EP1501785A1

EP1501785A1 - Alkyne compounds

Info

Publication number: EP1501785A1
Application number: EP03747418A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Robert Parker; Norbert Schneider; Gerhard Wagenblast; Rüdiger Sens
Original assignee: BASF SE
Current assignee: BASF SE
Priority date: 2002-04-29
Filing date: 2003-04-25
Publication date: 2005-02-02
Also published as: WO2003093216A1; AU2003232510A8; TW200307030A; US7264749B2; JP2005528416A; WO2003093216A8; DE10219202A1; KR20040111552A; CN1649823A; AU2003232510A1; US20050151118A1

Abstract

The invention relates to alkyne compounds of formula (I), P1-Y1-A1-Y3-(T1-B1-)m-T3-C=C-T4-(B2-T2-)n-Y4-A2-Y2-P2 in which P1, P2 independently represent hydrogen, C1-C12 alkyl, a polymerizable group, a group that is suitable for polymerization, or a radical carrying a polymerizable group or a group that is suitable for polymerization, Y1, Y2, Y3, Y4 independently represent a linking unit, B1, B2 independently represent -C=C- or a linking group as defined for Y1 to Y4, A1, A2 independently represent a single chemical bond or a spacer comprising one to 30 carbon atoms, T1, T2, T3, T4 independently represent divalent saturated or unsaturated carbocyclic or heterocyclic radicals, and m, n independently represent 0 or 1, provided that at least one of the linking units Y3 or Y4 represents an -O-CO-O-, -O-CO-N(R)-, -(R)N-CO-O-, or -(R)N-CO-N(R)- group. The invention also relates to non-polymerizable and polymerizable liquid crystalline compositions containing at least one inventive alkyne compound of formula I, the use of said non-polymerizable and polymerizable liquid crystalline compositions for the production of optical components, the use of the polymerizable liquid crystalline compositions for imprinting or coating substrates, producing dispersing agents, emulsifiers, films, and pigments, as well as such optical components, imprinted or coated substrates, dispersing agents, emulsifiers, films, and pigments.

Description

alkyne compounds

description

The present invention relates to alkyne compounds of the formula I.

p ^l _γ ^l _ _A ^l -γ ³ - (τ ^l -B ¹ -) _m -T ³ -C≡CT- (B ² -T ² -) _n -YA ² -Y ² -P ² (I)

^' in which mean

P ¹ , P ² independently of one another are hydrogen, C 1 -C ₂ -alkyl, a polymerizable group or a group suitable for polymerization or a radical which carries a polymerizable group or suitable for polymerization,

Y ¹ , Y ² , Y ³ , Y ⁴ independently of one another are a single chemical bond, -0-, -S-, -CO-, -C0-0-, -0-C0-, -CO-N (R) -, - (R) N-CO-, -O-CO-O-, -O-CO-N (R) -, - (R) N-CO-O- or - (R) N-CO-N (R ) -,

B ¹ , B ² independently of one another -C≡C-, a chemical single bond, -0-, -S-, -C0-, -C0-0--, -O-CO-, -C0-N (R) - , - {R) N-C0-, -O-CO-O-, -O-CO-N (R) -, - (R) N-CO-O- or - (R) N-CO-N ( R) -

R independently of one another and independently of the respective meaning in Y ¹ to Y ⁴ , B ¹ and B ^{2 are} hydrogen or C ₁ -C ₄ -alkyl,

A ¹ , A ² independently of one another are a chemical single bond or a spacer with one to 30 carbon atoms,

T ¹ , T ² , T ³ , T ⁴ independently of one another divalent saturated or unsaturated carbo- or heterocyclic radicals and

m, n independently of one another 0 or 1,

with the proviso that at least one of the linking units Y ³ or Y ^{4 forms} a group -O-CO-O-, -O-CO-N (R) -, - (R) N-CO-O- or - (R ) N-CO-N (R) - means.

The invention further relates to non-polymerizable and polymerizable liquid-crystalline compositions which contain at least one alkyne compound of the formula I according to the invention, the use of these non-polymerizable and polymerizable liquid-crystalline compositions for the production of optical components, the use of the polymerizable liquid-crystalline compositions for printing or coating substrates, for producing dispersions and emulsions, films and pigments, and also such optical components, printed or coated substrates, dispersions and emulsions, films and pigments.

Because of their comparatively high birefringent properties, liquid-crystalline systems containing alkyne compounds include of broadband reflective elements of interest in electro-optical applications. A wide variety of such alkyne derivatives and their uses are described, for example, in the publications DE 39 05 932 AI, DE 199 26 044 AI, DE 100 64 291 AI, FR 2 234 261, GB 2 155 465 A, GB 2 334 718 A, GB 2 351 734 A, JP ll-080'090 A, JP P2000-281628A, JP P2000-281629A, EP 0 727 473 A2, EP 0 930 286 AI, EP 0 968 988 AI,

EP 1 054 001 AI and the publications by A.P. Davey et al. (J.Mater. Chem., 1997, 7 (3), 417-420) and N. Leroux and L.-C. Chien (Liquid Crystals, 1996, Vol. 21, No. 2, 189-195).

In addition to other criteria usually to be met by liquid crystalline materials, such as the highest possible anisotropy of the dielectric properties and the highest possible specific resistance, their phase behavior is also important. In order to have as much scope as possible with regard to the processing conditions, these materials should have the desired liquid-crystalline behavior over a wide temperature range.

The object of the present invention was therefore to provide further alkyne compounds with comparatively high birefringent properties which are suitable for the production of liquid-crystalline compositions and which themselves or in the form of such compositions have a phase width which is sufficiently large for processing.

This object was achieved according to the invention by the alkyne compounds of the formula I described at the outset.

As C ¹ -C ₂ alkyl for P ¹ and P ² in formula I are branched or unbranched C 1 -C ₂ alkyl chains, for example methyl, ethyl, "n-propyl, 1-methylethyl, n-butyl, 1-methylpropyl -, 2-methylpropyl, 1, 1-dimethylethyl, n-pentyl, 1-methylbutyl, 2-methylbutyl, 3-methylbu yl, 2, 2-dimethylpropyl, 1-ethylpropyl, n-hexyl, 1, 1-dimethylpropyl, 1 , 2-dimethylpropyl, 1-methylpentyl, 2-methylpentyl, 3-methylpentyl, 4-methylpentyl, 1, 1-dimethylbutyl, 1,2-dimethylbutyl, 1, 3-dimethylbutyl, 2, 2-dimethylbutyl, 2, 3-dimethylbutyl, 3, 3-dimethylbutyl, 1-ethylbutyl, 2-ethylbutyl, 1, 1,2-trimethylpropyl, 1, 2,2-trimethylpropyl, 1-ethyl-1-methylpropyl, 1-ethyl- 2-methylpropyl, n-heptyl, n-octyl, 2-ethylhexyl, n-nonyl, n-decyl, n-undeσyl and n-dodecyl.

Preferred alkyl for P ¹ and P ² are the branched or unbranched C ₆ -C ₆ alkyl chains, such as methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, 1-methylethyl, n-butyl, 1-methylpropyl, 2-methylpropyl, 1.1 -Dimethylethyl, n-pentyl, 1-methylbutyl, 2-methylbutyl, 3-methylbutyl, 2, 2-dimethylpropyl, 1-ethylpropyl and n-hexyl.

As a polymerizable or suitable group for polymerisation or as a group bearing a polymerisable or suitable group for polymerisation (hereinafter such groups or groups are simply referred to as "reactive groups"), P ¹ and P ^{2 are} particularly suitable:

-N = C = 0, -N = C = S, -0-C≡N, -C00H, -OH or -NH ₂ , where the radicals R ¹ to R ^{3 can be the} same or different and are hydrogen or C ₁ - C ₄ alkyl, such as methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, sec-butyl or tert-butyl.

The reactive radicals for P ¹ and P ² are in particular the 1-methylvinyl and vinyl radicals. In connection with these radicals, the linking units Y ¹ and Y ² include, in particular, the carboxyl group -C0-0- or -0-C0- and the chemical single bond. Groups containing reactive residues

P ^ —Y ¹ - and -γ ² -p ² are therefore in particular acrylate, methacrylate and vinyl residues.

The cyanates can spontaneously trimerize from the reactive residues to cyanurates. The other groups mentioned usually require further compounds with complementary reactive radicals for the polymerization. For example, isocyanates with alcohol polymerize to urethanes and with amines to urea derivatives. The same applies to thiiranes and aziridines. Carboxyl groups can be condensed to polyesters and polyamides. The maleimido group is particularly suitable for radical copolymerization with olefinic compounds, such as, for example, styrene, or with compounds which contain styrene structural elements.

The reactive radicals and the reactive radicals complementary to them can be present both in one and the same alkyne compound according to the invention and in a further alkyne compound according to the invention.

On the other hand, the complementary reactive radicals can also be present in further compounds not according to the invention. Examples of the latter are polyhydric alcohols, such as ethylene glycol, propylene glycol and their more highly condensed representatives, such as ethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, tripropylene glycol etc., butanediol, pentanediol, hexanediol, neopentyl glycol, alkoxylated phenolic compounds, such as ethoxylated or propoxylated bisphenols, cyclohexanedimethanol, trifunctional and higher-functional alcohols, such as glycerol, trimethylolpropane, butanetriol, trimethylolethane, pentaerythritol, ditrimethylolpropane, dipentaerythritol, sorbitol, mannitol and the corresponding alkoxylated, in particular ethoxy- and propoxylated. Also suitable are amino alcohols which are derived from the aforementioned alcohols by replacing one or more hydroxyl groups with amino groups.

As Cχ-C ₄ alkyl for R in the groups -CO-N (R) -, - (R) N-CO-, -O-CO shown under the linking units Y ¹ to Y ⁴ and B ¹ , B ² -N (R) -, - (R) N-CO-O- and - (R) N-CO-N (R) - come methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, iso-propyl, n-butyl, iso- Butyl, sec-butyl and tert-butyl. If one or two R radicals are present in one of the units Y ¹ to Y ⁴ and B ¹ , B ^{2, the} R radicals present in the other units may be the same or different. The same applies if there are two R groups in one unit.

Spacers A ¹ and A ² are all groups known to the person skilled in the art for this purpose. They generally contain one to 30, preferably one to 12, particularly preferably one to six carbon atoms and consist of predominantly linear aliphatic groups. The spacers can be in the chain, for example, by non-adjacent oxygen or sulfur atoms or imino or

Alkylimino groups, such as, for example, methylimino groups, to be broken. Fluorine, chlorine, bromine, cyano, methyl and ethyl are suitable as substituents for the spacer chain.

Representative spacers are for example:

- (CH ₂ ) _U - / - (CH ₂ CH ₂ 0) _V CH2CH2-, -CH2CH2SCH2CH2-, -CH2CH ₂ NHCH ₂ CH ₂ -,

CH ₃ CH ₃ CH ₃ CH _{3 C1} -CH2CH2N-CH2CH2- '- (CH ₂ CH0) _W CH ₂ CH-' - (CH ₂ ) ₆ CH- or -CH ₂ CH ₂ CH- '

where u, v and w take integer values and u stands for 1 to 30, preferably 1 to 12, v for 1 to 14, preferably 1 to 5, and w for 1 to 9, preferably 1 to 3.

Preferred spacers are ethylene, propylene, n-butylene, n-pentylene and n-hexylene.

The radicals T ¹ to T ⁴ are ring systems which are replaced by fluorine, chlorine, bromine, cyano, hydroxyl, formyl, nitro,

Cι-C ₂ o ^_ Ä-lkyl, Cι-C ₂ oA-lkoxy, Cι-C ₂ o-alkoxycarbonyl, Cι-C ₂₀ mono- alkylaminocarbonyl, Cι-C ₂ rj-alkylcarbonyl, Cι-C ₂ o-alkylcarbonyloxy or -CC ₂₀ alkylcarbonylamino can be substituted.

Preferred radicals T ¹ to T ⁴ are:

In the alkyne compounds of the formula I according to the invention, at least one of the residues A ¹ and A ² and the central unit (T ¹ -B ¹ -) _m -T ³ -C≡CT ⁴ - (B ² - T ² -) _n (hereinafter also referred to briefly as M), linking unit Y ³ or Y ^{4 located} the meaning of a group -O-CO-O-, -O-CO-N (R) -, - ( R) N-CO-O- or - (R) N-CO-N (R) - to. The other of the linking units can be any group listed under the meaning of Y ¹ to Y ⁴ .

Preferred compounds of the formula I according to the invention, also taking into account the preferences already mentioned, have at least one group -O-CO-O- as the linking unit Y ³ or Y ⁴ , the other of the linking units here again having any meaning group from Y ¹ to Y ⁴ can be.

Particularly preferred compounds of the formula I, also taking into account the preferences already stated, are those in which the two linking units Y ³ and Y ⁴ denote a group -O-CO-O-.

Further preferred compounds of the formula I, also taking into account the preferences already mentioned, are those in which the sum of the variables m and n assumes values of 0 or 1. The central unit M thus preferably comprises two or three divalent saturated or unsaturated carbo- or heterocyclic radicals T. Examples of such preferred radicals T ¹ to T ⁴ have already been listed above.

Preferred compounds of the formula I, also taking into account the preferences already mentioned, are furthermore those in which at least one of the radicals P ¹ or P ^{2 is} a polymerizable or polymerizable group or a radical which carries a polymerizable or polymerizable group , means. Corresponding reactive radicals with their preferences, also with regard to the linking units Y ¹ and Y ² , have also been mentioned previously.

The alkyne compounds of the formula I according to the invention are synthesized by methods known per se.

In principle, a possible route is the construction of the central unit (T ¹ -ßi-J _m - ^ - C≡CT ⁴ - (B ² -T ² -) _n by means of Sonogashira reaction starting from starting materials which contain corresponding molecular fragments ( ⁱ -B ⁱ -Jm-T ^S -C≡CH and Hal-T ⁴ - (B ² -T ² -) _n or (T ⁱ -B ⁱ - - ^ - Hal and HC≡CT ⁴ - (B ² - T ² -) _n , where shark is halogen, preferably iodine, and the intermediate compounds obtained are then further converted to the target compounds of the formula I by customary synthesis methods. Another way is to bring about appropriate reactants by Sonogashira reaction which already contain additional molecular fragments pi-Yi-Ai-Y ³ - and / or -γ4- _A 2_γ2_p2. For example, compounds of the general formula P ¹ -Y ¹ -A ¹ -Y ³ - (T ¹ -B ¹ -) _m -T ³ -C≡CH with compounds of the general formula Hal-T ⁴ - (B ² - T ² -) _n -Y ⁴ -A ² -Y ² -P ² , compounds of the general formula P ¹ -Y ¹ -A ¹ -Y ³ - (T ¹ -B ¹ -) _m -T ³ -C≡CH with compounds which contain fragments of the general formula Hal-T ⁴ - (B ² -T ² -) _n , or also compounds which contain fragments of the general formula (T ¹ -B ^ —J _m -T ³ -C≡CH , with compounds of the general formula Hal-T ⁴ - (B ² -T ² -) _n -Y ⁴ -A ² -Y ² -P ² to the target compounds of formula I. The alkynyl radical -C≡CH and the halogen atom Hai can of course also be located in the other connection or fragment.

The educt alkyne compound, e.g. B. (T ¹ -B ¹ -) _m -T ³ -C≡CH or pi_γl_ _A ι_γ3_ ( _T ι_ _B ι_) _m _ _T 3_ _c = _c _ _{H / unc} : the starting material halogen compound, e.g. Hal-T ⁴ - (B ² -T ² -) _n or Hal-T ⁴ - (B ² -T -) _n -Y -A ² -Y ² -P ² are usually used in a molar ratio of 1: 1 ,

In the context of retrosynthetic considerations, it can also make sense to produce, for example, alkyne compounds containing the fragments in a first step

-A ¹ -Y ³ - (T ^l -B ¹ -) _ra -T ³ -C≡CT ⁴ - (B ² -T-) _n -Y ⁴ -A ² -Y ² -P ² ,

p ^l -γ ^l -A ¹ -Y ³ - (T ¹ -B ¹ -) _m -T ³ -C≡CT ⁴ - (B ² -T-) _n -Y ⁴ -A ² -,

-A ¹ -Y- (T ¹ -B ¹ -) _m -T ³ -C≡CT ⁴ - (B ² -T ² -) _I1 -YA ² -,

_ _A l_γ3_ (l_ _B l_) _m _ _T 3_ _C≡C _ _T 4_ ( _B 2_ _T 2_) _n _ _or

_ ( _T l_ _B l_) _m _ _T 3_ _C≡C _ 4_ ( _B 2_ _T 2_) _n _γ4_ _A 2

contained, and then to convert them in one or more subsequent steps with the corresponding complementary compounds in the target compounds of formula I.

If P ¹ and / or P ² are reactive residues which are not stable under the reaction conditions of the Songashira reaction, suitable starting materials can also be used, for example

_P i'_γi_ _A ι_γ3_ ( _T ι_ _B ι_ _{) m} _ _T 3_ _Ha ι and / or

HC≡CT ⁴ - (B ² -T ² -) _n -YA ² -Y ² -P ² ' are assumed in which the radicals P ¹ 'and / or P ² ' denote stable precursor groups under the reaction conditions. The latter groups can then be converted into the corresponding reactive radicals P ¹ and / or P ² in a subsequent step.

The present invention furthermore relates to non-polymerizable liquid-crystalline compositions which comprise at least one compound of the formula I or a preferred embodiment thereof.

These non-polymerizable liquid-crystalline compositions mean in particular those compositions which are not capable of forming self-supporting polymerization or condensation products under customary conditions. These compositions can be prepared, for example, by mixing suitable, commercially available liquid-crystalline materials, such as those used for active LC layers in display technology, with one or more of the compounds according to the invention. These compositions can contain compounds, in particular also those of the formula I, with reactive radicals, although the concentration of reactive radicals is not sufficient to produce correspondingly crosslinked self-supporting polymerization or condensation products. Therefore, compounds of the formula I in which P ^{1 is used} are preferably used in such non-polymerizable compositions. and P ² in formula I correspond to hydrogen or C 1 -C ₂ alkyl.

Polymerizable liquid-crystalline compositions which contain at least one compound of the formula I or a preferred embodiment thereof are also claimed.

These are to be understood in particular as those compositions in which at least one of the constituents is capable of forming polymerization or condensation products under customary conditions. This component does not necessarily have to be a polymerizable compound of the formula I according to the invention. The only decisive factor is that the liquid-crystalline composition as such is polymerizable and can be polymerized or condensed into self-supporting products.

Depending on the number of reactive residues in the constituents of these polymerizable liquid-crystalline compositions, the desired degree of polymerization, crosslinking and / or condensation can be set after the polymerization or condensation has taken place. As a rule, the connectors according to the invention have fertilize formula I in such compositions at least one, usually even two reactive radicals P. These compositions can easily be prepared by mixing suitable polymerizable, liquid-crystalline materials with one or more of the compounds according to the invention. Suitable polymerizable, liquid-crystalline compounds are described, for example, in WO documents 95/22586, 95/24454, 95/24455, 96/04351, 96/24647, 97/00600, 97/34862 and 98/47979 and in document EP 1 134 270 AI and DE 198 35 730 AI described and correspond essentially to the schematic structure PYAYMYAYP, wherein the variables P, Y and A have meanings similar to the variables P ¹ and P ² , Y ¹ to Y ⁴ and A ¹ and A ² in formula I. have. M denotes a mesogenic unit in analogy to the central unit (T ^l _ _B ^l _) _m _'τ ³ -C≡CT ⁴ - - (B ² -T ² -) _n in formula I, which is shortened in the context of this application is also designated with M.

Of course, the non-polymerizable and polymerizable liquid-crystalline compositions according to the invention can also contain, as constituents, one or more alkyne derivatives, which are described in the documents mentioned at the beginning. It is easy for a person skilled in the art to select suitable compounds with regard to whether non-polymerizable or polymerizable compositions are to be set.

The non-polymerisable and polymerisable liquid-crystalline compositions according to the invention are generally not only to be understood as those compositions in which one or more constituents already have liquid-crystalline properties per se (in the temperature range of interest), but rather also include those compositions in which liquid crystalline behavior occurs only by mixing the constituents or only by admixing the compounds according to the invention (for example lyotropic systems). Furthermore, the compounds of the formula I according to the invention and preferred embodiments thereof may themselves have liquid-crystalline behavior, but they do not necessarily have to have this property.

The reactive compounds, which are listed in DE 100 25 782 A1 as component B) of the liquid-crystalline compositions described there, can also be added to the polymerizable liquid-crystalline compositions according to the invention. These mostly cost-effective compounds generally do not themselves show any liquid-crystalline behavior, but their admixing opens up the possibility of increasing the proportion of expensive components in the compositions according to the invention reduce without noticeably influencing the liquid-crystalline behavior of the compositions. In addition, the properties of the compositions, such as the degree of crosslinking, viscosity, elasticity, etc., can be specifically set with the aid of such reactive compounds. The choice of suitable reactive compounds is easy for the person skilled in the art, if appropriate after carrying out preliminary tests. It should be noted here that such reactive compounds can also act as (auxiliary) compounds in the sense discussed above.

Depending on the intended use of the non-polymerisable and polymerisable liquid-crystalline compositions according to the invention, they can also contain at least one chiral compound. By adding them, cholesteric compositions are obtained which have special optical properties, such as color effects depending on the viewing angle, reflection in the IR or UV wavelength range of the spectral range, etc.

Preferred chiral compounds correspond to the general formulas Ia to Id

( _P 3_γ5_) _p χ _{Ia #} ( _P 3_γ5_ _A 3_γ6_) _p χ j _{0 ι}

( _P 3_γ5_) _p χ _{Ic #} (p3_γ5_ _A 3_γ6_ _M '_γ7_) _p χ _{Id #}

in which M 'denotes a mesogenic group (T ⁵ -B ³ -) _q -T ^β and the definitions of the variables P ³ , Y ⁵ to Y ⁷ , A ³ , T ⁵ and T ⁶ and B ³ those of the variables P ¹ and P ² , Y ¹ to Y ⁴ , A ¹ and A ² , T ¹ to T ⁴ and B ¹ and B ² correspond to formula I, p represents values of 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6 and X for corresponding n-valent chiral residues. The p groups attached to the chiral radical X can be the same or different.

Possible radicals X are, for example

in which L R ', R'O, COOR', OCOR ', CONHR' or NHCOR ', halogen, especially fluorine, chlorine or bromine, and R' -C ~ C ₄ alkyl, such as methyl, ethyl, n-ropyl, i Propyl, n-butyl, i-butyl, tert-butyl.

X is particularly preferred

The following groups are preferably used as mesogenic groups M 'in the chiral compounds of the formula Id:

with j 'and j "being 0 or 1.

Further chiral compounds which contain the abovementioned and other suitable chiral radicals X are mentioned, for example, in the documents WO 95/16007, EP 0 747 382 AI, EP 0 750 029 AI, EP 1 136 478 AI and DE 198 43 724 AI. He f indungs according to the use of the non-polymerizable and polymerizable liquid-crystalline compositions for the production of optical components, such as. B. LCDs, polarizers or filters.

The present invention also relates to those optical components which have been obtained using these non-polymerizable and polymerizable liquid-crystalline compositions.

The polymerizable liquid-crystalline compositions claimed according to the invention are also used for printing or coating substrates. These compositions may contain further additives. Add-ons selected from the group consisting of:

1) photoinitiators,

2) diluents,

3) Additives selected from the group consisting of:

a) defoaming and deaerating,

b) lubricants and leveling agents,

c) thermally curing or radiation-curing aids,

d) substrate wetting aids,

e) wetting and dispersing aids,

f) water repellents and

g) adhesion promoters and aids to improve the scratch resistance,

4) Additives selected from the group consisting of:

a) dyes and

b) pigments and

5) Additives selected from the group of light, heat and / or oxidation stabilizers. The chemical-physical nature of these additives is described in detail in WO 00/47694.

Within the scope of the present invention, further printed or coated substrates are claimed which have been produced using the polymerizable compositions according to the invention, optionally in a mixture with the aforementioned additives.

In addition to paper and cardboard products, for example for tote bags, magazines, brochures, gift packaging and packaging materials for consumer goods, luxury goods, and packaging, foils such as for decorative and non-decorative packaging purposes, as well as textiles of all kinds and leather are also considered as such substrates , Furthermore, there are also substrates for the production of banknotes, securities, entry tickets, etc. materials used.

Other substrates are also goods of (entertainment) electronics, such as music cassettes (MCs), SVHS and VHS cassettes, mini disks (MDs), compact disks (CDs), digital versatile disks (DVDs) and the corresponding playback devices. and / or recording devices, televisions, radios, telephones / cell phones, EDP devices etc. and goods from the leisure, sports, household and games sector, such as bicycles, children's vehicles, skis, snowboards and surfboards, inline skaters and Roller skates, ice skates and household appliances. In addition, write ^'utensils and spectacle frames, for example, to be understood as such substrates.

Other substrates are also found in the construction sector, such as building walls or window panes. In the latter case, a functional effect may also be desired in addition to a decorative one. It is thus possible to produce multiple layers on the window material, the individual layers of which have different chemical-physical properties. For example, with the addition of an enantiomer of a chiral compound and the corresponding optical antipode, individual layers of the polymerizable liquid-crystalline compositions with opposite twist or, with the addition of different concentrations of chiral compound, individual layers of cross-linked cholesteric liquid-crystalline compositions with the same direction of rotation but each with different pitch and thus different reflection properties are applied , specific wavelengths or wavelength ranges of the light spectrum can be reflected in a targeted manner. In this way, for example, an IR or UV reflecting window coating is possible. For this aspect of the compositions according to the invention, especially thermal insulation coatings, is also referred to the document WO 99/19267.

In the context of the present invention, the use of the polymerizable liquid-crystalline compositions according to the invention for the production of dispersions and emulsions, which are preferably based on water, is also claimed. For the production of such dispersions and emulsions, reference is made to WO documents 96/02597 and 98/47979, in which the production of dispersions and emulsions using liquid-crystalline materials is described.

The present invention therefore also relates to dispersions and emulsions which have been prepared using the polymerizable liquid-crystalline compositions according to the invention. These dispersions and emulsions can also be used for printing and coating substrates, as have already been described above by way of example.

The present invention furthermore relates to the use of the polymerizable liquid-crystalline compositions according to the invention for the production of films. Such films are to be understood in particular as self-supporting layers as are obtained by polymerizing the compositions. These films can also be located on substrates or substrates that are designed in such a way that they can be easily detached and transferred to other substrates or substrates for permanent retention by suitable measures. Such films can be used, for example, in the field of film coating and in laminating processes.

The present invention accordingly also relates to films which have been produced using the polymerizable liquid-crystalline compositions according to the invention.

The use of the polymerizable liquid-crystalline compositions according to the invention for the production of pigments is also claimed.

The production of such pigments is known and is described, for example, in detail in WO 99/11733. In addition, pigments that are preset in shape and size can also be produced using printing techniques or with the aid of nets, in the interstices of which the polymerizable composition is located. The subsequent polymerization or condensation of the liquid-crystalline composition is followed by detachment or detachment from the substrate or from the network. These procedures are described in detail in WO documents 96/02597, 97/27251, 97/27252 and in document EP 0 931 110 AI.

The polymerizable liquid-crystalline compositions are converted into polymers with a frozen liquid-crystalline order structure with the aid of their reactive residues and, depending on their chemical nature, by condensation or radical or ionic polymerization processes which can be started by photochemical reactions.

These pigments can be single-layer or have a multi-layer structure. The latter pigments can usually only be produced if coating processes are used, in which several layers are successively produced one above the other and finally subjected to mechanical comminution.

The present invention therefore also relates to pigments produced from such polymerizable liquid-crystalline compositions according to the invention.

Examples:

Example 1:

Synthesis of compound 1 according to the invention:

Synthesis of compound la:

4-Iodophenol (14.3 g, 0.065 ol) was treated with N, N-dimethylcyclohexylamine ("DMCA"; 24.7 g, 0.195 mol) and kerobite BHT (a spatula tip) in dimethylformamide ("DMF"; 100 cm3 ) submitted. Acryloyloxybutyl chloroformate (15.4 g, 0.071 mol) was added dropwise at 0-5 ° C. After stirring for 3 hours at 40 ° C and 16 hours at room temperature, the mixture was poured onto 1 m salt poured acid, extracted with methyl chloride, dried over sodium sulfate and the solvent removed.

Yield of compound la: 97.8% of theory

Synthesis of target compound 1:

Compound la (10.5 g, 0.027 mol) was treated with bis (triphenylphosphine) palladium (II) chloride (0.097 g, 0.5 mol% based on the number of moles of compound la), copper (I) iodide (0.027 g , 0.5 mol% based on the mol number of compound la) and triethylamine (27 cm3, 0.194 mol) in DMF (42 cm3). Phenyl acetylene (2.7 g, 0.027 mol) in DMF (50 cm 3) was added dropwise at 40 ° C. under a nitrogen atmosphere. ^'After stirring for 5 hours at 50 ° C the mixture to 1-m Salsäure the toluene extract dried over sodium sulphate and finally the solvent was poured, extracted with 500 cm3 of toluene are removed. After purification on a column (silica gel, toluene), compound 1 was obtained in a yield of 20% of theory receive. The melting point was 59 - 60 ° C.

Example 2:

Synthesis of compound 2 according to the invention:

< ^2]

Synthesis of compound 2a:

4-iodophenol (14.3 g, 0.065 mol) was initially charged with DMCA (26.0 g, 0.205 mol) in DMF (100 cm 3). Butyl chloroformate (15.4 g, 0.071 mol) was added dropwise at 0-5 ° C. After stirring at 40 ° C. for 3 hours, the mixture was poured onto 1M hydrochloric acid (1 molar), extracted with toluene, dried over sodium sulfate and the solvent removed.

Yield of compound 2a: 93.8% of theory

Synthesis of target compound 2:

Compound 2a (8.5 g, 0.027 mol) was treated with bis (triphenylphosphine) alladium (II) chloride (0.097 g, 0.5 mol% based on the mol number of compound la), copper (I) iodide (0.027 g , 0.5 ιtιol% based on the number of moles of compound la) and triethylamine (27 cm3, 0.193 mol) in DMF (42 cm3). Phenyl acetylene (2.7 g, 0.027 mol) in DMF (50 cm 3) was added dropwise at 40 ° C. under a nitrogen atmosphere. After stirring for 5 hours at 50 ° C., the mixture was poured onto 1 M hydrochloric acid, extracted with toluene (300 cm 3), the toluene extract was dried over sodium sulfate and the solvent was removed. After purification on a column (silica gel, toluene), compound 2 was obtained in a yield of 64% of theory receive. The melting point was 55 - 56 ° C.

Example 3:

Synthesis of compound 3 according to the invention:

(3)

Compound la (11.9 g, 0.029 mol) was treated with bis (triphenylphosphine) palladium (II) chloride (0.105 g, 0.5 mol% based on the mol number of compound la), copper (I) iodide (0.029 g, 0.5 mol% based on the mol number of compound la) and triethylamine (29 cm3, 0.21 mol) in DMF (45 cm3). At 40 ° C., 4-t-phenylacetylene (5.0 g, 0.029 mol) in DMF (55 cm 3) was added dropwise under a nitrogen atmosphere. After stirring for 5 hours at 50 ° C., the mixture was poured onto 1 M hydrochloric acid, extracted with methyl chloride (300 cm 3), the extract was dried over sodium sulfate and the Solvent removed. Purification by stirring with petroleum ether gave compound 3 in a yield of 37.6% of theory The melting point was 60 - 67 ° C.

Claims

claims

1. alkyne compounds of formula I ^•

_P l_γl_ _A l_γ3_ (Tl-B ¹ -) _m -T ³ -C≡CT ⁴ - (B ² -T ² -) _n -YA ² -Y ² -P ² (I)

in which mean

P ¹ , P ² independently of one another are hydrogen, Cχ-Ci ₂ alkyl, a polymerizable group or a group suitable for polymerization or a radical which carries a polymerizable or suitable group for polymerization,

Y ¹ , Y ² , Y ³ , Y ⁴ independently of one another are a single chemical bond, -0-, -S-, -C0-, -CO-0-, -0-C0-, -CO-N (R) -, - (R) N-CO-, -O-CO-O-, -O-CO-N (R) -, - (R) N-CO-O- or - (R) N-CO-N (R ) -,

B ¹ , B ² independently of one another -C≡C-, a chemical single bond, -0-, -S-, -C0-, -C0-0-, -0-C0-, -CO-N (R) -, - (R) N-CO-, -O-CO-O-, -O-CO-N (R) -, - (R) N-CO-O- or - (R) N-CO-N (R ) -,

R independently of one another and independently of the respective meaning in Y ¹ to Y ⁴ , B ¹ and B ^{2 are} hydrogen or CC ₄ -alkyl,

A ¹ , A ² independently of one another are a chemical single bond or a spacer having one to 30 carbon atoms,

m, n independently of one another 0 or 1,

with the proviso that at least one of the linking units Y ³ or Y ^{4 forms} a group -O-CO-O-, -O-CO-N (R) -, - (R) N- C0-0- or - (R ) N-CO-N (R) - means.

2. Compounds according to claim 1, in which in formula I the radicals T ¹ to T ^{4 are} selected from the group consisting of

3. Compounds according to claim 1 or 2, in which in formula I means at least one of the linking units Y ³ or Y ⁴ -O-CO-O-.

4. Compounds according to claim 1 or 2, in which in formula I both linking units Y ³ and Y ^{4 are} -O-CO-O-.

5. Compounds according to one or more of claims 1 to 4, in which in formula I the sum of the variables m and n assumes values of 0 or 1.

Compounds according to one or more of claims 1 to 5, in which, in formula I, at least one of the radicals P ¹ or P ² denotes a polymerizable or polymerizable group or a radical which carries a polymerizable or polymerizable group.

Non-polymerisable liquid-crystalline compositions containing at least one compound of the formula I according to one or more of claims 1 to 5.

8. Polymerizable liquid-crystalline compositions containing at least one compound of the formula I according to one or more of claims 1 to 6.

9. Use of compositions according to claim 7 or 8 for the production of optical components.

10. Optical components which have been produced using compositions according to claim 7 or 8.

11. Use of compositions according to claim 8 for printing or coating substrates.

12. Printed or coated substrates which have been produced using compositions according to claim 8.

13. Use of compositions according to claim 8 for the preparation of dispersions and emulsions.

14. Dispersions and emulsions which have been prepared using compositions according to claim 8.

15. Use of compositions according to claim 8 for the production of films.

16. Films made using compositions according to claim 8.

17. Use of compositions according to claim 8 for the production of pigments.

18. Pigments which have been prepared using compositions according to claim 8.