EP1525652A2 - Dispositif de protection inherente contre des arcs electriques parasites dans des installations photovoltaiques - Google Patents

Dispositif de protection inherente contre des arcs electriques parasites dans des installations photovoltaiques

Info

Publication number
EP1525652A2
EP1525652A2 EP03764991A EP03764991A EP1525652A2 EP 1525652 A2 EP1525652 A2 EP 1525652A2 EP 03764991 A EP03764991 A EP 03764991A EP 03764991 A EP03764991 A EP 03764991A EP 1525652 A2 EP1525652 A2 EP 1525652A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
network
storage devices
arcing
electrical
arrangement according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP03764991A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Horst Hauschild
Ingo Müller
Michael KÖRNER
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Technische Universitaet Ilmenau
Original Assignee
Technische Universitaet Ilmenau
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Technische Universitaet Ilmenau filed Critical Technische Universitaet Ilmenau
Publication of EP1525652A2 publication Critical patent/EP1525652A2/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/34—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other DC sources, e.g. providing buffering
    • H02J7/35—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other DC sources, e.g. providing buffering with light sensitive cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/34—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other DC sources, e.g. providing buffering
    • H02J7/345—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other DC sources, e.g. providing buffering using capacitors as storage or buffering devices
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
    • Y02E10/56—Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an arrangement for inherent arcing protection in the electrical direct current network of photovoltaic systems.
  • sparks or arcing faults can occur at sufficiently high voltages and currents between the contacts. Unlike with alternating voltages, where the arcing normally goes out at the next zero crossing of the voltage wave due to the change in polarity, there is a risk under dc voltage conditions that the arcing fault is maintained for a long time and leads to considerable damage to the contact points and possibly the surrounding elements. Such arcing faults must therefore be recognized and switched off for fire protection reasons.
  • circuit arrangements and / or modules are known from the prior art which extinguish a previously detected arcing fault by disconnecting current paths or by creating additional current paths (reactive arcing protection).
  • Switching devices located in the operating circuit (circuit breakers, load switches, residual current circuit breakers, circuit breakers or short-circuiting devices, top switches) receive external excitation from a fault detection unit (arcing fault detector).
  • arc detection unit arc detection unit
  • US Pat. No. 5,185,687 discloses an arc detection arrangement which uses a field sensor to detect an electromagnetic field which is emitted by a Arcing is generated.
  • the location of the probable occurrence of the arcing fault must be known beforehand.
  • modulation switches are used to switch off operating and fault currents, in which the zero current crossings are forced by an oscillating circuit above the electrical contacts. Furthermore, solutions are known which reduce the spark formation over individual switch contacts by using additional parallel capacitances to the contacts. The concepts with modulation switches and capacities above the switch contacts for arc quenching are only effective as a result. It is important to ensure that the arc is extinguished in the switchgear or on the contact pair.
  • an arc protection device was developed that takes advantage of the voltage drop of more than 10 V caused by the arc.
  • the main deficiency of this arc protection device lies in the fact that, depending on the network structure, many measuring devices have to be used and the associated information has to be continuously evaluated. If this is not done, not all possible errors are recorded.
  • the object of the invention is therefore to provide an arrangement for permanently effective arc protection in electrical direct current networks of photovoltaic systems which does not require sensitive arc detection.
  • the invention is based on the knowledge that the conditions of existence of the arcing fault are determined by the feeding network and that a stable burning arcing fault cannot occur at ideal voltage sources. While an arcing fault always burns at its ideal operating point at an ideal power source, an ideal voltage source always leads to an unstable operating point, so that the arc is not popular. Therefore, by supplementing the direct current network or some of its components with electrical energy stores, the conditions of existence for an emerging or existing arc can deteriorate because the electrical energy stores, for example capacitors, act briefly like voltage sources.
  • the invention thus proposes the installation of one or more capacitive electrical stores in the direct current network of the photovoltaic system in order to avoid an arcing fault.
  • a capacitance connected in parallel to the arcing fault acts like an ideal voltage source for short periods.
  • the installation of an electrical capacity is technically very easy to implement.
  • the expected financial outlay is correspondingly low.
  • no reaction time is required for the protection.
  • the DC system is or is inherently arc-proof. To prevent accidental arcing, the detection of the type of fault (longitudinal or transverse faults) and the fault location in the DC network is no longer necessary when the invention is used. No switching devices are required to implement the protective effect.
  • the general condition for the effectiveness of the protective measure according to the invention is that the time constant of the network ⁇ NW must be greater than the thermal time constant of the arcing fault ⁇ L B; the following therefore applies: ⁇ NW > ⁇ L B •
  • FIG. 1 shows a basic circuit of a directly coupled solar generator with the electrical load and an electrical storage device directly at the load;
  • FIG. 2 shows a basic circuit using storage devices in parallel with each module and a further storage device in parallel with the electrical load
  • Fig. 3 shows a basic circuit using memory devices in parallel to each module and memory devices at the beginning and end of each outer conductor of the DC main line.
  • 1 shows a basic electrical circuit of a directly electrically coupled solar generator with an electrical load 1.
  • Several solar modules 2 are electrically connected in series to form a string.
  • a global electrical storage device 3 is connected in the network directly electrically in front of and parallel to the load 1 in the circuit.
  • Fig. 2 shows a basic electrical circuit of a modified DC network, which consists of several strings connected in parallel.
  • each solar module 2 is assigned its own appropriately dimensioned local electrical storage device 4, i.e. electrically connected in parallel.
  • Analogously to the circuit shown in FIG. 1, the correspondingly dimensioned global storage device 3 in the network is switched on immediately before and parallel to the electrical load 1 in the network.
  • each solar module 2 is assigned its local electrical storage device 4.
  • An additional global storage device has been omitted here.
  • Other embodiments are easily conceivable. LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)
  • Emergency Protection Circuit Devices (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un dispositif de protection inhérente contre des arcs électriques parasites dans un réseau électrique à courant continu d'installations photovoltaïques. Ces installations comprennent un ou plusieurs modules solaires (2) et au moins une charge électrique (1). La mise en circuit dans ce réseau à courant continu d'un ou de plusieurs systèmes d'accumulation électriques (3, 4, 6), qui sont connectés en permanence et dont les dimensions sont spécifiques à l'installation, permet d'empêcher ou de supprimer sensiblement instantanément l'apparition d'un arc électrique parasite. Ces systèmes d'accumulation, de préférence des condensateurs électriques, présentent des dimensions telles qu'ils mettent à disposition au niveau du lieu d'apparition de l'arc électrique parasite une source de tension sensiblement idéale pendant un temps permettant de déstabiliser l'arc électrique parasite.
EP03764991A 2002-07-20 2003-07-15 Dispositif de protection inherente contre des arcs electriques parasites dans des installations photovoltaiques Withdrawn EP1525652A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10233119 2002-07-20
DE10233119 2002-07-20
PCT/EP2003/007644 WO2004010556A2 (fr) 2002-07-20 2003-07-15 Dispositif de protection inherente contre des arcs electriques parasites dans des installations photovoltaiques

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1525652A2 true EP1525652A2 (fr) 2005-04-27

Family

ID=30469022

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP03764991A Withdrawn EP1525652A2 (fr) 2002-07-20 2003-07-15 Dispositif de protection inherente contre des arcs electriques parasites dans des installations photovoltaiques

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1525652A2 (fr)
AU (1) AU2003258511A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2004010556A2 (fr)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP5527699B2 (ja) * 2008-11-12 2014-06-18 国立大学法人九州工業大学 太陽電池アレイ上での持続放電抑制装置
DE102009044695A1 (de) 2009-11-27 2011-06-01 Müller, Ingo, Dr. Solarmodul, Modulschalter, Solarkabel, Sammelschiene, Mehrfachkontakt-Steckverbinder
US9897642B1 (en) 2014-03-27 2018-02-20 National Technology & Engineering Solutions Of Sandia, Llc Detection of arcing location on photovoltaic systems using filters

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1995025374A1 (fr) * 1994-03-16 1995-09-21 Alpha Real Ag Procede permettant de proteger une installation electrique, notamment une installation a tension continue, par ex. une installation photovoltaique, et unite de detection pour cette installation
JPH0916277A (ja) * 1995-04-24 1997-01-17 Canon Inc 太陽電池を有する直流電源システムおよびその動作方法

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO2004010556A2 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU2003258511A1 (en) 2004-02-09
WO2004010556A3 (fr) 2004-04-08
WO2004010556A2 (fr) 2004-01-29
AU2003258511A8 (en) 2004-02-09

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