EP1546017B1 - Spillhaspel - Google Patents
Spillhaspel Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1546017B1 EP1546017B1 EP03775495A EP03775495A EP1546017B1 EP 1546017 B1 EP1546017 B1 EP 1546017B1 EP 03775495 A EP03775495 A EP 03775495A EP 03775495 A EP03775495 A EP 03775495A EP 1546017 B1 EP1546017 B1 EP 1546017B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- rings
- drums
- peripheral
- cable
- winch
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920002994 synthetic fiber Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003643 water by type Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012858 resilient material Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000013013 elastic material Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 4
- 241001417494 Sciaenidae Species 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000002028 premature Effects 0.000 description 3
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001186 cumulative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013536 elastomeric material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66D—CAPSTANS; WINCHES; TACKLES, e.g. PULLEY BLOCKS; HOISTS
- B66D1/00—Rope, cable, or chain winding mechanisms; Capstans
- B66D1/60—Rope, cable, or chain winding mechanisms; Capstans adapted for special purposes
- B66D1/74—Capstans
- B66D1/7405—Capstans having two or more drums providing tractive force
Definitions
- the invention relates to a winch type called capstan, including two drums.
- the invention also relates to the application of such a winch to the so-called "Off-shore” type technologies, generally to petroleum research or similar industries, oceanography and dredging at great depths, etc.
- Capstan winches simple drum or double drum, have existed for a long time, but have the disadvantage of causing very quickly wear of the driven cable. This is due to the very principle of operation. Indeed the cable is driven by adhesion. As the tension on the cable increases, the cable lengthens and its linear speed increases accordingly. The drive grooves which are provided with the drums of the winch being completely rigid, this results in a relative sliding between the cable and the grooves, resulting in significant wear, and cable, and grooves.
- winches There are also many types of winches. Known including drum winches (s) mentioned above, capstan, or type called “winch traction” according to the English terminology, and multiple pulleys.
- the pulley for transmitting a pulling force to a cable.
- the pulley comprises a wheel and an endless belt wound on the peripheral surface of the wheel to support the cable to be driven.
- the endless belt is constituted by a succession of spaced pads that can slide with friction on the wheel, each pad being connected to the next by an elastically extensible connecting element, whose longitudinal elastic modulus and / or the dimensions are chosen such so that, in use, the elongation of the endless belt corresponds to that of the cable under a determined maximum voltage.
- winches capable of driving very heavy loads, typically equal to or greater than 200 T (about 1960 kN), in very deep waters (2000 m to 3000 m, or even 10000 m for some applications).
- T about 1960 kN
- winches of this type would deteriorate too quickly.
- cables have a complex structure. Indeed, with the conventional function of traction or load retention, it is sometimes devolved to cables ancillary functions: energy transport, for example electrical (so-called electro-carrying cables), or transmission of analog or data signals digital, for example via internal optical fibers (so-called opto-carrier cables). It is understood that this type of cable is particularly expensive and that premature wear is not economically acceptable.
- energy transport for example electrical (so-called electro-carrying cables), or transmission of analog or data signals digital, for example via internal optical fibers (so-called opto-carrier cables). It is understood that this type of cable is particularly expensive and that premature wear is not economically acceptable.
- the invention aims to overcome the disadvantages of devices of the prior art, some of which have just been recalled, while meeting the needs that are felt, in particular according to claim 1.
- the object of the invention is to provide a winch which makes it possible, in particular, to lift large loads by means of a cable, while substantially eliminating the slippage due to the elongation of the cable driving said loads, which makes it possible to avoid premature wear.
- the winch according to the invention implements the technique, known per se, the drive type said two-drum capstan. It is a safe technique, and recognized as such, which allows to enjoy its benefits.
- the aforementioned rings are provided with peripherally machined grooves in which the cable to drive.
- the material constituting the rings must have physico-chemical characteristics that allow it to withstand the loads and pressures exerted for a given application, as well as to deform to lengthen the same value as the cable under the same conditions.
- the friction characteristics must be such that they can safely drive the cable through the drum. No relative movement between the cable and the ring grooves therefore exists. By cons, the body of the ring must be able to slide on the drum (very low relative movement due to elongation).
- the rings are advantageously offset axially by a fraction of a step, advantageously by a half step, the step being defined by the distance separating the bottom of the grooves from two adjacent rings of the same drum.
- the axes of the two drums may not be parallel, to further limit friction.
- the axes form between them an angle of small amplitude, typically between 0.5 ° and 3 °.
- the number of drums is two, it is possible to design winches with a larger number of drums, without departing from the scope of the invention.
- the invention therefore has for its main object a winch of the capstan type, comprising at least two drums arranged facing each other, causing a load via a cable wound on said drums in a predetermined number of turns, characterized in that each of said drums comprises a peripheral wall and is provided with a predetermined number of peripheral rings of elastic material, independent of each other, threaded around said peripheral wall, in that said peripheral rings are provided, each , a peripheral groove for receiving said cable, and in that the elastic material constituting said peripheral rings is provided with physico-chemical characteristics such that it allows both a drive of said cable and a relative slip between a lower wall of said peripheral rings in contact with said peripheral wall of the drums and this wall, said slide relative sation being of amplitude substantially equal to longitudinal deformations undergone by said cable, when it is subjected to voltages of variable amplitudes.
- the invention also relates to the application of such a winch to oil or similar research in deep water, for the descent and / or the rise of significant loads.
- the figure 1 schematically illustrates the winch 1, in high view and in partial section.
- This winch 1 comprises two subassemblies each essentially comprising a driving motor, 6 and 7, respectively, and a driving drum of a cable C, 2 and 3, respectively.
- the drums, 2 and 3 are provided with central rotary shafts, 20 and 30, respectively, about axes of rotation ⁇ 1 and ⁇ 2 .
- the shafts 20 and 30 are hollow and concentric with driving shafts 60 and 70 driven by the respective motors 6 and 7.
- the drums, 2 and 3 comprise a cylindrical peripheral wall, 22 and 32, respectively, supported by at least two central radial pieces (two per drums in the example described), 24 and 34, respectively.
- Pairs of side rings, 21a-21b and 31a-31b, are arranged on either side of the peripheral walls, 22 and 32.
- peripheral walls, 22 and 32 form with the pair of side rings associated therewith, 21a-21b and 31a-31b, respectively, a groove which will be referred to hereinafter as "throat of a drum ".
- a series of independent peripheral rings, 40-45 and 50-55 are threaded onto the peripheral walls 22 and 32 in the aforementioned drum grooves, respectively.
- These rings are made of elastic material, for example a synthetic material.
- peripheral rings 43 to 45 are substantially planar so as to be in intimate contact with the peripheral walls 22 and 32 (FIG. figure 1 ), drums, 2 and 3.
- Peripheral rings, 40-45 and 50-55 ( figure 1 ), are provided with machined grooves also at the periphery, two of which are visible on the figure 2 : 4 40 and 450, for the respective rings 44 and 45.
- These grooves, 440 and 450 preferably having the shape of a "V" rounded at its bottom, are intended to receive the drive cable C.
- the dimensions are naturally adapted for receiving a type of cable or a range of separate cables.
- peripheral rings, 40-45 and 50-55 are easy. It is only necessary that the pairs of side rings, 21a-21b and 31a-31b, (at least one of the rings of each pair) are removable, that is to say, removable. It is then enough to thread the peripheral rings, 40-45 and 50-55, on the drums, 2 and 3, around the cylindrical walls, 22 and 32, and to reassemble the lateral rings, 21a-21b and 31a-31b .
- the side rings, 21a-21b and 31a-31b may be secured to the side walls by any suitable means: screws, etc.
- the number of rings, 40-45 and 50-55 can be any, it depends only on the number of turns (turns) desired for the cable C around the drums, 2 and 3. It is this number of turns which will constitute the determining factor of the force reduction obtained, in accordance with the well-known operating principle of a capstan.
- a number of peripheral rings of between five and seven or more.
- the figure 3 schematically illustrates the operation of a winch 1 according to the embodiment illustrated by the figures 1 and 2 .
- the cable C is wound in the grooves (440 and 450, figure 2 ) peripheral rings, 40-45 and 50-55, so as to form several loops or turns around the drums, 2 and 3.
- the output voltage force F can be, for example, 9 T (88 kN approximately) for an input voltage F 'at the input of 3 kN.
- the cable C is wound up / unwound on or from a storage device (not shown).
- This member may be chosen from those commonly used in the state of the art and it is unnecessary to describe it further.
- the material constituting the peripheral rings, 40-45 and 50-55 must be able, at the same time, as was recalled in the preamble of the present description, to support the loads and pressures exerted, deform to lie along with the cable C. In addition, it must have friction characteristics that allow to drive the cable C safely, friction (adhesion).
- rings 40-45 and 50-55, a synthetic material of polyurethane type, polyethylene or similar.
- peripheral walls, 22 and 32, drums, 2 and 3 can be made, in particular, stainless steel or ceramic coated steel, which will ensure the aforementioned adhesion.
- the cable C may be of any type as it has been recalled in the preamble of the present description: steel cable, synthetic material, cable said electro-carrier or opto-carrier, etc., even expensive type. Indeed, premature wear is no longer to be feared.
- an axial shift equal to half a step is preferably chosen, ie p / 2, as illustrated more particularly by the figure 1 .
- This arrangement allows a greater limitation of friction.
- the axes of rotation may not be parallel to each other.
- the figure 4 illustrates, in side view, an exemplary practical embodiment of a winch according to the invention, more specifically a winch according to a second preferred embodiment.
- the axes of rotation, here referenced ⁇ ' 1 and ⁇ ' 2 , associated with the drums, here referenced 2 'and 3', form between them an angle of small amplitude ⁇ .
- the drums, 2 'and 3' are driven by motors, here referenced, 6 'and 7', respectively, via conventional angular gear and gears, referenced globally, 60 'and 70', respectively.
- the angle ⁇ is typically between 0.5 ° and 3 °.
- the angle ⁇ is calculated from the above-mentioned step p (see figures 1 and 2 ) of the winding diameter of the cable C.
- the angle ⁇ is 2.32 °.
- This arrangement also allows greater limitation of friction.
- the winch according to the invention has many advantages, which have been previously listed.
- peripheral rings The parts specific to the invention, essentially the peripheral rings, are simple to produce and to machine, and do not require the use of particularly expensive materials. They are also easily interchangeable, which allows to change the cable used, without major modifications of the winch.
- the invention is also not limited, as has been indicated, to petroleum research alone or, more generally, to so-called "off-shore” applications at great depth, even if it finds a particularly interesting application in these areas.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Transmission Devices (AREA)
- Pulleys (AREA)
- Geophysics And Detection Of Objects (AREA)
- Ropes Or Cables (AREA)
- Hydraulic Turbines (AREA)
- Devices For Conveying Motion By Means Of Endless Flexible Members (AREA)
- Replacement Of Web Rolls (AREA)
- Harvester Elements (AREA)
- Image-Pickup Tubes, Image-Amplification Tubes, And Storage Tubes (AREA)
- Jib Cranes (AREA)
Claims (9)
- Spillhaspel mit mindestens zwei einander gegenüber angeordneten Trommeln, die eine Last mittels eines Kabels mitnehmen, das auf den Trommeln in einer bestimmten Anzahl von Windungen aufgerollt ist, und wobei jede dieser Trommeln (2, 3) eine Umfangswand (22, 32) aufweist und mit einer festgelegten Anzahl von Umfangsringen (40-45, 50-55) versehen ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass alle diese Ringe aus elastischem Material bestehen, voneinander unabhängig sind und um die Umfangswand (23, 32) aufgereiht sind, dass die Umfangsringe (40-45, 50-55) jeder mit einer Umfangsauskehlung (440, 450) versehen ist, die für die Aufnahme des Kabels (C) bestimmt ist, und dass das die Umfangsringe (40-45, 50-55) bildende elastische Material derart mit physikalischchemischen Merkmalen ausgestattet ist, dass es zugleich eine Mitnahme des Kabels (C) und ein relatives Gleiten zwischen einer Innenwand (441, 451) der Umfangsringe (40-45, 50-55) in Kontakt mit der Umfangswand (22, 32) der Trommeln (2, 3) und dieser Wand (441, 451) gestattet, wobei das relative Gleiten eine Amplitude hat, die im Wesentlichen gleich den von dem Kabel (C) erfahrenen Verformungen ist, wenn es variablen Spannungsamplituden unterworfen ist.
- Haspel nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass jede der Trommeln (2, 3) mit einem Paar von Seitenringen (21a-21b, 31a-31b) versehen ist, und dass mindestens einer der Seitenringe (21 a-21 b, 31 a-31 b) jedes Paares derart abnehmbar ist, dass das Positionieren der Umfangsringe (40-45, 50-55) um die Umfangswand (22, 32) der Trommeln (2, 3) oder ihr Zurückziehen gestattet wird.
- Haspel nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Umfangsringe (40-45, 50-55) aus einem synthetischen Material realisiert sind.
- Haspel nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Umfangswände (22, 32) der Trommeln (2, 3) aus nicht-oxidierbarem Stahl oder aus mit Keramik ummanteltem Stahl realisiert sind.
- Haspel nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Abstand (p) zwischen den Auskehlungen (440, 450) zwei benachbarter Ringe (44, 45) einer selben Trommel (2, 3) eine Ganghöhe des Wertes p definiert, dass jede der Trommeln (2, 3) um eine Drehachse (Δ1, Δ2) dreht, und dass die Trommeln (2, 3) axial zueinander um einen Bruchteil (p/2) der Ganghöhe (d) verschoben sind.
- Haspel nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Bruchteil gleich einer halben Ganghöhe (p/2) ist.
- Haspel nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass jede Trommel (2, 3) um eine Drehachse (Δ'1, Δ'2) dreht und dass die Drehachsen (Δ'1, Δ'2) miteinander einen Winkel (α) ungleich null bilden.
- Haspel nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Winkel (α) zwischen 0,5 ° und 3 ° beträgt.
- Anwendung einer Haspel (C) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche zur Erdölsuche in tiefem Gewässer.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR0210649A FR2843953B1 (fr) | 2002-08-28 | 2002-08-28 | Treuil du type a cabestan |
| FR0210649 | 2002-08-28 | ||
| PCT/FR2003/050040 WO2004020323A1 (fr) | 2002-08-28 | 2003-08-26 | Treuil du type dit a cabestan |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1546017A1 EP1546017A1 (de) | 2005-06-29 |
| EP1546017B1 true EP1546017B1 (de) | 2010-09-15 |
Family
ID=31502940
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP03775495A Expired - Lifetime EP1546017B1 (de) | 2002-08-28 | 2003-08-26 | Spillhaspel |
Country Status (8)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US7175163B2 (de) |
| EP (1) | EP1546017B1 (de) |
| AT (1) | ATE481351T1 (de) |
| AU (1) | AU2003283521A1 (de) |
| CA (1) | CA2496944C (de) |
| DE (1) | DE60334228D1 (de) |
| FR (1) | FR2843953B1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2004020323A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (20)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7766307B2 (en) * | 2007-03-16 | 2010-08-03 | Mactaggart, Scott (Holdings) Limited | Cable handling device |
| US7717402B2 (en) * | 2007-06-07 | 2010-05-18 | Mann Samuel J | Line handling winch for sailing yachts |
| FR2919280B1 (fr) * | 2007-07-24 | 2010-02-19 | Soc Et De Rech Et Dev D Automa | Treuil pour la traction de cables, en particulier de cables synthetiques employes en offshore. |
| BRPI0721949A2 (pt) * | 2007-08-24 | 2014-03-18 | Itrec Bv | Guincho de tração para um cabo ou similar |
| US8474795B2 (en) | 2008-09-16 | 2013-07-02 | Tt Technologies, Inc. | Pulling device and method therefor |
| US8613426B1 (en) * | 2009-12-14 | 2013-12-24 | L.E. Myers Co. | Power line puller control package |
| US8342484B2 (en) * | 2010-02-16 | 2013-01-01 | Robert Matos | Anchor windlass for boats |
| GB201005200D0 (en) * | 2010-03-27 | 2010-05-12 | Parkburn Prec Handling Systems | Winch apparatus |
| DE102010026968B4 (de) * | 2010-07-13 | 2014-02-13 | Liebherr-Components Biberach Gmbh | Winde sowie Baumaschine oder Hebegerät |
| US20120186506A1 (en) * | 2011-01-25 | 2012-07-26 | Ottar Antonsen | System for handling conventional and synthetic moorings lines, cables and the like aboard a vessel |
| EP2765112A1 (de) | 2013-02-07 | 2014-08-13 | Aker Pusnes AS | Zugwinde |
| GB201306974D0 (en) * | 2013-04-17 | 2013-05-29 | Parkburn Prec Handling Systems Ltd | Load Bearing Apparatus and Method |
| US10557540B2 (en) * | 2014-04-14 | 2020-02-11 | National Oilwell Varco, L.P. | Fleet angle tolerant sheave |
| CA2896538C (en) | 2014-07-10 | 2022-08-30 | National Oilwell Varco, L.P. | Sheave with structured web |
| FI127270B (fi) | 2015-05-20 | 2018-02-28 | Konecranes Global Oy | Köysirumpu ja menetelmä vetojännityksessä olevan köyden vetämiseksi sisään tai vapauttamiseksi ulos |
| US9950915B2 (en) | 2015-05-27 | 2018-04-24 | Rt Ltd. | Winch system |
| US11279601B2 (en) | 2017-04-03 | 2022-03-22 | National Oilwell Varco, L.P. | Hoisting and tensioning bearing saver |
| CN108105572B (zh) * | 2017-12-21 | 2019-09-03 | 河南巨人起重机集团有限公司重庆高新分公司 | 一种维修用车 |
| NL2022164B1 (en) * | 2018-12-10 | 2020-07-02 | Shoretension Holding B V | Ship mooring system and method |
| CN109592590B (zh) * | 2019-01-28 | 2023-09-15 | 中国电建市政建设集团有限公司 | 一拖二正反转同步可调节卷扬机传动装置 |
Family Cites Families (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE47478C (de) * | 1888-07-31 | 1889-06-12 | John Walker | Seiltrommel mit unabhaengig von einander drehbaren Rillenringen |
| FR1105165A (fr) * | 1952-10-17 | 1955-11-28 | Entpr S Soc Gen | Perfectionnements aux treuils |
| FR1394141A (fr) * | 1964-02-17 | 1965-04-02 | Duchesne Et Des Ateliers Bossi | Enrouleuse-dérouleuse de câble de grande élasticité pour fortes tensions mécaniques |
| CA915945A (en) * | 1970-04-14 | 1972-12-05 | Canadian General Electric Company Limited | Fastening of treads to drive wheel of friction mine hoist |
| US3843096A (en) * | 1970-11-07 | 1974-10-22 | E Wilson | Traction drum winch which exerts a predetermined constant tension on a cable |
| US3966170A (en) * | 1971-05-19 | 1976-06-29 | Ocean Systems, Inc. | Traction winch |
| US3934482A (en) * | 1975-01-27 | 1976-01-27 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | Cable traction sheave |
| FR2669701A1 (fr) * | 1990-11-23 | 1992-05-29 | Kley France Sa | Poulie d'adherence. |
| US5792294A (en) * | 1995-11-16 | 1998-08-11 | Otis Elevator Company | Method of replacing sheave liner |
| US6401871B2 (en) * | 1998-02-26 | 2002-06-11 | Otis Elevator Company | Tension member for an elevator |
| NO983774L (no) * | 1998-08-18 | 2000-02-21 | Rapp Hydema As | Trekkvinsj |
-
2002
- 2002-08-28 FR FR0210649A patent/FR2843953B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2003
- 2003-08-26 DE DE60334228T patent/DE60334228D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-08-26 WO PCT/FR2003/050040 patent/WO2004020323A1/fr not_active Ceased
- 2003-08-26 EP EP03775495A patent/EP1546017B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-08-26 AU AU2003283521A patent/AU2003283521A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2003-08-26 AT AT03775495T patent/ATE481351T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2003-08-26 US US10/525,663 patent/US7175163B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-08-26 CA CA2496944A patent/CA2496944C/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR2843953A1 (fr) | 2004-03-05 |
| EP1546017A1 (de) | 2005-06-29 |
| AU2003283521A1 (en) | 2004-03-19 |
| ATE481351T1 (de) | 2010-10-15 |
| US7175163B2 (en) | 2007-02-13 |
| WO2004020323A1 (fr) | 2004-03-11 |
| FR2843953B1 (fr) | 2005-04-08 |
| US20060022182A1 (en) | 2006-02-02 |
| CA2496944A1 (fr) | 2004-03-11 |
| CA2496944C (fr) | 2012-08-14 |
| DE60334228D1 (de) | 2010-10-28 |
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