EP1502965A1 - Free cutting brass alloy - Google Patents

Free cutting brass alloy Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1502965A1
EP1502965A1 EP04466021A EP04466021A EP1502965A1 EP 1502965 A1 EP1502965 A1 EP 1502965A1 EP 04466021 A EP04466021 A EP 04466021A EP 04466021 A EP04466021 A EP 04466021A EP 1502965 A1 EP1502965 A1 EP 1502965A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
weight
free cutting
max
brass alloy
cutting brass
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP04466021A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Antonin Strachovsky
Jiri Faltus
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Kovohute Celakovice AS
VUK Panenske Brezany sro
Original Assignee
Kovohute Celakovice AS
VUK Panenske Brezany sro
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Kovohute Celakovice AS, VUK Panenske Brezany sro filed Critical Kovohute Celakovice AS
Publication of EP1502965A1 publication Critical patent/EP1502965A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C9/00—Alloys based on copper
    • C22C9/04—Alloys based on copper with zinc as the next major constituent

Definitions

  • the invention concerns a free cutting brass alloy for heat and could moulding, primarily for manufacturing of rods by cold drawing.
  • the current free cutting brasses also known as screw brasses, are mostly Cu-Zn-Pb alloys and usually contain 57,0 to 60,0 % by weight of copper, 1,0 to 4,5 % by weight of lead and zinc residue. From these alloys are manufactured rods, tubes, profiles and wires by hot working. During the subsequent cutting operation, a fragile chip occurs due to the presence of lead.
  • the brass contains 57,0 to 60,0 % by weight of copper, 0,5 to 2,5 % by weight of bismuth and zinc residue. It may also contain lead, namely either as a tramp element or an alloying element when together with bismuth creates an addition to break a chip. Depending on the required need and purpose it may further also contain 0,15 to 0,3 % by weight of phosphor, incidentally a maximum of 0,1 % by weight of aluminum, a max. of 0,4 % by weight of iron, a max. of 0,3 % by weight of nickel, a max. of 0,1 % by weight of tin or a max. of 0,2 % by weight of other tramp elements on the whole.
  • neither this known workable brass fulfills all requirements, especially from the material structure and properties point of view resulting from requirements e.g. in automobile industry. It is not appropriate for other applications where significantly higher contents of copper and other alloying and tramp elements are required, namely because of its better drawability.
  • the mentioned above disadvantages of the current technology have been largely eliminated by use of free cutting brass alloy on the basis of Cu-Zn-Bi alloy, designated especially for cold drawing, according to the invention.
  • the principle of the invention consists in the fact, that the free cutting alloy brass contains 55,0 % to 75,0 % by weight of copper, 0,5 to 4,0 % by weight of bismuth as an exclusive addition, chip-breaking addition, zinc residue and incidental tramp elements and impurities.
  • the free cutting brass alloy according to the invention is a one-phase brass. It consists of only alpha phase with all positive implications on its properties and can be widely applied in various areas in industry.
  • the principle of the invention lies further in the fact that the fee cutting brass alloy may also contain lead.
  • lead is here only as a tramp element in the quantity of 0,001 to 0,2 % by weight.
  • An alternative modification of the free cutting brass alloy according to the invention where there is a requirement on a higher corrosion resistance, may further contain 0,05 to 0,3 % by weight of phosphor.
  • the free cutting brass alloy may also contain 0,01 to 3,0 % by weight of silicon, incidentally 0,01 to 2,0 % by weight of tin, a max. of 0,1 % by weight of aluminum, a max. of 0,4 % by weight of iron, a max. of 0,3 % by weight of nickel and a max. of 0,5 % by weight of other tramp elements on the whole.
  • the advantage of the free cutting brass alloy according to the invention is the fact that although this brass is unlike the current brasses practically leadless one, its workability is practically equal to common alloys Cu-Zn-Pb, such as e.g. CuZn40Pb2. At the same time, in contrast with other known so called leadless workable brasses, its drawability has been significantly improved while preserving its good formability. It can be processed by common way, such as casting, extrusion, rolling and unrolling of extrusions, cold drawing, straightening, sanding, drop forging or hot forging.
  • the free cutting brass alloy contains 70,47 % by weight of copper, 1,24 % by weight of bismuth and zinc residue.
  • the free cutting brass alloy contains 60, 97 % by weight of copper, 1,51 % by weight of bismuth, 0,009 % by weight of tin, 0,071 % by weight of lead, 0,003 % by weight of aluminum, 0,006 % by weight of iron, 0,022 % by weight of nickel, 0,018 % by weight of phosphor, less than 0,01 % by weight of silicon, zinc residue.
  • the free cutting brasses were manufactured in a channel-type furnace.
  • the both casts were prepared from copper Cu99,5, zinc Zn99,5, bismuth Bi99,9 and foundry alloy CuP10.
  • ingots with a diameter of 184 mm were cast by stationary casting into copper water-cooled moulds.
  • dimension stock in a length of 770 mm were then prepared and directly extruded on extrusions in a diameter of 18,5 mm.
  • the extrusion was conducted at a temperature of 720 to 740 °C at a leaving velocity of 3 to 4,5 m/min..
  • extrusions were coiled into circles in a diameter of 1,2 m. These extrusions were then straightened on prismatic cylinders, then cold drawn into a diameter of 18,0 mm and straightened and cut into the required length of 3,0 m.
  • the free cutting brass alloy according to the invention can be widely used primarily for forgings, solid or hollow rods and other profiles that are further designed for cutting operation.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Forging (AREA)
  • Conductive Materials (AREA)

Abstract

The free cutting brass alloy on the basis of alloy Cu-Zn-Bi is designed primarily for hot and cold moulding, especially for manufacturing rods by cold drawing, and contains 55,0 % to 75,0 % by weight of copper, 0,5 % to 4,0 % by weight of bismuth, zinc residue and incidental tramp elements and impurities, such as 0,001 to 0,2 % by weight of lead and/or 0,001 to 0,3 % by weight of phosphor, 0,001 to 3,0 % by weight of silicon, 0,001 % to 2,0 % by weight of tin, a max. of 0,1 % by weight of aluminum, a max. of 0,4 % by weight of iron, a max. of 0,3 % by weight of nickel and a max. of 0,5 % by weight of other tramp elements on the whole.

Description

    Field of the Invention
  • The invention concerns a free cutting brass alloy for heat and could moulding, primarily for manufacturing of rods by cold drawing.
    • Background of the Invention
  • The current free cutting brasses, also known as screw brasses, are mostly Cu-Zn-Pb alloys and usually contain 57,0 to 60,0 % by weight of copper, 1,0 to 4,5 % by weight of lead and zinc residue. From these alloys are manufactured rods, tubes, profiles and wires by hot working. During the subsequent cutting operation, a fragile chip occurs due to the presence of lead.
  • However, a harmful effect of lead on human health is a disadvantage of these brasses that significantly limits their applicability. Thus, they can not be used for manufacturing of indoor installation elements and components for drinking water as valves, water meters, various pipe unions and etc. because lead in these brasses is at long-term functions released into water medium. This causes an increase in content of lead in drinking water. The higher the content of lead in the brass, the higher quantity of it is released into water.
  • This disadvantage is largely eliminated by a brass known from the published patent application CZ PV 1999-4367 designed primarily for working and subsequent cutting operation. The brass contains 57,0 to 60,0 % by weight of copper, 0,5 to 2,5 % by weight of bismuth and zinc residue. It may also contain lead, namely either as a tramp element or an alloying element when together with bismuth creates an addition to break a chip. Depending on the required need and purpose it may further also contain 0,15 to 0,3 % by weight of phosphor, incidentally a maximum of 0,1 % by weight of aluminum, a max. of 0,4 % by weight of iron, a max. of 0,3 % by weight of nickel, a max. of 0,1 % by weight of tin or a max. of 0,2 % by weight of other tramp elements on the whole.
  • Nevertheless, neither this known workable brass fulfills all requirements, especially from the material structure and properties point of view resulting from requirements e.g. in automobile industry. It is not appropriate for other applications where significantly higher contents of copper and other alloying and tramp elements are required, namely because of its better drawability.
    • Summary of the Invention
  • The mentioned above disadvantages of the current technology have been largely eliminated by use of free cutting brass alloy on the basis of Cu-Zn-Bi alloy, designated especially for cold drawing, according to the invention. The principle of the invention consists in the fact, that the free cutting alloy brass contains 55,0 % to 75,0 % by weight of copper, 0,5 to 4,0 % by weight of bismuth as an exclusive addition, chip-breaking addition, zinc residue and incidental tramp elements and impurities.
  • In contrast with so far known workable brasses that have generally two phases - so called "alpha" and "beta", the free cutting brass alloy according to the invention is a one-phase brass. It consists of only alpha phase with all positive implications on its properties and can be widely applied in various areas in industry.
  • The principle of the invention lies further in the fact that the fee cutting brass alloy may also contain lead. However, unlike so far known workable brasses, lead is here only as a tramp element in the quantity of 0,001 to 0,2 % by weight.
  • An alternative modification of the free cutting brass alloy according to the invention where there is a requirement on a higher corrosion resistance, may further contain 0,05 to 0,3 % by weight of phosphor.
  • According to the invention, the free cutting brass alloy may also contain 0,01 to 3,0 % by weight of silicon, incidentally 0,01 to 2,0 % by weight of tin, a max. of 0,1 % by weight of aluminum, a max. of 0,4 % by weight of iron, a max. of 0,3 % by weight of nickel and a max. of 0,5 % by weight of other tramp elements on the whole.
  • The advantage of the free cutting brass alloy according to the invention is the fact that although this brass is unlike the current brasses practically leadless one, its workability is practically equal to common alloys Cu-Zn-Pb, such as e.g. CuZn40Pb2. At the same time, in contrast with other known so called leadless workable brasses, its drawability has been significantly improved while preserving its good formability. It can be processed by common way, such as casting, extrusion, rolling and unrolling of extrusions, cold drawing, straightening, sanding, drop forging or hot forging.
    • Examples of Modifications of the Invention Example 1
  • According to this example of the invention, the free cutting brass alloy contains 70,47 % by weight of copper, 1,24 % by weight of bismuth and zinc residue.
    • Example 2
  • In the second example, the free cutting brass alloy contains 60, 97 % by weight of copper, 1,51 % by weight of bismuth, 0,009 % by weight of tin, 0,071 % by weight of lead, 0,003 % by weight of aluminum, 0,006 % by weight of iron, 0,022 % by weight of nickel, 0,018 % by weight of phosphor, less than 0,01 % by weight of silicon, zinc residue.
  • According to these two examples, the free cutting brasses were manufactured in a channel-type furnace. The both casts were prepared from copper Cu99,5, zinc Zn99,5, bismuth Bi99,9 and foundry alloy CuP10. From the casts, ingots with a diameter of 184 mm were cast by stationary casting into copper water-cooled moulds. From these ingots dimension stock in a length of 770 mm were then prepared and directly extruded on extrusions in a diameter of 18,5 mm. The extrusion was conducted at a temperature of 720 to 740 °C at a leaving velocity of 3 to 4,5 m/min.. After leaving the press, extrusions were coiled into circles in a diameter of 1,2 m. These extrusions were then straightened on prismatic cylinders, then cold drawn into a diameter of 18,0 mm and straightened and cut into the required length of 3,0 m.
  • The reached mechanical properties of both types of the brasses according to the examples are specified at the following table:
    Rp0,2 [MPa] Rm[MPa] A5 [%] HB
    1. Example 156 + 12 438 + 1 31 + 6 107 + 0,4
    2. Example 153 + 7 438 + 5 36 + 1 99,5 + 0
    • Field of the Aplication
  • The free cutting brass alloy according to the invention can be widely used primarily for forgings, solid or hollow rods and other profiles that are further designed for cutting operation.

Claims (6)

  1. Free cutting brass alloy on basis of alloy Cu-Zn-Bi, designed primarily for cold drawing, characterized by the fact, that contains 55,0 to 75,0 % by weight of copper, 0,5 to 4,0 % by weight of bismuth, zinc residue and incidental tramp elements and impurities.
  2. Free cutting brass alloy according to the claim 1, characterized by the fact, that further contains 0,001 to 0,2 % by weight of lead.
  3. Free cutting brass alloy according to at least one of above stated claims, characterized by the fact, that further contains 0,001 % to 0,3 % by weight of phosphor.
  4. Free cutting brass alloy according to at least one of above stated claims, characterized by the fact, that further contains 0,001 % to 3,0 % by weight of silicon.
  5. Free cutting brass alloy according to at least one of above stated claims, characterized by the fact, that further contains 0,001 % to 2,0 % by weight of tin.
  6. Free cutting brass alloy according to at least one of above stated claims, characterized by the fact, that further contains max. 0,1 % by weight of aluminum, max. 0,4 % by weight of iron, max 0,3 % by weight of nickel and max. 0,5 % by weight of other tramp elements on the whole.
EP04466021A 2003-08-01 2004-07-29 Free cutting brass alloy Withdrawn EP1502965A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CZ20032094A CZ294891B6 (en) 2003-08-01 2003-08-01 Architectural bronze
CZ20032094 2003-08-01

Publications (1)

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EP1502965A1 true EP1502965A1 (en) 2005-02-02

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Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2007034571A1 (en) * 2005-09-22 2007-03-29 Sanbo Shindo Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Free-cutting copper alloy containing very low lead
CN102206772A (en) * 2010-03-30 2011-10-05 Lclip有限公司 Brass allloy
CN102329981A (en) * 2011-09-22 2012-01-25 安徽精诚铜业股份有限公司 High-tensile property brass band for lamp holder and production process thereof
CN102477498A (en) * 2010-11-26 2012-05-30 摩登岛股份有限公司 Easily-cut environment-friendly brass alloy
CN102658452A (en) * 2011-11-17 2012-09-12 中铝洛阳铜业有限公司 Processing method of copper strip used for copper steel composites
CN103045903A (en) * 2013-01-16 2013-04-17 苏州金仓合金新材料有限公司 Brass alloy bar replacing lead element by unidirectionally cutting bismuth, aluminium and tin and preparation for same
CN103114222A (en) * 2013-03-14 2013-05-22 上海天申铜业集团有限公司 Lead-free water meter and casting method of meter case
CN103710567A (en) * 2013-12-17 2014-04-09 江西鸥迪铜业有限公司 Free-cutting nickel brass alloy and preparation method thereof
CN109022844A (en) * 2018-08-02 2018-12-18 济南大学 The alterant and Modification Manners of ε phase in zinc-copper alloy
CN109266899A (en) * 2018-11-16 2019-01-25 宁波金田铜业(集团)股份有限公司 Low anti-dezincification value DZR copper ingot of a kind of environmental protection and preparation method thereof
CN112941363A (en) * 2013-06-12 2021-06-11 株式会社栗本铁工所 Copper alloy for water pipe member

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CZ2015703A3 (en) * 2015-10-07 2017-01-18 Comtes Fht A.S. Machinable brass with a reduced lead content suitable for forming by cold rolling

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0457478A1 (en) * 1990-05-15 1991-11-21 AT&T Corp. Machinable lead-free wrought copper-based alloys
US5637160A (en) * 1991-03-01 1997-06-10 Olin Corporation Corrosion-resistant bismuth brass
EP1038981A1 (en) * 1998-10-09 2000-09-27 Sambo Copper Alloy Co., Ltd Free-cutting copper alloy
JP2001059123A (en) * 1999-08-24 2001-03-06 Hitachi Alloy Kk Lead-free free-cutting copper alloy material
JP2002003967A (en) * 2000-06-26 2002-01-09 Sumitomo Light Metal Ind Ltd Lead-free free cutting brass excellent in dezincification corrosion resistance and its production method
JP2002030364A (en) * 2000-07-19 2002-01-31 Sumitomo Light Metal Ind Ltd High strength free cutting brass
JP2003277855A (en) * 2002-03-22 2003-10-02 San-Etsu Metals Co Ltd Lead-free, free-cutting brass alloy material and production method thereof

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0457478A1 (en) * 1990-05-15 1991-11-21 AT&T Corp. Machinable lead-free wrought copper-based alloys
US5637160A (en) * 1991-03-01 1997-06-10 Olin Corporation Corrosion-resistant bismuth brass
EP1038981A1 (en) * 1998-10-09 2000-09-27 Sambo Copper Alloy Co., Ltd Free-cutting copper alloy
JP2001059123A (en) * 1999-08-24 2001-03-06 Hitachi Alloy Kk Lead-free free-cutting copper alloy material
JP2002003967A (en) * 2000-06-26 2002-01-09 Sumitomo Light Metal Ind Ltd Lead-free free cutting brass excellent in dezincification corrosion resistance and its production method
JP2002030364A (en) * 2000-07-19 2002-01-31 Sumitomo Light Metal Ind Ltd High strength free cutting brass
JP2003277855A (en) * 2002-03-22 2003-10-02 San-Etsu Metals Co Ltd Lead-free, free-cutting brass alloy material and production method thereof

Non-Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 1996, no. 03 29 March 1996 (1996-03-29) *
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 2000, no. 20 10 July 2001 (2001-07-10) *
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 2002, no. 05 3 May 2002 (2002-05-03) *
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 2003, no. 12 5 December 2003 (2003-12-05) *

Cited By (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7883589B2 (en) 2005-09-22 2011-02-08 Mitsubishi Shindoh Co., Ltd. Free-cutting copper alloy containing very low lead
WO2007034571A1 (en) * 2005-09-22 2007-03-29 Sanbo Shindo Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Free-cutting copper alloy containing very low lead
CN102206772A (en) * 2010-03-30 2011-10-05 Lclip有限公司 Brass allloy
CN102477498A (en) * 2010-11-26 2012-05-30 摩登岛股份有限公司 Easily-cut environment-friendly brass alloy
CN102329981B (en) * 2011-09-22 2013-07-31 安徽精诚铜业股份有限公司 High-tensile property brass band for lamp holder and production process thereof
CN102329981A (en) * 2011-09-22 2012-01-25 安徽精诚铜业股份有限公司 High-tensile property brass band for lamp holder and production process thereof
CN102658452A (en) * 2011-11-17 2012-09-12 中铝洛阳铜业有限公司 Processing method of copper strip used for copper steel composites
CN102658452B (en) * 2011-11-17 2014-07-16 中铝洛阳铜业有限公司 Processing method of copper strip used for copper steel composites
CN103045903A (en) * 2013-01-16 2013-04-17 苏州金仓合金新材料有限公司 Brass alloy bar replacing lead element by unidirectionally cutting bismuth, aluminium and tin and preparation for same
CN103045903B (en) * 2013-01-16 2015-04-22 苏州金仓合金新材料有限公司 Brass alloy bar replacing lead element by unidirectionally cutting bismuth, aluminium and tin and preparation for same
CN103114222A (en) * 2013-03-14 2013-05-22 上海天申铜业集团有限公司 Lead-free water meter and casting method of meter case
CN103114222B (en) * 2013-03-14 2014-10-22 上海天申铜业集团有限公司 Casting method of lead-free water meter case
CN112941363A (en) * 2013-06-12 2021-06-11 株式会社栗本铁工所 Copper alloy for water pipe member
CN103710567A (en) * 2013-12-17 2014-04-09 江西鸥迪铜业有限公司 Free-cutting nickel brass alloy and preparation method thereof
CN109022844A (en) * 2018-08-02 2018-12-18 济南大学 The alterant and Modification Manners of ε phase in zinc-copper alloy
CN109266899A (en) * 2018-11-16 2019-01-25 宁波金田铜业(集团)股份有限公司 Low anti-dezincification value DZR copper ingot of a kind of environmental protection and preparation method thereof

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CZ20032094A3 (en) 2005-04-13
CZ294891B6 (en) 2005-04-13

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