EP1541839B1 - Method for controlling an internal combustion engine - Google Patents
Method for controlling an internal combustion engine Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1541839B1 EP1541839B1 EP20030104619 EP03104619A EP1541839B1 EP 1541839 B1 EP1541839 B1 EP 1541839B1 EP 20030104619 EP20030104619 EP 20030104619 EP 03104619 A EP03104619 A EP 03104619A EP 1541839 B1 EP1541839 B1 EP 1541839B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- ignition
- mode
- spark
- cycle
- stroke cylinder
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
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Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/30—Controlling fuel injection
- F02D41/3011—Controlling fuel injection according to or using specific or several modes of combustion
- F02D41/3076—Controlling fuel injection according to or using specific or several modes of combustion with special conditions for selecting a mode of combustion, e.g. for starting, for diagnosing
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
- F02D41/14—Introducing closed-loop corrections
- F02D41/1497—With detection of the mechanical response of the engine
- F02D41/1498—With detection of the mechanical response of the engine measuring engine roughness
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/30—Controlling fuel injection
- F02D41/3011—Controlling fuel injection according to or using specific or several modes of combustion
- F02D41/3017—Controlling fuel injection according to or using specific or several modes of combustion characterised by the mode(s) being used
- F02D41/3035—Controlling fuel injection according to or using specific or several modes of combustion characterised by the mode(s) being used a mode being the premixed charge compression-ignition mode
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B1/00—Engines characterised by fuel-air mixture compression
- F02B1/12—Engines characterised by fuel-air mixture compression with compression ignition
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/0002—Controlling intake air
- F02D2041/001—Controlling intake air for engines with variable valve actuation
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D2200/00—Input parameters for engine control
- F02D2200/02—Input parameters for engine control the parameters being related to the engine
- F02D2200/10—Parameters related to the engine output, e.g. engine torque or engine speed
- F02D2200/1015—Engines misfires
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/0025—Controlling engines characterised by use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
- F02D41/0047—Controlling exhaust gas recirculation [EGR]
- F02D41/006—Controlling exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] using internal EGR
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for operating an internal combustion engine having at least one four-stroke cylinder with controlled auto-ignition and spark ignition, wherein the four-stroke cylinder is operable at least in a controlled auto-ignition mode, having the features of the preamble of claim 1.
- the internal combustion engine is, for example, a gasoline engine with one or more four-stroke cylinders.
- Gasoline engines are mainly operated with a stoichiometric mixture, which allow aftertreatment of exhaust gases.
- the fuel consumption loss at part load associated with throttling and stoichiometric operation may be reduced by lean operation, either by a homogeneous or stratified mixture by direct injection.
- nitrogen emissions (NOx) can not be treated by conventional three-way catalysts (TWC).
- TWC three-way catalysts
- LNT lean nitrogen separators
- the disadvantage of these LNT-based systems is that they are much more expensive than conventional TWCs.
- the controlled auto-ignition in four-stroke gasoline engines is a new development, which is constantly being developed with a rapidly changing state of the art.
- the WO 01/46571 and the WO 01/46573 each relate to a method for operating a four-stroke internal combustion engine in which the combustion is achieved with a self-ignition.
- the internal combustion engine has a spark plug for spark ignition in order to supplement the auto-ignition process, in particular during the first ignition of the internal combustion engine.
- the autoignition is used only in partial load ranges / low speed ranges, while the spark ignition is used at full load ranges / high speed ranges.
- deterioration of the combustion may be registered so that the combustion is very quickly switched from the auto-ignition mode to the spark ignition. This is intended to prevent deterioration of the exhaust gas cleaning performance even during the auto-ignition mode.
- valvetrain provides early exhaust valve closing (EEVC) and late intake valve opening (LIVO) to separate residual gas in a combustion chamber with minimal heat loss.
- EEVC early exhaust valve closing
- LIVO late intake valve opening
- EP 1 201 903 A1 a method of controlling the combustion process in a four-stroke engine having means for spark ignition, intake and exhaust valves in at least one cylinder.
- the spark igniters are activated or deactivated, with the exhaust valve being transitioned from an early close before the piston reaches its top dead center to a late close (near top dead center).
- the exhaust valve closes much earlier than in the previous cycle, so that the fuel-air mixture is heated due to the residual gases.
- the fresh fuel / air mixture is obliquely hatched, the residual gas is characterized as a bar. If the above limits are exceeded, it will be a misfire. This is in FIG. 1 denoted by n.
- the four-stroke cylinder is still in CAI mode.
- n + 1 to n + 4 is clearly shown that the proportion of residual gas relative to the fresh fuel / air mixture proportion is always lower, with no residual gas content is present in the cycles n + 3 and n + 4. This causes the four-stroke cylinder to fail.
- the cycles n-1 to n-4 respectively represent a cycle performed before the misfire, where n + 1 to n + 4 each represent a cycle following the misfire.
- the invention has for its object to provide an improved method for operating an internal combustion engine, in particular a gasoline engine available, which can continue to operate after a misfire occurring in CAI operation.
- an internal combustion engine with a four-stroke cylinder which is re-ignited after a occurring in CAI operation misfire by igniting a following on the misfire cycle in the spark mode and can continue to operate.
- FIG. 2 For example, the inventive method of operating an internal combustion engine having at least one four-stroke controlled auto-ignition (CAI) cylinder and spark ignition is illustrated, wherein the four-stroke cylinder is operable at least in a controlled auto-ignition mode.
- FIG. 2 represents cycles n-4 to n-1, which show a normal CAI mode with normal ignition and normal torque.
- the normal ignition is shown in each case with a dickliniertem square 1, in which a ratio of fresh fuel / air mixture 2 and residual gas 3 is located.
- the fresh fuel / air mixture 2 is obliquely hatched, wherein the residual gas 3 is marked as a bar.
- the CAI mode requires compliance with certain limits, such as a relatively high level of residual gas and a certain temperature of the mixture. If the specified limits are exceeded, there is a misfire.
- the misfire is in FIG. 2 denoted by n (arrow 4).
- the time is shown by the arrow 5.
- n + 1 In a cycle n + 1 is clearly shown that the residual gas content 3 based on the fresh fuel / air mixture proportion 2 is lower.
- the four-stroke cylinder In the cycle n + 1, the four-stroke cylinder is re-ignited by spark ignition.
- the four-stroke engine In cycle n + 2, the four-stroke engine returns to CAI mode. The four-stroke cylinder continues to operate in this mode, as clearly indicated by cycles n + 3 and n + 4.
- Cycles n-1 through n-4 each represent a pre-misfire cycle, where n + 1 through n + 4 each represent a misfire cycle.
- the four-stroke cylinder is operated at moderate load and engine speeds with a significant portion of residual gas 3 being separated or recycled from the previous cycle, thereby initiating the CAI.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion Methods Of Internal-Combustion Engines (AREA)
- Electrical Control Of Air Or Fuel Supplied To Internal-Combustion Engine (AREA)
- Output Control And Ontrol Of Special Type Engine (AREA)
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Verbrennungsmotors mit zumindest einem Vier-Takt-Zylinder mit kontrollierter Selbstzündung und Funkenzündung, wobei der Vier-Takt-Zylinder zumindest in einem kontrollierten Selbstzündungsmodus betreibbar ist, mit den Merkmalen des Oberbegriffs von Anspruch 1.The invention relates to a method for operating an internal combustion engine having at least one four-stroke cylinder with controlled auto-ignition and spark ignition, wherein the four-stroke cylinder is operable at least in a controlled auto-ignition mode, having the features of the preamble of
Der Verbrennungsmotor ist zum Beispiel ein Ottomotor mit einem oder mehreren Vier-Takt-Zylindern. Ottomotoren werden hauptsächlich mit einer stoichiometrischen Mischung betrieben, die eine Nachbehandlung von Abgasen ermöglichen. Der Kraftstoffverbrauchsverlust bei Teillast im Zusammenhang mit einer Drosselung und dem stoichiometrischen Betrieb kann durch einen Magerbetrieb, entweder durch eine homogene oder geschichtete Mischung mittels direkt Einspritzung reduziert werden. In beiden Fällen kann die Stickstoffemission (NOx) mittels konventioneller Drei-Wege-Katalysatoren (TWC) nicht behandelt werden. Aus diesem Grund wurden magere Stickstoffabscheider (LNT) entwickelt, die das magere Zuführgemisch behandeln können. Nachteilig bei diesen LNT basierten Systemen ist, dass diese wesentlich teurer sind als konventionelle TWC.The internal combustion engine is, for example, a gasoline engine with one or more four-stroke cylinders. Gasoline engines are mainly operated with a stoichiometric mixture, which allow aftertreatment of exhaust gases. The fuel consumption loss at part load associated with throttling and stoichiometric operation may be reduced by lean operation, either by a homogeneous or stratified mixture by direct injection. In both cases, nitrogen emissions (NOx) can not be treated by conventional three-way catalysts (TWC). For this reason, lean nitrogen separators (LNT) have been developed that can treat the lean feed mixture. The disadvantage of these LNT-based systems is that they are much more expensive than conventional TWCs.
Magermotoren mit extrem niedrigen Stickstoffemissionen, die eine teure LNT-Nachbehandlung unnötig machen wurden ebenfalls vorgestellt. Dies wurde durch die kontrollierte Selbstzündung (CAI) in Motoren erreicht, die bezogen auf laufend produzierten Motoren etwas modifiziert wurden. Hierzu wurden zwei Vorschläge veröffentlicht (
Die kontrollierte Selbstzündung in Vier-Takt-Ottomotoren ist eine neue Entwicklung, die mit einem schnell wechselnden Stand der Technik laufend weiterentwickelt wird.The controlled auto-ignition in four-stroke gasoline engines is a new development, which is constantly being developed with a rapidly changing state of the art.
Die
Die
- einen Abgaskatalysator ;
- einen Luft/Kraftstoff-Verhältnis Detektor, um das Kraftstoff/Luft-Verhältnis stromaufwärts des Abgaskatalysators zu bestimmen; und
- einen NOx-Detektor,um NOx stromabwärts des Abgaskatalysators zu besimmen.
- an exhaust gas catalyst;
- an air / fuel ratio detector to determine the air / fuel ratio upstream of the catalytic converter; and
- a NOx detector to purify NOx downstream of the exhaust catalyst.
Beispielsweise kann während des Selbstzündungsmodus eine Verschlechterung der Verbrennung registriert werden, so dass die Verbrennung sehr schnell aus dem Selbstzündungsmodus zur Funkenzündung ungeschaltet wird. Damit soll eine Verschlechterung der Abgasreinigungsleistung auch während des Selbstzündungsmodus vorgebeugt werden.For example, during the auto-ignition mode, deterioration of the combustion may be registered so that the combustion is very quickly switched from the auto-ignition mode to the spark ignition. This is intended to prevent deterioration of the exhaust gas cleaning performance even during the auto-ignition mode.
In der
In Zwei-Takt-Ottomotoren ist die CAI Technologie bekannt, und wurde zum Beispiel in Motorrad Motoren angewandt. Um eine CAI zu erreichen, ist aus dieser Erfahrung heraus bekannt, dass hohe interne Abgasrückführungsverhältnisse (interne EGR) und hohe Gemischtemperaturen am Ende eines Verdichtungshubes notwendig sind. Als Ergebnis wurde angenommen, dass zum Erreichen einer CAI in einem Vier-Takt-Motor komplexe Gemischwärmevorrichtungen notwendig sind, welche die Ausregelzeit-Reaktionsfähigkeit des Motors hemmen können.In two-stroke gasoline engines, the CAI technology is known, and has been used for example in motorcycle engines. In order to achieve a CAI, it is known from this experience that high internal exhaust gas recirculation conditions (internal EGR) and high mixture temperatures at the end of a compression stroke are necessary. As a result, it has been assumed that to obtain a CAI in a four-cycle engine, complex mixture heaters which can inhibit the regeneration-time responsiveness of the engine are necessary.
Es wurde auch vorgeschlagen, dass ein Vier-Takt CAI-Betrieb möglich sein müsste, indem eine Direkteinspritzung und ein gänzlich variabler Ventiltrieb benutzt wird. Der Ventiltrieb stellt ein frühes Auslassventilschließen (EEVC) und ein spätes Einlassventilöffnen (LIVO) zur Verfügung, um Rückstandsgas in einer Brennkammer mit minimalem Wärmeverlust abzuscheiden.It has also been suggested that four-stroke CAI operation would have to be possible using direct injection and a fully variable valvetrain. The valvetrain provides early exhaust valve closing (EEVC) and late intake valve opening (LIVO) to separate residual gas in a combustion chamber with minimal heat loss.
Beispielsweise beschreibt die
Diese Technologie wurde in EU-Projekten weiter untersucht. Das Ford Konsortium (Oakley et al., 2001) und andere (Law et al., 2001) zeigten, dass ein stabiler CAI-Betrieb mit einer Art Nockensteuerung über einen nutzbaren Drehzahl/Lastbereich möglich ist. Dies wurde mit wenig veränderten Motoren mit einer konventionellen Kraftstoffeinspritzung (PFI) und konventioneller Verdichtungsverhältnisse (CR) erreicht.This technology has been further investigated in EU projects. The Ford Consortium (Oakley et al., 2001) and others (Law et al., 2001) have demonstrated that stable CAI operation is possible with some type of cam control over a usable speed / load range. This has been achieved with little modified engines with conventional fuel injection (PFI) and conventional compression ratios (CR).
Während des CAI-Betriebes kann die Zündung üblicher Weise ausgeschaltet werden. Der CAI-Betrieb erfordert die Einhaltung bestimmter Grenzwerte, wie zum Beispiel einen relativ hohen Restgasanteil und eine bestimmte Temperatur des Gemisches, die von der Gemischzusammensetzung abhängt. Sinken die beispielhaft genannten Faktoren unter den geforderten Grenzwert, kann dies zu einer Fehlzündung führen. Eine Fehlzündung führt dazu, dass der Vier-Takt-Zylinder permanent ausfällt, da die vorgeheizten Restgase für die folgenden Motorzyklen nicht bereitstehen. Einen solchen Fall stellt
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein verbessertes Verfahren zum Betrieb eines Verbrennungsmotors, insbesondere eines Ottomotors zur Verfügung zu stellen, der nach einer im CAI-Betrieb auftretenden Fehlzündung weiter betrieben werden kann.The invention has for its object to provide an improved method for operating an internal combustion engine, in particular a gasoline engine available, which can continue to operate after a misfire occurring in CAI operation.
Erfindungsgemäß wird dies durch ein Verfahren mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1 erreicht.This is achieved by a method having the features of
Damit wird ein Verbrennungsmotor mit einem Vier-Takt-Zylinder zur Verfügung gestellt, der nach einer im CAI-Betrieb auftretenden Fehlzündung durch Zündung eines auf den der Fehlzündung folgenden Zyklus im Funkenbetrieb wiedergezündet wird und weiter betrieben werden kann.Thus, an internal combustion engine with a four-stroke cylinder is provided, which is re-ignited after a occurring in CAI operation misfire by igniting a following on the misfire cycle in the spark mode and can continue to operate.
Weitere vorteilhafte Ausführungen der Erfindung sind in den Unteransprüchen offenbart und in der zu
- Fig. 1
- schematisch einen üblichen CAI-Betrieb,
- Fig. 2
- schematisch einen CAI-Betrieb mit einem Wiederzünden in einem Funkenzündungsmodus.
- Fig. 1
- schematically a usual CAI operation,
- Fig. 2
- schematically a CAI operation with a re-ignition in a spark ignition mode.
In
In einem Zyklus n+1 ist deutlich dargestellt, dass der Restgasanteil 3 bezogen auf den frischen Kraftstoff/Luft-Gemisch Anteil 2 geringer ist. In dem Zyklus n+1 wird der Vier-Takt-Zylinder mittels Funkenzündung wiedergezündet. In dem Zyklus n+2 kehrt der Vier-Takt-Motor wieder in den CAI-Modus zurück. Der Vier-Takt-Zylinder läuft in dieser Betriebsart weiter, wie aus den Zyklen n+3 und n+4 deutlich hervorgeht.In a cycle n + 1 is clearly shown that the
Die Zyklen n-1 bis n-4 stellen jeweils einen vor der Fehlzündung vorhergehenden Zyklus dar, wobei n+1 bis n+4 jeweils einen auf die Fehlzündung folgenden Zyklus darstellen.Cycles n-1 through n-4 each represent a pre-misfire cycle, where n + 1 through n + 4 each represent a misfire cycle.
Der Vier-Takt-Zylinder wird bei moderaten Last- und Motorendrehzahlen betrieben, wobei ein erheblicher Anteil von Rückstandsgas 3 aus dem vorhergehenden Zyklus abgeschieden oder zurückgeführt wird, wodurch die CAI initiiert wird.The four-stroke cylinder is operated at moderate load and engine speeds with a significant portion of
Claims (3)
- Method for operating an internal combustion engine having at least one four-stroke cylinder with controlled auto-ignition and spark ignition, it being possible for the four-stroke cylinder to be operated at least in a controlled auto-ignition mode, wherein after a misfire occurring in the controlled auto-ignition mode, the four-stroke cylinder is re-ignited, in the cycle following the misfire, in a spark-ignition mode by virtue of more fuel being injected into the four-stroke cylinder,
characterized in that
the ignition remains activated during the controlled auto-ignition mode, wherein after the re-ignition, that is to say after the spark-ignition mode, the four-stroke cylinder is returned into the controlled auto-ignition mode, and continues to be operated in said mode, in the cycle directly following the cycle in the spark-ignition mode. - Method according to Claim 1,
characterized by
a pre-ignition setting selected such that the ignition is optimized in such a way that the same engine torque is obtained in the case of spark ignition as in CAI operation. - Method according to Claim 1 or 2,
characterized in that
in the re-ignition cycle, in the case of the engine having direct injection, a stratified injection of the fuel takes place shortly before the ignition.
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP20030104619 EP1541839B1 (en) | 2003-12-10 | 2003-12-10 | Method for controlling an internal combustion engine |
DE50312910T DE50312910D1 (en) | 2003-12-10 | 2003-12-10 | Method for operating an internal combustion engine |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP20030104619 EP1541839B1 (en) | 2003-12-10 | 2003-12-10 | Method for controlling an internal combustion engine |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1541839A1 EP1541839A1 (en) | 2005-06-15 |
EP1541839B1 true EP1541839B1 (en) | 2010-07-21 |
Family
ID=34486382
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP20030104619 Expired - Fee Related EP1541839B1 (en) | 2003-12-10 | 2003-12-10 | Method for controlling an internal combustion engine |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
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EP (1) | EP1541839B1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE50312910D1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102007053775A1 (en) * | 2007-11-12 | 2009-05-14 | Ford Global Technologies, LLC, Dearborn | Hybrid internal-combustion engine operating method for motor vehicle, involves switching internal-combustion engine to spark ignition mode based on operation of engine in homogenous charge compression ignition mode |
Family Cites Families (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2760487B1 (en) | 1997-03-07 | 1999-04-30 | Inst Francais Du Petrole | METHOD FOR CONTROLLING SELF-IGNITION IN A 4-STROKE ENGINE |
JP3835142B2 (en) * | 1999-09-07 | 2006-10-18 | 日産自動車株式会社 | Control device for self-ignition / spark ignition internal combustion engine |
WO2001046572A1 (en) | 1999-12-22 | 2001-06-28 | Lotus Cars Limited | A four stroke engine |
JP3880296B2 (en) * | 2000-08-02 | 2007-02-14 | 株式会社日立製作所 | Engine control device |
EP1201903B1 (en) * | 2000-10-25 | 2011-04-13 | Ford Global Technologies, Inc. | Method of controlling the combustion process in an internal combustion engine and an engine with means for controlling the engine valves |
AT5646U1 (en) * | 2001-08-27 | 2002-09-25 | Avl List Gmbh | METHOD FOR OPERATING AN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE |
JP3927395B2 (en) * | 2001-09-28 | 2007-06-06 | 株式会社日立製作所 | Control device for compression ignition engine |
JP2003343312A (en) * | 2002-05-22 | 2003-12-03 | Hitachi Ltd | Control method of cylinder injection type internal combustion engine with turbocharger and cylinder injection type internal combustion engine with turbocharger |
DE10233611A1 (en) * | 2002-07-24 | 2004-02-19 | Siemens Ag | Monitoring and controlling internal combustion process in engine with controlled self-ignition, involves detecting misfires by evaluating combustion pressure peaks in combustion chamber with knock sensor |
-
2003
- 2003-12-10 EP EP20030104619 patent/EP1541839B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-12-10 DE DE50312910T patent/DE50312910D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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EP1541839A1 (en) | 2005-06-15 |
DE50312910D1 (en) | 2010-09-02 |
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