EP1538055A1 - Véhicule ferroviaire, destiné à circuler sur deux rails parallèles - Google Patents
Véhicule ferroviaire, destiné à circuler sur deux rails parallèles Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1538055A1 EP1538055A1 EP04292862A EP04292862A EP1538055A1 EP 1538055 A1 EP1538055 A1 EP 1538055A1 EP 04292862 A EP04292862 A EP 04292862A EP 04292862 A EP04292862 A EP 04292862A EP 1538055 A1 EP1538055 A1 EP 1538055A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- rail
- railway vehicle
- wheel
- vehicle
- point
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61C—LOCOMOTIVES; MOTOR RAILCARS
- B61C15/00—Maintaining or augmenting the starting or braking power by auxiliary devices and measures; Preventing wheel slippage; Controlling distribution of tractive effort between driving wheels
- B61C15/08—Preventing wheel slippage
- B61C15/10—Preventing wheel slippage by depositing sand or like friction increasing materials
- B61C15/102—Preventing wheel slippage by depositing sand or like friction increasing materials with sanding equipment of mechanical or fluid type, e.g. by means of steam
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a railway vehicle of the type described in the preamble of claim 1.
- the invention applies to railway traction vehicles, which can be also means “railway engines”.
- railway vehicle guide rails are sometimes covered by a layer of vegetable waste, in particular in autumn, or by a layer of gel, especially in winter.
- Vehicles of the aforementioned type make it possible to deposit a layer of sand on the upper surface of the rail, at the point of contact between the drive wheels of the vehicle and the rail, to increase the adhesion between these two elements.
- the wheel tread is usually be covered with grease when the braking system is not of the type "shoe brake” or is smooth, when the braking system of the "shoe brake” type comprises a shoe of composite material.
- the object of the invention is to remedy these drawbacks, that is to say to create a vehicle that ensures a good grip between a wheel and the associated rail, while preserving the electrical conductivity between these two elements.
- the subject of the invention is a vehicle according to claim 1.
- the vehicle according to the invention may comprise the characteristics which are the subject of claims 2 to 17.
- the rail vehicle 11 shown in FIG. railway consisting of two parallel rails 13, in a direction of circulation S1, from right to left in Figure.
- the terms “forward” and “backward” refer to this direction of movement.
- the terms “high”, “low”, “upper” and “lower” agree on the positioning of this vehicle on the track.
- the rail 13 extends along a first axis longitudinal A-A ', substantially horizontal in Figure 1.
- the vehicle 11 comprises a chassis 15 mounted on a front axle 17 and a rear axle 19. This vehicle 11 further comprises cleaning and stripping front and rear 21A and 21B, mounted on the frame 11, respectively at the front of the front axle 17, and between the front axle 17 and the rear axle 19.
- FIG. 2 is a detail view of the stripping device before 21A. As illustrated in this Figure, it comprises a tank 25 of material granular abrasive 27 of small particle size, a feed pipe 29, and an ejection member 31.
- the tank 25 is mounted on the frame 15, above the wheel 33A of the axle 17. It comprises a receiving hopper of the abrasive material 27 whose upper part 35 comprises a filling orifice 37 and a vent 39. This hopper further comprises a lower portion 41 in the form of a pyramid truncated converging towards the ground in order to make maximum use of the quantity of abrasive material in the tank 25.
- the abrasive material 27 used in this device is preferably sand containing quartz.
- the average particle diameter of this sand is between 1 mm and 3.0 mm.
- upstream and downstream refer to relative to the direction of flow of the abrasive material 27 in the device 21A.
- the supply line 29 extends between the reservoir 25 and the organ ejection 31. It comprises a suction port 43 of the abrasive material 27, and an accelerator 45.
- the suction socket 43 is constituted by a pipe mounted on a projection in the lower part 41 of the tank 25.
- This pipe comprises a portion end-shaped U-shaped end or "gooseneck", provided at its end an orifice 47 for admission of the abrasive material 27, open downwards.
- the suction intake 43 further comprises a purge duct 49 connected to a vent.
- the acceleration member 45 is constituted by a rigid bent tube, which has an upstream portion 51 which extends along a substantially vertical axis. This portion 51 is mounted in the extension of the tank 25, to the bottom.
- This portion is provided with a nozzle that includes an air injection port 55 pressurized in which opens an upstream line 57 air intake, protruding in the downstream portion 53, in the first direction.
- This air supply line 57 is connected to a source 59 of compressed air integral with the chassis 15.
- the pressure of the air delivered by the source 59 is greater than 4 bar and preferably greater than 6 bar.
- An expansion valve 61 is mounted on the upstream pipe 57, between the source pressure 59 and the injection port 55 for controlling the air pressure compressed downstream of this regulator 61 depending on the speed of the vehicle.
- This regulator 61 is common to both vehicle cleaning devices.
- the pressure of the compressed air delivered downstream of the expander is regulated at 5 bars.
- the source 59 is directly connected to the upstream pipe by a bypass 62. The pressure delivered is then between 6 bars and 9 bars.
- the downstream portion 53 of the accelerator member 45 is also provided with an internal annular bead 63 which decreases the internal diameter of the member 45. This bead 63 accelerates the abrasive material 27 fluidized by compressed air.
- the ejection member 31 comprises a delivery channel 71, and a channel ejection 73.
- the supply channel 71 extends in the downstream extension of the pipe 29, along a vertical axis.
- the ejection channel 73 extends along a second axis B-B '.
- the angle ⁇ formed by the first axis A-A '(parallel to the rail at the level of the vehicle) and the second axis B-B ' is between 45 ° and 90 °. In the device shown in Figure 2, this angle ⁇ is substantially equal to 60 °.
- the channel 73 opens at a point 74 facing a top surface of the rail 13 upstream of the wheel 33A, in the vicinity of this surface.
- the distance between this point 74 and the upper surface of the rail 13 is between 4 cm and 6 cm.
- a downstream pipe 75 for supplying compressed air extends between a point 77 of the upstream line 57 downstream of the expander 61 and the ejection member 31.
- An end 79 of this pipe is projecting into the body ejection 31 along the second axis B-B '.
- the expander 61 is activated. Air compressed at a pressure of 5 bar is delivered to the air supply lines upstream and downstream 57 and 75. This compressed air enters the organ acceleration 45, creating a depression in this organ 45. As a result, the abrasive material 27 is sucked from the reservoir 25, through the orifice intake 47 of the socket 43.
- This material 27 flows through the downstream portion 51 of the organ 45. It is then fluidized and accelerated by the compressed air introduced by the upstream pipe 57. The fluidized material 27 passes at the level of the bead 63 and flows at high speed to the supply channel 71 of the organ ejection 31.
- the abrasive material 27 comes into contact with the compressed air coming from the downstream pipe 75 and accelerates strongly to through the ejection channel 73.
- the material abrasive 27 is ejected in a substantially conical space.
- the director of the cone delimiting this space is oriented along the second axis B-B '.
- the angle at the top of this cone, taken along a meridian section is greater than 30 °.
- the abrasive material 27 is then projected onto the rail 13, in front of the point of contact 81 between the wheel 33A and the rail 13.
- the acquired kinetic energy by this material 27 in the device 21A is sufficient to cause the cleaning of the rail 13 and its abrasive pickling. Almost all particles of the material 27 is further ejected from the rail 13 to outside. The formation of a layer of sand between the rail 13 and the wheel 33A is thus avoided, and the electrical conductivity between these elements is preserved.
- the angle ⁇ between the first and second axes A-A 'and B-B' is preferably between 45 ° and 90 ° to promote this cleaning.
- an angle of 60 ° allows projecting a portion of the abrasive material 27 ejected from the rail 13 to a surface 83 front of the wheel 33A (also called "tread").
- energy kinetics accumulated by the abrasive material 27 in the device 21A is sufficient to also ensure the cleaning of this front surface 83, which can be polluted by lubricating materials intended to limit the wear of the wheel and rail.
- the rear device 21 B of the vehicle 11 shown in FIG. analogous to the device before 21A.
- the angle 13 between the first axis A-A 'and the axis C-C' of the guide channel 73 is equal to 90 ° which promotes the cleaning of the rail 13, compared to that of the wheel 33B.
- the rail 13 thus has an upper surface 83 smooth and clean, this which greatly increases the adhesion between the rail 13 and the wheel 33 and preserves the electrical conductivity between these two elements.
- the adhesion between the wheel 33B and the rail 13 is greater than that between the wheel 33A and the rail 13, since the rail 13 has undergone two stripping operations successive, by the devices before 21A and rear 21B.
- the power traction applied on the rear axle 33B can then be superior to that applied on the front axle 33B.
- a small amount of abrasive material may further be projected on the rail 13, in the vicinity of the point of contact 81 between the wheel 33A and the rail 13. This material is deposited by ricochet a fraction of the material projected by the ejection member 31 on the rail 13 or on the wheel 33A in the front of the point of contact 81, and further improves the adhesion between the rail 13 and the wheel 33A, without significantly impairing the electrical conductivity between these two elements.
- the vehicle comprises a pair of axles front mounted on a front tread and a pair of rear axles mounted on a rear tread.
- the devices according to the invention are arranged on the vehicle, respectively upstream of the table of rolling upstream and between this table and the rear tread.
- the upstream pipe 57 opens directly into the supply line 29, without going through an accelerator.
- This device increases the adhesion between these elements, without diminishing significantly the electrical conductivity between these elements, so to obtain adhesion and electrical conductivity close to those a clean and dry rail.
- this device can be used by railway vehicles traveling at a speed greater than 50km / h.
- this device can be used with an abrasive material of low cost, such as available sand at existing rail facilities.
- the stripping device before 21A is adapted so that the distance between the projection space of the material abrasive on the rail 13 and the point of contact 81 between the wheel 33A and the rail 13 is greater than half the radius of the wheel 33A.
- the device 21A projects and a portion of the abrasive material to a front surface of the wheel 33A in turn on the rail 13.
- the cleaning device is devoid of seconds blowing means.
- the angle ⁇ between the first and second axes A-A 'and B-B' is greater than 90 °, so that the guide channel 73 is inclined towards the front of the vehicle. This arrangement increases the speed of projection of the abrasive material on the rail 13 when the railway vehicle 11 is moving forward.
- the device is adapted to project the material abrasive in a direct way only on the wheel, away from the point of contact between the rail and the wheel, without throwing abrasive material directly on the rail.
- the axis of the guide channel is for example substantially horizontal.
- the device is adapted so that a portion of the abrasive material is projected, in turn on the wheel, towards the rail away from the point of contact between the rail and the wheel.
- the device is adapted to project the material abrasive material directly on both the rail and the wheel, away from point of contact between the rail and the wheel.
- the axis of the guide channel is for example substantially at 45 ° with respect to the axis of the rail and the channel guide is partially closed at its end so that the projection of abrasive material is effected away from the point of contact between the rail and the wheel.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Cleaning In General (AREA)
- Vehicle Cleaning, Maintenance, Repair, Refitting, And Outriggers (AREA)
- Platform Screen Doors And Railroad Systems (AREA)
- Machines For Laying And Maintaining Railways (AREA)
- Cleaning Of Streets, Tracks, Or Beaches (AREA)
- Train Traffic Observation, Control, And Security (AREA)
Abstract
Description
- la Figure 1 est une vue schématique en coupe verticale d'un véhicule selon l'invention muni de deux dispositifs selon l'invention ; et
- la Figure 2 est une vue d'un détail de la Figure 1.
- un réservoir de matériau abrasif, destiné à être monté sur le véhicule ;
- une conduite d'amenée du matériau, s'étendant entre le réservoir et un point en regard d'une surface dudit rail et/ou de ladite roue ; et
- un organe d'éjection du matériau, disposé dans le prolongement de la conduite au voisinage dudit point, cet organe comprenant un canal de guidage du matériau, s'étendant suivant un second axe, et des premiers moyens de soufflage, reliés audit canal ;
- des seconds moyens de soufflage, reliés à la conduite d'amenée en amont de l'organe d'éjection.
Claims (17)
- Véhicule ferroviaire (11), destiné à circuler sur deux rails (13) parallèles, du type comprenant :au moins un essieu avant (17) et au moins un essieu arrière (19), chaque essieu (17, 19) comprenant des roues (33A; 33B) supportées par un rail (13) s'étendant suivant un premier axe (A-A') longitudinal ; etau moins un dispositif (21A ; 21B) de nettoyage du rail (13) ou/et d'une roue (33A ; 33B) monté à l'avant de l'un desdits essieux (17, 19) par rapport au sens de circulation (S1) dudit véhicule (11),
le ou chaque dispositif (21A ; 21B) de nettoyage étant du type comprenant :- un réservoir (25) de matériau abrasif (27), monté sur le véhicule (11) ;
- un organe d'éjection (31) du matériau (27), relié au réservoir (25) par une conduite d'amenée (29) du matériau (27), cet organe (31) comprenant un canal (73) de guidage du matériau (27), le canal (73) s'étendant suivant un second axe (B-B'), et débouchant en un point (74) en regard d'une surface dudit rail (13) et/ou de ladite roue (33A ; 33B) ;
- des premiers moyens de soufflage (75), reliés audit canal (73) pour accélérer le matériau (27) à travers le canal de guidage (73), les premiers moyens de soufflage (75) étant reliés à une source (59) de fluide sous pression ;
- Véhicule ferroviaire (11) selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif (21A ; 21B) de nettoyage est adapté pour projeter le matériau de manière directe uniquement sur la roue (33A).
- Véhicule ferroviaire (11) selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'angle (α ; β) formé par les premier et second axes (A-A' ; B-B'), est supérieur à 45°, le dispositif (21A ; 21B) de nettoyage étant adapté pour projeter le matériau à l'avant du point de contact (81) entre la roue (33A) et le rail (13) et pour conférer au matériau (27) une énergie cinétique suffisante pour provoquer le décapage par abrasion du rail (13).
- Véhicule ferroviaire (11) selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que l'angle (α ; β) formé par les premier et second axes (A-A' ; B-B'), est compris entre 45° et 90°.
- Véhicule ferroviaire (11) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 3 à 4, caractérisé en ce que ledit angle (α) est sensiblement égal à 60°.
- Véhicule ferroviaire (11) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 3 à 4, caractérisé en ce que ledit angle (β) est sensiblement égal à 90°.
- Véhicule (11) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 3 à 6, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif (21A) est adapté pour que la distance entre l'espace de projection du matériau abrasif sur le rail (13) et le point de contact (81) entre la roue (33A) et le rail (13) soit supérieure à la moitié du rayon de la roue (33A) afin de projeter une portion du matériau abrasif vers une surface avant (83) de la roue (33A) par ricochet sur le rail (13).
- Véhicule ferroviaire (11) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif (21A ; 21B) de nettoyage comprend en outre des seconds moyens de soufflage (57), reliés à la conduite d'amenée (29) en amont de l'organe d'éjection (31).
- Véhicule ferroviaire (11) selon la revendication 8, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif (21A; 21B) de nettoyage comprend en outre un organe d'accélération (45), disposé sur la conduite (29) au voisinage du réservoir (25), lesdits seconds moyens de soufflage (57) débouchant dans l'organe d'accélération (45).
- Véhicule ferroviaire (11) selon l'une des revendications 8 ou 9, caractérisé en ce que les premiers et seconds moyens de soufflage (75, 57) sont reliés à la source (59) de fluide sous pression, délivrant un fluide à une pression supérieure à 4 bars.
- Véhicule ferroviaire (11) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'un détendeur (61) est monté en aval de la source de fluide sous pression (59) pour commander la pression de fluide délivré en aval du détendeur (61) en fonction de la vitesse du véhicule.
- Véhicule ferroviaire (11) selon l'une des revendication 10 ou 11, caractérisé en ce que ladite pression est comprise entre 6 et 9 bars lorsque la vitesse du véhicule est supérieure à une vitesse déterminée.
- Véhicule ferroviaire (11) selon la revendication 12, caractérisé en ce que ladite vitesse déterminée est sensiblement égale à 50km/h.
- Véhicule ferroviaire (11) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le matériau abrasif (27) est projeté dans un espace sensiblement délimité par un cône, l'angle au sommet de ce cône, pris suivant une section méridienne étant supérieur à 30°.
- Véhicule ferroviaire (11) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le matériau abrasif (27) est constitué par des particules de sable de diamètre moyen compris entre 1 mm et 3 mm.
- Véhicule ferroviaire (11) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend au moins deux dispositifs (21A, 21B) de nettoyage reliés à une source (59) commune de fluide sous pression.
- Véhicule ferroviaire (11) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de nettoyage est adapté pour projeter par ricochet une faible quantité de matériau (27) entre la roue (33A ; 33B) et le rail (13) au voisinage du point de contact (81) entre la roue (33A ; 33B) et le rail (13).
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR0314163A FR2862934B1 (fr) | 2003-12-02 | 2003-12-02 | Dispositif de nettoyage d'un rail, et/ou d'une roue d'un vehicule supportee par le rail et vehicule ferroviaire associe |
| FR0314163 | 2003-12-02 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1538055A1 true EP1538055A1 (fr) | 2005-06-08 |
| EP1538055B1 EP1538055B1 (fr) | 2009-03-25 |
Family
ID=34451712
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP04292862A Expired - Lifetime EP1538055B1 (fr) | 2003-12-02 | 2004-12-02 | Véhicule ferroviaire, destiné à circuler sur deux rails parallèles |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP1538055B1 (fr) |
| AT (1) | ATE426536T1 (fr) |
| DE (1) | DE602004020171D1 (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR2862934B1 (fr) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2008061650A1 (fr) * | 2006-11-24 | 2008-05-29 | Goldmann, Norbert | Équipement de commande de quantités de sable pour des véhicules ferroviaires |
| CN111712421A (zh) * | 2018-02-15 | 2020-09-25 | 西门子交通有限公司 | 用于轨道交通工具的具有分配元件的铺洒剂装置 |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102012005617A1 (de) * | 2012-02-14 | 2013-08-14 | Knorr-Bremse Systeme für Schienenfahrzeuge GmbH | Endstück für eine Partikelstreuanlage für ein Schienenfahrzeug |
| CN103625479B (zh) * | 2013-11-11 | 2016-01-20 | 北车建设工程有限责任公司 | 一种轨道车辆加砂设备 |
| CN112319519B (zh) * | 2020-11-13 | 2022-05-13 | 中车株洲电力机车有限公司 | 一种机车撒砂控制系统及控制方法 |
| FR3139102A1 (fr) * | 2022-08-29 | 2024-03-01 | Alstom Holdings | Sablière de véhicule ferroviaire, ensemble et véhicule ferroviaire associés |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB575051A (en) * | 1944-02-23 | 1946-01-31 | London And North Eastern Railw | Improvements in track sanding apparatus for steam locomotives and other power-propelled vehicles |
| US2606780A (en) * | 1950-11-07 | 1952-08-12 | Tobias J Loftus | Sand pipe dispensing nozzle |
| GB1380872A (en) * | 1972-02-17 | 1975-01-15 | Knorr Bremse Gmbh | Sand-jetting device |
| EP0217636A2 (fr) | 1985-09-30 | 1987-04-08 | Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha | Procédé et dispositif pour améliorer l'adhésion des véhicules ferroviaires |
-
2003
- 2003-12-02 FR FR0314163A patent/FR2862934B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2004
- 2004-12-02 EP EP04292862A patent/EP1538055B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2004-12-02 DE DE602004020171T patent/DE602004020171D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2004-12-02 AT AT04292862T patent/ATE426536T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB575051A (en) * | 1944-02-23 | 1946-01-31 | London And North Eastern Railw | Improvements in track sanding apparatus for steam locomotives and other power-propelled vehicles |
| US2606780A (en) * | 1950-11-07 | 1952-08-12 | Tobias J Loftus | Sand pipe dispensing nozzle |
| GB1380872A (en) * | 1972-02-17 | 1975-01-15 | Knorr Bremse Gmbh | Sand-jetting device |
| EP0217636A2 (fr) | 1985-09-30 | 1987-04-08 | Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha | Procédé et dispositif pour améliorer l'adhésion des véhicules ferroviaires |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2008061650A1 (fr) * | 2006-11-24 | 2008-05-29 | Goldmann, Norbert | Équipement de commande de quantités de sable pour des véhicules ferroviaires |
| CN111712421A (zh) * | 2018-02-15 | 2020-09-25 | 西门子交通有限公司 | 用于轨道交通工具的具有分配元件的铺洒剂装置 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP1538055B1 (fr) | 2009-03-25 |
| FR2862934A1 (fr) | 2005-06-03 |
| ATE426536T1 (de) | 2009-04-15 |
| DE602004020171D1 (de) | 2009-05-07 |
| FR2862934B1 (fr) | 2006-05-05 |
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