EP1516551A2 - Forme pour chaussure orthopédique et chaussure orthopédique - Google Patents

Forme pour chaussure orthopédique et chaussure orthopédique Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1516551A2
EP1516551A2 EP04255670A EP04255670A EP1516551A2 EP 1516551 A2 EP1516551 A2 EP 1516551A2 EP 04255670 A EP04255670 A EP 04255670A EP 04255670 A EP04255670 A EP 04255670A EP 1516551 A2 EP1516551 A2 EP 1516551A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
last
height
orthopaedic
heel
range
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP04255670A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1516551A3 (fr
Inventor
Lesley Frederick Wreford
Ian Donald Hopewell
Anita Ellen Williams
Christopher James Nester
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
County Footwear (UK) Ltd
Original Assignee
County Footwear (UK) Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by County Footwear (UK) Ltd filed Critical County Footwear (UK) Ltd
Publication of EP1516551A2 publication Critical patent/EP1516551A2/fr
Publication of EP1516551A3 publication Critical patent/EP1516551A3/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A43—FOOTWEAR
    • A43D—MACHINES, TOOLS, EQUIPMENT OR METHODS FOR MANUFACTURING OR REPAIRING FOOTWEAR
    • A43D3/00—Lasts
    • A43D3/02—Lasts for making or repairing shoes
    • A43D3/021—Lasts for making or repairing shoes for orthopaedic footwear
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A43—FOOTWEAR
    • A43B—CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF FOOTWEAR; PARTS OF FOOTWEAR
    • A43B13/00—Soles; Sole-and-heel integral units
    • A43B13/14—Soles; Sole-and-heel integral units characterised by the constructive form
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A43—FOOTWEAR
    • A43B—CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF FOOTWEAR; PARTS OF FOOTWEAR
    • A43B13/00—Soles; Sole-and-heel integral units
    • A43B13/38—Built-in insoles joined to uppers during the manufacturing process, e.g. structural insoles; Insoles glued to shoes during the manufacturing process
    • A43B13/40—Built-in insoles joined to uppers during the manufacturing process, e.g. structural insoles; Insoles glued to shoes during the manufacturing process with cushions
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A43—FOOTWEAR
    • A43B—CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF FOOTWEAR; PARTS OF FOOTWEAR
    • A43B7/00—Footwear with health or hygienic arrangements
    • A43B7/14—Footwear with health or hygienic arrangements with foot-supporting parts

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to orthopaedic footwear and a last for use in the mass production of such footwear. More specifically, the invention relates to orthopaedic footwear designed for patients with neuropathy, foot deformity, plantar pathology and/or poor tissue viability. Such patients whose foot status is generally regarded as "high risk” include those with diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis, connective tissue disorders, peripheral vascular disease and other conditions associated with compromised neurological status and poor tissue viability.
  • the above described patients have feet that are generally at risk from ulceration, infection, gangrene and, ultimately amputation.
  • Appropriately designed and manufactured orthopaedic footwear can have a positive effect on the clinical prognosis for such patients.
  • the main problem areas of the feet that need to be considered in footwear design are the plantar aspect, the anterior toes and the posterior heel.
  • a footwear-making last is typically a rigid mould over which the footwear is constructed and which dictates the size and shape of the footwear constructed thereon.
  • the last is supported firmly, a last board or "throughboard" fixed temporarily by staples or the like to the underside of the last and an upper (typically of leather) is applied over the last and secured at its edges to the throughboard using, for example adhesive.
  • An outer sole is then attached to the throughboard and parts of the upper by, for example, gluing or stitching. The footwear is then removed from the last and finished.
  • the interior space of the formed footwear is an exact replica of the exterior shape of the last.
  • a last for orthopaedic footwear is therefore a carefully crafted item whose design takes into account the particular needs of the patient.
  • orthopaedic footwear has been designed with a deep and wide forefoot that accommodates bunions etc. The back is sufficiently low to avoid the collar (that part defined around the opening) rubbing on the ankle bones. It has been realised that this conventional approach permits too much movement of the foot within the shoe and, in high-risk patients, has a tendency to make the foot vulnerable to ulceration.
  • the forefoot is stabilised in the shoe by design of the front cone, instep and laces. These areas are generally of such a design that they serve to apply undesirable pressure to front part of the foot of high-risk patients.
  • a conventional collar (defined around the opening to the shoe) on orthopaedic footwear is of consistent depth around the shoe. This is a common source of discomfort for the high-risk patient as it often does not accommodate malleoli abnormalities and can lead to serious tissue trauma in patients with neurological status and little or no sensitivity on the feet. Similar trauma can be effected on the dorsum of the foot where the conventional shoe tongue does not give adequate protection against the restriction of blood circulation caused by lace tension.
  • an orthopaedic footwear last having an upper surface and a seat surface that intersect at a featherline, and defining a back cone and a front portion, the back cone extending upwardly and outwardly from the featherline to a maximum width and then tapering inwardly and terminating in an elongate neck portion, the back cone having a maximum height to maximum width ratio in the range 1.2 to 1.3, a height to width ratio at the maximum width in the range 0.13 to 0.15 and a height to width ratio at the maximum height being in the range 2.9 to 3.25, the neck portion being between 3% and 4% of the total height of the cone and the width decreasing by about 2mm for every 5mm in length in the direction towards the top of back cone, the seat surface at the back cone being substantially planar and the curvature of the seat of the front portion from rear to front being such that with the heel pitch set at 23mm the toe spring is in the range 15 to 20mm.
  • orthopaedic shoe last enables an orthopaedic shoe to be manufactured in which the back cone provides stabilisation for the heel of the foot and allows for even pressure distribution at the forefoot. Controlling the heel part of the foot in the shoe allows a greater angle of toe spring and roll. Securing the rear foot also prevents migration of the forefoot into the toe box during the gait cycle.
  • the curvature of the forefoot of the last is uniquely designed to accommodate the correct toe spring which is balanced against the pitch of the heel. This provides a natural roller to the shoe that minimises movement of the forefoot and assists ambulation.
  • the aforementioned ratios serve to convey the difference between the back cone profiles of the present invention and that of a conventional last.
  • the ratio of the back cone maximum height to maximum width ratio of a conventional last is generally in the region of 1.0 and the height to width ratio at the maximum height being in the range 2.3 to 2.5.
  • the heel pitch of the last is set at 23mm the toe spring is in the region of 9mm.
  • the height to width ratio at half height of the back cone is in the range 0.65 to 0.68 and the height to width ratio at two-thirds height of the back cone is in the range 1.15 to 1.19. This compares to figures of around 0.60 and 1.01 for a conventional last.
  • orthopaedic footwear comprising an upper, an outer sole and a last board disposed between the upper and sole, the last board comprising a rigid planar member having an anterior section with a shock-absorbing layer laminated thereto and which layer extends from the metatarsal head region to the toe area of the shoe.
  • the prior art orthopaedic shoe of Figure 1 has a relatively deep forefoot represented by reference numeral 1, a relatively low back height represented by reference numeral 2 and a collar 3 that is of consistent depth.
  • the exemplary shoe of the present invention shown in Figure 2 has a forefoot depth 11 that is closer in appearance to a conventional shoe and a greater back height.
  • the increased back height is designed to accommodate a particular orthotic foot bed configuration.
  • the collar 13 around the shoe opening is shaped to pass around the malleoli.
  • the last of the present invention is a rigid moulded body having a back cone 20 defining the interior dimension of the rear and heel portions of the finished footwear and a forefoot section 21 defining the dimension of the forefoot including the toe section of the footwear.
  • the bottom surface of the last describes a seat surface 22 which meets with an upper surface 23 at what is known as the featherline 24.
  • the back cone of the last has a seat surface 22 that is substantially planar and a lower portion 25 with side walls that extend from the featherline in a direction that is initially close to the vertical.
  • the back cone width widens slightly outwardly from the featherline to a point of maximum width Wmax, whereafter it begins to narrow steeply in a central portion 26 and the less steeply in a terminal neck portion 27 of around 20mm in height.
  • Wmax maximum width
  • the width of the neck portion decreases by 2mm for every 5mm increase in height (see figure 5).
  • the neck portion 27 of the last enables the manufacture of footwear with a deeper rear portion so that foot beds such as orthotic inserts or insoles, shock attenuating socks or a combination of these can be used, without compromising the room available within the footwear for the patient's foot.
  • a foot bed can be typically around 9mm in depth at its maximum (an example is shown in figure 11).
  • the shape of the lower portion of the back cone is designed to have a seat width that is wider than a conventional last to accommodate the spread of the heel in the gait cycle and to accommodate the foot bed.
  • the shape of the back cone can also be seen from sections 14 to 18 in figure 7b.
  • Figure 4b provides a comparison of the last back cone of the present invention with that of a conventional orthopaedic footwear last (shown in dotted line). It illustrates the wider seat width of the back cone of the present invention and the different curvature of the back cone extending upwardly from the featherline.
  • the curvature is such that the seat width is maintained for a significant height and in the central section 26 of back cone the curvature is more exaggerated to provide a better fitting to the heel.
  • the seat 22 of the back cone 20 has no significant transverse curvature so as to accommodate the foot bed.
  • the projected area of the back cone of the present invention has a maximum height to maximum width ratio in the range 1.2 to 1.3 which compares to around 1.0 for a conventional last, a height to width ratio at the maximum width in the range 0.13 to 0.15 and a height to width ratio at the maximum height being in the range 2.9 to 3.25 (compared to 2.3 to 2.5 for a conventional last).
  • the neck portion which does not have a direct counterpart in conventional lasts extends for around 3% and 4% of the total height of the cone.
  • the curvature of the forefoot portion of the last from rear to front, as illustrated in figure 8, is designed to provide a natural rocker to the shoe so that, in use, there is a significant reduction of movement of the forefoot in the shoe. This assists in ambulation.
  • the curvature provides for a toe spring that is balanced against the heel pitch.
  • the heel pitch is set at 23mm to leave a toe spring of 17mm.
  • Other size lasts may provide for slightly different toe springs but these are in the range of 15 to 20mm. This compares to a toe spring of 9mm for a heel pitch of 23mm in a conventional last.
  • Figure 9 and sections 1 to 8 of figure 7a illustrate the transverse curvature at the forefoot seat.
  • the curvature is such that a line drawn through the midpoint on the seat to the featherline subtends and angle 6° although may be in the range 5° to 7° to the horizontal.
  • the orthopaedic shoe of the present invention is constructed by temporarily fixing a throughboard to the seat of the last, stretching an upper of, for example, high grade soft leather lined in soft pig grain with reversed quarter lining, around the upper surface of the last and fixing it by adhesive or otherwise to the edges of the throughboard. The sole is then attached to the throughboard and parts of the upper whereupon the shoe is removed from the last and finished.
  • the throughboard 60 is constructed of cellulous material 61 and has a forepart section of Poron (RTM) 62 of 3mm thickness that is laminated to the anterior section 61a of the cellulous material.
  • the Poron layer 62 faces outwardly when the throughboard is attached to the last. In the finished shoe the throughboard reduces the interior circumference 6mm and conceals the real shoe depth.
  • the Poron layer extends to a position approximately 12mm behind the metatarsal heads (roughly in alignment with the ball of the foot). The presence of the shock-absorbing layer not only enables the external appearance of the shoe to be enhanced but also provides added comfort to the shoe wearer.
  • the collar 13 may be padded with, for example 10mm of grey foam, contoured around the malleoli and bag-stitched to provide protection around the ankle bones and eliminate the risk of stitch chafing.
  • the tongue 30 of the shoe is padded with foam of 10mm thickness to protect the vascular components on the dorsum. This feature allows of the laces to be tied tight and therefore facilitates even greater foot control and stability in the shoe.
  • the sole 40 is constructed in a light weight, durable, EVA laminate and is tapered outwardly from the featherline to the base of the sole to provide additional stability and improve weight distribution.
  • the taper is approximately 10° to the vertical from the rand to the outer edge of the plantar surface. This has the effect of increasing the plantar surface area by approximately 10% thus providing more ground contact and therefore greater stability in improved weight distribution.
  • This taper extends around the featherline from just behind the metatarsal heads to the heel point. Below the heel seat, the wall of the sole is squared off (as indicated at 50) to provide greater control during heel strike in the gait cycle.
  • the tread on the sole is provided with a zigzag or herringbone non-slip pattern.
  • Figure 11 shows a shoe in accordance with the present invention shown with an orthotic foot bed fitted (shown shaded).

Landscapes

  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Epidemiology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Footwear And Its Accessory, Manufacturing Method And Apparatuses (AREA)
EP04255670A 2003-09-20 2004-09-17 Forme pour chaussure orthopédique et chaussure orthopédique Withdrawn EP1516551A3 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB0322048A GB0322048D0 (en) 2003-09-20 2003-09-20 Orthopaedic footwear
GB0322048 2003-09-20

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1516551A2 true EP1516551A2 (fr) 2005-03-23
EP1516551A3 EP1516551A3 (fr) 2005-06-15

Family

ID=29266348

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP04255670A Withdrawn EP1516551A3 (fr) 2003-09-20 2004-09-17 Forme pour chaussure orthopédique et chaussure orthopédique

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1516551A3 (fr)
GB (1) GB0322048D0 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE1019296A3 (nl) * 2010-04-19 2012-05-08 Faes Herman Joannes M Werkwijze voor het maken van orthopedische, maat-en binnenschoenen en leest gebruikt in deze werkwijze.
WO2013030421A2 (fr) * 2011-09-02 2013-03-07 Redin Gorraiz Juan Maria Procédé de fabrication de chaussure et chaussure produite au moyen dudit procédé

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE343765C (fr) *
US2160991A (en) * 1937-05-12 1939-06-06 Schwartz Russell Plato Shoe construction and last
US3543316A (en) * 1968-02-21 1970-12-01 Marcus Luther Austin Boots and shoes
GB1241734A (en) * 1968-11-22 1971-08-04 Arthur Leslie Heath Improvements in or relating to shoes and shoe lasts
WO1996028060A1 (fr) * 1995-03-10 1996-09-19 Nike International Ltd. Forme pour article chaussant et article chaussant fabrique a partir de celle-ci
FR2819694A1 (fr) * 2001-01-19 2002-07-26 Dominique Varciat Forme pour la confection en serie de la tige d'une chaussure specifique, notamment orthopedique ou de confort

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE343765C (fr) *
US2160991A (en) * 1937-05-12 1939-06-06 Schwartz Russell Plato Shoe construction and last
US3543316A (en) * 1968-02-21 1970-12-01 Marcus Luther Austin Boots and shoes
GB1241734A (en) * 1968-11-22 1971-08-04 Arthur Leslie Heath Improvements in or relating to shoes and shoe lasts
WO1996028060A1 (fr) * 1995-03-10 1996-09-19 Nike International Ltd. Forme pour article chaussant et article chaussant fabrique a partir de celle-ci
FR2819694A1 (fr) * 2001-01-19 2002-07-26 Dominique Varciat Forme pour la confection en serie de la tige d'une chaussure specifique, notamment orthopedique ou de confort

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE1019296A3 (nl) * 2010-04-19 2012-05-08 Faes Herman Joannes M Werkwijze voor het maken van orthopedische, maat-en binnenschoenen en leest gebruikt in deze werkwijze.
WO2013030421A2 (fr) * 2011-09-02 2013-03-07 Redin Gorraiz Juan Maria Procédé de fabrication de chaussure et chaussure produite au moyen dudit procédé
WO2013030421A3 (fr) * 2011-09-02 2013-06-27 Redin Gorraiz Juan Maria Procédé de fabrication de chaussure et chaussure produite au moyen dudit procédé

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB0322048D0 (en) 2003-10-22
EP1516551A3 (fr) 2005-06-15

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