EP1506131A1 - Methode pour la production des gazs purs, en particulier d'hydrogene et d'oxygene - Google Patents
Methode pour la production des gazs purs, en particulier d'hydrogene et d'oxygeneInfo
- Publication number
- EP1506131A1 EP1506131A1 EP03752799A EP03752799A EP1506131A1 EP 1506131 A1 EP1506131 A1 EP 1506131A1 EP 03752799 A EP03752799 A EP 03752799A EP 03752799 A EP03752799 A EP 03752799A EP 1506131 A1 EP1506131 A1 EP 1506131A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- gases
- hydrogen
- oxygen
- separation
- water
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B13/00—Oxygen; Ozone; Oxides or hydroxides in general
- C01B13/02—Preparation of oxygen
- C01B13/0229—Purification or separation processes
- C01B13/0248—Physical processing only
- C01B13/0251—Physical processing only by making use of membranes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J19/24—Stationary reactors without moving elements inside
- B01J19/2475—Membrane reactors
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B13/00—Oxygen; Ozone; Oxides or hydroxides in general
- C01B13/02—Preparation of oxygen
- C01B13/0203—Preparation of oxygen from inorganic compounds
- C01B13/0207—Water
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
- C01B3/02—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen
- C01B3/04—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by decomposition of inorganic compounds, e.g. ammonia
- C01B3/042—Decomposition of water
- C01B3/045—Decomposition of water in gaseous phase
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
- C01B3/50—Separation of hydrogen or hydrogen containing gases from gaseous mixtures, e.g. purification
- C01B3/501—Separation of hydrogen or hydrogen containing gases from gaseous mixtures, e.g. purification by diffusion
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J2219/00049—Controlling or regulating processes
- B01J2219/00051—Controlling the temperature
- B01J2219/00157—Controlling the temperature by means of a burner
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/04—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a purification step for the hydrogen or the synthesis gas
- C01B2203/0405—Purification by membrane separation
- C01B2203/041—In-situ membrane purification during hydrogen production
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/04—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a purification step for the hydrogen or the synthesis gas
- C01B2203/0465—Composition of the impurity
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2210/00—Purification or separation of specific gases
- C01B2210/0043—Impurity removed
- C01B2210/0053—Hydrogen
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/36—Hydrogen production from non-carbon containing sources, e.g. by water electrolysis
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for the production of separated gases, in particular in the production of hydrogen and oxygen by thermal dissociation of water.
- the invention targets the manufacture of compact devices, possibly mobile, for the production of hydrogen.
- the invention is based on the principle of a p reactor. ex with membranes as presented in several documents 1 . It claims to improve such devices (1) by accelerating the process of evaporation of water, (2) by heating to a very high temperature by combustion of a gas with pure oxygen, and (3) by supplying this oxygen as an outgoing gas associated with the production of hydrogen. These improvements are intended to provide the principle of a compact device which can optionally be installed p. eg in a fuel cell car replacing the hydrogen storage system.
- Fossil energy sources are limited. World oil production will peak for a time between 2004 and 2008 and then decline and never increase again (K.S. Deffeys, 2001). Petroleum is a precious raw material, which should be used for lubricants and the manufacture of other products. Today and in the years to come 85% of all oil extracted is burned, either in engines of different types or for domestic and industrial heating. Even if this delay forecast is wrong for a few years, the disappearance of oil and other fossil energy sources is an established fact. The invention helps to replace petroleum as an energy source.
- the object of the present invention is to allow the control of the production of a gas mixture and of the separation of the gases in a gas mixture, in particular if the gas mixture is water vapor.
- the invention is based on several known facts.
- the first is that the efficiency of heat transfer to a liquid object is linked to the relation of its surface 5 in contact with the heat source to its volume V.
- the S / V relationship is ⁇ 1
- a liquid in droplets in a warm environment eg. eg steam, can reach a relative ratio of more than 200.
- Table 1 Comparison of combustion temperatures of gases in air and with oxygen.
- the invention By burning a fuel, the invention employs thermodynamic phenomena that certain oxidation reactions give off high energies, making it possible to reach temperatures exceeding
- the fuel is burned with pure oxygen leaving the device. We get more combustion efficient and clean, without production of nitrogen oxides and with a minimum of carbon oxides.
- the degree of dissociation depends on the temperature of the water vapor reached.
- Table 2 Example of the (approximate) degree of dissociation of water molecules in percent of the total mass at atmospheric pressure. Gas components are separated, p. ex hydrogen and oxygen created in the dissociation of water. The separation is carried out using ceramic or metallic membranes to separate the gas molecules by molecular sieving or by ion transport, separation arrangements by means of nozzles, or any other physical or chemical means.
- the quantities of gas extracted are linked to their stoichiometric presence in the initial gas or liquid.
- H 2 0 For the extraction of hydrogen and oxygen from water (H 2 0), two parts (in number of molecules) of hydrogen (H 2 ) and one part of oxygen (0 2 ) will be extracted - Because the energy vector (combustible gas) and the source of hydrogen (water) are physically separated, the gases leaving, in particular hydrogen, do not contain any contamination from small quantities of water. This fact is important, since it is no longer necessary to add a gas purification stage before its use p. eg in a fuel cell.
- the extracted gases are directed either to external users or to use in the device itself.
- the gases produced as well as the exhaust gas from the crucible pass through heat exchangers. Heat can be used to preheat water or for any other purpose.
- Exhaust gas can also be used to achieve additional goals.
- Inert materials recently developed and resistant to high temperatures are used. The evolution of such materials is promising for future improvements of the invention.
- One embodiment of the invention may be the separation of hydrogen and oxygen from liquid water.
- the container is made of heat resistant material.
- One or more crucibles are mounted inside the reactor. Inside the crucible is burned acetylene- (C 2 H 2 ) with oxygen. To start the device, either oxygen from the air or oxygen from a storage container is used. When the machine is running, there will be enough oxygen production to support the combustion of acetylene.
- the temperature can reach 3000 ° K and more.
- Sprinklers mounted in the walls of the reactor inject small droplets of water. One or more nozzles are used to split the liquid into droplets one size in the order of one micrometer before exposure to heat for conversion. The water evaporates either through the hot gas in the reactor or in contact with the surface of the crucible.
- the conversion of liquid into vapor is carried out by irradiation, convection and conduction.
- the vapor is converted to a gas mixture by thermal dissociation by means of irradiation, convection and conduction.
- the gas mixture is further heated by irradiation, convection and conduction, until a desired degree of dissociation is reached.
- the thermal equilibrium is reached in very short times, below a millisecond depending on the power of the crucibles and the total amount of material in the reactor.
- Some parts of the reactor walls are made of permeable materials for the gas components to be extracted.
- the surface of the parts is chosen according to the permeability of the materials in order to ensure the relationship between the quantities extracted.
- the jets inject the quantity of water corresponding exactly to the quantities of gas removed.
- Two or more separation processes are carried out in parallel, resulting in the simultaneous extraction of two or more separate gases or mixtures of gases from the initial gas mixture.
- Two or more separation processes are carried out in consecutive stages, such that two or more gases or distinct mixtures of gases are successively extracted from the initial mixture of gases.
- the gases remain mechanically separated in caves above the permeable surfaces. They are directed to their next use by pipe systems and possibly pumps. Specifically, the oxygen will be compressed to be re-injected into the acetylene circuit.
- the gas caves serve as the first thermal insulation.
- thermos bottle system The complete system of the reactor with the gas collection caves is in a system of several layers of thermal insulation comprising vacuum insulation (thermos bottle system).
- the inlets for the combustion gas and for the water pass through the various insulation stages and are thus preheated.
- FIG. 1 shows the operating principle as described above, in particular the gas flows.
- the volume of a reactor (1) comprises a crucible (2) and two caverns (3 and 4) for assembling the separate gases. They are extracted through permeable membranes almost exclusively for oxygen (5) and for hydrogen (6).
- the water is led by a line (7) to the nozzle (8) inside the reactor.
- the spout (9) of the crucible is supplied by a line of combustible gas (10), the exhaust gases exit through pipes (11).
- the separated gases are routed through gas lines.
- a line (12) is used for oxygen, which will be added to the fuel gas circuit.
- the other line (13) will lead the hydrogen to its destination.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
- Hydrogen, Water And Hydrids (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR0206061 | 2002-05-17 | ||
FR0206061A FR2839713B1 (fr) | 2002-05-17 | 2002-05-17 | Dispositif pour la production des gaz purs, en particulier d'hydrogene et d'oxygene, a partir des melanges de gaz ou des liquides, pour l'approvisionnement mobile et stationnaire d'energie |
PCT/FR2003/001454 WO2003097524A1 (fr) | 2002-05-17 | 2003-05-12 | Methode pour la production des gazs purs, en particulier d'hydrogene et d'oxygene |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1506131A1 true EP1506131A1 (fr) | 2005-02-16 |
Family
ID=29286561
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP03752799A Withdrawn EP1506131A1 (fr) | 2002-05-17 | 2003-05-12 | Methode pour la production des gazs purs, en particulier d'hydrogene et d'oxygene |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1506131A1 (fr) |
AU (1) | AU2003254531A1 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2839713B1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2003097524A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
BRPI0419146A (pt) * | 2004-12-16 | 2008-03-11 | Ipc Internac Power Consulting | dispositivo para separação de água em hidrogênio e oxigênio |
FR2902416B1 (fr) * | 2006-06-15 | 2008-09-26 | Creative Services Sarl | Un reacteur avec gradient thermique controle pour la production d'hydrogene pur |
KR100872576B1 (ko) | 2007-07-02 | 2008-12-08 | 삼성전기주식회사 | 수소 발생 장치 및 연료전지 발전 시스템 |
DE102014212972A1 (de) | 2013-07-04 | 2015-01-08 | Technische Universität Dresden | Verfahren und Anlage zur Wasserstoffherstellung |
US9321644B2 (en) | 2014-03-07 | 2016-04-26 | Stellar Generation, Inc. | Separating hydrogen from disassociated water |
EP4039637A1 (fr) * | 2021-02-04 | 2022-08-10 | Ultra High Temperature Processes Ltd | Dispositif et procédé de séparation de l'eau en hydrogène et en oxygène par thermolyse |
Family Cites Families (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3901669A (en) * | 1973-11-05 | 1975-08-26 | Sun Ventures Inc | Manufacture of hydrogen from high temperature steam |
US3901668A (en) * | 1973-11-05 | 1975-08-26 | Sun Ventures Inc | Manufacture of oxygen from high temperature steam |
FR2293682A1 (fr) * | 1974-12-05 | 1976-07-02 | Hitz Henri | Four a eau |
FR2366217A1 (fr) * | 1975-08-27 | 1978-04-28 | Comp Generale Electricite | Dispositif generateur d'hydrogene |
FR2366216A2 (fr) * | 1976-10-04 | 1978-04-28 | Comp Generale Electricite | Dispositif generateur d'hydrogene |
US4254086A (en) * | 1978-12-27 | 1981-03-03 | Sanders Alfred P | Endothermal water decomposition unit for producing hydrogen and oxygen |
DE4302089A1 (de) * | 1993-01-21 | 1994-07-28 | Roland Dr Ing Rydzewski | Verfahren und Anlage zur Erzeugung von Wasserstoff und Sauerstoff |
-
2002
- 2002-05-17 FR FR0206061A patent/FR2839713B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2003
- 2003-05-12 WO PCT/FR2003/001454 patent/WO2003097524A1/fr not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2003-05-12 AU AU2003254531A patent/AU2003254531A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2003-05-12 EP EP03752799A patent/EP1506131A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO03097524A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FR2839713A1 (fr) | 2003-11-21 |
AU2003254531A1 (en) | 2003-12-02 |
WO2003097524A1 (fr) | 2003-11-27 |
FR2839713B1 (fr) | 2005-03-11 |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
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PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
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17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 20040902 |
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AK | Designated contracting states |
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RAP1 | Party data changed (applicant data changed or rights of an application transferred) |
Owner name: IPC INTERNATIONAL POWER CONSULTING LIMITED |
|
RAP1 | Party data changed (applicant data changed or rights of an application transferred) |
Owner name: H2 POWER SYSTEMS LTD |
|
RAP1 | Party data changed (applicant data changed or rights of an application transferred) |
Owner name: H2 POWER SYSTEMS LIMITED |
|
17Q | First examination report despatched |
Effective date: 20100623 |
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RAP1 | Party data changed (applicant data changed or rights of an application transferred) |
Owner name: H2 POWER SYSTEMS LIMITED |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: THE APPLICATION IS DEEMED TO BE WITHDRAWN |
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18D | Application deemed to be withdrawn |
Effective date: 20161201 |