EP1511934B1 - Injector for injecting fuel - Google Patents
Injector for injecting fuel Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1511934B1 EP1511934B1 EP03756968A EP03756968A EP1511934B1 EP 1511934 B1 EP1511934 B1 EP 1511934B1 EP 03756968 A EP03756968 A EP 03756968A EP 03756968 A EP03756968 A EP 03756968A EP 1511934 B1 EP1511934 B1 EP 1511934B1
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- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- diameter
- inlet
- outlet
- injector according
- spray orifice
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Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
- F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
- F02M61/18—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for
- F02M61/1806—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for characterised by the arrangement of discharge orifices, e.g. orientation or size
- F02M61/1846—Dimensional characteristics of discharge orifices
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
- F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
- F02M61/18—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for
- F02M61/1806—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for characterised by the arrangement of discharge orifices, e.g. orientation or size
- F02M61/1833—Discharge orifices having changing cross sections, e.g. being divergent
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M65/00—Testing fuel-injection apparatus, e.g. testing injection timing ; Cleaning of fuel-injection apparatus
- F02M65/007—Cleaning
- F02M65/008—Cleaning of injectors only
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an injector for injection of fuel in a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine through at least one spray hole.
- injectors for injecting fuel in a combustion chamber are injection holes, through which the fuel is injected into the combustion chamber, usually cylindrical educated. So far, here were one or two Spray holes provided. For an improved exhaust behavior To achieve the internal combustion engine has been proposed, the To manufacture injection holes of smaller diameter and at the same time increase the number of spray holes. extensive However, motor investigations have shown that when using contaminated fuel, which for example an increased concentration of co-formulants like Zinc, copper, etc. as well as their compounds contains deposits (Coking) at the outlet opening of the spray holes form. This will cause the flow through the spray holes decreases, so that the injection quantity decreases in the engine and the power of the engine thus continuously decreases. This problem occurs especially at large and maximum Load conditions where very high temperatures prevail.
- the document DE 198 54 828 A1 discloses an injector for injecting of fuel in a combustion chamber known which at least one injection hole with an inlet opening and a Has outlet opening.
- the injection hole cross section expands facing outward in the direction of the valve seat surface Page, d. H. towards the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine, which makes it possible already in the injection port to generate a cavitation or turbulence, so that the Fuel jet significantly closer to the nozzle decays.
- each injection hole with a device for the targeted generation of cavitation provided at the outlet opening to be stored in operation Remove deposits or the formation of deposits to prevent.
- the invention is thus aware of cavitation generated, i. it will be deliberately steam bubbles at the injection hole generated by falling below the vapor pressure, which then targeted at the outlet of the injection hole, where the unwanted deposits occur to be imploded. in this connection arise at these points pressure waves of several thousand bar, whereby the spray holes freed of deposits or a deposit is prevented from the beginning.
- a device for self-cleaning the outlet openings of the spray nozzles are provided.
- the device for targeted production cavitation by design of the geometric dimensions the injection hole integrated into the injection hole.
- the injection hole shape is somewhat unfavorable in terms of flow designed so that to a certain extent a targeted cavitation occurs.
- This is a flow-related Cavitation achieved by virtue of the shape the spray hole the flow is no longer able to follow the given geometry of the injection hole, so that cavitation occurs.
- the injection hole has on average a barrel-like shape on. Under a barrel-like shape according to the invention thereby a form understood, which is in the direction of flow first expanded and then rejuvenated. hereby can by simple geometric design of the spray hole the imploding of the cavitation bubbles to the outlet opening of the spray hole are laid to the unwanted deposits to avoid.
- the injection hole preferably has a symmetrical Barrel shape up. More preferably, the inlet cross-sectional area the barrel-shaped injection run greater or equal the outlet cross-sectional area. Further preferred are the inlet cross-sectional area and the outlet cross-sectional area respectively circular, wherein an inlet diameter is equal to or larger than an outlet diameter.
- the ratio of the inlet diameter to a maximum Diameter of the barrel-shaped injection hole between 0.9 and 0.95. It is at a ratio inlet diameter to maximum diameter of the barrel-shaped injection hole of 0.91 a safe prevention of deposits possible.
- the inlet diameter is between 5 ⁇ m to 25 ⁇ m smaller than the maximum diameter of the barrel Injection port. At a difference of the inlet diameter to the maximum diameter of at least 10 microns can deposits safely prevented. Further preferred is Ratio of the inlet diameter to the outlet diameter of the barrel-shaped injection hole between 1 and 1.3, in particular at 1.1.
- the injection hole is the ratio of the injection hole length to a mean diameter of the spray hole less than or equal 6.5.
- the average diameter is the average Diameter over the length of the spray hole.
- Invention can the coking tendency of the spray hole thereby be reduced, that at the outlet opening a sharp edge is formed. That is, at the outlet port no rounding of the edge is made, so that one sharp transition between the spray hole and the combustion chamber is available. This sharp transition prevents deposition co-formulants while ensuring that that cavitation bubbles occur at the injection hole edge and there can implode.
- the present invention can be used both with injectors Seat hole nozzles (VCO) as well as injectors with blind hole nozzles be used.
- VCO Vehicle Operator
- injectors with blind hole nozzles be used.
- the injection hole 1 has a symmetrical barrel shape.
- the injection hole 1 is symmetrical both to a plane containing the center axis of the spray hole as well as in a plane imaginary by the maximum diameter D max of the injection hole 1 level.
- the injection hole 1 has an inlet opening 2 and an outlet opening 3.
- the diameter D A of the inlet port 2 equal to the diameter D of the outlet opening 3, wherein the openings 2, 3 are circular.
- the injection hole 1 is in a known manner in a nozzle body 6 formed and at an injection-side end of a blind hole arranged.
- the blind hole comprises a valve seat surface, which released by means of a valve needle or is closed to perform an injection.
- the fuel enters the injection port at the inlet port 2 1 and flows from the outlet port 3 in a Combustion chamber 10 of an internal combustion engine a.
- the maximum diameter D max of the injection hole 1 is arranged at half the length L / 2 of the total length L of the injection hole.
- the ratio of the inlet diameter D Ein to the maximum diameter D max is 0.91. Since the inlet diameter D equal to the outlet diameter D A is Off, the ratio of inlet diameter to outlet diameter. 1
- the flow direction and the deflections at the injection hole 1 of the flow are indicated by the arrows in the figure. Due to the geometric shaping of the injection hole in barrel form, a strong deflection of the flow is generated at the inlet opening 2, so that cavitation bubbles 7 are formed.
- the inlet edge 4 of the inlet opening 2 is rounded with a predetermined radius R.
- the resulting cavitation bubbles 7 are entrained by the flow. Due to the large pressure differences in the injection hole 1, the cavitation bubbles implode, which is indicated in the figures by the reference numeral 8.
- the outlet opening 3 is freed from the deposits 9 occurring there.
- a self-cleaning of the injection hole 1 is possible.
- the inclination of the cavitation bubbles 7 for imploding at the outlet opening 3 can also be adjusted in a targeted manner by forming a sharp outlet edge 5.
- the outlet edge 5 is formed as a sharp edge.
- the injection hole 1 according to the second embodiment substantially corresponds to the first embodiment, with the difference that it is formed only symmetrically with respect to a plane through the center axis of the injection hole and asymmetrical with respect to a level equal to the length L / 2 of the wall thickness L of the nozzle body 6.
- the maximum diameter D max of the barrel-shaped injection hole 1 according to the second embodiment is arranged between the inlet opening 2 and the half length L / 2 of the injection hole 1 (see FIG.
- the ratio of the inlet diameter D Ein to the maximum diameter D max is 0.94. Further, the ratio of the inlet diameter D. A to the outlet diameter D of 1.05. Otherwise, this embodiment corresponds to the first embodiment, so that reference may be made to the description there.
- this is between the outer surface the nozzle body 6 and the injection hole 1 at the outlet opening 3 an outlet edge 5 is formed at an angle ⁇ , so that a sharp-edged transition from the spray hole to the combustion chamber 10 results.
- the injection hole is 1 widening in the direction of flow, more precisely conically widening, formed.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
Description
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft einen Injektor zum Einspritzen von Kraftstoff in einen Brennraum einer Brennkraftmaschine durch wenigstens ein Spritzloch.The present invention relates to an injector for injection of fuel in a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine through at least one spray hole.
Bei bekannten Injektoren zum Einspritzen von Kraftstoff in einen Brennraum sind Einspritzlöcher, durch welche der Kraftstoff in den Brennraum eingespritzt wird, üblicherweise zylindrisch ausgebildet. Bisher wurden hierbei ein oder zwei Spritzlöcher vorgesehen. Um ein verbessertes Abgasverhalten der Brennkraftmaschine zu erreichen, wurde vorgeschlagen, die Spritzlöcher mit kleinerem Durchmesser zu fertigen und gleichzeitig die Anzahl der Spritzlöcher zu erhöhen. Umfangreiche motorische Untersuchungen haben jedoch gezeigt, dass bei einem Einsatz von kontaminiertem Kraftstoff, welcher beispielsweise eine erhöhte Konzentration von Beistoffen wie Zink, Kupfer, usw. sowie deren Verbindungen enthält, sich Ablagerungen (Verkokungen) an der Auslassöffnung der Spritzlöcher bilden. Dadurch wird der Durchfluss durch die Spritzlöcher verringert, so dass die Einspritzmenge in den Motor abnimmt und die Leistung des Motors somit kontinuierlich sinkt. Dieses Problem tritt insbesondere bei großen und maximalen Lastbedingungen auf, bei denen sehr hohe Temperaturen herrschen.In known injectors for injecting fuel in a combustion chamber are injection holes, through which the fuel is injected into the combustion chamber, usually cylindrical educated. So far, here were one or two Spray holes provided. For an improved exhaust behavior To achieve the internal combustion engine has been proposed, the To manufacture injection holes of smaller diameter and at the same time increase the number of spray holes. extensive However, motor investigations have shown that when using contaminated fuel, which for example an increased concentration of co-formulants like Zinc, copper, etc. as well as their compounds contains deposits (Coking) at the outlet opening of the spray holes form. This will cause the flow through the spray holes decreases, so that the injection quantity decreases in the engine and the power of the engine thus continuously decreases. This problem occurs especially at large and maximum Load conditions where very high temperatures prevail.
Aus dem Dokument DE 198 54 828 A1 ist ein Injektor zum Einspritzen von Kraftstoff in einem Brennraum bekannt, welcher wenigstens ein Einspritzloch mit einer Einlassöffnung und einer Auslassöffnung aufweist. Der Spritzlochquerschnitt erweitert sich nach Außen in Richtung der der Ventilsitzfläche abgewandten Seite, d. h. hin zum Brennraum der Brennkraftmaschine, wodurch es möglich ist, bereits im Spritzlocheinlauf eine Kavitation oder Turbulenz zu erzeugen, so dass der Kraftstoffstrahl deutlich näher an der Düse zerfällt. The document DE 198 54 828 A1 discloses an injector for injecting of fuel in a combustion chamber known which at least one injection hole with an inlet opening and a Has outlet opening. The injection hole cross section expands facing outward in the direction of the valve seat surface Page, d. H. towards the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine, which makes it possible already in the injection port to generate a cavitation or turbulence, so that the Fuel jet significantly closer to the nozzle decays.
Es ist daher Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung, einen Injekor mit einem Spritzloch zum Einspritzen von Kraftstoff bereitzustellen, welcher bei einfachem Aufbau und einfacher, kostengünstiger Herstellbarkeit eine Verkokung von Spritzlöchern sicher verhindern kann.It is therefore an object of the present invention, an Injekor with a spray hole for injecting fuel, which in a simple structure and easier, cost-effective manufacturability coking of spray holes can safely prevent.
Diese Aufgabe wird durch einen Injektor mit den Merkmalen des Anspruches 1 gelöst. Die Unteransprüche zeigen vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen der Erfindung. This task is accomplished by an injector with the characteristics of Claim 1 solved. The dependent claims show advantageous Further developments of the invention.
Erfindungsgemäß wird daher vorgeschlagen, jedes Spritzloch mit einer Einrichtung zur gezielten Erzeugung von Kavitation an der Auslassöffnung zu versehen, um im Betrieb angelagerte Ablagerungen zu entfernen bzw. das Entstehen der Ablagerungen zu verhindern. Erfindungsgemäß wird somit bewusst Kavitation erzeugt, d.h. es werden am Spritzloch gezielt Dampfblasen durch Unterschreitung des Dampfdrucks erzeugt, welche dann gezielt am Auslass des Spritzlochs, wo die unerwünschten Ablagerungen auftreten, zum Implodieren gebracht werden. Hierbei entstehen an diesen Stellen Druckwellen von mehreren tausend bar, wodurch die Spritzlöcher von Ablagerungen befreit werden bzw. eine Ablagerung von Anfang an verhindert wird. Somit kann erfindungsgemäß eine Einrichtung zur Selbstreinigung der Auslassöffnungen der Spritzdüsen bereitgestellt werden.According to the invention is therefore proposed, each injection hole with a device for the targeted generation of cavitation provided at the outlet opening to be stored in operation Remove deposits or the formation of deposits to prevent. According to the invention is thus aware of cavitation generated, i. it will be deliberately steam bubbles at the injection hole generated by falling below the vapor pressure, which then targeted at the outlet of the injection hole, where the unwanted deposits occur to be imploded. in this connection arise at these points pressure waves of several thousand bar, whereby the spray holes freed of deposits or a deposit is prevented from the beginning. Thus, according to the invention, a device for self-cleaning the outlet openings of the spray nozzles are provided.
Besonders bevorzugt ist die Einrichtung zur gezielten Erzeugung von Kavitation durch Ausgestaltung der geometrischen Abmessungen des Spritzlochs in das Spritzloch integriert. Um hierbei die Kavitationsneigung des Spritzlochs zu steigern, wird somit die Spritzlochform strömungstechnisch etwas ungünstiger gestaltet, so dass in einem gewissen Umfang eine gezielte Kavitation auftritt. Dabei wird eine strömungsbedingte Kavitation dadurch erreicht, dass aufgrund der Form des Spritzlochs die Strömung nicht länger in der Lage ist, der vorgegebenen Geometrie des Einspritzlochs zu folgen, so dass Kavitation auftritt.Particularly preferred is the device for targeted production cavitation by design of the geometric dimensions the injection hole integrated into the injection hole. Around increase the cavitation tendency of the spray hole, Thus, the injection hole shape is somewhat unfavorable in terms of flow designed so that to a certain extent a targeted cavitation occurs. This is a flow-related Cavitation achieved by virtue of the shape the spray hole the flow is no longer able to follow the given geometry of the injection hole, so that cavitation occurs.
Gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausgestaltung der vorliegenden Erfindung weist das Spritzloch im Schnitt eine tonnenartige Form auf. Unter einer tonnenartigen Form wird erfindungsgemäß dabei eine Form verstanden, welche sich in Durchflussrichtung zuerst erweitert und anschließend wieder verjüngt. Hierdurch kann durch einfache geometrische Gestaltung des Spritzlochs das Implodieren der Kavitationsblasen an die Auslassöffnung des Spritzlochs gelegt werden, um die unerwünschten Ablagerungen zu vermeiden. Um eine einfache Herstellbarkeit aufzuweisen, weist das Spritzloch vorzugsweise eine symmetrische Tonnenform auf. Weiter bevorzugt ist die Einlassquerschnittsfläche des tonnenförmigen Einspritzlaufs größer oder gleich der Auslassquerschnittsfläche. Weiter bevorzugt sind die Einlassquerschnittsfläche und die Auslassquerschnittsfläche jeweils kreisförmig, wobei ein Einlassdurchmesser gleich oder größer einem Auslassdurchmesser ist. Vorzugsweise ist dabei das Verhältnis des Einlassdurchmessers zu einem maximalen Durchmesser des tonnenförmigen Spritzlochs zwischen 0,9 und 0,95. Dabei ist bei einem Verhältnis Einlassdurchmesser zum maximalem Durchmesser des tonnenförmigen Spritzlochs von 0,91 eine sichere Verhinderung von Ablagerungen möglich. Besonders vorteilhaft ist der Einlassdurchmesser zwischen 5 µm bis 25 µm kleiner als der maximale Durchmesser des tonnenförmigen Spritzlochs. Bei einem Unterschied des Einlassdurchmessers zum maximalen Durchmesser von mindestens 10 µm können Ablagerungen sicher verhindert werden. Weiterhin bevorzugt ist das Verhältnis des Einlassdurchmessers zum Auslassdurchmesser des tonnenförmigen Spritzlochs zwischen 1 und 1,3, insbesondere bei 1,1.According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention the injection hole has on average a barrel-like shape on. Under a barrel-like shape according to the invention thereby a form understood, which is in the direction of flow first expanded and then rejuvenated. hereby can by simple geometric design of the spray hole the imploding of the cavitation bubbles to the outlet opening of the spray hole are laid to the unwanted deposits to avoid. In order to have a simple producibility, the injection hole preferably has a symmetrical Barrel shape up. More preferably, the inlet cross-sectional area the barrel-shaped injection run greater or equal the outlet cross-sectional area. Further preferred are the inlet cross-sectional area and the outlet cross-sectional area respectively circular, wherein an inlet diameter is equal to or larger than an outlet diameter. Preferably is the ratio of the inlet diameter to a maximum Diameter of the barrel-shaped injection hole between 0.9 and 0.95. It is at a ratio inlet diameter to maximum diameter of the barrel-shaped injection hole of 0.91 a safe prevention of deposits possible. Especially Advantageously, the inlet diameter is between 5 μm to 25 μm smaller than the maximum diameter of the barrel Injection port. At a difference of the inlet diameter to the maximum diameter of at least 10 microns can deposits safely prevented. Further preferred is Ratio of the inlet diameter to the outlet diameter of the barrel-shaped injection hole between 1 and 1.3, in particular at 1.1.
Gemäß einer anderen bevorzugten geometrischen Ausgestaltung des Spritzlochs ist das Verhältnis der Spritzlochlänge zu einem mittleren Durchmesser des Spritzlochs kleiner oder gleich 6,5. Dabei ist der mittlere Durchmesser der durchschnittliche Durchmesser über die Länge des Spritzlochs. Durch Auslegung des Spritzlochs gemäß der obigen Formel kann das gezielte Auftreten von Kavitation in einem vorbestimmten Umfang erreicht werden.According to another preferred geometric embodiment the injection hole is the ratio of the injection hole length to a mean diameter of the spray hole less than or equal 6.5. The average diameter is the average Diameter over the length of the spray hole. By design the injection hole according to the above formula, the targeted Occurrence of cavitation reached to a predetermined extent become.
Gemäß einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausgestaltung der vorliegenden Erfindung kann die Verkokungsneigung des Spritzlochs dadurch reduziert werden, dass an der Auslassöffnung eine scharfe Kante ausgebildet ist. D.h., an der Auslassöffnung wird keine Verrundung der Kante vorgenommen, so dass ein scharfer Übergang zwischen dem Spritzloch und dem Brennraum vorhanden ist. Dieser scharfe Übergang verhindert das Ablagern der Beistoffe, wobei gleichzeitig gewährleistet wird, dass Kavitationsblasen am Spritzlochrand auftreten und dort implodieren können.According to a further preferred embodiment of the present invention Invention can the coking tendency of the spray hole thereby be reduced, that at the outlet opening a sharp edge is formed. That is, at the outlet port no rounding of the edge is made, so that one sharp transition between the spray hole and the combustion chamber is available. This sharp transition prevents deposition co-formulants while ensuring that that cavitation bubbles occur at the injection hole edge and there can implode.
Es sei angemerkt, dass bei Verwendung von Kraftstoff ohne Verunreinigungen durch Zink, Kupfer usw. trotz der Einrichtung zur gezielten Erzeugung von Kavitation an der Auslassöffnung kein Kavitationsverschleiß an der Auslassöffnung selbst auftritt, da erfindungsgemäß die Kavitation so genau eingestellt werden kann, dass ausschließlich bei Auftreten von Ablagerungen diese entfernt werden. Weiterhin werden die aus Verkokungen bestehenden Ablagerungen leichter herausgeschlagen als das Material, in welchem das Spritzloch gebildet ist, da dieses Material widerstandsfähiger gegen Kavitation ist.It should be noted that when using fuel without Contamination by zinc, copper, etc. despite the device for the targeted generation of cavitation at the outlet opening no cavitation wear at the outlet opening itself occurs because according to the invention, the cavitation so accurate can be adjusted that only when occurring from deposits these are removed. Furthermore, the from coking deposits more easily knocked out as the material in which the injection hole is formed because this material is more resistant to cavitation is.
Die vorliegende Erfindung kann sowohl bei Injektoren mit Sitzlochdüsen (VCO) als auch bei Injektoren mit Sacklochdüsen verwendet werden.The present invention can be used both with injectors Seat hole nozzles (VCO) as well as injectors with blind hole nozzles be used.
Nachfolgend wird die vorliegende Erfindung anhand von bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispielen in Verbindung mit der Zeichnung beschrieben. In der Zeichnung ist:
- Figur 1
- eine schematische Schnittansicht eines Spritzlochs gemäß einem ersten Ausführungsbeispiel der vorliegenden Erfindung,
Figur 2- eine vergrößerte Ansicht der Auslasskante des Spritzlochs von Figur 1,
Figur 3- eine schematische Schnittansicht eines Spritzlochs gemäß einem zweiten Ausführungsbeispiel der vorliegenden Erfindung und
Figur 4- eine schematische Schnittansicht eines Spritzlochs gemäß einem nicht erfindungsgemäßen Beispiel.
- FIG. 1
- FIG. 2 is a schematic sectional view of a spray hole according to a first embodiment of the present invention; FIG.
- FIG. 2
- an enlarged view of the outlet edge of the injection hole of Figure 1,
- FIG. 3
- a schematic sectional view of a spray hole according to a second embodiment of the present invention and
- FIG. 4
- a schematic sectional view of a spray hole according to a non-inventive example.
Nachfolgend wird unter Bezugnahme auf die Figuren 1 und 2 ein
Spritzloch 1 gemäß einem ersten Ausführungsbeispiel der vorliegenden
Erfindung beschrieben. Wie aus Figur 1 ersichtlich
ist, weist das Spritzloch 1 eine symmetrische Tonnenform auf.
Das Spritzloch 1 ist dabei sowohl zu einer die Mittelachse
des Spritzlochs enthaltenden Ebene symmetrisch als auch in
einer durch den maximalen Durchmesser Dmax des Spritzlochs 1
gedachten Ebene symmetrisch. Das Spritzloch 1 weist eine Einlassöffnung
2 und eine Auslassöffnung 3 auf. Hierbei ist der
Durchmesser DEin der Einlassöffnung 2 gleich wie der Durchmesser
DAus der Auslassöffnung 3, wobei die Öffnungen 2, 3 kreisförmig
sind.Hereinafter, a spray hole 1 according to a first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to Figs. As can be seen from FIG. 1, the injection hole 1 has a symmetrical barrel shape. The injection hole 1 is symmetrical both to a plane containing the center axis of the spray hole as well as in a plane imaginary by the maximum diameter D max of the injection hole 1 level. The injection hole 1 has an inlet opening 2 and an outlet opening 3. Here, the diameter D A of the
Das Spritzloch 1 ist in bekannter Weise in einem Düsenkörper
6 gebildet und an einem einspritzseitigen Ende einer Sacklochbohrung
angeordnet. Die Sacklochbohrung umfasst eine Ventilsitzfläche,
welche mittels einer Ventilnadel freigegeben
bzw. verschlossen wird, um eine Einspritzung auszuführen.The injection hole 1 is in a known manner in a
Der Kraftstoff tritt an der Einlassöffnung 2 in das Spritzloch
1 ein und strömt aus der Auslassöffnung 3 in einen
Brennraum 10 einer Brennkraftmaschine ein. The fuel enters the injection port at the
Wie aus Figur 1 ersichtlich ist, ist der maximale Durchmesser Dmax des Spritzlochs 1 an der halben Länge L/2 der Gesamtlänge L des Spritzlochs angeordnet.As can be seen from FIG. 1, the maximum diameter D max of the injection hole 1 is arranged at half the length L / 2 of the total length L of the injection hole.
Gemäß dem ersten Ausführungsbeispiel beträgt das Verhältnis des Einlassdurchmessers DEin zum maximalen Durchmesser Dmax 0,91. Da der Einlassdurchmesser DEin gleich dem Auslassdurchmesser DAus ist, beträgt das Verhältnis Einlassdurchmesser zu Auslassdurchmesser 1.According to the first embodiment, the ratio of the inlet diameter D Ein to the maximum diameter D max is 0.91. Since the inlet diameter D equal to the outlet diameter D A is Off, the ratio of inlet diameter to outlet diameter. 1
Die Durchströmungsrichtung sowie die Umlenkungen am Spritzloch
1 der Strömung sind durch die Pfeile in der Figur angedeutet.
Durch die geometrische Formung des Spritzlochs in
Tonnenform wird an der Einlassöffnung 2 eine starke Ablenkung
der Strömung erzeugt, so dass Kavitationsbläschen 7 entstehen.
Um an der Einlassöffnung 2 eine möglichst gute Strömung
zu erreichen, ist die Einlasskante 4 der Einlassöffnung 2 mit
einem vorbestimmten Radius R gerundet. Abhängig vom Durchmesser
DEin und der Abrundung R der Einlasskante wird dabei die
Kavitationsneigung durch entsprechende Beeinflussung von
Druck und Strömungsgeschwindigkeit gezielt erhöht. Die entstandenen
Kavitationsbläschen 7 werden von der Strömung mitgerissen.
Durch die großen Druckunterschiede im Spritzloch 1
implodieren die Kavitationsbläschen, was in den Figuren mit
dem Bezugszeichen 8 gekennzeichnet ist. Aufgrund der implodierenden
Kavitationsbläschen 8 entstehen Druckwellen von
mehreren 1000 bar, wodurch die Auslassöffnung 3 von den dort
auftretenden Ablagerungen 9 befreit wird. Somit ist eine
Selbstreinigung des Spritzlochs 1 möglich. Es sei angemerkt,
dass die Neigung der Kavitationsbläschen 7 zum Implodieren an
der Auslassöffnung 3 weiterhin durch Ausbilden einer scharfen
Auslasskante 5 ebenfalls gezielt eingestellt werden kann. Im
vorliegenden Ausführungsbeispiel ist die Auslasskante 5 als
scharfe Kante ausgebildet. The flow direction and the deflections at the injection hole 1 of the flow are indicated by the arrows in the figure. Due to the geometric shaping of the injection hole in barrel form, a strong deflection of the flow is generated at the
Nachfolgend wird unter Bezugnahme auf Figur 3 ein Spritzloch 1 gemäß einem zweiten Ausführungsbeispiel der vorliegenden Erfindung beschrieben. Dabei sind gleiche Teile mit den gleichen Bezugszeichen wie im ersten Ausführungsbeispiel bezeichnet.Hereinafter, with reference to FIG. 3, a spray hole 1 according to a second embodiment of the present invention Invention described. Here are the same parts with the same Reference numeral as designated in the first embodiment.
Das Spritzloch 1 gemäß dem zweiten Ausführungsbeispiel entspricht
im Wesentlichen dem ersten Ausführungsbeispiel, mit
dem Unterschied, dass es nur symmetrisch hinsichtlich einer
Ebene durch die Mittelachse des Spritzlochs ausgebildet ist
und unsymmetrisch hinsichtlich einer Ebene in Höhe der haben
Länge L/2 der Wandstärke L des Düsenkörpers 6. Mit anderen
Worten ist der maximale Durchmesser Dmax des tonnenförmigen
Spritzlochs 1 gemäß dem zweiten Ausführungsbeispiel zwischen
der Einlassöffnung 2 und der halben Länge L/2 des Spritzlochs
1 angeordnet (vgl. Figur 3). Das Verhältnis des Einlassdurchmessers
DEin zum maximalen Durchmesser Dmax beträgt dabei 0,94.
Weiterhin beträgt das Verhältnis des Einlassdurchmessers DEin
zum Auslassdurchmesser DAus 1,05. Ansonsten entspricht dieses
Ausführungsbeispiel dem ersten Ausführungsbeispiel, so dass
auf die dortige Beschreibung verwiesen werden kann.The injection hole 1 according to the second embodiment substantially corresponds to the first embodiment, with the difference that it is formed only symmetrically with respect to a plane through the center axis of the injection hole and asymmetrical with respect to a level equal to the length L / 2 of the wall thickness L of the
Nachfolgend wird unter Bezugnahme auf Figur 4 ein weiteres Beispiel beschrieben, wobei gleich Teile mit den gleichen Bezugszeichen wie in den vorhergehenden Ausführungsbeispielen bezeichnet sind.Hereinafter, with reference to Figure 4 another Example described, where like parts with the same reference numerals as in the previous embodiments are.
Wie aus Figur 4 ersichtlich ist, ist dabei zwischen der Aussenfläche
des Düsenkörpers 6 und dem Spritzloch 1 an der Auslassöffnung
3 eine Auslasskante 5 mit einem Winkel α ausgebildet,
so dass sich ein scharfkantiger Übergang vom Spritzloch
zum Brennraum 10 ergibt.As can be seen from FIG. 4, this is between the outer surface
the
Wie in Figur 4 gezeigt, ist das Spritzloch 1
in Durchströmungsrichtung sich erweiternd,
genauer sich konisch erweiternd, ausgebildet. Wie bei
den vorhergehenden Ausführungsbeispielen werden dabei an der
Einlassöffnung Kavitationsbläschen 7 erzeugt, welche infolge
des Druckanstiegs beim Austritt aus dem Spritzloch 1 kavitieren,
so dass eventuell vorhandene Ablagerungen 9 mittels der
implodierenden Kavitationsbläschen 8 entfernt werden können.As shown in FIG. 4, the injection hole is 1
widening in the direction of flow,
more precisely conically widening, formed. As in
the previous embodiments are doing at the
Inlet opening cavitation bubbles 7 generated due to
cavitate the pressure rise at the exit from the injection hole 1,
so that any existing
Claims (9)
- Injector for injecting fuel into a combustion chamber (10) through at least one spray orifice (1) having an inlet opening (2) and an outlet opening (3), whereby the spray orifice (1) has a device for specifically producing cavitation at the outlet opening (3), in order to remove deposits (9) at the outlet opening (3) that occur during operation, whereby the device for specifically producing cavitation is integrated in the injection orifice by means of a special geometric configuration of the shape of the injection orifice, characterized in that the spray orifice (1) has a barrel-like cross-sectional shape, which initially widens in the flow direction and subsequently tapers.
- Injector according to claim 1, characterized in that the cross-sectional area of the inlet of the barrel-shaped spray orifice (1) is greater than or equal to the cross-sectional area of the outlet.
- Injector according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the spray orifice (1) has a symmetrical barrel-shape.
- Injector according to claim 3, characterized in that the cross-sectional area of the inlet and the cross-sectional area of the outlet are circular and the inlet diameter (D in ) is identical to the outlet diameter (D out ).
- Injector according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the ratio of the inlet diameter (D in ) to the maximum diameter (Dmax) of the spray orifice (1) is between 0.9 and 0.95, in particular 0.91.
- Injector according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the inlet diameter (D in ) is between 5µm and 25µm smaller, in particular 10µm smaller, than the maximum diameter (Dmax).
- Injector according to one of claims 2 to 6, characterized in that the ratio of the inlet diameter (D in ) to the outlet diameter (D out ) lies at between 1 and 1.1, in particular 1.05.
- Injector according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the ratio of the spray orifice length (L) to the mean diameter is less than or equal to 6.5, whereby the mean diameter is the average diameter over the length (L) of the spray orifice (1).
- Injector according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a sharp edge (5) is configured at the outlet opening (3), and a predefined rounding (R) is configured at the edge (4) of the inlet opening (2).
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE2002125683 DE10225683A1 (en) | 2002-06-10 | 2002-06-10 | Injector for injecting fuel |
| DE10225683 | 2002-06-10 | ||
| PCT/DE2003/001879 WO2003104640A1 (en) | 2002-06-10 | 2003-06-03 | Injector for injecting fuel |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1511934A1 EP1511934A1 (en) | 2005-03-09 |
| EP1511934B1 true EP1511934B1 (en) | 2005-12-07 |
Family
ID=29718925
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP03756968A Expired - Fee Related EP1511934B1 (en) | 2002-06-10 | 2003-06-03 | Injector for injecting fuel |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP1511934B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP4288233B2 (en) |
| DE (2) | DE10225683A1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2003104640A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ATE483908T1 (en) * | 2006-08-29 | 2010-10-15 | Continental Automotive Gmbh | METHOD FOR REDUCING DEPOSITS WITHIN A SPRAY HOLE OF A FUEL INJECTION DEVICE |
| DE102008055069A1 (en) * | 2008-12-22 | 2010-07-01 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Fuel injection valve for internal combustion engines, has valve body, in which pressure chamber is formed, and valve needle is arranged in longitudinally sliding manner in pressure chamber |
| DE102009009796B3 (en) * | 2009-02-20 | 2010-10-07 | L'orange Gmbh | Diesel internal-combustion engine diagnosing and/or controlling method, involves determining whether pressure difference of injection interval in opening phase and/or injection interval in closing phase exceeds preset value |
| JP5392026B2 (en) * | 2009-11-24 | 2014-01-22 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | Control device for internal combustion engine |
| JP5830891B2 (en) * | 2011-03-25 | 2015-12-09 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | Fuel injection valve |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE2921455A1 (en) * | 1979-05-26 | 1980-11-27 | Daimler Benz Ag | FUEL INJECTION VALVE FOR AIR COMPRESSING INJECTION COMBUSTION ENGINES |
| DE19854828A1 (en) * | 1998-11-27 | 2000-05-31 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Fuel injection nozzle for self-igniting internal combustion engines |
| DE10116714A1 (en) * | 2001-04-04 | 2002-10-10 | Volkswagen Ag | Fuel injection valve for internal combustion engine, preferably for high jet speeds, has spray channels with cross-sections that expand after jet hole |
-
2002
- 2002-06-10 DE DE2002125683 patent/DE10225683A1/en not_active Ceased
-
2003
- 2003-06-03 JP JP2004511686A patent/JP4288233B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-06-03 WO PCT/DE2003/001879 patent/WO2003104640A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2003-06-03 DE DE50301874T patent/DE50301874D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-06-03 EP EP03756968A patent/EP1511934B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2003104640A1 (en) | 2003-12-18 |
| JP4288233B2 (en) | 2009-07-01 |
| EP1511934A1 (en) | 2005-03-09 |
| JP2005534844A (en) | 2005-11-17 |
| DE50301874D1 (en) | 2006-01-12 |
| DE10225683A1 (en) | 2004-01-08 |
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