EP1518076A1 - Refrigerator comprising a regenerator - Google Patents
Refrigerator comprising a regeneratorInfo
- Publication number
- EP1518076A1 EP1518076A1 EP03761450A EP03761450A EP1518076A1 EP 1518076 A1 EP1518076 A1 EP 1518076A1 EP 03761450 A EP03761450 A EP 03761450A EP 03761450 A EP03761450 A EP 03761450A EP 1518076 A1 EP1518076 A1 EP 1518076A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- regenerator
- displacer
- gap
- refrigerator
- gas
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B9/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point
- F25B9/14—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point characterised by the cycle used, e.g. Stirling cycle
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2309/00—Gas cycle refrigeration machines
- F25B2309/003—Gas cycle refrigeration machines characterised by construction or composition of the regenerator
Definitions
- the invention relates to a refrigerator with a housing, with a cylindrical working space, with a cylindrical displacer, with a gap located between the housing and the displacer, with a regenerator located in the displacer and with a device for alternately supplying the working space with high pressure. and low pressure working gas.
- Refrigerators are low-temperature chillers in which thermodynamic cycles take place (see, for example, US Pat. No. 2,9 06,101).
- a single-stage refrigerator essentially comprises a work space with a displacer.
- the work space is alternately connected to a high-pressure and a low-pressure gas source, so that the thermodynamic cycle (Stirling process, Gifford-McMahon process, etc.) takes place during the forced reciprocation of the displacer.
- the working gas is conducted in a closed cycle. The result is that heat is extracted from a certain area of the work space and the displacer.
- two-stage refrigerators of this type and helium as the working gas e.g. B. generate temperatures well below 10 ° K.
- regenerator An essential part of a refrigerator is the regenerator through which the working gas flows before and after the expansion.
- the regenerator is usually located within the essentially cylindrical displacer.
- the regenerator material must have good heat-storing properties so that a sufficiently high heat exchange takes place between the working gas and the regenerator.
- both the displacer, in particular the displacer housing, and the cylinder housing must be poorly heat-conducting, since otherwise the heat extracted on the cold side of the working space and the displacer would be quickly replaced by heat conduction.
- the cylinder housing is made of Novetex (plastic-impregnated cotton fiber) or materials with similar properties. Novetex has proven itself particularly as a material for the displacement housing. Nets, balls or wool made of bronze (preferably for the first stage) and lead balls (preferably for the second stage) are known as regenerator materials.
- a refrigerator of the type mentioned is known from US-A-54 81 879.
- the disadvantage of this solution is that the gap still has to be relatively narrow in order to ensure that the gas flows in a helical manner.
- there is no rapid heat exchange between the gas and the adjacent components instead since these consist of materials that not only have - as already mentioned - a low thermal conductivity but also a low heat storage capacity.
- the present invention is based on the object of providing a refrigerator of the type mentioned at the outset in which the disadvantages associated with the cracked gas streams are eliminated.
- the cracked gas stream is completely regenerated by the measures according to the invention.
- the heat storage or regeneration capability of the gap enclosing surfaces which essentially does not exist in the prior art, is determined in a refrigerator according to the invention by embedding a material with a high heat capacity in the gap enclosing surfaces, e.g. on the outside of the displacer and / or on the inside of the cylinder housing.
- the performance of the refrigerator is improved not only by the fact that an undesired heat input into the expansion space no longer takes place, but also by the fact that the gas mass flow which is essentially the only effective in the prior art and flows through the regenerator of the displacer is increased by the regenerated fission gas mass flow.
- the storage capacity of the cracked gas regenerator is expediently dimensioned such that the cracked gas mass flow also increasing runtime of the cold head can increase, without there being a loss of performance of the cold head.
- the required sealing effect between the displacer and the cylinder wall is subject to completely new operating conditions when using a split gas regenerator. In principle, it does not matter how large the cracked gas mass flow is. Only enough heat must always be given off to the cracked gas regenerator that the cracked gas mass flow essentially reaches the expansion space at the temperature of the expansion space.
- a refrigerator according to the invention can be constructed much more simply; the seal in particular can be significantly simplified or even eliminated. In addition to manufacturing with easy-to-implement dimensions, you can also use "standard sealing rings". This makes the cooler cheaper, simpler and more durable.
- FIG. 1 shows a two-stage refrigerator according to the prior art
- FIG. 2 shows a partial section with a fission gas regenerator according to the invention
- 3 shows a one-stage refrigerator designed according to the invention
- Figure 4 shows another solution for the design of a fission gas regenerator.
- FIG. 1 shows a two-stage Gifford-McMahon refrigerator 1 according to the prior art.
- a valve system is housed in a manner not known per se, which connects a high-pressure and a low-pressure gas source, which are connected to the connecting pieces 3 and 4, to the channels 5, 6 and 7 in a certain order.
- the channel 6 opens into a cylinder 8, in which a drive piston 12 is located with the displacer 9 of the first stage 11 of the refrigerator.
- a crank drive can also be used.
- a ring sealing the piston 12 against the inner wall of the cylinder 8 is designated by 13. With the help of this drive, the displacer 9 is moved back and forth in the working space 15 formed by the cylindrical housing 14.
- the displacer 17 of the second stage 18 of the refrigerator is connected to the displacer 9 of the first stage via the pin 16, so that the displacer 17 of the second stage also executes a reciprocating movement in the working space 21 formed by the cylindrical housing 19.
- the axis of the entire system is labeled 10.
- the displacers 9 and 17 are essentially cylindrical. Their housings 22 and 23 form cavities 20a and 20b, respectively, which accommodate the regeneration serve gates. They exist e.g. B. bronze networks in the first stage and from lead pellets in the second Stu ⁇ fe.
- the working gas is supplied or discharged via channels 5 and 7. It flows through the bores 24, through the regenerator of the displacer 9 and through the bores 37 into the expansion space 25, which is the lower part of the working space 15. There it expands and extracts heat from this area of the first stage 11 of the refrigerator.
- the precooled gas continues to flow through the bore 27 in the displacer 17 of the second stage 18, through the regenerator located in the interior 20b of this displacer 17 and through the bore 28 at the lower end of the displacer 17 into the expansion space 29 of the second stage 18. There occurs a further expansion with this area of the second stage cooling effect.
- the gas flows back in the same way and cools the regenerator materials, so that the gases flowing in again in the next cycle are already pre-cooled in the regenerator.
- Sealing rings 31 and 32 which are accommodated in external grooves 33 and 34 of the displacement walls, serve to seal the displacers 9 and 17 with respect to their associated chamber walls 14 and 19.
- the gaps between the displacers 11, 17 and the cylindrical housings 14, 19 of the working spaces 15, 21 are denoted by 36 and 38, respectively.
- FIG 2 is a highly schematic partial sketch with a solution according to the invention, which can be used both in the first and in the second stage of a refrigerator according to Figure 1.
- the regenerator in the cavity 20a, 20b of the displacer 9 or 17
- 42 in the gap 36, 38
- An additional regenerator 43 is assigned to the cracked gas mass flow 42. It is a single-layer wire winding in the axial direction, which is embedded on the gap side in the housing wall 22, 23 of the displacer 9, 17. It consists of bronze (?),
- the further regenerator 43 is used in the first stage 9, and lead, for example, if it is used in the second stage.
- a seal 31, 32 is shown; it no longer has to meet high tightness requirements. It can even be omitted if it is ensured that the cracked gas mass flow is essentially completely regenerated.
- FIG. 3 shows a single-flow design of a refrigerator 1.
- the split gas regenerator 43 is part of the housing wall 14 of the refrigerator housing. If necessary, split gas regenerators 43 of the type described can also be arranged on both sides of the gaps 36, 38.
- FIG. 4 shows an embodiment with a split gas generator 43, which in the embodiment shown is integrated in the displacer 17 of the second stage 18, specifically in the area of its warm end.
- a cavity 44 is provided in the housing 23 of the displacer 17, in which the regenerator material is located.
- the cavity 44 is connected to the gap 38 on the inlet and outlet sides via axially spaced radial bores 45, 46. be- see the mouths of the radial bores 45, 46 in the gap 38 there is a seal 47.
- This seal also does not have to meet high sealing requirements. It only has to be ensured that the pressure difference generated by the seal 47 is greater than the pressure difference generated by the regenerator 43. This ensures that from the warm side of the displacer 17 to its cold side through the gap 38 flowing gases flow almost completely through the regenerator 43, so that the desired regeneration effect also occurs with respect to the cracked gases.
- a further seal 48 can be present in the gap 38 at the end (warm end). With an optimized design of the flow resistances, generated by the seal 47 and the regenerator 43, this seal can, however, be omitted.
- the space 44 can be connected directly to the channel 27 via an approximately axially directed bore.
- This solution has the effect that the pressure difference across the seal 47 is smaller, in particular if the bore 45 is dispensed with.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE10229311A DE10229311A1 (en) | 2002-06-29 | 2002-06-29 | Refrigerator with regenerator |
DE10229311 | 2002-06-29 | ||
PCT/EP2003/004980 WO2004003442A1 (en) | 2002-06-29 | 2003-05-13 | Refrigerator comprising a regenerator |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1518076A1 true EP1518076A1 (en) | 2005-03-30 |
Family
ID=29796017
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP03761450A Withdrawn EP1518076A1 (en) | 2002-06-29 | 2003-05-13 | Refrigerator comprising a regenerator |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US7213399B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1518076A1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP4327717B2 (en) |
KR (1) | KR20050013262A (en) |
CN (1) | CN100491867C (en) |
AU (1) | AU2003232762A1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE10229311A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2004003442A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
ITMI20071005A1 (en) | 2007-05-18 | 2008-11-19 | Polimeri Europa Spa | PROCEDURE FOR THE PREPARATION OF EXPANDABLE THERMOPLASTIC POLYMER GRANULES AND ITS PRODUCT |
CN103629841B (en) * | 2013-12-17 | 2016-05-18 | 常州鸿源动力科技有限公司 | A kind of novel stirling cycle heat power expansion mechanism |
JP2015117885A (en) * | 2013-12-18 | 2015-06-25 | 住友重機械工業株式会社 | Cryogenic refrigerating machine |
US11384964B2 (en) * | 2019-07-08 | 2022-07-12 | Cryo Tech Ltd. | Cryogenic stirling refrigerator with mechanically driven expander |
Family Cites Families (27)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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NL113898C (en) | 1957-11-14 | |||
US3148512A (en) * | 1963-05-15 | 1964-09-15 | Little Inc A | Refrigeration apparatus |
NL142220B (en) * | 1965-01-20 | 1974-05-15 | Philips Nv | HOT GAS VACUUM MACHINE. |
US3303658A (en) * | 1965-10-23 | 1967-02-14 | Little Inc A | Vented seal for air refrigerator |
US3321926A (en) * | 1965-12-03 | 1967-05-30 | Little Inc A | Fluid-actuated cryogenic refrigerator |
DE2063555A1 (en) * | 1969-12-29 | 1971-07-15 | N.V. Philips Gloeilampenfabneken, Eindhoven (Niederlande) | Cold gas chiller |
NL7000001A (en) * | 1970-01-02 | 1971-07-06 | ||
DE2156668A1 (en) * | 1970-11-18 | 1972-05-25 | The British Oxygen Co. Ltd., London | Piston engine |
NL157711B (en) * | 1973-09-11 | 1978-08-15 | Philips Nv | CHILLING MACHINE WITH REGENERATOR. |
US4019336A (en) * | 1973-09-11 | 1977-04-26 | U.S. Philips Corporation | Refrigerator |
US4090859A (en) * | 1977-03-23 | 1978-05-23 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army | Dual-displacer two-stage split cycle cooler |
US4366676A (en) * | 1980-12-22 | 1983-01-04 | The Regents Of The University Of California | Cryogenic cooler apparatus |
EP0254759A1 (en) * | 1986-07-29 | 1988-02-03 | Leybold Aktiengesellschaft | Method of exchanging a displacer of a refrigeration machine and refrigeration machine for carrying out the method |
US4774808A (en) * | 1987-07-06 | 1988-10-04 | Otters John L | Displacer arrangement for external combustion engines |
CN88201396U (en) * | 1988-03-10 | 1988-12-14 | 核工业部五八五所 | Out-put type expansion machine |
GB8816193D0 (en) * | 1988-07-07 | 1988-08-10 | Boc Group Plc | Improved cryogenic refrigerator |
US5144805A (en) * | 1988-11-09 | 1992-09-08 | Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha | Multi-stage cold accumulation type refrigerator and cooling device including the same |
JP2824365B2 (en) * | 1992-01-29 | 1998-11-11 | 三菱電機株式会社 | Cool storage type refrigerator |
US5398511A (en) * | 1992-03-30 | 1995-03-21 | Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha | Regenerative refrigerator |
CH684214A5 (en) * | 1992-08-12 | 1994-07-29 | Mettler Toledo Ag | Device for supplying thermal analysis measuring devices with material samples contained in holders |
US5878580A (en) * | 1993-06-03 | 1999-03-09 | Leybold Aktiengesellschaft | Method of operating a cryogenic cooling device, and a cryogenic cooling device suitable for operation by this method |
DE4401247C2 (en) * | 1994-01-18 | 1998-10-08 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Heat exchanger |
JP2659684B2 (en) * | 1994-05-31 | 1997-09-30 | 住友重機械工業株式会社 | Regenerator refrigerator |
JP3286483B2 (en) * | 1994-11-30 | 2002-05-27 | 三洋電機株式会社 | Free piston Vilmier cycle engine |
DE19510620A1 (en) * | 1995-03-23 | 1996-09-26 | Leybold Ag | Refrigerator |
JP3390612B2 (en) * | 1996-10-15 | 2003-03-24 | 三菱電機株式会社 | Cool storage refrigerator |
DE10112243A1 (en) * | 2001-03-14 | 2002-09-19 | Inst Luft Kaeltetech Gem Gmbh | Displacement device for gas refrigeration machines has width of annular gap in direction of hot chamber of machine selected within defined limits over different sections of piston length |
-
2002
- 2002-06-29 DE DE10229311A patent/DE10229311A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2003
- 2003-05-13 KR KR10-2004-7021511A patent/KR20050013262A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2003-05-13 CN CNB038146215A patent/CN100491867C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-05-13 WO PCT/EP2003/004980 patent/WO2004003442A1/en active Application Filing
- 2003-05-13 EP EP03761450A patent/EP1518076A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2003-05-13 US US10/519,737 patent/US7213399B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-05-13 JP JP2004516554A patent/JP4327717B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-05-13 AU AU2003232762A patent/AU2003232762A1/en not_active Abandoned
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO2004003442A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
KR20050013262A (en) | 2005-02-03 |
CN100491867C (en) | 2009-05-27 |
JP2005531740A (en) | 2005-10-20 |
US7213399B2 (en) | 2007-05-08 |
DE10229311A1 (en) | 2004-01-29 |
CN1662779A (en) | 2005-08-31 |
AU2003232762A1 (en) | 2004-01-19 |
WO2004003442A1 (en) | 2004-01-08 |
US20060042272A1 (en) | 2006-03-02 |
JP4327717B2 (en) | 2009-09-09 |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 20041105 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HU IE IT LI LU MC NL PT RO SE SI SK TR |
|
AX | Request for extension of the european patent |
Extension state: AL LT LV MK |
|
RIN1 | Information on inventor provided before grant (corrected) |
Inventor name: VEIT, AXEL Inventor name: SIEGEL, ANDRE Inventor name: SCHNACKE, ERNST Inventor name: PIETRANGELI, MARIO Inventor name: PERSCH, AXEL Inventor name: MELICHAR, JIRI Inventor name: DUBBELFELD, HEINZ-JOSEF Inventor name: DIETZ, HOLGER |
|
DAX | Request for extension of the european patent (deleted) | ||
RBV | Designated contracting states (corrected) |
Designated state(s): CH DE FR GB IT LI |
|
17Q | First examination report despatched |
Effective date: 20080110 |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: THE APPLICATION IS DEEMED TO BE WITHDRAWN |
|
18D | Application deemed to be withdrawn |
Effective date: 20111201 |