coating, for example in the thin-bed mortar under tiles, the structure of this type providing adequate wetting of the tiles with the thin-bed mortar - due to the lattice-like Structure through - made possible. In addition, such a configuration is always advantageous when the heating conductor must have a breathable or air-permeable property. This will be referred to later in connection with the different applications. The use of a fly screen as a carrier material would have the great advantage that an inexpensive mass product can be used as a carrier material. In addition, mosquito nets can be assembled as desired and are extremely thin.
Der Einsatz textilen Gewebes als Trägermaterial bringt nahezu unbegrenzte Verwendungsmöglichkeiten, da sich das textile Gewebe auch nach der Beschichtung mit einem elektrische leitenden Material hinreichend gut verformen und entsprechend anpassen iässt.The use of textile fabric as a carrier material brings almost unlimited uses, since the textile fabric can be deformed sufficiently even after coating with an electrically conductive material and can be adapted accordingly.
Hinsichtlich der erforderlichen elektrischen Anschlüsse ist eine hinreichend gute Kontaktierung mit dem elektrisch leitenden Material, d.h. mit der Beschichtung, erforderlich. Dabei könnten die elektrischen Anschlüsse parallel an den Träger angelegt und elektrisch leitend mit der Beschichtung verbunden sein. Als elektrische Anschlüsse kommen elektrisch leitende Drähte, Streifen oder Bahnen in Frage, wobei diese in ganz bevorzugter Weise aus Kupfer hergestellt sind.With regard to the required electrical connections, a sufficiently good contact with the electrically conductive material, i.e. with the coating, required. The electrical connections could be placed in parallel on the carrier and electrically connected to the coating. Electrically conductive wires, strips or tracks are possible as electrical connections, these being made of copper in a very preferred manner.
Im Falle einer Verwendung von Gewebe oder Gitterstrukturen als Trägermaterial könnten die elektrischen Anschlüsse - als Drähte - in das Gewebe bzw. in das Gitter eingeschoben oder eingewoben sein. Dadurch ergibt sich eine mechanische Kopplung mit dem Gitter.If tissue or lattice structures are used as carrier material, the electrical connections - as wires - could be inserted or woven into the tissue or into the lattice. This results in a mechanical coupling with the grid.
Zur Ausnutzung der gesamten Struktur bzw. Fläche des Trägers ist es von Vorteil, wenn die elektrischen Anschlüsse vorzugsweise parallel zueinander verlaufend mit möglichst großem Abstand zueinander in bzw. an dem Träger angeordnet sind. Diese Anordnung kann zumindest teilweise durch mechanisches Verbinden erreicht werden. Von ganz besonderem Vorteil ist es jedoch, wenn die elektrischen Anschlüsse vermittels der Beschichtung in die Struktur des Heizleiters eingebunden sind, so dass die Befestigung und Kontaktierung der Anschlüsse mit dem Aufbringen der elektrisch leitenden Beschichtung erfolgt.To utilize the entire structure or surface of the carrier, it is advantageous if the electrical connections are preferably arranged parallel to one another with the greatest possible distance from one another in or on the carrier. This arrangement can be achieved at least in part by mechanical connection. However, it is particularly advantageous if the electrical connections are integrated into the structure of the heating conductor by means of the coating, so that the connections are fastened and contacted when the electrically conductive coating is applied.
Hinsichtlich des die Beschichtung bildenden Materials ist es von ganz besonde- rem Vorteil, wenn die Beschichtung aus einem elektrische leitenden Kunststoff besteht. Dieser Kunststoff könnte elektrisch leitende Additive wie Graphit, Ruß, Metallpartikel oder dergleichen enthalten. Als Kunststoff kommt jedwedes streichbare, sprühbare, tränkbare oder sonstwie flüssig zu verarbeitende Material in Frage, welches entsprechend auf den Träger aufgebracht wird. Insbesondere bei textiler oder gitterstrukturartiger Ausgestaltung des Trägers lässt sich dieser idealerweise mit flüssigem Kunststoff tränken, wobei die elektrischen Anschlüsse an entsprechenden Stellen vorzufixieren sind. Jedwedes entsprechend zu verarbeitende Kunststoffmaterial mit elektrischer Leitfähigkeit kommt hier in Frage. Im Hinblick auf das konkrete Material sei lediglich beispielhaft auf die eingetragenen Unterlagen des deutschen Gebrauchsmusters 201 08442.2 IM verwiesen.With regard to the material forming the coating, it is particularly Rem advantage if the coating consists of an electrically conductive plastic. This plastic could contain electrically conductive additives such as graphite, carbon black, metal particles or the like. Any brushable, sprayable, impregnable or liquid-like material that can be applied to the carrier is suitable as the plastic. Particularly in the case of a textile or lattice structure-like configuration of the carrier, it can ideally be impregnated with liquid plastic, the electrical connections having to be pre-fixed at appropriate points. Any plastic material with electrical conductivity that is to be processed is suitable here. With regard to the specific material, reference should only be made to the registered documents of the German utility model 201 08442.2 IM.
Ein Heizleiter gemäß den voranstehenden Ausführungen lässt sich zu beliebigen Zwecken verwenden. So bietet sich insbesondere die Verwendung als Heizleiter für eine Wandheizung an, insbesondere zur Anbringung unter Wandfliesen, Wandplatten oder dergleichen. Insbesondere bei gitterartigem Trägermaterial und entsprechender Kunststoffbeschichtung lässt sich der Heizleiter flächig in den Dünnbettmörtel einbringen, ohne dabei die Klebeeigenschaft des Dünnbettmörtels zwischen Wand und Fliese bzw. Platte zu beeinträchtigen.A heating conductor according to the above explanations can be used for any purpose. For example, it can be used as a heating conductor for wall heating, in particular for attachment under wall tiles, wall panels or the like. Especially with grid-like carrier material and a corresponding plastic coating, the heating conductor can be introduced into the thin-bed mortar without affecting the adhesive properties of the thin-bed mortar between the wall and the tile or plate.
Entsprechend lässt sich der Heizleiter für eine Fußbodenheizung, insbesondere zur Anbringung unter Fußbodenfliesen, Fußbodenplatten oder dergleichen, verwenden. Auch hier ergeben sich die gleichen Vorteile bei entsprechender Struktur des Heizleiters.Correspondingly, the heating conductor can be used for underfloor heating, in particular for attachment under floor tiles, floor panels or the like. Here, too, there are the same advantages with a corresponding structure of the heating conductor.
In besonders raffinierter Weise lassen sich mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Heizleiter Objektheizkörper realisieren, insbesondere in Form von Bildern, Plastiken oder dergleichen, wobei der Heizleiter in das Objekt eingebracht oder hinter dem Objekt unmittelbar an diesem befestigt ist. So lässt sich beispielsweise eine bemalte Glasplatte von der Rückseite her beheizen, so dass diese gleichzeitig als Objektheizkörper dient.Object heating elements can be realized in a particularly sophisticated manner with the heating conductor according to the invention, in particular in the form of pictures, plastics or the like, the heating conductor being inserted into the object or being attached directly to the object behind the object. For example, a painted glass plate can be heated from the back, so that it also serves as an object radiator.
In ganz besonders vorteilhafter Weise, insbesondere bei elastischer Ausgestal- tung des Trägermaterials, lässt sich der Heizleiter zur Realisierung einer Sitzheizung verwenden, insbesondere für eine Sitzheizung in einem Kraftfahrzeugsitz. Dabei wird der Heizleiter auf oder in das Polster des zu beheizenden Sitzes auf- /eingebracht, so dass der Sitz bzw. die Rückenlehne des Kraftfahrzeugsitzes in idealer Weise beheizbar ist. Ein atmungsaktives Verhalten ist bei entsprechender Struktur des Trägermaterials gewährleistet.In a very particularly advantageous manner, especially in the case of an elastic design. tion of the carrier material, the heat conductor can be used to implement a seat heater, in particular for a seat heater in a motor vehicle seat. The heat conductor is placed on or in the upholstery of the seat to be heated, so that the seat or the backrest of the motor vehicle seat can be heated in an ideal manner. Breathable behavior is guaranteed with the appropriate structure of the carrier material.
Grundsätzlich ist es auch denkbar, den Heizleiter in oder unter die Innensohle eines Schuhs einzubringen und damit eine Schuhheizung zu realisieren. Dies ist insbesondere bei Schuhen von großem Vorteil, wobei die Energieversorgung in den Schuh integriert sein kann. Eine separate Batteriepackung oder ein Akku könnte der Benutzer mit sich führen.In principle, it is also conceivable to insert the heating conductor in or under the insole of a shoe and thus to implement shoe heating. This is of great advantage particularly in the case of shoes, and the energy supply can be integrated into the shoe. The user could carry a separate battery pack or a rechargeable battery with him.
Bei entsprechend elastischer Ausgestaltung des Heizleiters und unter Zugrundelegung einer beliebigen Konfektionierbarkeit, so beispielsweise bei Verwendung einer fliegengitterähnlichen Struktur oder bei Verwendung eines textilen Gewebes als Trägermaterial, könnte der Heizleiter zum Beheizen von jedwedem Gewebe bzw. textilen Materialien verwendet werden, indem nämlich der Heizleiter in das Gewebe bzw. Material, vorzugsweise zwischen zwei Schichten des Gewebes bzw. Materials, eingebracht wird. So könnte es sich bei dem Gewebe bzw. Material um eine Decke, ein Bettbezug, ein Spannbetttuch, um Kleider oder dergleichen handeln. Im Konkreten ließen sich auf diese Art und Weise Hosen, Jacken, Mäntel oder dergleichen beheizen, wobei die Einbringung des Heizleiters in entsprechende Kleidungsstücke auch reversibel gestaltet sein kann.With a correspondingly elastic design of the heating conductor and on the basis of any configuration, for example when using a fly screen-like structure or when using a textile fabric as a carrier material, the heating conductor could be used to heat any tissue or textile materials, namely by inserting the heating conductor into the Tissue or material, preferably between two layers of the tissue or material, is introduced. The fabric or material could be a blanket, a duvet cover, a fitted sheet, clothes or the like. Specifically, pants, jackets, coats or the like could be heated in this way, and the introduction of the heating conductor into corresponding items of clothing can also be designed to be reversible.
Schließlich ist es auch denkbar, entsprechend konfektionierte Heizleiter in oder auf das Innenfutter eines Handschuhs zur Realisierung einer Handschuhheizung zu verbringen. Auch hier spielt die Materialauswahl, insbesondere die Elastizität des Trägermaterials sowie die Atmungsaktivität des Heizleiters insgesamt, eine ganz besondere Rolle.Finally, it is also conceivable to place appropriately assembled heating conductors in or on the inner lining of a glove to implement glove heating. Here too, the choice of material, in particular the elasticity of the carrier material and the breathability of the heating conductor as a whole, play a very special role.
Es gibt nun verschiedene Möglichkeiten, die Lehre der vorliegenden Erfindung auszugestalten und weiterzubilden. Dazu ist einerseits auf die dem Patentan- spruch 1 nachgeordneten Patentansprüche und andererseits auf die nachfolgende Erläuterung eines Ausführungsbeispiels der Erfindung anhand der Zeichnung zu verweisen. In Verbindung mit der Erläuterung des bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiels der Erfindung anhand der Zeichnung werden auch im allgemeinen bevorzugte Ausgestaltungen und Weiterbildungen der Lehre erläutert. In der Zeichnung zeigtThere are now various possibilities for designing and developing the teaching of the present invention. On the one hand, the claim 1 subordinate claims and on the other hand to refer to the following explanation of an embodiment of the invention with reference to the drawing. In connection with the explanation of the preferred exemplary embodiment of the invention with reference to the drawing, generally preferred configurations and developments of the teaching are also explained. In the drawing shows
die einzige Figur in einer schematischen Ansicht, der Einfachheit halber mit durchgezogenen Linien, ein Ausführungsbeispiel eines elektrischen Heizleiters mit Gitterstruktur.the only figure in a schematic view, for the sake of simplicity with solid lines, an embodiment of an electrical heating conductor with a lattice structure.
Die einzige Figur zeigt ein Ausführungsbeispiel eines erfindungsgemäßen Heizleiters für eine elektrische Widerstandsheizung, wobei es sich dabei im Konkreten um eine elektrische Flächenheizung handelt, wie sie beispielsweise unter den Fußbodenfliesen im Badezimmer Verwendung finden kann. Grundsätzlich ist der Heizleiter mit beliebigen Spannungen betreibbar, wobei sich die Versorgung mit Niederspannung aus Sicherheitsgründen eignet.The single figure shows an exemplary embodiment of a heating conductor according to the invention for an electrical resistance heater, this specifically being an electrical surface heater, as can be used, for example, under the floor tiles in the bathroom. Basically, the heating conductor can be operated with any voltage, whereby the supply with low voltage is suitable for safety reasons.
Die Figur zeigt schematisch, dass der Heizleiter einen elektrisch nicht leitenden Träger 1 und eine elektrisch leitende Beschichtung 2 des Trägers 1 umfasst. Des Weiteren sind zwei elektrische Anschlüsse 3 vorgesehen, die in die elektrisch leitende Beschichtung 2 eingebettet bzw. eingegossen sind.The figure shows schematically that the heat conductor comprises an electrically non-conductive carrier 1 and an electrically conductive coating 2 of the carrier 1. Furthermore, two electrical connections 3 are provided, which are embedded or cast in the electrically conductive coating 2.
Bei dem in der einzigen Figur gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiel handelt es sich im Konkreten um einen Träger 1 mit gitterartiger Struktur 4. Als Heizleiter wirkt die elektrisch leitende Beschichtung 2 zwischen den parallel zueinander angeordneten elektrischen Anschlüssen 3. Zwischen der gitterartigen Struktur 4 sind Freiräume (5), durch die beim Plattenlegen beispielsweise der Dünnbettmörtel oder Kleber hindurchdringen kann. Insoweit eignet sich der Heizleiter ganz besonders für eine Verlegung im Dünnbettmörtel oder Klebstoff zum Verlegen von Fliesen. Schließlich sei angemerkt, dass bei dem hier gewählte Ausführungsbeispiel der elektrisch nicht leitende Träger 1 aus einem fasrigen Material oder Kunststoff hergestellt ist. Bei der elektrisch leitenden Beschichtung 2 handelt es sich um einen besonderen Kunststoff, der aufgrund seiner Additive elektrisch leitend ist.The embodiment shown in the single figure is specifically a carrier 1 with a lattice-like structure 4. The electrically conductive coating 2 acts as a heat conductor between the electrical connections 3 arranged parallel to one another. Between the lattice-like structure 4 there are free spaces (5), through which, for example, thin-bed mortar or adhesive can penetrate when laying slabs. In this respect, the heating conductor is particularly suitable for laying in thin-bed mortar or adhesive for laying tiles. Finally, it should be noted that in the exemplary embodiment selected here, the electrically non-conductive carrier 1 is made of a fibrous material or plastic. The electrically conductive coating 2 is a special plastic that is electrically conductive due to its additives.
Schließlich sei angemerkt, dass das voranstehend erörterte Ausführungsbeispiel zur Erläuterung der beanspruchten Lehre dient, diese jedoch nicht auf das Ausführungsbeispiel einschränkt. Finally, it should be noted that the exemplary embodiment discussed above serves to explain the claimed teaching, but does not restrict it to the exemplary embodiment.

Claims

P a t e n t a n s p r ü c h e Patent claims
1. Heizleiter für eine elektrische Widerstandsheizung, insbesondere für eine elektrische Flächenheizung, wobei die Heizung vorzugsweise mit Niederspannung betreibbar ist, mit einem elektrisch nicht leitenden Träger (1) und einer e- lektrisch leitenden Beschichtung (2) des Trägers (1), wobei die Beschichtung (2) elektrische Anschlüsse (3) kontaktiert.1. heating conductor for an electrical resistance heating, in particular for an electrical surface heating, the heating being preferably operable with low voltage, with an electrically non-conductive carrier (1) and an electrically conductive coating (2) of the carrier (1), the Coating (2) contacted electrical connections (3).
2. Heizleiter nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Träger (1) flächig ausgebildet ist.2. Heating conductor according to claim 1, characterized in that the carrier (1) is flat.
3. Heizleiter nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Träger (1) als Platte ausgeführt ist.3. Heating conductor according to claim 2, characterized in that the carrier (1) is designed as a plate.
4. Heizleiter nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Träger (1) biegsam und/oder verformbar ausgeführt ist.4. Heating conductor according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the carrier (1) is flexible and / or deformable.
5. Heizleiter nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Träger (1) eine Folie ist.5. heating conductor according to claim 4, characterized in that the carrier (1) is a film.
6. Heizleiter nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Träger (1) ein Gewebe ist.6. heating conductor according to claim 4, characterized in that the carrier (1) is a fabric.
7. Heizleiter nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Träger (1) ein vorzugsweise textiles Gewebe ist.7. heating conductor according to claim 4, characterized in that the carrier (1) is a preferably textile fabric.
8. Heizleiter nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Träger (1) ein Geflecht ist.8. heating conductor according to claim 4, characterized in that the carrier (1) is a braid.
9. Heizleiter nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Träger (1) eine gitterartige Struktur (4) hat. 9. heating conductor according to claim 4, characterized in that the carrier (1) has a grid-like structure (4).
10. Heizleiter nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Träger (1) im Sinne eines Fliegengitters ausgeführt ist.10. heating conductor according to claim 9, characterized in that the carrier (1) is designed in the sense of a fly screen.
11. Heizleiter nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die elektrischen Anschlüsse (3) parallel an den Träger (1 ) angelegt und e- lektrisch leitend mit der Beschichtung (2) verbunden sind.11. Heating conductor according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the electrical connections (3) are applied in parallel to the carrier (1) and are electrically conductively connected to the coating (2).
12. Heizleiter nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 11 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die elektrischen Anschlüsse (3) als elektrisch leitende Drähte, Streifen oder Bahnen ausgeführt sind.12. Heating conductor according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the electrical connections (3) are designed as electrically conductive wires, strips or tracks.
13. Heizleiter nach Anspruch 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die elektrischen Anschlüsse (3) aus Kupfer hergestellt sind.13. Heating conductor according to claim 12, characterized in that the electrical connections (3) are made of copper.
14. Heizleiter nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die elektrischen Anschlüsse (3) als Drähte in das Gewebe eingeschoben oder eingewoben sind.14. Heat conductor according to one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that the electrical connections (3) are inserted or woven into the fabric as wires.
15. Heizleiter nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 14, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die elektrischen Anschlüsse (3) vorzugsweise parallel zueinander verlaufend und mit möglichst großem Abstand zueinander in bzw. an dem Träger (1) angeordnet sind.15. Heating conductor according to one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that the electrical connections (3) are preferably arranged parallel to one another and with the greatest possible distance from one another in or on the carrier (1).
16. Heizleiter nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 15, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die elektrischen Anschlüsse (3) vermittels der Beschichtung (2) in die Struktur des Heizleiters eingebunden sind.16. Heating conductor according to one of claims 1 to 15, characterized in that the electrical connections (3) by means of the coating (2) are integrated into the structure of the heating conductor.
17. Heizleiter nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 16, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Beschichtung (2) aus elektrisch leitendem Kunststoff hergestellt ist.17. Heating conductor according to one of claims 1 to 16, characterized in that the coating (2) is made of electrically conductive plastic.
18. Heizleiter nach Anspruch 17, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Kunststoff elektrisch leitende Additive wie Graphit, Ruß, Metallpartikel, etc. enthält. 18. Heating conductor according to claim 17, characterized in that the plastic contains electrically conductive additives such as graphite, carbon black, metal particles, etc.
19. Heizleiter nach Anspruch 17 oder 18, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Kunststoff durch Streichen, Besprühen, Tränken oder dgl. flüssig auf den Träger (1) aufbringbar ist.19. Heating conductor according to claim 17 or 18, characterized in that the plastic can be applied to the carrier (1) in liquid form by brushing, spraying, soaking or the like.
20. Verwendung eines Heizleiters nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 19 für eine Wandheizung, insbesondere zur Anbringung unter Wandfliesen, Wandplatten oder dgl..20. Use of a heating conductor according to one of claims 1 to 19 for a wall heater, in particular for attachment under wall tiles, wall panels or the like ..
21. Verwendung eines Heizleiters nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 19 für eine Fußbodenheizung, insbesondere zur Anbringung unter Fußbodenfliesen, Fußbodenplatten oder dgl..21. Use of a heating conductor according to one of claims 1 to 19 for underfloor heating, in particular for attachment under floor tiles, floor panels or the like.
22. Verwendung eines Heizleiters nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 19 für flache Objektheizkörper, insbesondere in Form von Bildern, Plastiken, etc., wobei der Heizleiter in das Objekt eingebracht oder hinter dem Objekt unmittelbar an diesem befestigt ist.22. Use of a heating conductor according to one of claims 1 to 19 for flat object radiators, in particular in the form of pictures, plastics, etc., wherein the heating conductor is inserted into the object or attached directly to the object behind it.
23. Verwendung eines Heizleiters nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 19 für eine Sitzheizung, insbesondere in einem Kraftfahrzeug, zur Einbringung auf oder in das Polster des zu beheizenden Sitzes.23. Use of a heating conductor according to one of claims 1 to 19 for a seat heater, in particular in a motor vehicle, for insertion on or in the cushion of the seat to be heated.
24. Verwendung eines Heizleiters nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 19 für eine Schuhheizung zur Einbringung in oder unter die Innensohle des Schuhs.24. Use of a heating conductor according to one of claims 1 to 19 for a shoe heater for introduction into or under the insole of the shoe.
25. Verwendung eines Heizleiters nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 19 zum Beheizen von Gewebe bzw. textilen Materialien, wobei der Heizleiter in das Gewebe bzw. Material eingebracht ist.25. Use of a heating conductor according to one of claims 1 to 19 for heating tissue or textile materials, the heating conductor being introduced into the tissue or material.
26. Verwendung eines Heizleiters nach Anspruch 25, wobei es sich bei dem Gewebe bzw. Material um eine Decke, einen Bettbezug, ein Spannbetttuch, um Kleider oder dgl. handelt. 26. Use of a heating conductor according to claim 25, wherein the fabric or material is a blanket, a duvet cover, a fitted sheet, clothes or the like.
27. Verwendung eines Heizleiters nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 19 für eine Handschuhheizung, zur Einbringung in oder unter das Innenfutter eines Handschuhs. 27. Use of a heating conductor according to one of claims 1 to 19 for a glove heater, for introduction into or under the inner lining of a glove.
EP03720204A 2002-03-18 2003-03-18 Heating conductor and use thereof Withdrawn EP1547442A2 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10211721 2002-03-18
DE10211721A DE10211721B4 (en) 2002-03-18 2002-03-18 Heating conductor and use of the heating conductor
PCT/DE2003/000885 WO2003079727A2 (en) 2002-03-18 2003-03-18 Heating conductor and use thereof

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AU (1) AU2003223878A1 (en)
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DE10211721B4 (en) 2004-07-22
DE10211721A1 (en) 2003-10-09
WO2003079727A2 (en) 2003-09-25

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