EP1502017A1 - Method for operating an internal combustion engine that is equipped with a three-way catalytic converter - Google Patents
Method for operating an internal combustion engine that is equipped with a three-way catalytic converterInfo
- Publication number
- EP1502017A1 EP1502017A1 EP03729855A EP03729855A EP1502017A1 EP 1502017 A1 EP1502017 A1 EP 1502017A1 EP 03729855 A EP03729855 A EP 03729855A EP 03729855 A EP03729855 A EP 03729855A EP 1502017 A1 EP1502017 A1 EP 1502017A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- lean
- phases
- rich
- phase
- internal combustion
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
- F02D41/021—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine
- F02D41/0235—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine in relation with the state of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
- F02D41/0295—Control according to the amount of oxygen that is stored on the exhaust gas treating apparatus
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2570/00—Exhaust treating apparatus eliminating, absorbing or adsorbing specific elements or compounds
- F01N2570/16—Oxygen
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D2200/00—Input parameters for engine control
- F02D2200/02—Input parameters for engine control the parameters being related to the engine
- F02D2200/08—Exhaust gas treatment apparatus parameters
- F02D2200/0814—Oxygen storage amount
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for operating an internal combustion engine equipped with a three-way catalytic converter, in which a lambda value of the air-fuel mixture with which the internal combustion engine is supplied is cyclically alternately set below and above a stoichiometric setpoint in a forced excitation, as a result of which Lambda value in rich phases is below the stoichiometric target value and in lean phases is according to the stoichiometric target value, the rich phases and the lean phases being matched to one another according to a certain criterion in the forced excitation.
- emitted exhaust gases can be post-treated in the exhaust tract by using a three-way catalytic converter that oxidizes or reduces pollutants in the exhaust gas to innocuous compounds To supply medium stoichiometric air-fuel mixture;
- a three-way catalytic converter that oxidizes or reduces pollutants in the exhaust gas to innocuous compounds
- BEITEN This area is also known as the catalyst window.
- the air-fuel mixture is designed in a so-called linear lambda control in such a way that in the forced excitation which acts as a precontrol for the lambda control around the stoichiometric setpoint, cyclical default values are set alternately with over- and under-stoichiometric mixture. Due to the forced excitation, the default value for the lambda value in the rich phases is below the stoichiometric setpoint and in the lean phases is higher.
- a lambda controller compensates for any lambda deviations from the default value caused by a fault.
- the invention is based on the object of developing a method of the type mentioned at the outset such that an improved efficiency of a three-way catalytic converter is achieved by the positive excitation.
- the invention is achieved in a generic method in that for the criterion according to which the phases be compared, the air mass ' is used, which is supplied to the internal combustion engine in the rich and lean phases as combustion air.
- the invention is based on the knowledge that it is essential for the efficiency of a three-way catalytic converter to completely remove the amount of oxygen stored in a lean phase during the rich phase. Since the amount of oxygen with which a three-way catalytic converter is filled in a lean phase and which is emptied in the subsequent rich phase depends on the amount of air that is supplied to the internal combustion engine as combustion air, the approach according to the invention is directly dependent on the actual, and parameters influencing the emptying process. In addition, influences that a changing air mass flow has during filling and emptying no longer have a disruptive effect, since they are taken into account when determining the criterion.
- the invention thus replaces the previously time-based forced excitation in linear lambda control by an air mass flow-based one and thereby achieves an even higher efficiency of the three-way catalytic converter, since the catalytic converter window is set more stable.
- the invention has the further advantage that in rich and lean phases the deviations from the stoichiometric target value can be chosen freely and in particular can be different.
- the air mass supplied within a time unit also changes, and thus also the oxygen quantity stored in a three-way catalytic converter or emptied therefrom within a time unit.
- the air mass-based forced excitation automatically ensures a corresponding compensation, because a corresponding shortening or extension of the lean or Fat phases occur.
- the method according to the invention thus makes the lambda control more precise, since an error is not only corrected subsequently, but is avoided from the outset.
- a target quantity can be specified.
- this target quantity can be managed dynamically, i.e. a rich or lean phase is ended when, after the criterion comparison with the directly preceding lean and rich phase has been reached.
- the air mass is used as a measure of the oxygen mass relevant during the filling or emptying process of a three-way catalytic converter.
- a direct measure of the oxygen mass that is emitted by the internal combustion engine in the lean and rich phases in the exhaust gas can be used as a criterion.
- the oxygen load during the lean phase can be calculated as follows by summing or integrating the air mass flow:
- This formula gives the oxygen mass M02 as a function of the absolute lambda value LAM, the flow of the air mass ML and the time TM which lasts a lean phase. If instead of the absolute lambda value LAM the deviation DLAM from a target value 1 assumed for the catalytic converter window is used, the following formula results:
- the concept according to the invention avoids a further error which is inherent in the purely time-based approach: it assumes that the oxygen mass stored in lean operating phases is equal to that emptied from the catalytic converter in fat phases. However, this is not the case, since even with a deviation of the same amount DLAM, the fraction in the bracket of the integral is smaller for lean operating phases than for rich operating phases.
- This assumption is not based on the forced excitation method according to the invention, which instead takes into account the rich and lean phases - regardless of the choice for DLAM and the air mass flow.
- the oxygen mass e.g. the air mass, the integrated air mass, the mean air mass or the oxygen mass calculated according to the above formula. A comparison between the accuracy requirement and the computing effort is possible here.
- a particularly precise control of the forced excitation with at the same time a relatively low computing effort can be achieved if an integral over the air mass supplied during the rich or lean phase is used as the criterion.
- the amount by which the default value in fat phases is below the stoichiometric target value can be selected equal to the amount by which the default value is set in lean phases above the stoichiometric target value.
- the integral can always be carried out simply, and automatically takes different values into account in fat and lean phases.
- the fat and the lean phase carried out in each cycle a certain time while the air mass he ⁇ averages is and during the subsequent lean or fat phase Air mass is integrated and the phase is ended when the air masses are equal.
- the time period based on previous forced stimulation concepts no longer specifies the duration of both the lean and the fat phase, but only defines (indirectly) the oxygen mass that is relevant in the lean and fat phase.
- the immediately following fat or The lean phase is then controlled to the oxygen mass stored or removed in the predetermined time period.
- a first phase is defined (it can be a lean or a fat phase), which is carried out for a specified period of time and which, based on the amount of oxygen or air mass relevant therein, is the criterion for the design of the subsequent second phase ( analogous to fat or lean phase).
- the parallelism to the quantities used in conventional forced excitation concepts can be further increased if, at the beginning of a first phase (for example a rich phase), the current air mass flow from which the internal combustion engine draws its combustion air is determined and a period of time is determined which is the first Phase must last in this air mass flow to reach a predetermined oxygen mass.
- the first phase then becomes the forced stimulation carried out for exactly this duration, regardless of how the air mass flow changes.
- the air mass or the oxygen mass is recorded during the first phase.
- the second phase is designed so that the same air mass or oxygen mass results.
- This embodiment of the method provides an air mass or oxygen mass as the target variable, but this is available in the form of a time for the preset value of the first phase, as a result of which the greatest possible parallelism with previous forced stimulation concepts exists with regard to the application of parameters.
- the inventive approach of the air mass flow-based forced excitation makes it possible to achieve equality by designing the lean phase duration TM and the fat phase duration TF. Then, as already mentioned, the fact is taken into account that in lean phases the difference DLAM between default value and stoichiometric mean is positive, in bold phases it is negative, so that the bracketed expression in lean phases is smaller than in fat phases , In addition, the default value can now be freely selected in lean or rich phases, in particular DLAM no longer has to be the same in amount for the two phases.
- the concept according to the invention can be used with particular utility in multi-cylinder internal combustion engines with two cylinder groups that can be supplied independently with an air / fuel mixture.
- a method is therefore preferred that determines a criterion for a cylinder group and uses it as a specification.
- one cylinder group is operated as a master group, the other follows as a so-called slave group.
- the master group can specify this in a variety of ways. It is essential that a forced synchronization takes place at certain times. For this purpose, it is possible to specify an air mass setpoint, a setpoint for the mean air mass, a setpoint for the oxygen mass, etc.
- FIG 3 shows a further embodiment of a method for air mass-based forced excitation, in which a time variable for application to an internal combustion engine type can be set, and
- a preset value is set in a forced excitation around a stoichiometric lambda setpoint as a feedforward control for the lambda control.
- a lean and fat shift of the mixture is alternately specified.
- the three-way catalyst which has oxygen storage properties, is filled with oxygen, while it is emptied again in the fat shift.
- This filling and emptying process depends on the difference between the specified value and the stoichiometric setpoint in the phases, ie on the amplitude of the forced excitation and on the duration of the shift.
- the amount of oxygen with which the three-way catalytic converter is filled and emptied depends on the amount of air that is supplied to the internal combustion engine during combustion.
- the oxygen mass supplied during a lean phase results from the following equation:
- ML is the air mass
- DLAM is the lambda change, i.e. reproduces the amplitude of the forced excitation. This equation is also called the oxygen mass integral.
- the integral is calculated in each case.
- the lean phase is carried out in such a way that a specific oxygen mass value M02 is established.
- the immediately following fat phase is also designed so that exactly this oxygen mass value M02 is obtained.
- the lambda change DLAM is approximated as close as possible to a rectangular function, so that m half cycles 3 and 4 each give a constant lambda change DLAM.
- the transitions between half-cycles 3 and 4 correspond to a linear change, the gradient of which is selected such that there are no loss of comfort when operating an internal combustion engine.
- the lambda value DLAM in each half cycle 3 and 4 is used for the calculation of the oxygen mass by means of the integral indicated above.
- the lean phase duration TM is the time that exists between two zero crossings of the lambda curve 1. This results in a plotted the oxygen mass integral curve 2, in which the air mass ML is plotted against the time t. As can be seen, the oxygen mass integral curve 2 also runs cyclically and is synchronous with the lambda curve 1. At the end of the lean phase duration TM, the oxygen mass integral curve 2 has a local minimum.
- the end of a lean phase and thus the end of a half cycle 3 is determined using the oxygen mass integral profile 2. If the value of the oxygen mass integral falls below a value M02, a switching point 5 is determined at which the lean phase is ended, ie the lambda change DLAM, which was constant until then, becomes zero with the slope mentioned above and then to the opposite value for the lean -Phase changed.
- the lean phase duration TM then ends at the zero crossing, and the fat phase duration TF follows. From this zero crossing, the value of the oxygen mass integral increases again. Achieved 'he zero, another set point is reached 6 at which initiated the end of the rich phase duration, and the lambda change DLAM, is sent back with the aforementioned pitch, the value for the next lean period.
- step SI the internal combustion engine is operated with a rich mixture, ie the lambda value LAM is reduced; this is illustrated schematically in step S1 by a minus sign.
- the oxygen mass integral is calculated in a step S2. This can be the integral indicated above.
- the lambda value can be kept constant, it is not necessary to take it into account, and it is sufficient to form an integral or sum over the air mass flow alone.
- step S3 It is then checked in a step S3 whether the sum reached is above a value M02. If this is not the case (“ACTUAL branching”), the system jumps back before step S2, i.e. the fat phase continues.
- step S4 which causes the mixture to become leaner, ie a lean lambda value LAM is specified.
- LAM lean lambda value
- step S6 it is queried whether this sum again reached the value M02. If this is not the case ("N branch"), the lean phase is continued, i.e. Step S5 is executed again. If, on the other hand, the oxygen mass value M02 is reached ("J" branch), the system jumps back before step SI, i.e. a fat phase follows again.
- step S7 a cycle period T is first initialized, ie set to zero.
- a fat phase then takes place in a step S8 by reducing the lambda value LAM.
- step S9 this is followed, analogously to step S2, by oxygen mass integral calculation or the summation or integration of the air mass.
- a step S10 the cycle time T is increased, i.e. increased by a time increment.
- a query in a step S11 checks whether the current cycle duration t is above a threshold value SW. If this is not the case (“N” branching), the rich phase is continued, that is, the process continues with step S9. On the other hand, if the cycle duration has exceeded a predetermined threshold value SW2 (“J branching”), in a step S12 the value of the sum or the integral over the air mass is stored as the oxygen mass value M02. It then serves to control the subsequent lean phase. Steps S13, S14 and S15 are carried out, which correspond to steps S4 to S6.
- the air mass-based criterion for comparing the rich and lean phases in the forced excitation can also be used for internal combustion engines that use several, e.g. have two cylinder groups, the air-fuel mixture of which can be set independently of one another. This is usually the case with internal combustion engines with several cylinder banks, for example with V6 or V8 designs.
- a cylinder bank In the case of forced excitation, a cylinder bank is operated as a so-called master, i.e. it provides the default values for the air mass-based adjustment criterion for the other bank, which is running as a slave.
- the lambda curve of the bank operated as a master is provided with reference symbol la in FIG. 4 and, like the associated oxygen mass integral curve 2a, is drawn with a larger line width.
- the end of the half cycle 3a is initiated and a half cycle 4a follows, the end of which is initiated at the switching point 6.
- the half cycles 3b and 4b of the cylinder group operated as a slave are based on the oxygen mass values M02, which were reached by default at the switching points 5a and 6, respectively.
- the oxygen mass integral curve 2b shows for the slave cylinder bank, which is operated in counter-clockwise fashion to the master cylinder group, the switching point 5b is reached in time after the switching point, ie the half cycle 3b lasts longer than the half cycle 3a.
- the half cycle 4a is also longer than the half cycle 4b.
- the half cycles 4a and 3b are forcibly synchronized, so that it is ensured that overall the push-pull or the specified phase offset between the master's forced excitation - Cylinder group and the slave cylinder group are retained.
- the integration should still be continued so that the slave bank can then be used as the master bank for a short time.
- the further lambda curve la and 1b and the oxygen mass integral curve 2a and 2b clearly show the influence of the oxygen mass integral on the duration of the rich and lean phases and thus on the period of the forced excitation.
- the oxygen mass integral profile 2a and 2b runs there with a significantly lower inclination, i.e. the internal combustion engine draws in a significantly lower air mass flow than before. Accordingly, the half cycles 4b and 3a are extended accordingly.
- the comparison using the air mass-based criterion not only ensures that lean and rich phases are the same in terms of efficiency, but also that an optimal oxygen mass can be set, which is stored in or taken from the three-way catalytic converter.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE10220337A DE10220337B4 (en) | 2002-05-07 | 2002-05-07 | A method of operating an internal combustion engine equipped with a three-way catalytic converter |
DE10220337 | 2002-05-07 | ||
PCT/DE2003/001407 WO2003095817A1 (en) | 2002-05-07 | 2003-05-02 | Method for operating an internal combustion engine that is equipped with a three-way catalytic converter |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1502017A1 true EP1502017A1 (en) | 2005-02-02 |
Family
ID=29285164
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP03729855A Withdrawn EP1502017A1 (en) | 2002-05-07 | 2003-05-02 | Method for operating an internal combustion engine that is equipped with a three-way catalytic converter |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US7500354B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1502017A1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE10220337B4 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2003095817A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102004009615B4 (en) * | 2004-02-27 | 2008-03-13 | Siemens Ag | Method for determining the current oxygen loading of a 3-way catalytic converter of a lambda-controlled internal combustion engine |
DE102006003487B4 (en) * | 2006-01-25 | 2021-11-18 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Method for lambda modulation |
DE102007005684B3 (en) * | 2007-02-05 | 2008-04-10 | Siemens Ag | Internal-combustion engine operating method for motor vehicle, involves determining high carbon quality value, which is representative for oxygen storage capability of catalytic converter, and determining nitrogen oxide quality value |
DE102007019737B3 (en) * | 2007-04-26 | 2008-07-31 | Audi Ag | Method for determination of correction value for central position of lambda, involves regulating correction value for central position of lambda by control of internal combustion engine or catalyst |
DE102008005959B4 (en) | 2008-01-24 | 2009-09-10 | Continental Automotive Gmbh | Engine control unit and engine control method for an internal combustion engine |
DE102009010887B3 (en) | 2009-02-27 | 2010-04-29 | Continental Automotive Gmbh | Method and device for operating an internal combustion engine |
US8327628B2 (en) * | 2009-09-29 | 2012-12-11 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Gasoline particulate filter regeneration and diagnostics |
US8875494B2 (en) * | 2009-09-29 | 2014-11-04 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Fuel control for spark ignited engine having a particulate filter system |
US8186336B2 (en) * | 2009-09-29 | 2012-05-29 | GM Global Technology Operations LLC | Fuel control system and method for improved response to feedback from an exhaust system |
Family Cites Families (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2962987B2 (en) * | 1993-12-01 | 1999-10-12 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | Fuel control device for internal combustion engine |
US5678402A (en) | 1994-03-23 | 1997-10-21 | Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Air-fuel ratio control system for internal combustion engines and exhaust system temperature-estimating device applicable thereto |
DE19511548A1 (en) * | 1995-03-29 | 1996-06-13 | Daimler Benz Ag | Nitrous oxide reduction system in vehicle engine exhaust |
DE19606652B4 (en) * | 1996-02-23 | 2004-02-12 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Method of setting the air-fuel ratio for an internal combustion engine with a downstream catalytic converter |
US5842340A (en) * | 1997-02-26 | 1998-12-01 | Motorola Inc. | Method for controlling the level of oxygen stored by a catalyst within a catalytic converter |
US5974788A (en) * | 1997-08-29 | 1999-11-02 | Ford Global Technologies, Inc. | Method and apparatus for desulfating a nox trap |
DE19801815A1 (en) * | 1998-01-19 | 1999-07-22 | Volkswagen Ag | Lean-burn i.c. engine exhaust gas cleaning process |
DE19953601C2 (en) * | 1999-11-08 | 2002-07-11 | Siemens Ag | Method for checking an exhaust gas catalytic converter of an internal combustion engine |
JP3680217B2 (en) | 2000-06-26 | 2005-08-10 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | Air-fuel ratio control device for internal combustion engine |
DE10035238A1 (en) * | 2000-07-20 | 2002-01-31 | Daimler Chrysler Ag | Fuel and air quantity regulator for internal combustion engine, periodically determines volume of oxygen included in exhaust gas to regulate the feeding of combustion air and/or fuel to the motor |
DE10040517A1 (en) * | 2000-08-18 | 2002-02-28 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Ag | Method for mixture formation for an internal combustion engine with a catalyst in the exhaust system |
-
2002
- 2002-05-07 DE DE10220337A patent/DE10220337B4/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2003
- 2003-05-02 WO PCT/DE2003/001407 patent/WO2003095817A1/en active Application Filing
- 2003-05-02 EP EP03729855A patent/EP1502017A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2003-05-02 US US10/513,509 patent/US7500354B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO03095817A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2003095817A1 (en) | 2003-11-20 |
US7500354B2 (en) | 2009-03-10 |
DE10220337A1 (en) | 2003-11-27 |
US20050166578A1 (en) | 2005-08-04 |
DE10220337B4 (en) | 2006-04-20 |
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