EP1542811B1 - Device for measuring the bending strength of flat consignments - Google Patents

Device for measuring the bending strength of flat consignments Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1542811B1
EP1542811B1 EP03769221A EP03769221A EP1542811B1 EP 1542811 B1 EP1542811 B1 EP 1542811B1 EP 03769221 A EP03769221 A EP 03769221A EP 03769221 A EP03769221 A EP 03769221A EP 1542811 B1 EP1542811 B1 EP 1542811B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
deflection
mail
item
items
measuring means
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EP03769221A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1542811A1 (en
Inventor
Rainer Vogel
Armin Zimmermann
Erich Groegor
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Siemens AG
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Siemens AG
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
    • B07C1/00—Measures preceding sorting according to destination
    • B07C1/10—Sorting according to size or flexibility
    • B07C1/16—Sorting according to thickness or stiffness

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for measuring the bending stiffness of flat items in the longitudinal direction, which are transported in a conveying path one behind the other.
  • the mail items pass through a curved section of the conveying path designed as a shroud system, in which the deflection of the mailings is measured. If the items have a low flexural rigidity in the longitudinal direction, they nestle against the deflecting member and there is virtually no deflection. With high longitudinal stiffness, the front and rear parts of the rigid sections are deflected accordingly.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a device for measuring the flexural rigidity of flat broadcasts in the longitudinal direction, which are transported in a conveying path one behind the other, which measures the bending stiffness in the longitudinal direction of broadcasts of different format and different thickness with high accuracy and the Measurement of the bending stiffness allowed over the length of the shipment.
  • a measuring device connected to the control device for determining the thickness of each transmission is located on the conveying path.
  • the deflecting device in the non-deflected state and / or the bearing points are moved for each shipment before the start of the respective stiffness measurement so that their distance perpendicular to the transport direction approximately corresponds to the respective shipment thickness.
  • control device is designed such that the deflection device remains in the deflected state until the trailing edge has left the rearmost bearing point and the stiffness profile is determined over the length of each transmission. It is also advantageous if the control device is designed in such a way that a rejection signal for this transmission is triggered only when an inadmissible bending stiffness measured beyond a predetermined length is exceeded. As a result, shipments with stiff content of short length can go through the sorting system, since only from a certain length of too stiff content damage to the consignments or sorting machines.
  • the measuring means for determining the size of the deflection of the mail items is conveniently arranged at the level of the movable deflection device.
  • a measuring means for determining the size of the deflection of the mail items at another mailing height and to form the control device in such a way that they can be read by the two measuring means form that detected in the two measuring means unequal deflections a consignment with bound edge and that consignment edge identified as a bound edge to which the measuring means with the lower deflection is closest.
  • the bearing points and the part of the deflecting device which touches the transmissions are designed as rollers.
  • the measuring means for determining the size of the deflection are advantageously designed as distance sensors for non-contact measurement.
  • the mail items 4 are transported in the conveying path in a stationary position, clamped between narrow transport belts 1, 2 of a shroud system.
  • a straight section is the device for measuring the longitudinal stiffness of the mail item. It will the transport belt 2 at two spaced, spatially fixed support rollers 3 for supporting the shipments 4 over its entire height in two sub-belts 2a, 2b split. Between the two support rollers 3, which serve as a bearing point in the measurement, located on the other side of the shroud system, ie on the conveyor belt 1, a movable into the conveying path deflection device 5, which touches the shipments 4 with a roller in the deflection.
  • the roller is moved back and forth by means of an actuator, eg a servomotor.
  • an actuator eg a servomotor.
  • a measuring means 6 for determining the size of the deflection.
  • This measuring device is designed as a laser distance sensor. Since the support rollers 3 are spatially fixed and thus have shipments 4 there a defined position, the conveyor belt 1 is lifted in accordance with the shipment thickness of the support rollers 3.
  • the roller of the deflection device 5 is deflected into the conveying path with a defined constant force and thus the mail item 4 is deflected. This deflection is measured with the laser distance sensor and characterizes the transmission stiffness.
  • a measure of the stiffness of the package can also be determined if, as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the mail items 4 are deflected by a constant path, and the force required for this, which is determined in the actuator control, serves as a measure of the mail item stiffness.
  • the constant path is located on a stop 7, a switch whose switching element is actuated by the transmission and thereby shuts off the actuator drive of the deflection device. This ensures that only the force necessary for the transmission deflection is determined.
  • the measurement is carried out until the trailing edge of the mailing 4 has left the rear in the transport direction support roller 3. This gives a corresponding stiffness curve, which can then be better decided whether the respective consignment 4 can be processed trouble-free in a sorting machine.
  • the deflection device 5 with the roller at the end is located on the side of the conveyor belt 1 and the other belt strand is divided into two parts, transport belts 1a and 1b.
  • a baffle 12 which prevents thin broadcasts 4 with low bending stiffness at the relatively high transport speed leave the measuring device to the outside and cause a disturbance.
  • the deflected shipments 4 arrive at the second transport belt 19 of the belt strand 1, which is guided over two deflection rollers 9, 10 and forms an inlet region, in which the deflected shipments 4 are guided again into the cover belt system with the transport belts 1, 2 arranged close to one another ,
  • the magnitude of the deflection of the mailings 4 is also measured with a corresponding measuring means 6 (laser distance sensor), which is located opposite the roller of the deflection device 5 between the support roller 8 and the guide roller 10 at the level of the roller of the deflection device 5.
  • a plurality of programs 4 consists of periodicals with bound edges. These bonded edges have a higher flexural rigidity than the rest of the magazine. The information about the position of the bound edge (bottom or top) is important for further processing.
  • a further corresponding measuring means 13 is arranged just above the base plate 14 directly under the first measuring means for determining the size of the deflection (FIG. 8).
  • both measuring means 6,13 laser distance sensors
  • the upper measuring means 6 registers a lower deflection than the lower measuring means 13, which is as recognizable a shipment 4 with overhead bound edge. If the deflection is approximately the same at both measuring means 6, 13, no bound edge is present.

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  • Sorting Of Articles (AREA)
  • Controlling Sheets Or Webs (AREA)
  • Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung zur Messung der Biegesteifigkeit von flachen Sendungen in Längsrichtung, die in einem Förderweg hintereinander transportiert werden.The invention relates to a device for measuring the bending stiffness of flat items in the longitudinal direction, which are transported in a conveying path one behind the other.

Für die Bearbeitung von flachen Sendungen in automatischen Sortieranlagen ist es erforderlich, vorher die Steifigkeit der Sendungen zu messen, da die Maschinenfähigkeit der Sendungen zu einem großen Teil von der Sendungssteifigkeit abhängt. Sendungen mit zu steifem Inhalt können zur Beschädigung von Sortieranlage und Sendung führen, weshalb sie vorher identifiziert und separiert werden müssen.
Je genauer die Sendungssteifigkeit ermittelt werden kann, desto geringer ist die Anzahl der beschädigten Sendungen und der Maschinenbeschädigungen.For the processing of flat consignments in automatic sorting systems, it is necessary to measure the rigidity of the consignments beforehand, since the machine capability of the consignments depends to a large extent on the consignment stiffness. Items that are too stiff may damage the sorting unit and the consignment, which is why they must be identified and separated in advance.
The more accurate the shipment stiffness can be, the less the number of damaged shipments and machine damage.

Bei den bekannten Lösungen durchlaufen die Sendungen einen gekrümmten Abschnitt des als Deckbandsystem ausgeführten Förderweges, in welchem die Auslenkung der Sendungen gemessen wird. Weisen die Sendungen eine geringe Biegesteifigkeit in Längsrichtung auf, so schmiegen sie sich an das Umlenkglied an und es findet so gut wie keine Auslenkung statt. Bei hoher Längssteifigkeit werden die vorderen und hinteren Teile der steifen Abschnitte entsprechend ausgelenkt.In the known solutions, the mail items pass through a curved section of the conveying path designed as a shroud system, in which the deflection of the mailings is measured. If the items have a low flexural rigidity in the longitudinal direction, they nestle against the deflecting member and there is virtually no deflection. With high longitudinal stiffness, the front and rear parts of the rigid sections are deflected accordingly.

In der DE-OS 15 74 164 wird diese Auslenkung mittels angefederter Rolle abgetastet. Diese Rollen sind aber schwingungsanfällig und neigen daher zu Überschwingungen, was die Genauigkeit der Messergebnisse verringert. Eine zunehmende Sendungsdicke bewirkt einen zunehmenden Stoß auf die angefederte Rolle bzw. auf die Vorderkante der Sendung, was verstärkt zu Überschwingungen der Rolle und zu ungewollten Verschiebungen der Sendungen gegeneinander führen kann.In the DE-OS 15 74 164 this deflection is scanned by means of a spring-loaded roller. However, these rollers are susceptible to vibration and therefore prone to overshoot, which reduces the accuracy of the measurement results. An increasing thickness of the mailing causes an increasing impact on the spring-loaded roller or on the front edge of the mail item, which can lead to increased overshoots of the reel and to unwanted displacements of the mailings against one another.

Zur Vermeidung dieser Nachteile wurde eine Lösung bekannt ( DE 196 00 231 C2 ), bei der die Auslenkung berührungslos mittels Entfernungssensoren unter Berücksichtigung der Sendungsdicken gemessen wird.
In beiden Fällen ist die Ermittlung des Steifigkeitsprofils über die Sendungslänge nicht möglich.
Darüber hinaus ist in der EP 0 829 720 A1 eine Vorrichtung zur Messung der Biegesteifigkeit einer bewegten blattförmigen Materialbahn beschrieben, bei der die Materialbahn über zwei Umlenkrollen geführt wird und eine dazwischen angeordnete Auslenkrolle die Materialbahn auslenkt. Während die Materialbahn durchläuft, wird sie um einen bestimmten konstanten Betrag ausgelenkt. Die dabei auf die Auslenkrolle wirkende Kraft wird über die Bahnlänge kontinuierlich gemessen und daraus wird dann die Biegesteifigkeit ermittelt, wobei noch besondere Maßnahmen zur Eliminierung des Einflusses der Bahnspannung (zusätzliche periodische Auslenkung der Materialbahn um einen geringen Betrag) durchgeführt werden.To avoid these disadvantages, a solution has been disclosed ( DE 196 00 231 C2 ), in which the deflection is measured without contact by means of distance sensors taking into account the transmission thicknesses.
In both cases it is not possible to determine the stiffness profile over the length of the shipment.
In addition, in the EP 0 829 720 A1 describes a device for measuring the flexural rigidity of a moving sheet material web, in which the material web is guided over two deflection rollers and an interposed deflection roller deflects the material web. As the web passes through, it is deflected by a certain constant amount. The force acting on the deflection roller force is continuously measured over the web length and then the flexural rigidity is determined, with special measures for eliminating the influence of web tension (additional periodic deflection of the web by a small amount) are performed.

Bekannt wurde auch eine Lösung zur online Messung der Steifigkeit von Tafeln, insbesondere Holztafeln, ( EP 841 554 A2 ), bei der auf die bewegten Tafeln eine mit einer Rolle versehene Auslenkvorrichtung mit einer bestimmten Kraft drückt und die Auslenkung ein Maß für die Steifigkeit darstellt. Tafeln mit erheblichen Dickenunterschieden können hiermit nicht betriebssicher und hinreichend genau gemessen werden.A solution has also become known for the online measurement of the rigidity of panels, in particular wooden panels, ( EP 841 554 A2 ), in which on the moving panels presses a roller provided with a deflection device with a certain force and the deflection is a measure of the stiffness. Sheets with considerable differences in thickness can not be measured reliably and with sufficient accuracy.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Vorrichtung zur Messung der Biegesteifigkeit von flachen Sendungen in Längsrichtung, die in einem Förderweg hintereinander transportiert werden, zu schaffen, die mit hoher Genauigkeit die Biegesteifigkeit in Längsrichtung von Sendungen unterschiedlichen Formates und unterschiedlicher Dicke misst und die auch die Messung der Biegesteifigkeit über die Sendungslänge gestattet.The invention has for its object to provide a device for measuring the flexural rigidity of flat broadcasts in the longitudinal direction, which are transported in a conveying path one behind the other, which measures the bending stiffness in the longitudinal direction of broadcasts of different format and different thickness with high accuracy and the Measurement of the bending stiffness allowed over the length of the shipment.

Erfindungsgemäß wird die Aufgabe durch eine Vorrichtung mit den Merkmalen des Anspruches 1 gelöst.According to the invention the object is achieved by a device having the features of claim 1.

Um den Einfluss der Sendungsdicke bei der Messung zu eliminieren und um mechanische Beanspruchungen der Sendungen und der Auslenkvorrichtung zu vermeiden, befindet sich am Förderweg eine an die Steuereinrichtung angeschlossene Messeinrichtung zur Ermittlung der Dicke jeder Sendung. Die Auslenkvorrichtung im nicht ausgelenkten Zustand und/oder die Lagerstellen werden für jede Sendung vor Beginn der jeweiligen Steifigkeitsmessung so verfahren, dass ihr Abstand senkrecht zur Transportrichtung annähernd der jeweiligen Sendungsdicke entspricht.In order to eliminate the influence of the transmission thickness during the measurement and in order to avoid mechanical stresses on the transmissions and the deflection device, a measuring device connected to the control device for determining the thickness of each transmission is located on the conveying path. The deflecting device in the non-deflected state and / or the bearing points are moved for each shipment before the start of the respective stiffness measurement so that their distance perpendicular to the transport direction approximately corresponds to the respective shipment thickness.

Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung sind in den Unteransprüchen dargelegt.
So ist es vorteilhaft, wenn die Steuereinrichtung so ausgebildet ist, dass die Auslenkvorrichtung solange im ausgelenkten Zustand verbleibt, bis die Sendungshinterkante die hinterste Lagerstelle verlassen hat und der Steifigkeitsverlauf über die Länge jeder Sendung ermittelt wird.
Vorteilhaft ist es auch, wenn die Steuereinrichtung so ausgebildet ist, dass erst bei einer über eine festgelegte Länge hinaus gemessenen unzulässigen Biegesteifigkeit ein Aussonderungssignal für diese Sendung ausgelöst wird. Dadurch können Sendungen mit steifem Inhalt kurzer Länge die Sortieranlage durchlaufen, da erst ab einer bestimmten Länge des zu steifen Inhalts eine Beschädigung der Sendungen oder der Sortiermaschinen erfolgt.Advantageous embodiments of the invention are set forth in the subclaims.
Thus, it is advantageous if the control device is designed such that the deflection device remains in the deflected state until the trailing edge has left the rearmost bearing point and the stiffness profile is determined over the length of each transmission.
It is also advantageous if the control device is designed in such a way that a rejection signal for this transmission is triggered only when an inadmissible bending stiffness measured beyond a predetermined length is exceeded. As a result, shipments with stiff content of short length can go through the sorting system, since only from a certain length of too stiff content damage to the consignments or sorting machines.

Das Messmittel zur Ermittlung der Größe der Auslenkung der Sendungen ist günstigerweise in Höhe der bewegbaren Auslenkvorrichtung angeordnet.
Um Sendungen mit gebundener Kante und deren Lage zu erkennen, ist es vorteilhaft, zusätzlich ein Messmittel zur Ermittlung der Größe der Auslenkung der Sendungen an einer anderen Sendungshöhe anzuordnen und die Steuereinrichtung derart auszubilden, dass sie bei durch die beiden Messmittel bilden, dass sie bei durch die beiden Messmittel ermittelten ungleichen Auslenkungen eine Sendung mit gebundener Kante detektiert und jene Sendungskante als gebundene Kante identifiziert, zu der sich das Messmittel mit der geringeren Auslenkung am nächsten befindet.
Damit bei der Messung auf die bewegten Sendungen keine störenden Reibkräfte wirken, sind die Lagerstellen und der die Sendungen berührende Teil der Auslenkvorrichtung als Rollen ausgebildet.
Die Messmittel zur Ermittlung der Größe der Auslenkung sind für eine berührungslose Messung vorteilhaft als Abstandssensoren ausgeführt.The measuring means for determining the size of the deflection of the mail items is conveniently arranged at the level of the movable deflection device.
In order to detect programs with bound edges and their position, it is advantageous to additionally arrange a measuring means for determining the size of the deflection of the mail items at another mailing height and to form the control device in such a way that they can be read by the two measuring means form that detected in the two measuring means unequal deflections a consignment with bound edge and that consignment edge identified as a bound edge to which the measuring means with the lower deflection is closest.
So that no disturbing frictional forces act on the moving transmissions during the measurement, the bearing points and the part of the deflecting device which touches the transmissions are designed as rollers.
The measuring means for determining the size of the deflection are advantageously designed as distance sensors for non-contact measurement.

Anschließend wird die Erfindung anhand der Zeichnungen in einem Ausführungsbeispiel näher erläutert.The invention will be explained in more detail with reference to the drawings in an embodiment.

Dabei zeigen

FIG 1
eine schematische Draufsicht auf eine Messvorrichtung mit Messung der Auslenkung und mit zwei Lagerstellen in Ruhestellung und einem Distanzsensor;
FIG 2
eine schematische Draufsicht auf eine Messvorrichtung mit Messung der Auslenkung und mit zwei Lagerstellen und einem Distanzsensor in Messposition (ausgelenkter Zustand);
FIG 3
eine schematische Seitenansicht der Messvorrichtung nach FIG 1;
FIG 4
eine schematische Draufsicht auf eine Messvorrichtung mit Kraftmessung und mit zwei Lagerstellen in Ruhestellung;
FIG 5
eine schematische Draufsicht auf eine Messvorrichtung mit Kraftmessung und mit zwei Lagerstellen in Messposition (ausgelenkter Zustand) ;
FIG 6
eine schematische Draufsicht auf eine Messvorrichtung mit Messung der Auslenkung und mit einer Lagerstelle in Ruhestellung;
FIG 7
eine schematische Draufsicht auf eine Messvorrichtung mit Messung der Auslenkung und mit einer Lagerstelle in Messposition (ausgelenkter Zustand);
FIG 8
eine schematische Seitenansicht einer Messvorrichtung mit Messung der Auslenkung und mit zwei Lagerstellen in Ruhestellung und zwei Distanzsensoren;
FIG 9
eine schematische Seitenansicht der Messvorrichtung nach FIG 8 mit einer Sendung mit unten liegender, gebundener Kante in Messposition (ausgelenkter Zustand);
FIG 10
eine schematische Seitenansicht der Messvorrichtung nach FIG 8 mit einer Sendung mit oben liegender, gebundener Kante in Messposition (ausgelenkter Zustand);
FIG 11
eine schematische Seitenansicht der Messvorrichtung nach FIG 8 mit einer Sendung ohne gebundener Kante in Messposition (ausgelenkter Zustand).
Show
FIG. 1
a schematic plan view of a measuring device with measurement of the deflection and with two bearings in the rest position and a distance sensor;
FIG. 2
a schematic plan view of a measuring device with measurement of the deflection and with two bearings and a distance sensor in the measuring position (deflected state);
FIG. 3
a schematic side view of the measuring device of FIG 1;
FIG. 4
a schematic plan view of a measuring device with force measurement and with two bearings in the rest position;
FIG. 5
a schematic plan view of a measuring device with force measurement and with two bearings in measuring position (deflected state);
FIG. 6
a schematic plan view of a measuring device with measurement of the deflection and with a bearing in the rest position;
FIG. 7
a schematic plan view of a measuring device with measurement of the deflection and with a bearing point in the measuring position (deflected state);
FIG. 8
a schematic side view of a measuring device with measurement of the deflection and with two bearings in the rest position and two distance sensors;
FIG. 9
a schematic side view of the measuring device according to FIG 8 with a program with lying below, bound edge in the measuring position (deflected state);
FIG. 10
a schematic side view of the measuring device according to FIG 8 with a program with overhead, bound edge in the measuring position (deflected state);
FIG. 11
a schematic side view of the measuring device according to FIG 8 with a consignment without bound edge in the measuring position (deflected state).

Wie in FIG 1 bis 3 dargestellt, werden die Sendungen 4 in dem Förderweg in stehender Position, eingeklemmt zwischen schmalen Transportriemen 1,2 eines Deckbandsystems, transportiert. In einem geraden Abschnitt befindet sich die Einrichtung zum Messen der Sendungssteifigkeit in Längsrichtung. Dabei wird der Transportriemen 2 an zwei beabstandeten, räumlich festen Stützrollen 3 zum Abstützen der Sendungen 4 über ihre gesamte Höhe in zwei Teilriemen 2a,2b aufgeteilt. Zwischen den beiden Stützrollen 3, die bei der Messung als Lagerstelle dienen, befindet sich auf der anderen Seite des Deckbandsystems, also am Transportriemen 1, eine in den Förderweg hinein bewegbare Auslenkvorrichtung 5, die bei der Auslenkung die Sendungen 4 mit einer Rolle berührt. Die Rolle wird mittels eines Aktors, z.B. ein Servomotor, entsprechend vor- und zurückbewegt. Zwischen den beiden Teiltransportriemen 2a und 2b, der Rolle der Auslenkvorrichtung 5 gegenüber und auf deren Höhe befindet sich ein Messmittel 6 zum Ermitteln der Größe der Auslenkung. Dieses Messmittel ist als Laserdistanzsensor ausgeführt. Da die Stützrollen 3 räumlich fest sind und damit Sendungen 4 dort eine definierte Lage besitzen, wird der Transportriemen 1 entsprechend der Sendungsdicke von den Stützrollen 3 abgehoben. Damit einlaufende Sendungen 4 nicht gegen die Rolle der Auslenkvorrichtung 5 stoßen, wird die Rolle mit dem Aktor gemäß der jeweiligen Sendungsdicke, die vorher mittels einer nicht dargestellten Dickenmesseinrichtung ermittelt wurde, so vorjustiert, dass der Abstand der Rolle der Auslenkvorrichtung 5 von der Verbindungsgeraden zwischen den Teilriemen 2a und 2b, während die Sendung die Auslenkvorrichtung 5 passiert, annähernd der Sendungsdicke entspricht. Mit einer ebenfalls nicht dargestellten Lichtschranke werden die Sendungsvorder- und -hinterkanten detektiert.
Da die Transportgeschwindigkeit des Deckbandsystems bekannt ist, ist auch die Lage jeder Sendung 4 zu jedem Zeitpunkt einschließlich der Länge der Sendung bekannt.
Nachdem die Vorderkante der jeweiligen Sendung 4 die in Transportrichtung vorderste Lagerstelle / Stützrolle 3 erreicht hat, wird die Rolle der Auslenkvorrichtung 5 mit einer festgelegten konstanten Kraft in den Förderweg ausgelenkt und damit die Sendung 4 durchgebogen. Diese Durchbiegung wird mit dem Laserdistanzsensor gemessen und charakterisiert die Sendungssteifigkeit.As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the mail items 4 are transported in the conveying path in a stationary position, clamped between narrow transport belts 1, 2 of a shroud system. In a straight section is the device for measuring the longitudinal stiffness of the mail item. It will the transport belt 2 at two spaced, spatially fixed support rollers 3 for supporting the shipments 4 over its entire height in two sub-belts 2a, 2b split. Between the two support rollers 3, which serve as a bearing point in the measurement, located on the other side of the shroud system, ie on the conveyor belt 1, a movable into the conveying path deflection device 5, which touches the shipments 4 with a roller in the deflection. The roller is moved back and forth by means of an actuator, eg a servomotor. Between the two partial transport belts 2a and 2b, opposite the roller of the deflection device 5 and at the level thereof, there is a measuring means 6 for determining the size of the deflection. This measuring device is designed as a laser distance sensor. Since the support rollers 3 are spatially fixed and thus have shipments 4 there a defined position, the conveyor belt 1 is lifted in accordance with the shipment thickness of the support rollers 3. So that incoming items 4 do not encounter the role of the deflection device 5, the role with the actuator according to the respective film thickness, which was previously determined by means of a thickness gauge, not shown, pre-adjusted so that the distance of the role of the deflection device 5 of the connecting line between the Partial belts 2a and 2b, while the shipment passes the deflection device 5, approximately corresponds to the shipment thickness. With a light barrier, also not shown, the transmission leading and trailing edges are detected.
Since the transport speed of the shroud system is known, the location of each shipment 4 at any time including the length of the shipment is known.
After the front edge of the respective mail item 4 has reached the frontmost bearing point / support roller 3 in the transport direction, the roller of the deflection device 5 is deflected into the conveying path with a defined constant force and thus the mail item 4 is deflected. This deflection is measured with the laser distance sensor and characterizes the transmission stiffness.

Ein Maß für die Sendungssteifigkeit kann auch ermittelt werden, wenn wie aus FIG 4 und 5 ersichtlich die Sendungen 4 um einen konstanten Weg ausgelenkt werden, und die dafür notwendige Kraft, die in der Aktorsteuerung ermittelt wird, als Maß für die Sendungssteifigkeit dient. Zur Realisierung des konstanten Weges befindet sich an einem Anschlag 7 ein Schalter, dessen Schaltglied durch die Sendung betätigt wird und dadurch den Aktorantrieb der Auslenkvorrichtung abschaltet. Dadurch wird sichergestellt, dass nur die zur Sendungsdurchbiegung notwendige Kraft ermittelt wird.
Die Messung erfolgt solange, bis die Hinterkante der Sendung 4 die in Transportrichtung hintere Stützrolle 3 verlassen hat. Dadurch erhält man einen entsprechenden Steifigkeitsverlauf, mit dem dann besser entschieden werden kann, ob die jeweilige Sendung 4 in einer Sortiermaschine störungsfrei verarbeitet werden kann. Dabei ist nicht die Höhe der Biegesteifigkeit über eine kurze Länge besonders gefährlich, sondern wegen der vielen Umlenkungen in der Sortiermaschine die unzulässige Biegesteifigkeit über eine größere Länge.
Ist es notwendig, die Biegesteifigkeit in Längsrichtung sehr kurzer Sendungen 4 zu messen, die kleiner oder gleich dem Abstand zwischen den zwei Lagerstellen sind, so werden die Sendungen 4 bei der Messung in einer Lagerstelle mit einer Stützrolle 8 und einer Führungsrolle 11 einseitig eingespannt (FIG 6 und FIG 7). In diesem Fall wird am einlaufenden Teil der Messanordnung durch die glatte Führungsfläche 11 oder durch Führungsrollen eine definierte Lage des durchgehenden Transportriemens 2 gesichert. Die Auslenkvorrichtung 5 mit der Rolle am Ende befindet sich auf der Seite des Transportriemens 1 und der andere Riemenstrang ist in zwei Teile, Transportriemen 1a und 1b, unterteilt. Der Transportriemen 1a wird am einlaufenden Teil an einer Stützrolle 8 umgelenkt, die entsprechend der gemessenen Sendungsdicke annähernd senkrecht zur Transportrichtung verfahren wird. (Sendungsdicke = Abstand zwischen Stützrolle 8 und Führungsfläche 11). Sobald die Vorderkante der einlaufenden Sendung 4 die Rolle der Auslenkvorrichtung 5 erreicht hat, erfolgt die Auslenkung der Rolle mit festgelegter konstanter Kraft in den Förderweg hinein und damit die Verbiegung der Sendung 4 über die Stützrolle 8. Damit die Sendungen 4 im Förderkanal verbleiben, befindet sich in Transportrichtung vor der Stützrolle 8 ein Leitblech 12, das verhindert, dass dünne Sendungen 4 mit geringer Biegesteifigkeit bei der relativ hohen Transportgeschwindigkeit die Messvorrichtung nach außen verlassen und eine Störung verursachen. Anschließend gelangen die ausgelenkten Sendungen 4 an den zweiten Transportriemen 19 des Riemenstranges 1, der über zwei Umlenkrollen 9,10 geführt ist und einen Einlaufbereich bildet, in dem die ausgelenkten Sendungen 4 wieder in das Deckbandsystem mit den dicht aneinander angeordneten Transportriemen 1,2 geführt werden. Die Größe der Auslenkung der Sendungen 4 wird ebenfalls mit einem entsprechenden Messmittel 6 (Laserdistanzsensor) gemessen, das sich gegenüber der Rolle der Auslenkvorrichtung 5 zwischen der Stützrolle 8 und der Umlenkrolle 10 in Höhe der Rolle der Auslenkvorrichtung 5 befindet. In diesem Falle muss aber bei der Ermittlung der Auslenkung der Sendungen 4 deren gemessene Dicke berücksichtigt werden.
Eine Vielzahl von Sendungen 4 besteht aus Zeitschriften mit gebundenen Kanten. Diese gebundenen Kanten weisen eine höhere Biegesteifigkeit als der Rest der Zeitschrift auf. Die Information über die Lage der gebundenen Kante (unten oder oben) ist für eine Weiterverarbeitung wichtig. Dafür ist kurz über der Grundplatte 14 direkt unter dem ersten Messmittel zur Ermittlung der Größe der Auslenkung noch ein weiteres entsprechendes Messmittel 13 angeordnet (FIG 8).A measure of the stiffness of the package can also be determined if, as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the mail items 4 are deflected by a constant path, and the force required for this, which is determined in the actuator control, serves as a measure of the mail item stiffness. To realize the constant path is located on a stop 7, a switch whose switching element is actuated by the transmission and thereby shuts off the actuator drive of the deflection device. This ensures that only the force necessary for the transmission deflection is determined.
The measurement is carried out until the trailing edge of the mailing 4 has left the rear in the transport direction support roller 3. This gives a corresponding stiffness curve, which can then be better decided whether the respective consignment 4 can be processed trouble-free in a sorting machine. Not the amount of bending stiffness over a short length is particularly dangerous, but because of the many deflections in the sorting machine the inadmissible bending stiffness over a greater length.
If it is necessary to measure the flexural stiffness in the longitudinal direction of very short programs 4, which are smaller than or equal to the distance between the two bearing points, the items 4 are clamped on one side during measurement in a bearing with a support roller 8 and a guide roller 11 (FIG 6 and FIG. 7). In this case, a defined position of the continuous conveyor belt 2 is secured to the incoming part of the measuring arrangement by the smooth guide surface 11 or by guide rollers. The deflection device 5 with the roller at the end is located on the side of the conveyor belt 1 and the other belt strand is divided into two parts, transport belts 1a and 1b. The transport belt 1a is deflected at the incoming part on a support roller 8, which is moved approximately perpendicular to the transport direction according to the measured mailing thickness. (Shipment thickness = distance between support roller 8 and guide surface 11). As soon as the front edge of the incoming mail item 4 has reached the role of the deflection device 5, the deflection takes place the role with a fixed constant force into the conveying path and thus the deflection of the program 4 on the support roller 8. So that the programs remain 4 in the conveyor channel, located in the transport direction in front of the support roller 8, a baffle 12, which prevents thin broadcasts 4 with low bending stiffness at the relatively high transport speed leave the measuring device to the outside and cause a disturbance. Subsequently, the deflected shipments 4 arrive at the second transport belt 19 of the belt strand 1, which is guided over two deflection rollers 9, 10 and forms an inlet region, in which the deflected shipments 4 are guided again into the cover belt system with the transport belts 1, 2 arranged close to one another , The magnitude of the deflection of the mailings 4 is also measured with a corresponding measuring means 6 (laser distance sensor), which is located opposite the roller of the deflection device 5 between the support roller 8 and the guide roller 10 at the level of the roller of the deflection device 5. In this case, however, the measured thickness must be taken into account when determining the deflection of the items 4.
A plurality of programs 4 consists of periodicals with bound edges. These bonded edges have a higher flexural rigidity than the rest of the magazine. The information about the position of the bound edge (bottom or top) is important for further processing. For this purpose, a further corresponding measuring means 13 is arranged just above the base plate 14 directly under the first measuring means for determining the size of the deflection (FIG. 8).

Anhand der Messergebnisse beider Messmittel 6,13 (Laserdistanzsensoren) kann dann entschieden werden, ob eine gebundene Kante vorhanden ist und wenn ja, wo sie sich befindet. Befindet sich gemäß FIG 9 die gebundene Kante unten, so wird dort durch das Messmittel 13 wegen der hohen Steifigkeit eine geringere Auslenkung als beim darüber befindlichen Messmittel 6 gemessen. In FIG 10 registriert das obere Messmittel 6 eine geringere Auslenkung als das untere Messmittel 13, was wie erkennbar eine Sendung 4 mit oben liegender gebundener Kante kennzeichnet. Ist die Auslenkung an beiden Messmitteln 6,13 annähernd gleich, ist keine gebundene Kante vorhanden. Based on the measurement results of both measuring means 6,13 (laser distance sensors) can then be decided whether a bound edge is present and if so, where it is located. If, as shown in FIG. 9, the bound edge is below, a smaller deflection is measured there by the measuring device 13 than in the measuring device 6 located above it because of the high rigidity. In FIG. 10, the upper measuring means 6 registers a lower deflection than the lower measuring means 13, which is as recognizable a shipment 4 with overhead bound edge. If the deflection is approximately the same at both measuring means 6, 13, no bound edge is present.

Claims (7)

  1. Apparatus for measuring the flexural rigidity in the longitudinal direction of flat items of mail which are transported one after another on a conveying path, which apparatus has, on the conveying path in a straight section, one or two bearing points (3 or 8, 11) one after another in the transport direction and has, before the rear bearing point (3) in the transport direction and after the front bearing point (3) in the transport direction, a deflection apparatus (5) that can be moved into the conveying path, approximately perpendicular thereto, in order to bend the items of mail (4), and which has a sensor detecting the edges of the items of mail and triggering the measuring operation, and also a measuring means (6) for determining the magnitude of the deflection of the items of mail (4) and/or measuring means for determining the magnitude of the deflection force and a control device for driving the deflection apparatus and also for evaluating the sensor and measuring means signals in such a way that the magnitude of the deflection of the items of mail (4) with a defined constant deflection force, or the magnitude of the deflection force for an always identical deflection of the deflection apparatus (5) is used as a measure of the flexural rigidity, the control device, furthermore, being designed such that the deflection apparatus (5) for bending the items of mail (4) is moved into the conveying path as soon as the respective front edge of the item of mail has reached the foremost bearing point (3) in the transport direction or, in the case of only one bearing point (8, 11), has reached the deflection apparatus (5) and remains in the deflected state at most until the rear edge of the item of mail has left the rearmost bearing point (3), and there being on the conveying path a measuring device, connected to the control device, for determining the thickness of each item of mail (4), and the deflection apparatus (5), in the nondeflected state, and/or the bearing points (3, 8, 11) for each item of mail (4) being moved before the start of the respective rigidity measurement such that their distance perpendicular to the transport direction corresponds approximately to the respective thickness of the item of mail.
  2. Apparatus according to Claim 1, the control device being designed such that the deflection apparatus (5) remains in the deflected state until the rear edge of the item of mail has left the rearmost bearing point (3) and a corresponding rigidity trend is determined.
  3. Apparatus according to Claim 2, the control device being designed such that only in the event of an inadmissible flexural rigidity measured over a defined length is a separation signal for this item of mail (4) triggered.
  4. Apparatus according to Claim 1, the measuring means for determining the magnitude of the deflection of the items of mail (4) being arranged at the level of the movable deflection apparatus (5).
  5. Apparatus according to Claim 4, a measuring means (13) for determining the magnitude of the deflection of the items of mail (4) additionally being provided at a different height of an item of mail, and the control device being designed such that, in the event of nonuniform deflections determined by the two measuring means (6, 13), it detects an item of mail (4) with a bound edge and identifies as a bound edge that edge of the item of mail to which the measuring means (6 or 13) with the lower deflection is closest.
  6. Apparatus according to Claim 1, the bearing points (3, 8) and the part of the deflection apparatus (5) that touches the items of mail (4) being designed as rollers.
  7. Apparatus according to Claim 1, the measuring means (6, 13) for determining the magnitude of the deflection being designed as distance sensors.
EP03769221A 2002-09-27 2003-09-26 Device for measuring the bending strength of flat consignments Expired - Lifetime EP1542811B1 (en)

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DE10245358 2002-09-27
DE10245358 2002-09-27
PCT/DE2003/003220 WO2004030835A1 (en) 2002-09-27 2003-09-26 Device for measuring the bending strength of flat consignments

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EP1542811B1 true EP1542811B1 (en) 2007-11-07

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US20050000299A1 (en) 2005-01-06
US7096743B2 (en) 2006-08-29
DE50308558D1 (en) 2007-12-20
JP2006500594A (en) 2006-01-05
WO2004030835A1 (en) 2004-04-15
EP1542811A1 (en) 2005-06-22

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