EP1514248A1

EP1514248A1 - Object presence analysis system and method

Info

Publication number: EP1514248A1
Application number: EP03755124A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Stefan Donat; Wolfgang Richter; Peter Rosenbeck
Original assignee: Ident Technology AG
Current assignee: Microchip Technology Germany GmbH
Priority date: 2002-05-23
Filing date: 2003-05-23
Publication date: 2005-03-16
Anticipated expiration: 2023-05-23
Also published as: ES2327035T3; US7652573B2; WO2003100739A1; DE50311498D1; EP1514248B1; ATE430970T1; AU2003242565A1; US20060109135A1

Abstract

A presence analysis system for objects carried by a user has a signal-transmitter provided on the object to be observed in terms of its presence for transmitting an object or signal-transmitter specific signal and a receiver for receiving signals including the object or signal-transmitter specific signal. A capacitative link formed by the person or clothing of the person conducts the signal from the transmitter to the receiver. An analysis unit coupled with the receiver generates an output signal indicating the presence or absence of the object by analysis of the signals received.

Description

SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR PRASENZANA YSE OF OBJECTS

DESCRIPTION

Field of the Invention

The present invention relates generally to the presence analysis of objects, in particular objects which are worn in the immediate vicinity of a user, for example on the body or in clothing. In particular, the present invention relates to a system, components of this system and a method by which the presence of certain objects in a user-related environment is reliably detected, i.e. the presence of these objects, in particular objects, can be detected.

Background of the Invention

For example, in operations in the field of disaster protection, it is necessary that the operational forces working here are equipped with certain resources to fulfill the intended purpose. Checking the scope of equipment often causes difficulties and is often not reliable, especially under time pressure. It can also happen that items of equipment go missing undetected and the loss of these items of equipment initially goes unnoticed. The unnoticed loss of objects from the immediate vicinity of a person, for example the loss of valuables due to carelessness or theft, is also a problem in everyday life. Object of the invention

In view of the preceding explanations, the object of the invention is to provide solutions by which the presence of certain objects, i.e. the presence of objects in the surrounding area, in particular the area close to the body, of a person can be reliably analyzed, recorded or monitored.

Solution according to the invention

The present invention is based on the approach of generating a signal via a signal transmission device assigned to an object to be monitored, in particular connected to this object, which signal is coupled into a reception device via a user, in particular his body and / or clothing signal processing consideration of a reception event recorded via the user or his clothing, an analysis output signal indicative of the presence of an object is generated.

This makes it possible in an advantageous manner to determine the presence of appropriately equipped objects in the area of a user by means of analysis procedures carried out successively or at predetermined time intervals, the absence of selected objects promptly resulting in precipitation, preferably without the user having to do anything, automatically generated analysis output signal. Based on the detected presence or non-presence, the generation of output signals can advantageously be determined by user-specific, selectively defined evaluation criteria.

The integration of a signal transmission device according to the invention in a valuable object, for example in a wallet, makes it possible to detect the loss of this wallet from a defined proximity of the user within a short period of time, for example 300 milliseconds.

Brief description of the invention To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a system according to claim 1. The system according to the invention comprises at least one signal transmission device, which is assigned to an object to be assessed with regard to its presence, for transmitting an object- or transmission device-specific signal, a reception device for detecting a reception event which, in the case of an object presence, the object- or transmission device-specific signal contains, and an assessment device, which is coupled to the receiving device, for generating an analysis output signal indicative of the presence of the object on the basis of a signal processing consideration of the receiving event.

The reception event detected by the receiving device is checked by a preferably programmable evaluation device in the area of the receiving device. If it is established that the reception event contains the signal generated by the signal transmission device, the analysis device can generate an analysis output signal which indicates that the object to be observed is still in the analysis area. If, however, the assessment device determines that the presence of the signal transmission device or the object connected to it in the analysis area cannot be determined in view of the reception event recorded by the receiving device, the analysis device can generate an analysis output signal which indicates the absence of the observing object indicates. Such an output signal can initiate a warning procedure. With this warning procedure, warning signals can be generated that can be sensed by a user equipped with an appropriate analysis system. Such warning signals can be accessible in particular on an acoustic, optical and / or touch-sensitive, i.e. in a haptic way, to be communicated to the user. It is possible to integrate the receiver into easily lost objects such as cell phones and / or PDAs etc. The system formed in this way is preferably configured such that even removing the receiver from the observation area leads to the generation of, for example, an acoustic warning signal.

According to a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the signal transmission device is preferably designed in such a way that it is specific to the object or transmission device Signals based on capacitive and / or electromagnetic interaction effects into a user carrying the receiving device, for at least partial transmission of the signals transmitted by the signal transmitting device, in particular object and / or transmitting device-specific signals via the body and / or clothing of the user. By including the body of the user or the clothing of the user in the signal transmission path between the signal transmission device and the reception device, the signal transmission device, the user or his clothing and the reception device form a linked system, the quality in particular in the form of existence or non-existence - If there is a signal chain between the system components, the generation of the analysis output signal is determined.

Since there is a marked loss in intensity of the signal component caused by the signal transmission device in the reception event detected by the reception device when the signal transmission device is inductively and / or capacitively decoupled from the user equipped with the reception device, consideration of the reception event can provide a high degree of reliability for the presence or The presence of the object in the surveillance area can be closed.

The receiving device advantageously includes a receiving element for detecting the object-specific or transmitting device-specific signal coupled into the user and / or his clothing on the basis of capacitive interaction effects.

The receiving element is preferably arranged in such a way that it detects the signals coupled into the user or in his clothing with a high signal detection efficiency. A particularly high signal detection efficiency can be achieved by wearing the receiving element close to the body, in particular in the waistband or shirt pocket area, or in particular with skin contact. The receiving element can, for example, be integrated in a piece of jewelry, in a mobile phone or in particular in a wristwatch. It is possible in a particularly advantageous manner to design the receiving member as a flat structural unit, which can be attached inconspicuously, for example, to the back of a wristwatch, or can be integrated into a bracelet. It is possible to design the transmission device in such a way that the signal transmitted by it contains a data telegram. The data transmission device can be identified using this data telegram. It is also possible to use this data telegram to transmit data which have been generated in the area of the signal transmission device in conjunction with the object to be observed. For example, it is possible to configure a signal transmission device assigned to an image recording device in such a way that it also transmits data with the data telegram, which provide information about the availability status of the image recording device - or other information / measurement values recorded in the area of the assigned object. A signal transmission device according to the invention, for example associated with an air filter device, can transmit data within the framework of the data telegram, which provide information about the filter state of the air filter. A signal transmission device assigned to an ammunition magazine can, in addition to information about the presence of a magazine, also provide information about the full condition of this magazine via the data telegram.

The data telegram is preferably sent in pulses and preferably takes into account a predetermined bit pattern standard. In addition to the content of the data telegram, it is also possible to use the time interval between successively transmitted data telegrams or characteristic pulse sequences to identify the transmitting device that is relevant for the outside of the signal. The identification of the signal transmission device proves to be particularly advantageous if the system according to the invention for analyzing a number of objects accordingly comprises a plurality of signal transmission devices. The signal transmission devices can be identified on the basis of an identification code contained in the respective transmitted signal and / or other, largely unambiguous features of the signals transmitted by the respective transmission device.

In particular for realizing a system, for monitoring a plurality of objects, the signal transmission devices assigned to the objects are preferably configured such that the transmitted signals, in particular signals specific to the object or transmission device, are largely free of overlaps at least in phases Signals transmitted by signal transmission devices can in particular can be achieved in that the signals are emitted in a pulsed manner, the pulses preferably having relatively short phase lengths and, for example, at least 10 times longer intervals between the pulses. It is also possible to generate the individual signals in pulses such that the pulse length and / or the distance between the signal sequences varies, for example at random. This makes it possible to ensure, with a sufficiently high probability, that the signals emitted by the individual signal transmission devices arrive at the receiving device within a not too long time window with a sufficiently high probability.

It is also possible to equip the receiving device with a trigger signal transmitting device for transmitting a trigger signal. The transmission of a preferably coded trigger signal makes it possible to address the individual signal transmission devices in a targeted manner and to prompt them for signal delivery in a predetermined time pattern or with regard to the desired information content. In order to enable such an optionally encrypted signal dialog between the receiving device and the respective transmitting device, a corresponding signal transmitting device is also provided with a trigger signal detection device.

The signal transmission devices can be provided with their own energy source, for example with a button cell, for providing the energy required for signal generation. Alternatively, or in combination with this measure, it is possible to transmit the energy required to generate the signal generated by the signal transmission device to the signal transmission device, in particular via the trigger signal, by electromagnetic and / or capacitive (field-electrical) means. A signal transmission device designed in this way thus comprises an absorption device, formed by a trigger signal detection device, for absorbing energy fractions coupled into the user on the basis of capacitive interaction effects, with at least a part of the absorbed energy fractions in the signal transmission device for generating the object and / or transmission device-specific signals is used.

In addition to the system described above, the present invention also relates to the individual components of this system as such, in particular in the form of units of the signal transmission device and / or the reception device which are ready for traffic or are prepared specifically for the purpose.

The receiving device can be designed as an independent receiving module or can also be integrated in another functional unit, for example in a mobile phone, preferably using functional groups of this functional unit. When the receiving device according to the invention is integrated into a mobile phone, it becomes possible to use its optical, acoustic and, if appropriate, directional output devices.

The signal transmission device is preferably designed such that it can advantageously be coupled to an object to be observed with regard to its presence. For this purpose, the signal transmission device can be designed, for example, as a film component and can be connected to the object to be observed in the manner of an adhesive label. An embodiment of the signal transmission device which is advantageous in particular for detecting the presence of a wallet in the area surrounding a user is provided in that it is designed as an essentially credit card-shaped element which can be inserted, for example, into a credit card receiving compartment of the wallet.

The system described above uses, according to the invention, a method for carrying out a presence analysis of objects, in which, in the course of a signal transmission step, an object-specific or transmitter-specific signal is transmitted by a signal-transmitting device connected to the object to be observed, and in the context of a received signal - Analysis step from a received signal received by a receiving device is judged whether the object provided with the transmitting device is in an observation area. The observation area can advantageously be defined as the area in which the signal generated by the signal transmission device can still be received by the reception device with a predetermined minimum signal intensity. In particular, when the signal generated by the signal transmission device is transmitted by electromagnetic and / or capacitive means, a clearly recognizable drop in intensity occurs when the object to be observed is removed from the area close to the body of the user.

The signal transmission device is preferably operated in a triggered manner with regard to the transmission of the object and / or transmission device-specific signal. It is possible to address the signal transmission device in a targeted manner and to initiate a signal feedback by means of the addressing. An analysis output signal indicating a missing presence of the object to be observed can be generated if the required feedback from the signal transmission device does not occur. This signal feedback can be omitted because, for example, the trigger signal or the signal addressing the signal transmission device has no longer reached the signal transmission device. The feedback can also be omitted if the trigger or interrogation signal has still reached the signal transmission device, but the feedback signal emitted by this does not arrive at the reception device due to the distance from the user being too great, or the signal intensity being too low.

In particular when using a plurality of signal transmission devices, the signals generated by them, in particular object and / or transmission device-specific signals, are preferably transmitted on different frequency bands. This makes it possible to also individually and simultaneously detect signals emitted by different signal transmission devices without collision. It is possible to configure the signal transmission device in such a way that signals generated by it, in particular object or transmission device-specific signals, are transmitted in pulses on two different frequency bands. The time interval between the pulse sequences occurring on two different frequency bands, the pulse sequences as such and / or in particular the content of the pulse sequences can be used to identify the respective signal transmission device and to transmit further information. It is possible to further configure the signal transmission devices in such a way that the signals transmitted by them are present with a high statistical probability with sufficient collision-free at the reception device.

The observation or analysis area is the area in which a signal transmission between the signal transmission device and the Receiving device with a signal transmission characteristic classified, for example, by an intensity threshold value as sufficient. The assessment device can be configured with regard to a desired observation characteristic. It is thus possible, for example, to specify the monitoring area. It is also possible to configure the signal output using a teach procedure. Within the framework of the teach procedure, it can be determined, for example, that the assessment device carries out a completeness check.

As part of a completeness check, the assessment device can, for example, sequentially override the presence of the individual objects of equipment required by the user and generate characteristic output signals for the presence or absence of the queried objects. It is possible to provide an interface device, for example in the form of an enter key, via which the state that certain objects are classified as not being present is classified as correct.

It is also possible to configure the system in such a way that objects entering the observation area and equipped with a signal transmission device according to the invention log on to the assessment device as part of a registration procedure (if necessary in connection with the generation of a signal signal) and that the presence analysis in this case relates to the new one added objects is expanded. As soon as such objects get out of the observation area, a warning signal is generated, for example. In connection with this warning signal - or alternatively, it is possible to generate an observation data record that records, for example, the time of departure and the current GPS data.

It is possible to configure the system in such a way that the entry of certain objects and their recognition lead to a completeness analysis to a predetermined extent. It is thus possible to configure the system in such a way that, for example, the inclusion of a wallet (which is equipped with the signal transmission device according to the invention) means that the presence of a cell phone, a wristwatch and certain others each provide a signal transmission device according to the invention Equipment is required. It is possible to carry out a data transfer to and / or from the receiving device arranged by the user by means of signal transmission devices arranged specifically for the area. Such area-specific receiving devices can be provided, for example, in a passage area. You can, for example, be coupled with a (e.g. house) doorknob or a vehicle door handle. By contacting the above-mentioned elements or also by approximating such system limits, it becomes possible to classify the user's current equipment status as correct, to record this equipment status externally if necessary, and to only generate a warning or loss signal when this equipment status changes. This makes it possible, for example, to generate a warning signal only for the loss of objects (ie for the distance from the observation area), for example after leaving a motor vehicle. When crossing a (eg front door), an object-specific data output - also in the form of acoustic or optical signals - can take place, which shows, for example, which objects are on the user and which objects are still to be assumed, for example, in the motor vehicle. The system according to the invention can also be used for time and presence detection.

The respective assessment results can be intermediately stored in storage devices which are preferably arranged in the area of the assessment device. As an alternative to this, or in combination with it, it is also possible to provide storage devices in the area of the respective signal transmission device. A configuration data record can also be provided in the form of a configuration key on a storage device provided in the area of the signal transmission device, for configuration of the system when entering the observation area and, if necessary, confirmation by the user.

Determinable codes can be generated in the area of the receiving device, in particular the assessment device, which is coupled to the receiving device, for providing an indicative analysis output signal based on the presence or non-presence of the object, and thereby being given special consideration by signal-processing consideration of the receiving event. Thus, the assessment device can trigger a particularly noticeable - object-specific - "reminder signal" if For example, a special object of value, a piece of jewelry, is first brought out of the observation area, in particular a valuable piece of clothing is given to a cloakroom outside the observation area, or an umbrella has been placed in a correspondingly remote stand. The permissibility of bringing out certain objects equipped with a signal transmission device from the observation area can take place through active input or also through the type of delivery of the objects. If, for example, the screen and the sheath are released simultaneously or essentially simultaneously, the removal of these objects can be classified as permissible. As soon as one of these objects returns to the observation area, a reminder signal can be triggered for the still missing object.

The logical evaluation of the signals received by the receiving device and evaluated by the assessment device can be carried out using different strategies, which can preferably be determined by the user. It is thus possible to configure the system according to the invention for outputting visual signals (possibly using the display of a mobile telephone) in such a way that it checks the presence of certain objects. ("Do I actually have it with me?"). The assessment device can also be configured in such a way that the system is complete ((have I forgotten something?)) Or removed (in the event of loss or theft), remembering (of temporarily removed objects) , or unlocked doors), for example from coders AND receivers.

The system component comprising the receiving device can also be given special protection in the system and can also secure an object that is relatively easy to lose or forget.

It is possible to forward a so-called handling code to the receiving device via the signal sending device assigned to the respective object, for example a keychain, or a code sequence (possibly as an attachment or integration sequence of the identification signal). A circuit connected to the receiving device thus receives data which are, for example, indicative of whether a key was used to unlock / unlock a door (in particular before it was put in a pocket) or whether a The right equipment object is in a certain state (fill level, state of charge, temperature, ...).

The invention also relates to a system, system components thereof and methods for carrying out a data transfer in the presence of a user in a data transfer area

In this context, the present invention relates to the implementation of a data transfer by electronic means, in particular in connection with the processing of payment or value-adding processes and the purchase or selection of goods, preferably for the area of end-use acquisition. In particular, the present invention relates to a system, components of this system and a method by means of which a signal sequence can be provided or exchanged during the stay of a person, in particular a customer, or end user in a display, advertising or checkout area, on the basis of which a payment process or the provision of ancillary, discount or bonus services and / or auxiliary functions can be processed or at least coordinated.

When purchasing goods in a retail store, it is customary to pay for them at a checkout before leaving the store. It is known to present customer or payback cards in connection with the payment of the goods, via which customer-specific data can be read out and discount or bonus services can be provided. In the simplest case, these customer cards only carry a barcode which can be read in via a barcode scanner, with further data being able to be read out from a user database on the basis of the data sequence thus read out. Customer cards are also known, which e.g. Magnetic stripes have more extensive data available and can also be recorded on the card side. The presentation of the customer cards and the subsequent storage of them delays the payment process. In particular when paying small amounts, the customer often refrains from presenting the customer cards, whereby the customer misses any discount or bonus services.

The invention also deals with the problem that certain goods, for example alcoholic beverages, smoking articles and medication may only be purchased from specially authorized buyers, e.g. persons of legal age. The problem with such goods is that if they are not permitted to be handed over or passed on illegally, they can also fall into the hands of unauthorized persons and it may not be possible to prove how this was done and by which buyer these goods were first acquired.

In view of the foregoing, the object of the invention is, according to a further aspect, to provide solutions by means of which, for example, in connection with the selection, payment, or handover / transfer of goods, or the provision of services Obligations, services, evidence or coordination processes can be improved or secured.

The present invention is based on the approach of generating a signal via a data transfer device assigned to the customer, in particular carried close to the body, which signal can be coupled into a second data transfer device via the customer in an area surrounding the customer, with a signal processing consideration of a signal a data record is generated by the reception event recorded by the second data transfer device and an operation related to the customer, in particular the provision of a service, is coordinated by this data record.

This makes it possible in an advantageous manner to process extensive product or customer-specific data in connection with a purchase process at a cash register or goods display. On the basis of the transferred object- or customer-specific data, the generation or the further information content of output events can be determined in an advantageous manner by data processing procedures which are optimized for the application, and according to a preferred embodiment of the invention, recordings can also be made by the customer.

The term performance particularly includes the fulfillment of

Obligations, the provision of information, the provision of evidence, the control of coordination processes, the ownership Creation, as well as the provision of discounts, credit notes, information access or the establishment of operational readiness.

To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a system for carrying out a customer or user-related data transfer with: at least one data transfer device to be carried out by the customer, for transmitting and / or receiving a signal sequence, and a second data transfer device which is arranged in a communication area for transmitting and / or receiving a signal sequence, to and / or from the data transfer device to be carried by the customer, and at least one assessment device, which is coupled to one of the data transfer devices, for generating an output data record determined by features of the signal sequence exchanged between the data transfer devices The basis of a signal-processing consideration of the signal sequence, a sequence being coordinated with the customer or the data transfer device carried along by the customer on the basis of the output data record ,

The system according to the invention comprises at least one data transfer device provided for customer or user-side carrying, for sending out an object- or transfer device-specific signal, a second data transfer device for detecting a reception event which contains the object- or transfer device-specific signal, and an assessment device which is associated with the second data transfer device is coupled, for the generation of an output data record determined by features of the object- or transfer device-specific signal on the basis of a signal-processing consideration of the reception event.

To achieve the above object, the present invention furthermore provides a data transfer device for the system according to the invention, the data transfer device being integrated in a carrier element similar to a credit card in terms of its outer dimensions and comprising a circuit area via which a data transfer typical of a customer or payback card can be carried out by a signal is coupled into the user. A corresponding card with a data transfer device specified above also represents a solution to the problem specified at the beginning.

According to the invention, a cash register system is also created for carrying out a customer card-specific data transfer with a data transfer device carried by the customer and integrated into a user card, the cash register system having a data transfer device which is arranged in the region of the cash register system, likewise for sending and / or receiving a signal sequence and / or of data transfer device provided on the user card side, and at least one assessment device, which is coupled to one of the data transfer devices, for generating an output data set determined by features of the signal sequence exchanged between the data transfer devices on the basis of a signal-processing consideration of the signal sequence, whereby on the basis of the output data set, an object-related process associated with the user card-side data transfer device is coordinated.

Further details of the individual complexes of the invention are the subject of the respective subclaims.

The invention can be used as described below by way of example only:

A user is equipped with a credit card-like card, hereinafter referred to as a Signacard. This Signacard is inserted into a wallet and can be carried by the user in this or close to the body.

The Signacard comprises a signal coupling circuit via which signals can be coupled into the user and preferably also read out on the basis of preferably field-electrical interaction principles. This Signacard can also have other, possibly additional, interface devices. The signal coupling circuit is connected to a preferably programmable signal processing circuit. By configuring the signal processing circuit, card- or user-specific data can be made available. The card-side voltage Power can be supplied by battery devices and / or by energy absorption devices.

If a user now equipped with a Signacard according to the invention goes to a shop, he can trigger a data transfer process in the area of a goods display by touching a receiving surface, within the scope of which the data provided by the Signacard can be read out. On the basis of this data, it is possible to provide the user with an offer tailored specifically to the user via a display device.

If the user goes to a checkout area with selected goods, a data transfer can be carried out by manually touching a reception area set up in the checkout area, via which user-specific data provided by the signal processing circuit integrated in the Signacard can be read. On the basis of this data, for example, a guarantee certificate or a receipt with the address of the Signacard user or an individual discount can be calculated.

It is possible to design the Signacard and the system provided for dialogue with it in such a way that data is also recorded or processed in the Signacard area, which is provided via the till or stationary dialogue system and preferably also transmitted using the user as a transmission medium to the Signacard ,

In the present case, it is possible, for example, to store a data record corresponding to the booking of bonus points on the Signacard. These bonus points can lead to price reductions when you continue to purchase goods.

The sensor surfaces mentioned form part of an interface via which a data dialogue with the Signacard can be carried out using the user as a transmission element. The signals coupled into the sensor surfaces can be filtered by a signal processing device and transformed into a standard data format. The further data processing can be carried out by using booking programs, preferably by storing data in a memory accessible via a network system. This memory can preferably be used by different cash registers or data Processing systems can be accessed with different levels of authorization.

The Signacard according to the invention is also particularly suitable for providing proof of authorization, for example for the monitored purchase of alcoholic beverages, tobacco products or film pick-up. It is possible to equip a cigarette vending machine with a sensor surface into which data can be exchanged via a touch contact with the circuit provided by the Signacard according to the invention. Based on this data exchange, it is possible to check the admissibility of the delivery of the tobacco products. It is possible, on the basis of the exchanged data, to provide the cigarette box with a user-specific label, for example, via a printer device. It is also possible to save the package number together with the data of the purchaser. If so monitored goods placed on the market in the hands of unauthorized persons, e.g. If minors are found, it is possible to determine the first purchaser.

By simply carrying the Signacard according to the invention, it is possible for the respective card user to agree individual sales, service or discount conditions. These discount conditions can be optimized on the basis of preferably centrally stored user-specific consumption behavior data.

Plastic cards have long been an inexpensive and accepted means of customer loyalty. In addition to identifying consumers, some of them can also store data (smart cards). Efforts are being made in many places to gain insight into consumer behavior through the use of (expensive) card systems (CRM); a gigantic market is emerging here. The aim is to increase the comfort of these cards and to make them more diverse and selective in real business locations.

Until now, the relationship between buyer and product could only be demonstrated through the purchase, either via the card as a payment instrument or (in the case of cash payment) as a customer loyalty instrument through discounts. The abolition of the discount law and the European € market, however, call for more extensive measures and, above all, clearer distinctive features in terms of comfort and service. The Signacard according to the invention is a solution for this. It is the ideal connection between the old and new economy and the first functioning answer to the demands of "Permission Marketing", whereby the customer himself decides which products and channels he would like to be informed about. Special and Protected advantages should make SignaCards attractive and desirable for consumers:

Comfort: SignaCards do not need to be shown or inserted in slots, they remain in the (pants, coat, letter) pocket (= wearable computing), the identification of a person can be done by touching sensor points with the index finger.

Selection: Sensor points can be attached to cash registers, but also to products or in the area of advertising space or sales shelves. The haptic approach to a product that occurs here has a memory value that is many times higher than a purely visual view. In one process, it is possible to record the customer, the product, the location, the time and the occasion and to process the data obtained in this way.

Feedback: By touching a sensor or a detection area, positive feedback can immediately be initialized on a medium that may have been selected by the consumer (monitor, cell phone, SMS, PC etc.) It is also possible to transfer data based on the card according to the invention Personalize data prices and, for example, distribute points according to dwell time, purchase intervals, brand loyalty etc. and much more.

Security: SignaCards can be configured so that they only contain a (customer) ID number and no personal or movement data.

Using the Signacard according to the invention, it is possible to provide a loss protection system which can be used, for example, to present objects in the vicinity of the user. The content of German patent application 102 22 859.0 is hereby incorporated by reference.

In a particularly advantageous manner, the card according to the invention can be used to identify the user in self-determined, selective actions in real business premises. This allows for inform the user of the providers of potentially relevant information, goods and services about their wishes and provide appropriate feedback. This action is triggered by the customer himself, who carries a SignaCard and touches a sensor point. He doesn't need any computer or other specialist knowledge: he simply touches what interests him with his index finger.

In the automotive home and work area, the Signacard can replace keys (keyless). The way a SignaCard works can be integrated into other card systems. The manufacturing costs can be significantly lower than those of a smart card.

According to yet another aspect of the invention, this also relates to a further refined system and method for carrying out a data transfer, in particular for authorization recognition

In this further respect, the present invention relates generally to a system and a method for carrying out a data transfer, in particular for authorization recognition, for example as part of an authorization request.

Authorization detections or authorization queries are used, for example, in the case of credit card or key systems by analyzing the content of a data sequence, the analysis result determining whether - or to what extent - circuit sequences or data transmission procedures may be carried out or classified as permissible.

Authorization detections of this type can be provided, in particular in the automotive sector, in the case of door locking circuits and / or motor starting circuits. Authorization detections can also be used for electronic payment systems (e.g. credit card payments) as well as systems for time recording or for checking access authorization.

When circuit systems are used to carry out authorization recognition procedures in the motor vehicle sector, for example for the remote-controlled change of the closed state of vehicle doors, in the simplest case a data exchange takes place between a user the key circuit carried on the side and a circuit provided on the vehicle, for example. The signal exchange can take place acoustically, electromagnetic, or in particular optically, wireless or contactless.

The problem with the known key systems is that in the event of unauthorized procurement of the key circuits (data transfer devices, for example check card, key card, remote door lock key, etc.), use thereof can be made without authorization, especially if their loss is noticed late ,

In this latter context, the object of the invention is to provide solutions by means of which the permissibility of using key systems can be ensured with increased reliability.

This object is achieved according to the invention by a system comprising: a data transfer device to be guided by the user, for generating a signal sequence which can be detected by a receiving system and

- an accompanying device to be managed by the user,

- The data transfer device and the accompanying device are designed and configurable such that the signal sequence can be classified depending on whether both the data transfer device and the accompanying device are in the area of the user.

This advantageously makes it possible to handle the signal processing process that can be initiated by the signal sequence in such a way that it can be taken into account whether the accompanying device is also in the area of the user when the data transfer device is used. It is also possible to put the data transfer device into a locked state so that it can no longer be used, or can only be used if additional authorization proofs are fulfilled - e.g. manual entry of the secret number.

In this way, unauthorized use of the data transfer device can be advantageously prevented. The invention is particularly advantageously suitable for use in motor vehicle door locks, in engine starting circuits, and in the processing of cashless payment transactions.

The accompanying device and the data transfer device are preferably designed such that a signal transmission can be carried out between them.

The data transfer device preferably comprises a data processing circuit.

The accompanying device preferably comprises a signal transmission device.

The signal transmission between the accompanying device and the data transfer device is preferably carried out by coupling the signal into the user.

Depending on the intensity of the signal transmitted between the data transfer device and the accompanying device, it is preferably assessed whether both devices are in the area of the user.

The accompanying device can preferably generate a signal that puts the data transfer device in a state to send out a signal sequence that can be classified as authorized.

The accompanying device and the data transfer device are preferably part of a system which carries out a presence assessment or presence analysis.

Depending on the presence assessment, the data transfer device is preferably enabled or disabled.

The accompanying device is preferably integrated in a mobile phone. It is also possible to integrate the accompanying device in a card element or in a piece of user equipment. The data transfer device can advantageously be integrated into a vehicle key device.

The data transfer device can advantageously be integrated into a check card. This check card preferably assumes a blocked state when it is removed from the user area defined by the presence of the attendant device. The blocking criteria or the blocking effect are preferably configurable, it is possible to carry out the configuration in such a way that, in the case of a check card, the number of uses or the booking amount can be limited if this is removed from the user area defined by the presence of the accompanying device.

In the case of a vehicle key device, it can preferably be configured such that the key effect is limited if it is outside the area of the user that can be classified as a presence area.

The signal transmission between the accompanying device and the data transfer device is preferably carried out on the basis of electrostatic interaction effects.

An electrode device is preferably provided on the part of the accompanying device for coupling a signal into the user.

Brief description of the figures

Further details of the present invention will become apparent from the following description in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It shows:

Figure 1 is a schematic illustration to explain the operative linkage of individual functional groups of a signal transmission device, ^•

FIG. 2 shows a further schematic representation to explain the internal architecture of a signal generation device assigned to a signal transmission device; FIG. 3 shows a schematic representation to explain the structure of a signal transmission device integrated in a card-shaped base body;

FIG. 4a is a schematic representation to explain the structure of a preferred embodiment of a receiving device and the assessment device coupled to it;

FIG. 4b shows a diagram to explain a preferred architecture of the assessment device;

FIG. 5 shows a customer card according to the invention designed as a credit card-like unit for processing a data transfer by coupling a signal sequence into the

Card users.

FIG. 6 shows a sketch to explain a system according to the invention;

FIG. 7 shows a schematic representation to explain a preferred embodiment of the data transfer device according to the invention.

Description of preferred embodiments

The present invention is described below with reference to a system for preventing the unnoticed loss of objects which are usually carried by a system user close to the body.

For this purpose, the objects to be observed are provided with a signal transmission device which, in the low-frequency range, couples capacitive (static) signals in the human body or in its clothing by changing the charge. A receiving device provided near the body of the user detects the signal coupled into the body and feeds this signal to a suitable assessment device. This assessment device preferably expects a defined right signal. If this signal fails, a corresponding warning message is communicated to the user acoustically, optically and / or, for example, by vibration. The signal transmission device assigned to the object to be observed is preferably permanently attached to the object to be observed, for example a value object, or is integrated therein. By connecting a corresponding signal transmission device to a wallet, for example, loss of the same can be prevented. The receiving device provided for the detection of the signals generated by the signal transmitting device, as well as the connected components necessary for generating the loss signal, can form an independent receiving device or can be integrated, for example, in a mobile phone or a wristwatch. The signal transmission device can be designed in the manner of a check card and can be inserted into corresponding compartments of a wallet or a purse without the need for professional assembly technology.

FIG. 1 schematically shows a signal transmission device which comprises a capacitive surface 1, a mixer 2, an identity code generator 3, a clock pulse generator 4, and a suppressor 6 coupled to a frequency generator 5.

The signal transmission device constructed in this way can, for example, successively generate a code signal at periodic intervals (for example 3 times per second), which is sent to the capacitive surface 1. In the simplest case, this code signal is generated by the frequency generator 5 alone. In addition, a digital data signal (which contains, for example, an identification number) can be modulated. Alternatively, or in combination with it, it is possible to provide discretizable signals in the form of a "melody" on different frequencies via the identity code generator 3 shown here. A collision of the signals generated by several such signal transmission devices can be sufficiently avoided by the fact that This signal transmission device either works with different frequencies and / or the transmission / pause ratio is coordinated in such a way that collisions are largely avoided or at least occur sufficiently infrequently. Irregular pauses can further reduce the probability of a collision of the signals transmitted by several signal transmission devices Signals are preferably sent over here shown capacitive area in the system user, in particular coupled into the body and / or the clothing thereof, as long as the capacitive area 1 is sufficiently close to the system user.

FIG. 2 shows the architecture of an electronic circuit arrangement provided in the area of the respective signal transmission device, by means of which the signals coupled inductively or capacitively into the user can be generated. The arrangement shown here, which is provided in the area of the signal transmission device, comprises the mixer 2 also provided in the system according to FIG. 1, a configurator 7, a signal generator 8, a burst or. Sleep timer 9, a clock 10 and an ID memory 11 with serial output. The sum signals formed by the mixer 2, from the configurator 7 and the signal generator 8, can be forwarded directly to the skin of the system user via a capacitive surface, optically via light or laser and inductively via a line device. In the case of a variant which is particularly simple in its construction, the module of the signal transmission device provided for signal generation comprises a signal transmitter in the form of an oscillator, the frequency of which is given to an output permanently or in pulses with pause intervals in between.

In the case of a plurality of signal transmission devices, the signals generated in each case can be distinguished by the signals differing either by different duration frequencies and / or by the duration of individual frequency bands and / or the duration of the pauses between them.

In an expanded form, digital information can be impressed on the output frequency or on the output frequencies (AM-FM etc. modulation). It is possible, for example, to send out an identifying identifier successively repeatedly, it also being possible to encrypt the data telegrams exchanged in this way, so that the form of these data telegrams changes continuously. The structure shown in FIG. 2 enables several variants with regard to signal generation and modulation. A central component in this embodiment is the configurator 7, by means of which the functional behavior of the circuit shown here can be determined in an advantageous manner and which sets the individual functional groups into the desired operating state. The configurator 7 can, for example, determine the transmission frequency or the transmission frequencies of the signal generator 8, these signal transmission frequencies also being able to change during a transmission (hopping). In order, for example, to receive a cyclical output of an identifier, it can be accommodated in the ID memory 11 (e.g. shift register connected as a ring counter) and bit by bit from the configurator 7 to the mixer 2 (modulator) via a clock generator 10 (single shot (e.g. monoflop) )) are transferred depending on the configuration as amplitudes or frequency modulation. In the latter case, the frequency of the signal generator 8 can be changed, for example depending on a bit value (1 or 0). In addition to the ID identifier, external data can also be inserted and sent bit by bit into the block. For example, a recipient who responds to the identifier can forward it to another, for example, external system. Before a sequence is transmitted, the configurator 7 can output a defined start character with which a receiver can go into a start position suitable for reliable signal detection in order to be able to correctly assign the received signals.

After a complete signal sequence, in particular data sequence, has been output via the mixer 2, the configurator 7 can be caused by the sleep timer 9 to de-energize the entire assembly or at least individual components thereof for a specific period of time. This pause is preferably much longer than the time of the signal transmission. On the one hand, this saves electricity (important for battery operation) and, on the other hand, gives any other objects associated with signal transmission devices the opportunity to send out their signals with sufficient collision-free. The pauses can be randomly stretched so that even if there is a collision of transmitted data, there is a high probability that they will no longer collide in the next cycle. A typical pulse / pause ratio is 1 to 100, for example. It is possible for the configurator to generate a checksum for each transmission sequence which enables the received signal to be checked for any errors contained therein. The table below shows the components of the signal generator described in connection with tasks and properties.

Physical embodiments of code signal transmitters

To achieve a receiver (description follows) via a user, the signal transmission device preferably feeds a signal via a pole directly into a contact point or indirectly via a capacitive surface from a few centimeters away into the user. The opposite pole uses parasitic capacitances that form the transmitter and receiver (e.g. via earth, body, etc.).

The signal and identifier can also be sent optically (laser, LED, IR, ETC) acoustically (sound, ultrasound, ITC) or inductively (stray field, coupler ETC). The signal transmission approaches described can also be used in combination.

The signal transmission device preferably comprises a voltage supply, which can be implemented, for example, by a battery, the sleep timer 9, which is preferably integrated in the signal transmission device, enables a long operating time since between the individual ones Signal sequences the voltage supply can be switched off by the sleep timer.

According to a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the voltage supply or at least a support thereof can take place using a solar cell.

The signal transmission device according to the invention can be integrated into pins, key fobs, stickers or check cards. In particular with regard to the receiving device described below, it becomes possible to implement functional components of this system using circuits of electronic devices. For example, it is possible to implement the receiving device according to the invention with recourse to the functional groups provided by a mobile telephone.

The ID number preferably generated by the ID memory 11 is preferably unique. This makes it possible to uniquely identify the object assigned to the corresponding signal transmission device. The signal transmission device according to the invention can be integrated as a code signal transmitter in a push button-like element that can be attached to items of clothing, valuables and equipment accessories in an advantageous manner. This makes it possible to use the presence analysis system according to the invention to determine whether the system user is properly dressed - e.g. Wear protective clothing and any other accessories that may be required are in the area of the user.

FIG. 3 shows an embodiment of the signal transmission device according to the invention as a credit card-like element. This signal transmission device comprises a capacitive surface 1 formed by a copper foil, which is arranged over a large area in the credit card-like element. This capacitive surface is connected to a signal transmitter 12, which in its structure can correspond, for example, to the circuits described above in connection with FIGS. 1 and 2. The voltage supply of the signal generator 12 and the further functional components connected therein takes place in this exemplary embodiment via a flat battery 13, which is designed here as a lithium battery. the signal transmission device shown here is designed as a flat customer card, the signal being transmitted via the capacitive surface 1 designed as a copper foil surface. The loss of a wallet containing important papers, the loss of a wallet with money and credit cards can be recorded briefly if the wallet or the wallet is equipped with such a signal transmission device.

FIG. 4a shows the structure of a preferred embodiment of a receiving device with an assessment device connected to it.

The receiving device comprises a capacitive surface 14 which is coupled to a decoder 16 via an operational amplifier 15. The operational amplifier 15 picks up the input signal, which is detected via the capacitive area 14, which generally has a low intensity and amplifies it in such a way that it can be processed by the decoder 16. This decoder 16 generates, for example, a numerical value corresponding to the frequency of the detected signal (in the simplest embodiment) or decodes em data telegram modulated onto the frequency, in particular an identification code modulated onto the frequency. A comparator 17 determines whether the determined value already exists. If this value is not available, it will be saved in a free memory location. An incrementable payer 19 selects the next free memory location and remains on it after a value recognized for the first time has been entered there.

In this exemplary embodiment, after the payer has been incremented, a retriggerable monoflop 20 is started. The above-mentioned comparison establishes the next time a signal is received whether its value has already been stored and, if necessary, increments the payer 19, which thus points to the next position and retriggered the monoflop. If the storage space is empty, the payer automatically increments until it points to a storage space occupied by a value. With this arrangement, several expected values from different signal transmission devices can be monitored by only one monoflop 20.

signaling device If an expected signal does not arrive, the retriggering for the monoflop is omitted and it falls back to the starting position after the set time. It triggers two functions. First, the relevant memory location in the memory bank 18 is deleted. In addition, a signal generator 21 is activated, which can generate acoustic, optical and / or, for example, also haptically perceptible, for example in the form of vibrations. The signal signals generated in this way can be generated in such a way that it can be seen from this which signal transmission device or which associated with it has just been removed from the area surrounding the system user.

The digital functions of the receiving device described above and of the evaluation device thus connected to the data network can preferably be determined via a microcontroller or another logic module.

Aplikationsbeispiele

The signal transmission devices designed as signal transmitter units can be designed, for example, as plastic cards for purses or wallets, as tags for car and (or apartment keys) and as stickers for stickers on valuable objects such as cameras, camcorders and cell phones. The ones intended for receiving and evaluating the signals The receiver unit can be accommodated as a small device on a belt buckle of the user. It is possible to make the use of the system according to the invention visible by means of an equipment element which is easily recognizable from the outside, the receiver device according to the invention for example being integrated into this equipment element. Button-type signal transmission or signal reception devices can, for example, be issued to tourists as part of travel events, and pickpockets can be recognized by tourists equipped in this way increased risk of crime because theft of an object secured by the system according to the invention is immediately noticeable.

In a particularly advantageous manner, the receiving device according to the invention is accommodated in a mobile phone or in a wristwatch. In the case of a cell phone, the call signaling devices (bell; Vibration generator) can be used. It is also possible to use the alarm or wake-up systems present in the integration of the receiving device according to the invention in clocks. The system according to the invention is preferably coordinated in such a way that the removal of an object equipped with a corresponding signal transmission device by more than 15 cm and a time period of more than 1.5 seconds from the user's body already triggers an alarm signal. The distance of the signal receiver from the user's body by a predetermined distance of, for example, half a meter preferably also leads to the output of an alarm signal. The distance of the signal receiver from the user's body by a predetermined distance of, for example, half a meter preferably also leads to the output of an alarm signal.

Figure 4b shows a further structure of a receiving device according to the invention with an assessment device connected to it. The circuit shown in FIG. 4b comprises an operational amplifier 15 which, for example via a high-gain active bandpass, forwards the reception event to a sound decoder 16 via a reception device designed, for example, as a capacitive surface. The operational amplifier makes it possible to largely suppress omnipresent hum voltages and preferably only feed the signals filtered in this way to the sound decoder. The tone decoder 16 can either detect a fixed evaluation frequency (usually adjustable by an RC element) or a frequency found by an (analog or digital) ramp generator (which stops the ramp generator at this point). In the first case, the presence and duration of signals can be measured, while in the second case, the frequencies used can also be determined. In the first case, a simple on / off function can be implemented. Otherwise, the signals are passed on to a processing system (microcontroller) that also controls the operation of the ramp generator. A second, expanded version has components that can process the received signals independently (autonomously).

The reception register 25 takes over the central control of the circuit shown here. First, it provides the ramper 26 (for example a DA converter or a digital potentiometer) Tone decoder 16 to an agreed frequency and remains until a start signal is detected. (In this circuit variant, the signal amplification of the input amplifier 15 can also be regulated via the ramper 26, autogain is possible). If this is the case, the receive buffer is filled bit by bit and a checksum is formed. This checksum must match the checksum of the transmission signal that is also sent at a certain point in the sequence; only then can the sequence, which consists of one or more bytes, be processed as follows:

A specific (or determinable) byte contains 4-bit control instructions and 4-bit memory location selection in the correspondence register 27 (this corresponds to 16 memory locations of 24 bits each, other versions with more or less memory are also possible). The memory location so selective is switched to the comparator 28. This comparator 28 compares the bit pattern contained in the memory location with one from the receive buffer with which the signal transmitter identification number represents. If they match, a tax instruction is generated. In this embodiment, the data in the correspondence register 27 are not volatile; once entered, they can preferably not be changed or can only be changed in connection with a special authorization certificate. The control instructions are described in more detail below. For example, there are instructions which, when the code matches, cause the changeover switch 29 to control the output SET, its state then remains until another control code changes it or a clear impulse from the outside accomplishes this. A control command causes the lost timer 30 to ensure that the code stored in the selected correspondence register 27 is received again within one second. If this is not the case, a level is briefly output via the strobe input and the set input is reset.

The invention is not restricted to the exemplary embodiments described above. For example, the logical processing of the analysis results of the assessment device can also take place in a case-specific manner, deviating from the configurations described above. Further details of the present invention result from the following description, in particular in conjunction with FIG. 5 of the accompanying drawings.

The card shown comprises a base body 1 with outer dimensions similar to credit cards. An electronic circuit 3 is integrated in the base body 1 and is coupled to a voltage supply device 2.

The circuit 3 comprises a signal generation device, referred to here as a signal generator 4, for generating a card-specific signal sequence. The signal generator 4 is in signal connection with a signal coupling device 5. The signal coupling device 5 is designed in such a way that, in conjunction with the signal generator 4, it enables the signal sequence to be coupled into the user on the basis of field-electrical interaction effects.

In this exemplary embodiment, the signal coupling device 5 is designed as a surface electrode. The voltage and frequency characteristics are coordinated in such a way that they are harmless from both the EMC criteria and the physiological point of view.

The signal generator 4 can be configured in such a way that it only causes a data output.

It is also possible to design and configure the signal transmitter in such a way that it also enables data recording and in particular a full-duplex data dialog.

In the area of the signal transmitter 4, a programmable, configurable computer device can be provided, in particular via which an encrypted data exchange can also be carried out.

The card according to the invention makes it possible to put the card user into a state by carrying the card in such a way that he can transfer data between his card and another dialog system by touching a coupling surface. On the basis of this data transfer, it is possible to coordinate a variety of processes. The signal transfer takes place by coupling the signal sequence into the user. The user forms part of a signal transmission path that can be closed intuitively, for example by a pointer movement to a receiving surface 7. The signal sequence can be configured as a pulse sequence, wherein in particular the pulse lengths and / or the pulse intervals can represent a digital data pattern.

FIG. 6 shows a user who is equipped with an accompanying device 1, which is integrated here in a wristwatch as an example.

Via the accompanying device, it is possible to couple a preferably coded signal into the user.

This signal can be detected by a data transfer device 2 located in the area of the user, as long as it is in the area of the user.

The data transfer device is designed here, for example, as a credit card-like element, which can serve, for example, as a key device for a vehicle door lock and / or as a check card for cashless payment, as proof of access authorization or the like.

The data transfer device is provided with an interface device via which a data sequence generated by the data transfer device can be output.

The configuration state of the data transfer device 2 is determined as a function of whether or not a signal transmission of a signal suitable for presence monitoring is possible via the user or through the common surrounding area of the accompanying device 1 and the data transfer device 2.

It is possible to design the data transfer device 2 in such a way that it transmits it to an external receiving system (vehicle-side

System components; Payment system) signal sequence to be generated only then - or only then generated as sufficient for itself - can be, if a defined dialog condition is still fulfilled with the accompanying device guided by the user.

The dialog condition can be matched to requirements, so that, for example, the data transfer device is only blocked or restricted after a predetermined holding time has elapsed. It is also possible to make the content of the signal sequence that can be generated by the data transfer device dependent on whether a defined presence criterion of the data transfer device 2 and the at least one additional accompanying device 1 is met.

It is possible to provide authorization-relevant data in the attendant device 1, so that the signal sequence to be provided by the data transfer device 2 for the external system is generated using the data stored in the attendant device.

The user-internal signal transmission S1 which takes place between the accompanying device 1 and the data transfer device 2 serves for phase observation, i.e. checking whether both system components 1, 2 are in the area of the user.

The signal sequence S2, which may be selectively emitted, in particular emitted, by the data transfer device 2 preferably forms a key sequence, by means of which e.g. a change in the locked state of a vehicle door, or a payment transaction can be initiated.

The data transfer device 2 can be configured such that the key sequence S2 that can be generated by this is determined whether the presence of both system components 1, 2 is present.

The accompanying device 1 can be designed in such a way that it indicates the absence of the data transfer device 2. The

Accompanying device can also be integrated into other items of equipment or serve to monitor the presence of other objects.

The data transfer device 2 can be designed in such a way that it expects a signal sequence S1 from the accompanying device 1 at predetermined time intervals. It is also possible to design the accompanying device 1 in such a way that it there were signals expected from the data transfer device 2 and an activation signal was only generated when there was a receivable event.

FIG. 7 shows an embodiment of the data transfer device 2, which can be used, for example, as a self-locking check card or as a function-limited vehicle key.

Further aspects of the present invention also result from the following concept description:

The basic idea

Key signal transfer devices, credit cards or cards with personal data block themselves in a defined manner, e.g. immediately or after a defined period of time against abuse if they are not in the immediate vicinity of their owner. An additional security aspect arises in particular for “keyless” systems in the automotive sector.

execution

For example, the data transfer device, which is designed like a card and is referred to below as a card, comprises a conductive foil (e.g. copper) as a capacitive surface. An accompanying device worn on the body, referred to below as the transmitter, feeds a constantly changing data telegram on a carrier frequency and modulates it. A sensor in the card receives the signal, decrypts it and starts a programmable timer that releases the "normal" card functions for a definable time (usually a few minutes). If the card is removed from the holder, the release signal fails The card locks itself in. An integrated encoder now sends a blocking code over the surface, which can be received by a simple reading device, so that cards with magnetic strips can also be protected.

The encoder in the card can also be used to acknowledge the incoming signals in such a way that its holder can observe the presence of the card, for example by means of a light signal (LCD etc.) on a receiving device (eg in the clock). Furthermore, an identifiable signal can be modulated onto the card transmitter, which can trigger switching processes in a wide variety of receivers (from simple closing processes to proof of ownership). This signal can be independent of the card function, but it is possible to identify the holder (contactless membership card, customer card etc.). It is also possible to form a "combi-signal" which can only be processed in cooperation with the signals from the body giver (accompanying device). The body giver should be able to be carried in a captive manner in a first embodiment, for example in belts, watches, rings, shoe inserts , Buttons, etc.

receiver

The sensor in the card must be able to receive, amplify, decode and evaluate a signal (from a body encoder) that is modulated with data and capacitively applied to the control surface. In contrast to the transponder, no energy has to be transmitted in a high-frequency manner. This could be an alternative if it turns out that electromagnetic radiation near the body can lead to health problems.

timer

Blocking a card only after a few minutes outside a holder's environment (aura) can e.g. in a restaurant or the like make sense to pay an invoice. However, reading devices could also be equipped in such a way that they are brought to the guest and the card does not have to be handed over. At cash registers, terminals, communication devices, etc., however, it is customary to give the card briefly out of hand. In the future, the card-internal encoder signal could also be used for identification. The card can then remain in the (pants-jacket-coat) pocket.

The owner then only needs to touch a sensor. If the card is used improperly, the timer had activated the lock code. There is thus a high risk of detection of such abuse. In addition, the timer shows how long the card has no longer been "triggered" by the holder's body encoder. In return, the timer can send a signal via the internal encoder within the permissible "third-party" treatment of the card, which has this permissibility approved. As a result, the lack of signals could lead to the conclusion that the card was manipulated. Capacitive supply

Rechargeable batteries or "gold caps" could be supplied with energy if the card was held in a capacitive alternating field. Of course, it is also possible to charge batteries via a contact surface.

"Tribocharging"

The plastic material on the card itself literally uses a special form of energy supply to charge the internal energy storage device. The card is rubbed with a (cotton-silk - etc.) cloth so that it is statically charged.

This charge also appears on the capacitive surface inside. At a certain voltage level, this could discharge via a lock (e.g. diode, high-side switch, etc.) into a capacitor that supplies the economical (CMOS) logic.

Determination of the coupling capacitance Since the area of the card guide foil is constant, as is the output level of the body giver, the distance of the card to the body of its holder forms an AC resistance, which is higher the further the card is removed. It is therefore possible to issue a warning "in good time" via the internal card transmitter before it disappears from the immediate vicinity.

Level increase when sending

To ensure that the internal encoder is received safely, it can increase its "transmit level" far above the supply voltage. Two capacitors are initially connected in parallel. An electronic switch connects them in series after charging, so that almost twice the voltage is generated. This is then switched on switched a third capacitor.

Unlike a (known) cascade, the first capacitors are now connected in parallel again and then charged with the now double voltage of the third capacitor and so on. With only three capacitors, a voltage that can be increased depending on the number of switching processes can be generated. Forgotten coders

Of course, it may happen that a body code provider has been forgotten, which is why the card sends a lock code. Since the lock code also contains an identification code, the legitimate owner only needs to identify himself (or password to call center etc.) in order to be able to use at least restricted card functions. An abusive user will probably never identify himself.

Claims

CLAIMS:

1. System for presence analysis of objects with: - at least one signal transmission device, which is assigned to an object to be observed with regard to its presence, for transmitting an object-specific or transmission device-specific signal, - a reception device for detecting a reception event which, in the case of an object presence, or contains transmitter-specific signal, and an assessment device, which is coupled to the receiving device, for generating an indicative analysis output signal based on the presence or non-presence of the object by signal-processing consideration of the receiving event.

2. System according to claim 1, wherein the signal transmitter is designed such that it couples the object- or transmitter-specific signal based on capacitive interaction effects into a user carrying the receiver, for at least partial transmission of the object- or transmitter-specific signals via the body and / or the user's clothing.

3. The system according to claim 2, wherein the receiving device has a receiving element for detecting the object-specific or transmitting device-specific signal coupled into the user on the basis of capacitive interaction effects.

4. System according to at least one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the signal transmission device is designed such that the object- or transmission device-specific signal is configured as a data telegram.

5. System according to claim 4, wherein the data telegram carries an identification code.

6. System according to at least one of claims 1 to 5, wherein it comprises a plurality of signal transmission devices.

7. System according to at least one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the signal transmission devices are configured such that the transmitted object-specific or transmitter-specific signals are at least in phases largely free of overlaps.

8. System according to at least one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the receiving device comprises a trigger signal transmitting device for transmitting a trigger signal.

9. System according to at least one of claims 1 to 8, wherein at least one of the signal transmission devices comprises a trigger signal detection device.

10. The system according to claim 9, wherein at least one signal transmission device has an absorption device for absorbing energy fractions coupled into the user on the basis of inductive and / or capacitive interaction effects, wherein in the transmission device at least a part of the absorbed energy fractions for generating the object or transmission device-specific signals is used.

11. Receiving device for a system according to at least one of claims 1 to 10 with an output device for outputting the presence output signal in an acoustic, optical and / or haptic manner.

12. Receiving device according to claim 11, which is integrated in a mobile phone.

13. Signal transmission device for a system according to at least one of claims 1 to 10, wherein it is designed such that it can be coupled to an object to be observed with regard to its presence.

14. Transmitting device according to claim 13, wherein it is incorporated in a check card-like base body.

15. Procedure for performing a presence analysis of objects at which

- In the context of a signal transmission step, an object-specific or transmitter-specific signal is transmitted via a signal transmitter connected to the object to be observed, and - In the context of a received signal analysis step, it is judged from a received signal received by a receiving device whether the object provided with the transmitting device is located in an observation area.

16. The method according to claim 15, wherein the observation area is determined by a minimum signal intensity of the received signal.

17. The method according to claim 15 or 16, wherein the object or transmission device-specific signal carries an identification code.

18. The method according to at least one of claims 14 to 17, wherein the signal transmission device is operated triggered with respect to the transmission of the object and / or transmission device-specific signal.

19. The method according to at least one of claims 15 to 18, wherein in the case of the use of a plurality of transmitting devices, the object and / or transmitting device-specific signals are transmitted on different frequency bands.

20. The method according to at least one of claims 15 to 19, wherein each signal transmission device transmits an object- or transmission device-specific signal in pulses on two different frequency bands.

21. The method according to at least one of claims 15 to 19, wherein the time interval between pulsed object- or transmission device-specific signals is changed.

22. System for carrying out a data transfer with: at least one data transfer device provided for carrying by the user, for sending and / or receiving a signal sequence, a second data transfer device which is arranged in a communication area, also for sending and / or receiving a signal sequence, to and / or from the data transfer device carried by the user, and at least one assessment device, which is coupled to one of the data transfer devices, for generating a Features of the output data set determined between the data transfer devices exchanged on the basis of a signal-processing consideration of the signal sequence, wherein a sequence related to the user in FIG. 5 is coordinated on the basis of the output data set.

23. The system of claim 22, wherein the data transfer device to be carried by the user is integrated in a credit card-like unit.

[0

24. The system of claim 22 or 23, wherein the data transfer device to be carried by the user has a signal transmission device and a signal reception device.

25. The system according to at least one of claims 22 to 24, wherein the second data transfer device has a signal transmission device and a signal reception device.

26. The system according to claim 25, wherein the data transfer device to be carried by the user outputs a data telegram which carries user-specific information or booking data, in particular discount-relevant data.

27. System according to at least one of claims 22 to 26, wherein the 5 second data transfer device with a cash register system is in the data network.

28. The system according to at least one of claims 22 to 27, wherein the second data transfer device, if predetermined criteria are met, sends a data sequence to the data transfer device to be carried by the user, and an assessment device provided in the area of the data transfer device carried by the user checks the information content of the data sequence, and that if the test criteria specified on the object or goods side are fulfilled, a function release or function lock is initiated.

29. System according to at least one of claims 22 to 28, wherein the signal communication between the two data transfer devices 0 takes place on the basis of capacitive, field-electrical interaction effects.

30. Credit card-like element with a data transfer device for performing a data transfer by coupling a signal sequence into the body of a user.

31. POS system with a data transfer device for performing a data transfer with a data transfer device to be carried by the user for sending and / or receiving a signal sequence, a second data transfer device which is arranged in the area of the checkout system, also for sending and / or receiving a signal sequence, to and / or by the data transfer device to be carried by the user, and at least one assessment device, which is coupled to one of the data transfer devices, for generating an output data record determined by features of the signal sequence exchanged between the data transfer devices on the basis of a signal-processing consideration of the signal sequence, based on the output data record process coordinated with the user of the card to be carried by the user.

32. The cash register system according to claim 31, wherein a guarantee certificate is created as part of the process coordination, on the basis of data that were issued by the data transfer device to be carried by the user.

33. Cash register system according to claim 31 or 32, wherein a data sequence is fed to the data transfer device to be carried out by the user via the second data transfer device, and a check is carried out in the area of the data transfer device to be carried by the user, with a process coordination taking place as a function of a check result.

34. Method for carrying out a user- or customer-related data transfer electronically, in particular in connection with the purchase of goods or services, in which a data sequence is output as part of a customer card identification step via a data transfer device carried by the user and integrated in a customer card, and by of a second data transfer device is detected, processing consideration of a reception event detected by the second data transfer device, a service related to the user or the goods purchase is coordinated.

35.System comprising: a data transfer device to be guided by the user, for generating a signal sequence which can be detected by a receiving system and - an accompanying device also to be guided by the user, - the data transfer device and the accompanying device being designed and configurable such that, depending on whether both the data transfer device and the accompanying device are in the area of the user, the signal sequence can be classified.

36. System according to claim 35, characterized in that the accompanying device and the data transfer device are designed such that a signal transmission can be carried out between them.

37. System according to claim 35 or 36, characterized in that the data transfer device comprises a data processing circuit.

38. System according to at least one of claims 35 to 37, characterized in that the accompanying device comprises a signal transmission device.

39. System according to at least one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the signal transmission between the accompanying device and the signal transmission device takes place with the coupling of the signal into the user.

40. System according to at least one of claims 35 to 39, characterized in that, depending on the intensity of the signal transmitted between the data transfer device and the accompanying device, it is assessed whether both devices are in the area of the user.

41. System according to at least one of claims 35 to 40, characterized in that a signal is generated by the accompanying device, which switches the data transfer device into a state. sends out a signal sequence that can be classified as authorized.

42. System according to at least one of claims 35 to 41, characterized in that the accompanying device and the data transfer device are part of a system which carries out a presence assessment.

43. System according to at least one of claims 35 to 42, characterized in that the data transfer device is enabled or disabled as a function of the presence assessment.

44. System according to at least one of claims 35 to 43, characterized in that the accompanying device is integrated in a mobile phone.

45. System according to at least one of claims 35 to 44, characterized in that the accompanying device is integrated in a card element.

46. System according to at least one of claims 35 to 45, characterized in that the accompanying device is integrated in a piece of user equipment.

47. System according to at least one of claims 35 to 46, characterized in that the data transfer device is integrated in a vehicle key device.

48. System according to at least one of claims 35 to 47, characterized in that the data transfer device is integrated in a check card.

49. System according to at least one of claims 35 to 48, characterized in that the check card assumes a blocked state when it is removed from the user area defined by the presence of the attendant device.

50. System according to at least one of claims 35 to 49, characterized in that the blocking criteria are configurable.

51. System according to at least one of claims 35 to 50, characterized in that the locking effect is configurable.

52. System according to at least one of claims 35 to 51, characterized in that in the case of a check card, the number of uses or the amount of booking can be limited if this is removed from the user area defined by the presence of the accompanying device.

53. System according to at least one of claims 35 to 52, characterized in that, in the case of a vehicle key device, it can be configured such that the key effect is limited if it is outside the area of the user that can be classified as a presence area.

54. System according to at least one of claims 35 to 53, characterized in that the signal transmission between the accompanying device and the data transfer device takes place on the basis of electrostatic interaction effects.

55. System according to at least one of claims 35 to 54, characterized in that an electrode device is provided on the part of the accompanying device, for coupling a signal into the user.

56. Signal transmission device for a system according to at least one of claims 35 to 55.

57. Accompanying device for a system according to at least one of claims 35 to 56.

58. Motor vehicle locking system with: a door locking device and a receiving device for receiving a signal sequence causing a change in the locking state, a data transfer device to be guided by the user for sending out the signal sequence, and

- An accompanying device that is also to be guided by the user, - The data transfer device and the accompanying device are designed and configurable in such a way that they are dependent on one another whether the data transfer device and the accompanying device are in the area of the user, the signal sequence can be classified as suitable for changing the locking state.

59. Motor vehicle locking system according to claim 23, characterized in that the data transfer device is integrated in a key device.