EP1534087A1 - Niedrige energiediät - Google Patents

Niedrige energiediät

Info

Publication number
EP1534087A1
EP1534087A1 EP03732250A EP03732250A EP1534087A1 EP 1534087 A1 EP1534087 A1 EP 1534087A1 EP 03732250 A EP03732250 A EP 03732250A EP 03732250 A EP03732250 A EP 03732250A EP 1534087 A1 EP1534087 A1 EP 1534087A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
diet
energy
low
protein
diet according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP03732250A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Arne Astrup
Soren Toubro
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Dansk Droge AS
Original Assignee
Dansk Droge AS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Dansk Droge AS filed Critical Dansk Droge AS
Publication of EP1534087A1 publication Critical patent/EP1534087A1/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
    • A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
    • A23L33/20—Reducing nutritive value; Dietetic products with reduced nutritive value
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
    • A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
    • A23L33/30—Dietetic or nutritional methods, e.g. for losing weight

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a low-energy diet (LED) having effect on the basal metabolic rate, the protein metabolism and/or the energy expenditure.
  • LED low-energy diet
  • Low-energy-diets are known from the prior art, for example EP 425 423 presents a low-energy-diet wherein specific fat, carbohydrate and protein sources are used.
  • the low-energy-diets known either simply offer fewer calories than normal daily cost, or focus on one mechanism of losing weight.
  • the present invention relates to a low-energy-diet having several improvements in relation to prior art diets.
  • the present diet is capable of increasing satiety yet providing weight loss. Furthermore, the diet maintains fat-free body mass, increases the energy expenditure, re-loses or eliminates risk of iron deficiency, as well as magnesium and calcium deficiency.
  • the diet also prevents heart arrhythmias and gall stones.
  • the present invention relates to a low-energy-diet comprising as ingredients sources of
  • the low-energy-diet is in particular intended for use as the main or sole nutrition in the treatment of overweight, by for example replacing one or more, or all of the daily meals of an individual being obese. But the diet may of course also be used as a nutritional supplement.
  • the invention in another aspect relates to a method for treating overweight comprising administering to an individual in need thereof an effective amount of a low- energy-diet as defined above as the main or sole nutrition daily, in particular the low- energy-diet is suitable for treatment of severe overweight also called obesity.
  • overweight is defined as a Body mass Index > 25kg/m 2 .
  • severe overweight is defined as a body mass Index > 30 kg/m 2 .
  • the invention relates to the use of ingredients being sources of
  • SE Least Squares Means
  • daily amounts In the present context the amounts of ingredients in the low-energy- diet is given as daily doses, i.e. for example as mg/d. Since the low-energy-diet may be divided into two or more doses per day, the amount of the various ingredients are calculated on basis of the total low-energy-diet per day.
  • Low-energy-diets administered to treat overweight are often taken for a long period of time, and therefore it is of importance that basal metabolic rate as well as protein metabolism is only mildly affected by the diet, if at all effected, so that the metabolism is stabilised although an individual to lose weight administer the low-energy-diet as main or sole nutrition for weeks or months.
  • the ingredients having effect on the basal metabolic rate are capable of inhibiting the basal metabolic rate from decreasing.
  • the ingredients having effect on the protein metabolism are preferably capable of reducing protein degradation.
  • ingredients having effect on energy expenditure are preferably capable of increasing the energy expenditure.
  • the diet is a balance between offering sufficiently low amount of energy and at the same time offering satiety suffi- ciently high to maintain the individual losing weight to follow the instructions of the diet.
  • the diet preferably has an energy content in the range of from 600 kcal/d to 1200 kcal/d, such as an energy content of approximately 800 kcal/d.
  • Basal metabolic rate preferably has an energy content in the range of from 600 kcal/d to 1200 kcal/d, such as an energy content of approximately 800 kcal/d.
  • the normal response in the body is to lower the basal metabolic rate, due to the lower level of energy supply.
  • this normal reduction in the basal metabolic rate counteracts to some extent the effect of less energy intake. Accordingly, it is an object of the invention to prevent reduction in the basal metabolic rate.
  • this is accomplished by providing an iron content in the low- energy-diet, wherein said iron content is sufficient to prevent reduction in the basal metabolic rate, as discussed below.
  • Basal metabolic rate may be measured by indirect calometry either by a ventilated hood system or by use of respiration chambers.
  • the effect of an ingredient on the protein metabolism may be measured as the effect on the nitrogen metabolism, for example as described in Stanko et al. "Body composition, energy utilization, and nitrogen metabolism with a severely restricted diet supplemented with dihydroxyacetone and pyruvate", Am J Clin Nutr (1992) 55, 771 -6, hereby incorporated by reference.
  • the ingredient capable of reducing or eliminating the protein loss preferably is an ingredient capable of reducing the acidosis following ketosis, thereby reducing the protein degradation, and as effect affecting the protein metabolism.
  • the low-energy-diet according to the invention preferably comprises a pH-regulating agent in an amount sufficient to reduce protein degradation.
  • the pH-regulating agent is bicarbonate in an amount sufficient to reduce protein degradation, such as bicarbonate in an amount of from 50 mmol/d to 70 mmol/d.
  • the protein content of the low-energy diet is preferably given in the amounts recommended by the health authorities.
  • the protein source is preferably a source of proteins having a great bio-availability.
  • the source of protein is preferably selected from casein, pork protein, and/or soy protein.
  • the source of protein is soy protein.
  • the protein content is preferably in an amount of from 60 g protein to 75 g protein, such as about 70 g protein.
  • Daily energy expenditure may be measured by indirect calorimetry during stay in a respiratory chamber as described in Dulloo et al. "Twenty-four-hour energy expenditure and urinary catecholamines of humans consuming low-to-moderate amounts of medium-chain triglyeerides: a dose-response study in a human respiratory cham- ber, European Journal of Clinical Nutrition (1996) 50, 152-158, hereby incorporated by reference.
  • the low-energy-diet preferably also comprises at least one ingredient capable of increasing the energy expenditure.
  • This ingredient may be selected from one or more of the following:
  • the low-energy-diet according to the invention preferably comprises as at least a part of the carbohydrate source dihydroxy acetone phosphate and/or pyruvate.
  • the dihydroxy acetone phosphate and/or pyruvate is preferably in an amount sufficient to increase the energy expenditure whether administered together or alone. Therefore, the diet preferably comprises dihydroxy acetone phosphate in an amount of from 5 g to 15 g, such as in an amount of from 10 g to 15 g. In another embodiment the diet preferably comprises pyruvate in an amount of from 5 g to 20 g, such as in an amount of from 10 g to 20 g.
  • dihydroxy acetone phosphate and pyruvate may also be administered when the two ingredients both are administered in the low-energy-diet.
  • the pyruvate preferably is in the form of sodium pyruvate and/or calcium pyruvate, for example as about 10 g of sodium pyruvate and 9 g of calcium pyruvate.
  • carbohydrate sources are also included in the low-energy-diet.
  • Any suitable carbohydrate source may be used, for example fructose.
  • the low-energy-diet according to the invention preferably comprises the total carbo- hydrate source in an amount of from 70 g carbohydrate to 120 g carbohydrate, more preferably in an amount of from 80 g carbohydrate to 110 g carbohydrate.
  • Fat preferably comprises the total carbo- hydrate source in an amount of from 70 g carbohydrate to 120 g carbohydrate, more preferably in an amount of from 80 g carbohydrate to 110 g carbohydrate.
  • medium chain triglyeerides as discussed above, said medium chain triglyeerides preferably being selected from C6 triglyeerides, C8 triglyeerides and C10 triglyeerides.
  • the medium chain triglyeerides preferably constitute at least 3 g of the fat source.
  • the remaining fat in the fat source is preferably unsaturated fatty acids, such as oleic acid.
  • the low-energy-diet may comprise fish oil, such as at least 1 g of fish oil, such as at least 3 g of fish oil, such as at least 5 g of fish oil.
  • the low-energy-diet according to the invention comprises iron in an amount sufficient to modulate the basal metabolic rate, such as sufficient to prevent reduction in the basal metabolic rate.
  • the effect of iron intake during weight loss is described.
  • the saturation of trans- ferrin is increased when the iron intake is increased to above the recommended daily allowance (RDA) leading to a reduced decrease in the thyroid hormone T 3 level.
  • RDA recommended daily allowance
  • At least 2 mg/d iron above RDA should be included in the low- energy-diet, such as at least 5 mg/day iron above RDA. Most preferably about
  • the low-energy-diet according to the invention preferably comprises iron in an amount of from 20 mg/d to 30 mg/d. Satiety
  • the low-energy-diet should preferably also provide the individual subjected to the low-energy-diet with a feeling of satiety each time the doses of low-energy-diet is taken. Thereby the probability of success of losing weight rapidly increases.
  • ingredients, dihydroxy acetone phosphate, pyruvate and medium chain triglyce- rides, capable of increasing the energy expenditure may additionally have the effect of providing satiety.
  • the low-energy-diet according to the invention may further comprise dietary fibres, among others also to increase the feeling of satiety.
  • the dietary fibres may be any suitable dietary fibres, such as fibres are selected from barley fibres, sugar beat fibres, and oat fibres or combinations thereof.
  • the amount of fibre is preferably in an amount of from 10 g/d to 50 g/d.
  • the diet comprises magnesium, such as magnesium added as MgCI, preferably in an amount of from 15 mEq/d to 20 mEq/d, preferably about 18 mEq/d.
  • the diet further comprises ursodeoxy cholic acid to reduce the risk of gall stones.
  • ursodeoxy cholic acid is administered separately as a tablet.
  • the ursodeoxy cholic acid is preferably administered in an amount of from 1000 mg/d to 1400 mg/d, preferably about 1200 mg/d.
  • Vitamins and minerals not mentioned above are dosed within the limits laid down by the health authorities, and may be included in the low-energy-diet or administered daily in tablet form. In particular vitamins and minerals are dosed according to Dietary Reference Intakes, Institute of medicine, USA, with modifications according to special requirements for overweight subjects on a low-calorie diet.
  • Carbohydrate 70-120 g, including dihydroxy acetone phosphate 10-15g and/or pyruvate 10-20 g Protein: 50-80 g Fat: 5-20 g, including at least 3 g medium chain triglyeerides
  • Fat 5-20 g, including at least 4 g medium chain triglyeerides
  • the low-energy-diet according to the invention comprises per day
  • Carbohydrate 70-120 g, including dihydroxy acetone phosphate 10-15g and/or py- ruvate 10-20 g Protein: 50-80 g
  • Fat 5-20 g, including at least 3 g medium chain triglyeerides Iron: 20-30 mg/d Magnesium: 15-20 mEq/d
  • Carbohydrate 70-120 g, including dihydroxy acetone phosphate 10-15g and/or py- ruvate 10-20 g
  • Fat 5-20 g, including at least 3 g medium chain triglyeerides
  • the low-energy-diet according to the present invention may be formulated into any suitable form, such as powders, or ready-to-drink or ready-to-eat products. Thereby the individuals desiring to lose weight may adapt more to the diet, since they have a choice between various products.
  • the low-energy-diet is in the form of powder.
  • Said powder may be dispensed in separate doses and suspended or solved in liquid, such as liquid selected from water and milk immediately before intake.
  • the low-energy-diet according to the invention is in particular meant for use in the treatment of overweight. Accordingly, the present invention further relates to a method for treating overweight comprising administering to an individual in need thereof an effective amount of a low-energy-diet as defined above as the main or sole nutrition daily.
  • the diet is preferably divided into two or more portions per day to be administered at regular times for, for example to simulate the traditional meal times.
  • Another aspect of the invention relates to the use of ingredients being sources of
  • the ingredients mentioned may be as described above.
  • the diet is preferably packed in a package intended for being able to cover the total nourishment requirement for a defined period of time, such as packages for a pow- der, a ready-to-drink product or a bar product.
  • Carbohydrate 96 g, including pyruvate 10 g Protein (soy and casein): 70 g Fat (oleic acid): 15 g Fibres (barley): 15 g/d
  • Vitamins and minerals according to Nordis Alimantaris Plus extra addition of iron 16 g
  • Carbohydrate including pyruvate (10% of total) 6.8
  • a powder formulation consisting of the ingredients of table 1 were produced by mixing the ingredients and homogenising the powder.
  • Body mass index (kg/m2) -2.7 (-3.7 - -1.6)a -2.3 (-2.7 - -1.9)a 0.134
  • Obese patients with knee OA are encouraged to reduce their body weight. Because of the musculoskeletal pain associated with physical activity among obese patients with knee OA, most of these patients lead a sedentary life with little exercise. A dietary approach to diminish the weight will be beneficial for the patients in several aspects including a reduced load on the weight bearing joints.
  • Speasy ® from NutriCare A/S having the formulation of Example 4 provided the subjects with 3.4 MJ/day (810 kcal): 37 E% from protein, 47 E% from carbohydrate and 16 E% from fat.
  • BMI Body mass index
  • the LED showed a better weight reducing property, with a more favorable effect on body composition than a conventional hypocaloric diet after 8 weeks intervention.
  • the results of this study demonstrate the possibility of reducing weight in elderly, sedentary patients, without loss of excessive lean body mass.

Landscapes

  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mycology (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Nutrition Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
  • Acyclic And Carbocyclic Compounds In Medicinal Compositions (AREA)
EP03732250A 2002-06-21 2003-06-23 Niedrige energiediät Withdrawn EP1534087A1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DKPA200200959 2002-06-21
DK200200959 2002-06-21
US40252902P 2002-08-12 2002-08-12
US402529P 2002-08-12
PCT/DK2003/000424 WO2004000044A1 (en) 2002-06-21 2003-06-23 Low-energy-diet

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1534087A1 true EP1534087A1 (de) 2005-06-01

Family

ID=30001773

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP03732250A Withdrawn EP1534087A1 (de) 2002-06-21 2003-06-23 Niedrige energiediät

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1534087A1 (de)
AU (1) AU2003239772A1 (de)
WO (1) WO2004000044A1 (de)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ES2544589T3 (es) 2008-11-06 2015-09-01 The Nisshin Oillio Group, Ltd. Alimento líquido concentrado

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
LU68000A1 (de) * 1973-07-12 1975-04-11
US4251550A (en) * 1979-04-16 1981-02-17 Elaine Powers Nutrition Company, Inc. Meal replacement composition
US4548937A (en) * 1981-04-01 1985-10-22 Montefiore Hospital Method for preventing body fat deposition in mammals
CH658165A5 (fr) * 1984-01-04 1986-10-31 Nestle Sa Produit alimentaire efficace dans le traitement de la lepre.
DK528189D0 (da) * 1989-10-24 1989-10-24 Hoeie Lars Henrik Fremgangsmaade til fremstilling af et lavkalorieernaeringspraeparat

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO2004000044A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2004000044A1 (en) 2003-12-31
AU2003239772A1 (en) 2004-01-06

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