EP1536995A1 - Electromagnetic valve - Google Patents

Electromagnetic valve

Info

Publication number
EP1536995A1
EP1536995A1 EP03790852A EP03790852A EP1536995A1 EP 1536995 A1 EP1536995 A1 EP 1536995A1 EP 03790852 A EP03790852 A EP 03790852A EP 03790852 A EP03790852 A EP 03790852A EP 1536995 A1 EP1536995 A1 EP 1536995A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
valve
closing member
pressure
valve closing
electromagnetic
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP03790852A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Frank Trautmann
Dirk Dobberan
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Continental Teves AG and Co OHG
Original Assignee
Continental Teves AG and Co OHG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE10300414A external-priority patent/DE10300414A1/en
Application filed by Continental Teves AG and Co OHG filed Critical Continental Teves AG and Co OHG
Publication of EP1536995A1 publication Critical patent/EP1536995A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T8/00—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force
    • B60T8/32—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force responsive to a speed condition, e.g. acceleration or deceleration
    • B60T8/34—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force responsive to a speed condition, e.g. acceleration or deceleration having a fluid pressure regulator responsive to a speed condition
    • B60T8/36—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force responsive to a speed condition, e.g. acceleration or deceleration having a fluid pressure regulator responsive to a speed condition including a pilot valve responding to an electromagnetic force
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T8/00—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force
    • B60T8/32—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force responsive to a speed condition, e.g. acceleration or deceleration
    • B60T8/34—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force responsive to a speed condition, e.g. acceleration or deceleration having a fluid pressure regulator responsive to a speed condition
    • B60T8/36—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force responsive to a speed condition, e.g. acceleration or deceleration having a fluid pressure regulator responsive to a speed condition including a pilot valve responding to an electromagnetic force
    • B60T8/3615—Electromagnetic valves specially adapted for anti-lock brake and traction control systems
    • B60T8/363—Electromagnetic valves specially adapted for anti-lock brake and traction control systems in hydraulic systems
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T8/00—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force
    • B60T8/32—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force responsive to a speed condition, e.g. acceleration or deceleration
    • B60T8/34—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force responsive to a speed condition, e.g. acceleration or deceleration having a fluid pressure regulator responsive to a speed condition
    • B60T8/42—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force responsive to a speed condition, e.g. acceleration or deceleration having a fluid pressure regulator responsive to a speed condition having expanding chambers for controlling pressure, i.e. closed systems
    • B60T8/4275—Pump-back systems
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K29/00—Arrangements for movement of valve members other than for opening and closing the valve, e.g. for grinding-in, for preventing sticking
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K31/00—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices
    • F16K31/02—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic
    • F16K31/06—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic using a magnet, e.g. diaphragm valves, cutting off by means of a liquid
    • F16K31/0686—Braking, pressure equilibration, shock absorbing
    • F16K31/0693—Pressure equilibration of the armature
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T137/00—Fluid handling
    • Y10T137/4238—With cleaner, lubrication added to fluid or liquid sealing at valve interface
    • Y10T137/4245—Cleaning or steam sterilizing
    • Y10T137/4273—Mechanical cleaning

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an electromagnetic valve according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Proportionalized solenoid valves are already known which, in contrast to conventional, binary-switching solenoid valves, are not actuated in a pulse-like manner, but instead have a damped, continuous movement of the valve closing element without generally exhausting the constructively possible overall stroke of the valve closing element.
  • This well-dosed, control-technically "soft” coordinated proportional operation cannot rule out the accumulation of dirt particles in the area of the valve seat and the valve closing element, which may impair both the operation of the solenoid valve and the system connected to it.
  • a solenoid valve of the proportional type becomes described for example in DE 196 538 95 AI.
  • FIG. 1 shows an overall view of a solenoid valve which is open in the normal position and is in the normally open position and which is designed as a two-way seat valve, with a cartridge-shaped valve housing 8 which has a spherically shaped valve closing element 9 on a stepped valve tappet 1.
  • the valve tappet 1 contacts a cylindrical magnet armature 10.
  • the valve closing element 9 is directed towards a tubular valve seat 2, while the magnet armature 10 faces the magnetic core 11 integrated in the valve housing 8.
  • a sleeve 12, preferably manufactured using the deep-drawing process, is fastened to the magnetic core 11, in which the armature 10 can align and move axially.
  • a valve coil 13 is arranged on the circumference of the sleeve 12 and is embedded between a yoke plate 16 and a magnetic disk 17.
  • the magnet armature 10 arrives in the direction of the magnetic core 11 during the energization of the valve coil 13, so that the valve closing member 9 formed on the valve tappet 1 counteracts the action of a valve spring 4 arranged between the valve tappet 1 and the valve seat 2 which is open in the basic position Pressure medium connection between a pressure medium inlet and a pressure medium outlet channel 14, 15 is continuously reduced.
  • valve seat body 2 and the valve body In order to be able to maintain a proportional control, a defined geometric design of the valve seat body 2 and the valve body is required in the present exemplary embodiment. 1.
  • the valve closing member 9 on the valve tappet 1 has a preferably spherical contour with a diameter of 1.8 to 2.2 millimeters. This corresponds to a sealing diameter on the valve seat of 0.9 to 1.1 millimeters.
  • the valve seat angle is 120 degrees. Compliance with the aforementioned dimensions and the purity of the components is therefore of particular importance.
  • the electromagnetic valve is provided as an inlet valve for use in slip-controlled motor vehicle brake systems, the valve closing member 9 of which is lifted from the valve seat body 2 in the basic position by means of the valve spring 4 arranged between the valve tappet 1 and the valve seat body 2.
  • valve coil 13 can be controlled with an electric current such that the valve closing member 9 hits the valve seat 2 with a sufficiently large impulse force outside of the proportional actuation .
  • the power of the electric current is to be dimensioned in such a way that the valve closing member 9 executes its maximum stroke in a pulsed manner and hits the valve seat 2 with a corresponding strength.
  • the power selection of the electric current is made as a function of the degree of contamination, that is to say essentially according to the amount of the deposit, which influences the pressure profile within the valve. Therefore, to remove dirt deposits on the valve seat 2 and / or on the valve closing member 9 at intervals in which there is no proportional valve actuation, the valve coil 9 is supplied with a sufficiently high current which causes the normally inactive valve closing member 9 to impinge on the valve seat 2 continuously or discontinuously with an impulse force which destroys the deposits.
  • This measure is particularly effective when the fluid pressure at the valve closing element 9 is a minimum, so that the valve closing element 9 strikes the valve seat 2 with the maximum stroke and the maximum speed with the lowest hydraulic resistance. Even the most stubborn dirt deposits can be removed from the valve seat 2 as well as from the valve closing member 9 and, if necessary, removed by repeating the measure described above several times.
  • Rinsing of loosened dirt deposits from the area of valve seat 2 and valve closing member 9 is best carried out in time phases in which the fluid pressure in the valve is a maximum.
  • the valve closing member 9 is then switched to a position in which it releases the maximum cross section of the valve opening for the purpose of optimum flushing action.
  • valve spool 9 is actuated with the impulse force releasing the dirt deposits at the latest when a leak occurs in the valve closed position.
  • means are provided which, in the closed valve position, detect the pressure of the fluid upstream and downstream of the valve closing member 9 or valve seat 2. From the measurement of the hydraulic pressure, it can be concluded that the pressure change is representative of the valve leakage.
  • Pressure sensors 6 are arranged upstream and downstream of the valve closing element 9, which are connected to an electronic controller 20 which controls the valve coil 13 in order to evaluate the pressure sensor signals representative of the pressure change at the valve closing element 9.
  • a pressure model is stored in the electronic controller 20, which enables a comparison of the target pressure with the impermissible pressure deviation due to the valve contamination, for which purpose the controller 20 is provided with a suitable evaluation circuit.
  • a tandem master cylinder is connected to the pressure medium inlet channel 14 of the electromagnetic valve shown in FIG. 1 as the brake pressure transmitter 3.
  • the pressure medium outlet channel 15 of the electromagnetic valve connects to a wheel brake 5.
  • a return line provided with an outlet valve 7, which according to the return principle is provided with a low-pressure accumulator 18 and a pump 19.
  • the return line is connected to the pressure medium inlet channel 14.
  • the hydraulic circuit shown is of a fundamental nature and serves for general explanation. Deviations from this are possible.
  • the electromagnetic valve is operated in principle in a brake pressure control by a proportional or analog control method programmed in the controller 20, so that it is sensitive to the pressure metering by means of different control currents releases the desired valve cross section.
  • the solenoid valve is in accordance with the diagram shown inserted into a brake pressure line of a slip-controlled motor vehicle brake system that connects the brake pressure transmitter 3 to the wheel brake 5, so that, as an alternative to pressure sensing by means of the pressure sensors 6, suitable software can be used to detect the valve leakage by means of a corresponding pressure model in the controller 20.
  • the pressure model takes into account the change in pressure in the wheel brake 5 and in the brake pressure transmitter 3 as a result of the leakage. Under certain conditions, the pressure sensor system can be dispensed with by using a pressure model.
  • the pressure model representative of the changed pressure curve in the wheel brake 5 is calculated depending on the vehicle and brake-specific parameters. This includes information on the vehicle deceleration, the upstream pressure in the brake pressure sensor, and the brake pressure build-up and brake pressure reduction characteristics depending on the deposits in the valve. For example, the print model takes into account the change in the brake pressure build-up gradient in the event of deposits in the valve.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Magnetically Actuated Valves (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to an electromagnetic valve whose valve coil (13) can be controlled by an electric current in order to remove valve seat deposits and valve closing member deposits such that the valve closing member (9) impinges upon the valve seat (2) with a defined impulse force.

Description

ElektromagnetventilSolenoid valve
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Elektromagnetventil nach dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 1.The invention relates to an electromagnetic valve according to the preamble of claim 1.
Es sind bereits proportionalisierte Elektromagnetventile bekannt, die im Gegensatz zu herkömmlichen, binär schaltenden Elektromagnetventilen nicht impulsartig betätigt werden, sondern eine gedämpfte, kontinuierliche Bewegung des Ventilschließgliedes aufweisen, ohne in der Regel den konstruktiv möglichen Gesamthub des Ventilschließgliedes auszuschöpfen. Durch diesen wohl dosierten, regelungstechnisch „weich" abgestimmten Proportionalbetrieb kann nicht ausgeschlossen werden, dass sich im Bereich des Ventilsitzes und des Ventilschließgliedes Schmutzpartikel anlagern, die sowohl den Betrieb des Elektromagnetventils als auch der daran angeschlossenen Anlage unter Umständen beeinträchtigen. Ein Elektromagnetventil der proportionalen Bauart wird beispielsweise in der DE 196 538 95 AI beschrieben.Proportionalized solenoid valves are already known which, in contrast to conventional, binary-switching solenoid valves, are not actuated in a pulse-like manner, but instead have a damped, continuous movement of the valve closing element without generally exhausting the constructively possible overall stroke of the valve closing element. This well-dosed, control-technically "soft" coordinated proportional operation cannot rule out the accumulation of dirt particles in the area of the valve seat and the valve closing element, which may impair both the operation of the solenoid valve and the system connected to it. A solenoid valve of the proportional type becomes described for example in DE 196 538 95 AI.
Daher ist es die Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung, ein proportional betätigtes Elektromagnetventil der gattungsbildenden Art unter Beibehaltung eines möglichst einfachen Aufbaus derart zu verbessern, dass vorgenannte Nachteile vermieden werden.It is therefore the object of the present invention to improve a proportional actuated solenoid valve of the generic type while maintaining the simplest possible construction in such a way that the aforementioned disadvantages are avoided.
Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß für ein Elektromagnetventil der angegebenen Art mit den kennzeichnenden Merkmalen des Patentanspruchs 1 gelöst. Weitere Merkmale, Vorteile und Anwendungsmöglichkeiten der Erfindung werden im nachfolgenden anhand der Beschreibung eines Ausführungsbeispiels erläutert.This object is achieved for an electromagnetic valve of the type specified with the characterizing features of claim 1. Further features, advantages and possible uses of the invention are explained below on the basis of the description of an exemplary embodiment.
Die Figur 1 zeigt eine Gesamtansicht eines in Grundstellung stromlos geöffneten, proportional ansteuerbares Elektromagnetventil, das als Zweiwege-Sitzventil ausgeführt ist, mit einem patronenförmigen Ventilgehäuse 8, das an einem gestuften Ventilstößel 1 ein ballig geformtes Ventilschließglied 9 aufweist. Auf der gegenüberliegenden Stirnseite des Ventilschließgliedes 9 kontaktiert der Ventilstößel 1 einen zylindrischen Magnetanker 10. Das Ventilschließglied 9 ist auf einen rohrförmigen Ventilsitz 2 gerichtet, während der Magnetanker 10 dem im Ventilgehäuse 8 integrierten Magnetkern 11 zugewandt ist. An dem Magnetkern 11 ist eine vorzugsweise im Tiefziehverfahren hergestellte Hülse 12 befestigt, in der sich der Magnetanker 10 ausrichten und axial bewegen kann. Am Umfang der Hülse 12 ist eine Ventilspule 13 angeordnet, die zwischen einem Jochblech 16 und einer Magnetscheibe 17 eingebettet ist.FIG. 1 shows an overall view of a solenoid valve which is open in the normal position and is in the normally open position and which is designed as a two-way seat valve, with a cartridge-shaped valve housing 8 which has a spherically shaped valve closing element 9 on a stepped valve tappet 1. On the opposite end face of the valve closing element 9, the valve tappet 1 contacts a cylindrical magnet armature 10. The valve closing element 9 is directed towards a tubular valve seat 2, while the magnet armature 10 faces the magnetic core 11 integrated in the valve housing 8. A sleeve 12, preferably manufactured using the deep-drawing process, is fastened to the magnetic core 11, in which the armature 10 can align and move axially. A valve coil 13 is arranged on the circumference of the sleeve 12 and is embedded between a yoke plate 16 and a magnetic disk 17.
Auf an sich bekannte Weise gelangt der Magnetanker 10 während der Bestromung der Ventilspule 13 in Richtung des Magnetkerns 11, so dass das am Ventilstößel 1 angeformte Ventilschließglied 9 entgegen der Wirkung einer zwischen dem Ventilstößel 1 und dem Ventilsitz 2 angeordneten Ventilfeder 4 die in der Grundstellung offene Druckmittelverbindung zwischen einem Druckmitteleinlass- und einem Druckmittelaus- lasskanal 14, 15 stetig verkleinert.In a manner known per se, the magnet armature 10 arrives in the direction of the magnetic core 11 during the energization of the valve coil 13, so that the valve closing member 9 formed on the valve tappet 1 counteracts the action of a valve spring 4 arranged between the valve tappet 1 and the valve seat 2 which is open in the basic position Pressure medium connection between a pressure medium inlet and a pressure medium outlet channel 14, 15 is continuously reduced.
Um eine Proportionalregelung einhalten zu können, bedarf es in vorliegendem Ausführungsbeispiel einer definierten geometrischen Auslegung des Ventilsitzkörpers 2 und des Ventil- stößeis 1. Das Ventilschließglied 9 am Ventilstößel 1 weist hierzu eine vorzugsweise kugelförmige Kontur auf mit einem Durchmesser von 1,8 bis 2,2 Millimeter. Dies entspricht einem Dichtdurchmesser am Ventilsitz von 0,9 bis 1,1 Millimeter. Der Ventilsitzwinkel beträgt hierbei 120 Grad. Die Einhaltung vorgenannter Maße und die Reinheit der Bauteile ist daher von besonderer Bedeutung.In order to be able to maintain a proportional control, a defined geometric design of the valve seat body 2 and the valve body is required in the present exemplary embodiment. 1. The valve closing member 9 on the valve tappet 1 has a preferably spherical contour with a diameter of 1.8 to 2.2 millimeters. This corresponds to a sealing diameter on the valve seat of 0.9 to 1.1 millimeters. The valve seat angle is 120 degrees. Compliance with the aforementioned dimensions and the purity of the components is therefore of particular importance.
Das Elektromagnetventil ist als Einlassventil für den Einsatz in schlupfgeregelten Kraftfahrzeugbremsanlagen vorgesehen, dessen Ventilschließglied 9 in der Grundstellung mittels der zwischen dem Ventilstößel 1 und dem Ventilsitzkörper 2 angeordneten Ventilfeder 4 vom Ventilsitzkörper 2 abgehoben ist.The electromagnetic valve is provided as an inlet valve for use in slip-controlled motor vehicle brake systems, the valve closing member 9 of which is lifted from the valve seat body 2 in the basic position by means of the valve spring 4 arranged between the valve tappet 1 and the valve seat body 2.
Das besondere dabei ist, dass zur Reduzierung oder auch zur Vermeidung von Ablagerungen am Ventilsitz 2 und am Ventilschließglied 9 die Ventilspule 13 mit einem elektrischen Strom derart ansteuerbar ist, dass das Ventilschließglied 9 außerhalb der proportionalen Betätigung mit einer hinreichend großen Impulskraft auf dem Ventilsitz 2 aufschlägt. Hierzu ist die Leistung des elektrischen Stroms derart zu bemessen, dass das Ventilschließglied 9 impulsartig seinen Maximalhub vollzieht und mit entsprechender Stärke auf den Ventilsitz 2 aufschlägt.The special feature here is that, in order to reduce or also to avoid deposits on the valve seat 2 and on the valve closing member 9, the valve coil 13 can be controlled with an electric current such that the valve closing member 9 hits the valve seat 2 with a sufficiently large impulse force outside of the proportional actuation , For this purpose, the power of the electric current is to be dimensioned in such a way that the valve closing member 9 executes its maximum stroke in a pulsed manner and hits the valve seat 2 with a corresponding strength.
Zur Beseitigung der am Ventilschließglied 9 und am Ventilsitz 2 angelagerten Schmutzpartikel erfolgt die Leistungsauswahl des elektrischen Stroms in Abhängigkeit des Verschmutzungsgrads, d.h. im wesentlichen nach der Menge der Ablagerung, die Einfluss auf den Druckverlauf innerhalb des Ventils nimmt. Zur Beseitigung von Schmutzablagerungen am Ventilsitz 2 und/oder am Ventilschließglied 9 wird deshalb in Zeitabständen, in denen keine proportionale Ventilbetätigung erfolgt, die Ventilspule 9 mit einem ausreichend hohen Strom beaufschlagt, der das normalerweise inaktive Ventilschließglied 9 mit einer die Ablagerungen zerstörenden Impulskraft kontinuierlich oder diskontinuierlich auf dem Ventilsitz 2 auftreffen lässt. Besonders effektiv ist diese Maßnahme gerade dann, wenn der Fluiddruck am Ventilschließglied 9 ein Minimum ist, so dass bei geringstem hydraulischen Widerstand das Ventilschließglied 9 mit dem Maximalhub und der Maximalgeschwindigkeit auf den Ventilsitz 2 aufschlägt. Auch hartnäckigste Schmutzablagerungen lassen sich auf diese Weise vom Ventilsitz 2 als auch vom Ventilschließglied 9 ablösen und falls erforderlich auch durch mehrmaliges Wiederholen der vorbeschriebenen Maßnahme entfernen.To remove the dirt particles attached to the valve closing member 9 and the valve seat 2, the power selection of the electric current is made as a function of the degree of contamination, that is to say essentially according to the amount of the deposit, which influences the pressure profile within the valve. Therefore, to remove dirt deposits on the valve seat 2 and / or on the valve closing member 9 at intervals in which there is no proportional valve actuation, the valve coil 9 is supplied with a sufficiently high current which causes the normally inactive valve closing member 9 to impinge on the valve seat 2 continuously or discontinuously with an impulse force which destroys the deposits. This measure is particularly effective when the fluid pressure at the valve closing element 9 is a minimum, so that the valve closing element 9 strikes the valve seat 2 with the maximum stroke and the maximum speed with the lowest hydraulic resistance. Even the most stubborn dirt deposits can be removed from the valve seat 2 as well as from the valve closing member 9 and, if necessary, removed by repeating the measure described above several times.
Das Ausspülen von gelösten Schmutzablagerungen aus dem Bereich von Ventilsitz 2 und Ventilschließglied 9 erfolgt am besten in Zeitphasen, in denen der Fluiddruck im Ventil ein Maximum ist. Das Ventilschließglied 9 ist dann zwecks optimaler Spülwirkung in eine Stellung geschaltet, in der es den maximalen Ventilöffnungsquerschnitt freigibt.Rinsing of loosened dirt deposits from the area of valve seat 2 and valve closing member 9 is best carried out in time phases in which the fluid pressure in the valve is a maximum. The valve closing member 9 is then switched to a position in which it releases the maximum cross section of the valve opening for the purpose of optimum flushing action.
Zur Beseitigung der Ablagerungen am Ventilsitz 2 und/oder am Ventilschließglied 9 erfolgt die Ansteuerung der Ventilspule 9 mit der die Schmutzablagerungen lösenden Impulskraft spätestens dann, wenn in der Ventilschließstellung eine Leckage auftritt. Zur Erfassung der Ventilleckage zwischen dem Ventilsitz 2 und dem Ventilschließglied 9 sind Mittel vorgesehen, die in der geschlossenen Ventilstellung den Druck des Fluids stromauf- und stromabwärts zum Ventilschließglied 9 bzw. Ventilsitz 2 erfassen. Aus der Messung des hydraulischen Drucks kann auf einen für die Ventilleckage repräsentativen Druckveränderung geschlossen werden. Als Messmittel sind Drucksensoren 6 stromauf- und stromabwärts zum Ventilschließglied 9 angeordnet, die zur Auswertung der für die Druckveränderung am Ventilschließglied 9 repräsentativen Drucksensorsignale mit einem die Ventilspule 13 ansteuernden elektronischen Regler 20 verbunden sind. In dem elektronischen Regler 20 ist ein Druckmodell abgelegt, das ein Vergleich des Solldrucks mit der unzulässigen Druckabweichung infolge der Ventilverschmutzung ermöglicht, wozu der Regler 20 mit einer geeigneten Auswerteschaltung versehen ist.To remove the deposits on the valve seat 2 and / or on the valve closing member 9, the valve spool 9 is actuated with the impulse force releasing the dirt deposits at the latest when a leak occurs in the valve closed position. To detect the valve leakage between the valve seat 2 and the valve closing member 9, means are provided which, in the closed valve position, detect the pressure of the fluid upstream and downstream of the valve closing member 9 or valve seat 2. From the measurement of the hydraulic pressure, it can be concluded that the pressure change is representative of the valve leakage. As a measuring device Pressure sensors 6 are arranged upstream and downstream of the valve closing element 9, which are connected to an electronic controller 20 which controls the valve coil 13 in order to evaluate the pressure sensor signals representative of the pressure change at the valve closing element 9. A pressure model is stored in the electronic controller 20, which enables a comparison of the target pressure with the impermissible pressure deviation due to the valve contamination, for which purpose the controller 20 is provided with a suitable evaluation circuit.
An den Druckmitteleinlasskanal 14 des in Figur 1 abgebildeten Elektromagnetventils ist als Bremsdruckgeber 3 ein Tandemhauptzylinder angeschlossen. Auf Höhe der Ventilfeder 4 schließt sich der Druckmittelauslasskanal 15 des Elektromagnetventils an eine Radbremse 5 an. An diese zur Radbremse 5 führende Druckmittelverbindung ist eine mit einem Auslassventil 7 versehene Rücklaufleitung angeschlossen, die gemäß dem Rückförderprinzip mit einem Niederdruckspeicher 18 und einer Pumpe 19 versehen ist. Die Rücklaufleitung ist mit dem Druckmitteleinlasskanal 14 verbunden. Die abgebildete Hydraulikschaltung ist von prinzipieller Natur und dient zur allgemeinen Erläuterung. Abweichungen sind hiervon möglich.A tandem master cylinder is connected to the pressure medium inlet channel 14 of the electromagnetic valve shown in FIG. 1 as the brake pressure transmitter 3. At the level of the valve spring 4, the pressure medium outlet channel 15 of the electromagnetic valve connects to a wheel brake 5. To this pressure medium connection leading to the wheel brake 5 is connected a return line provided with an outlet valve 7, which according to the return principle is provided with a low-pressure accumulator 18 and a pump 19. The return line is connected to the pressure medium inlet channel 14. The hydraulic circuit shown is of a fundamental nature and serves for general explanation. Deviations from this are possible.
Ausgehend vom elektrisch unbestromten Zustand der Ventilspule 13, in dem das Elektromagnetventil abbildungsgemäß zunächst voll geöffnet ist, wird das Elektromagnetventil prinzipiell in einer Bremsdruckregelung durch ein im Regler 20 programmiertes proportionales bzw. analoges Ansteuerverfahren betrieben, so dass es zur Druckdosierung mittels unterschiedlicher Steuerströme feinfühlig den jeweils gewünschten Ventilquerschnitt freigibt.Starting from the electrically de-energized state of the valve coil 13, in which the electromagnetic valve is initially fully open in the illustration, the electromagnetic valve is operated in principle in a brake pressure control by a proportional or analog control method programmed in the controller 20, so that it is sensitive to the pressure metering by means of different control currents releases the desired valve cross section.
Das Elektromagnetventil ist gemäß dem dargestellten Schema in eine den Bremsdruckgeber 3 mit der Radbremse 5 verbindenden Bremsdruckleitung einer schlupfgeregelten Kraftfahrzeugbremsanlage eingesetzt, so dass alternativ zur Drucksensie- rung mittels der Drucksensoren 6 durch geeignete Software die Ventilleckage durch ein entsprechendes Druckmodell im Regler 20 erfasst werden kann. Das Druckmodell berücksichtigt den durch die Leckage veränderten Druckverlauf in der Radbremse 5 und im Bremsdruckgeber 3. Durch die Verwendung eines Druckmodells kann unter bestimmten Voraussetzungen auf die Drucksensorik verzichtet werden.The solenoid valve is in accordance with the diagram shown inserted into a brake pressure line of a slip-controlled motor vehicle brake system that connects the brake pressure transmitter 3 to the wheel brake 5, so that, as an alternative to pressure sensing by means of the pressure sensors 6, suitable software can be used to detect the valve leakage by means of a corresponding pressure model in the controller 20. The pressure model takes into account the change in pressure in the wheel brake 5 and in the brake pressure transmitter 3 as a result of the leakage. Under certain conditions, the pressure sensor system can be dispensed with by using a pressure model.
Die Berechnung des für den veränderten Druckverlauf in der Radbremse 5 repräsentativen Druckmodells erfolgt abhängig von den fahrzeug- und bremsspezifischen Kenngrößen. Dazu gehören Angaben zur Fahrzeugverzögerung, zum Vordruck im Bremsdruckgeber, sowie die Bremsdruckaufbau- und Bremsdruckabbaucharakteristik in Abhängigkeit der Ablagerungserscheinungen im Ventil. Beispielsweise berücksichtigt das Druckmodell u.a. die Veränderung des Bremsdruck-Aufbaugradienten im Falle von Ablagerungen im Ventil.The pressure model representative of the changed pressure curve in the wheel brake 5 is calculated depending on the vehicle and brake-specific parameters. This includes information on the vehicle deceleration, the upstream pressure in the brake pressure sensor, and the brake pressure build-up and brake pressure reduction characteristics depending on the deposits in the valve. For example, the print model takes into account the change in the brake pressure build-up gradient in the event of deposits in the valve.
Obwohl die Erfindung bisher lediglich anhand eines in Grundstellung geöffneten Proportional-Elektromagnetventils dargestellt wurde, gelten die hierzu getroffenen Aussagen ebenso für in Grundstellung geschlossene, proportional ansteuerbare Elektromagnetventile, so dass die vorgestellte Erfindung in der Konsequenz auch auf das in der Figur 1 abgebildete Auslassventil 7 eine Anwendung findet. - 7 -Although the invention has so far only been illustrated on the basis of a proportional solenoid valve which is open in the basic position, the statements made in this regard also apply to closed, proportionally controllable solenoid valves, so that the presented invention consequently also applies to the outlet valve 7 shown in FIG. 1 Application. - 7 -
BezugszeichenlisteLIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS
1 Ventilstößel1 valve lifter
2 Ventilsitz2 valve seat
3 Bremsdruckgeber3 brake pressure sensors
4 Ventilfeder4 valve spring
5 Radbremse5 wheel brake
6 Drucksensor6 pressure sensor
7 Auslassventil7 exhaust valve
8 Ventilgehäuse8 valve housing
9 Ventilschließglied9 valve closing member
10 Magnetanker10 magnetic anchors
11 Magnetkern11 magnetic core
12 Hülse12 sleeve
13 Magnetspule13 solenoid
14 Druckmitteleinlasskanal14 pressure medium inlet duct
15 Druckmittelauslasskanal15 pressure medium outlet channel
16 Jochblech16 yoke sheet
17 Magnetscheibe17 magnetic disc
18 Niederdruckspeicher18 low pressure accumulators
19 Pumpe19 pump
20 Regler 20 controllers

Claims

2004/020263- 8 -Patentansprüche 2004 / 020263- 8 -patent claims
1. Elektromagnetventil, insbesondere für Kraftfahrzeug- Radschlupfregelsysteme, mit einem Ventilgehäuse, in dem ein Ventilschließglied beweglich geführt ist, mit einem Magnetanker, der zur proportionalen Betätigung des Ventilschließgliedes in Abhängigkeit von der elektromagnetischen Erregung einer am Ventilgehäuse angebrachte Ventilspule eine Hubbewegung in Richtung eines im Ventilgehäuse angeordneten Magnetkerns vollzieht sowie mit einer Feder, die in der elektromagnetisch nicht erregten Ventilstellung den Magnetanker in einem definierten Axialabstand vom Magnetkern positioniert, so dass der Magnetanker vom Magnetkern durch einen Zwischenraum getrennt ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Ventilspule (13) mit einem elektrischen Strom derart ansteuerbar ist, dass das Ventilschließglied (9) außerhalb der proportionalen Betätigung mit einer definierten Impulskraft auf dem Ventilsitz (2) anschlägt.1. Solenoid valve, in particular for motor vehicle wheel slip control systems, with a valve housing in which a valve closing member is movably guided, with a magnet armature which, for proportional actuation of the valve closing member as a function of the electromagnetic excitation of a valve coil attached to the valve housing, has a lifting movement in the direction of one in the valve housing arranged magnetic core and with a spring that positions the magnet armature at a defined axial distance from the magnet core in the electromagnetically non-energized valve position, so that the magnet armature is separated from the magnet core by a space, characterized in that the valve coil (13) with an electrical current can be controlled in such a way that the valve closing member (9) strikes the valve seat (2) with a defined impulse force outside the proportional actuation.
2. Elektromagnetventil nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Leistung des elektrischen Stroms derart bemessen ist, dass das Ventilschließglied (9) zum Anschlagen an dem Ventilsitz (2) seinen Maximalhub vollzieht.2. Solenoid valve according to claim 1, characterized in that the power of the electric current is dimensioned such that the valve closing member (9) for striking the valve seat (2) executes its maximum stroke.
3. Elektromagnetventil nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zur Beseitigung der am Ventilsitz (2) und/oder am Ventilschließglied (9) angelagerten Ventilverschmutzung die Leistung des elektrischen Stroms in Abhängigkeit des Verschmutzungsgrads variabel einstellbar ist. 3. Electromagnetic valve according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that to eliminate the valve contamination accumulated on the valve seat (2) and / or on the valve closing member (9), the power of the electrical current can be set variably as a function of the degree of contamination.
4. Elektromagnetventil nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass in Zeitphasen, in denen keine proportionale Ventilbetätigung erfolgt, die Ventilspule (13) mit einem Strom beaufschlagt ist, der das Ventilschließglied (9) zur Beseitigung von Schmutzablagerungen am Ventilsitz (2) und/oder am Ventilschließglied (9) mit einer definierten Impulskraft kontinuierlich oder diskontinuierlich auf dem Ventilsitz (2) auftreffen lässt.4. Electromagnetic valve according to claim 1, characterized in that in time phases in which there is no proportional valve actuation, the valve coil (13) is acted upon by a current which the valve closing member (9) for removing dirt deposits on the valve seat (2) and / or on the valve closing member (9) with a defined impulse force can hit the valve seat (2) continuously or discontinuously.
5. Elektromagnetventil nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass in Zeitphasen, in denen der Fluiddruck am Ventilschließglied (9) ein Minimum ist, die Ventilspule5. Electromagnetic valve according to claim 1, characterized in that in time phases in which the fluid pressure at the valve closing member (9) is a minimum, the valve coil
(13) mit einem Strom beaufschlagt ist, der das Ventilschließglied (9) mit dem Maximalhub und der Maximalgeschwindigkeit auf den Ventilsitz (2) auftreffen lässt, bis die am Ventilsitz (2) und/oder Ventilschließglied(13) is acted upon by a current which allows the valve closing member (9) to strike the valve seat (2) with the maximum stroke and the maximum speed until the valve seat (2) and / or valve closing member
(9) anhaftende Schmutzablagerungen gelöst sind.(9) adhering dirt deposits are loosened.
6. Elektromagnetventil nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zum Ausspülen von gelösten Schmutzablagerungen aus dem Bereich des Ventilsitzes (2) und/oder des Ventilschließgliedes (9) in Zeitphasen, in denen der Fluiddruck ein Maximum ist, das Ventilschließglied (9) in eine Stellung geschaltet ist, in der es den maximalen Ventilöffnungsquerschnitt freigibt .6. Electromagnetic valve according to claim 5, characterized in that for flushing out loosened dirt deposits from the area of the valve seat (2) and / or the valve closing member (9) in time phases in which the fluid pressure is a maximum, the valve closing member (9) in one Position is switched in which it releases the maximum valve opening cross section.
7. Elektromagnetventil nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass abhängig von einer in der Ventilschließstellung auftretenden Ventilleckage die Ansteuerung der Ventilspule (13) mit einer die Schmutzablagerung am Ventilsitz (2) und/oder am Ventilschließglied (9) lösenden Impulskraft erfolgt. 7. Electromagnetic valve according to claim 1, characterized in that depending on a valve leakage occurring in the valve closing position, the control of the valve coil (13) with a dirt deposit on the valve seat (2) and / or on the valve closing member (9) releasing impulse force.
8. Elektromagnetventil nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zur Erfassung der Ventilleckage zwischen dem Ventilsitz (2) und dem Ventilschließglied (9) Mittel vorgesehen sind, die in der geschlossenen Ventilstellung den Druck des Fluids stromauf- und stromabwärts zum Ventilschließglied (9) messen.8. Electromagnetic valve according to claim 7, characterized in that means are provided for detecting the valve leakage between the valve seat (2) and the valve closing member (9) which measure the pressure of the fluid upstream and downstream of the valve closing member (9) in the closed valve position ,
9. Elektromagnetventil nach Anspruch 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zur Erfassung des Drucks, insbesondere einer für die Ventilleckage repräsentativen Veränderung des Drucks, Drucksensoren (6) stromauf- und stromabwärts zum Ventilschließglied (9) angeordnet sind, die zur Auswertung der für die Druckänderungen am Ventilschließglied (9) repräsentativen Drucksensorsignale mit einem die Ventilspule (13) ansteuernden elektronischen Regler9. Electromagnetic valve according to claim 8, characterized in that for detecting the pressure, in particular a change in pressure representative of the valve leakage, pressure sensors (6) are arranged upstream and downstream of the valve closing member (9) which are used to evaluate the pressure changes on Valve closing element (9) representative pressure sensor signals with an electronic controller which controls the valve coil (13)
(20) verbunden sind, die eine Auswerteschaltung aufweist .(20) are connected, which has an evaluation circuit.
10. Elektromagnetventil nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zur Darstellung der in der geschlossenen Ventilstellung am Ventilschließglied (9) herrschenden hydraulischen Druckänderung in dem elektronischen Regler10. Electromagnetic valve according to claim 9, characterized in that to represent the hydraulic pressure change prevailing in the closed valve position on the valve closing member (9) in the electronic controller
(20) ein Kennfeld für ein Druckmodell abgelegt ist, das die für eine unzulässige Druckänderung notwendigen Druckabweichung vom Solldruck beinhaltet. (20) a map is stored for a pressure model, which contains the pressure deviation from the target pressure necessary for an impermissible pressure change.
EP03790852A 2002-08-27 2003-08-04 Electromagnetic valve Withdrawn EP1536995A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (5)

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DE10239124 2002-08-27
DE10239124 2002-08-27
DE10300414 2003-01-09
DE10300414A DE10300414A1 (en) 2002-08-27 2003-01-09 Solenoid valve
PCT/EP2003/008612 WO2004020263A1 (en) 2002-08-27 2003-08-04 Electromagnetic valve

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EP1536995A1 true EP1536995A1 (en) 2005-06-08

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JP4575170B2 (en) 2010-11-04
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WO2004020263A1 (en) 2004-03-11
US7165754B2 (en) 2007-01-23

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