EP1498673B1 - Système de dégivrage par gaz chaud pour installations de réfrigération - Google Patents

Système de dégivrage par gaz chaud pour installations de réfrigération Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1498673B1
EP1498673B1 EP20040015601 EP04015601A EP1498673B1 EP 1498673 B1 EP1498673 B1 EP 1498673B1 EP 20040015601 EP20040015601 EP 20040015601 EP 04015601 A EP04015601 A EP 04015601A EP 1498673 B1 EP1498673 B1 EP 1498673B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
refrigerant
cold
defrosting
consumers
refrigeration
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EP20040015601
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP1498673A1 (fr
Inventor
Klaus Koch
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Carrier Corp
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Carrier Corp
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B47/00—Arrangements for preventing or removing deposits or corrosion, not provided for in another subclass
    • F25B47/02—Defrosting cycles
    • F25B47/022—Defrosting cycles hot gas defrosting
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B1/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with non-reversible cycle
    • F25B1/10—Compression machines, plants or systems with non-reversible cycle with multi-stage compression
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2309/00—Gas cycle refrigeration machines
    • F25B2309/06—Compression machines, plants or systems characterised by the refrigerant being carbon dioxide
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2400/00—General features or devices for refrigeration machines, plants or systems, combined heating and refrigeration systems or heat-pump systems, i.e. not limited to a particular subgroup of F25B
    • F25B2400/07—Details of compressors or related parts
    • F25B2400/075—Details of compressors or related parts with parallel compressors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2400/00—General features or devices for refrigeration machines, plants or systems, combined heating and refrigeration systems or heat-pump systems, i.e. not limited to a particular subgroup of F25B
    • F25B2400/22—Refrigeration systems for supermarkets
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B9/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point
    • F25B9/002—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point characterised by the refrigerant
    • F25B9/008—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point characterised by the refrigerant the refrigerant being carbon dioxide

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for operating a refrigeration system according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • refrigerant is to be understood below as both single-component and multicomponent refrigerant.
  • refrigeration consumer is to be understood below, in particular, the evaporator and / or heat exchanger, which are arranged in refrigerated cabinets or cooling rooms and through which a refrigerant flows.
  • Refrigeration systems of the generic type are operated for example in supermarkets. They generally supply a variety of Kälteangeem, such as refrigerators, refrigerators and freezers. For this purpose circulates in them a one- or multi-component refrigerant.
  • a refrigeration system as for example from the DE-PS 39 28 430 is known - has a condenser in which the pressurized refrigerant is condensed by indirect heat exchange, preferably against outside air.
  • the liquid refrigerant from the condenser is usually fed to a sump.
  • a refrigeration system there must always be enough refrigerant to be able to fill the evaporators or heat exchangers of all refrigeration consumers even with maximum refrigeration demand.
  • the excess refrigerant must during these times in the provided collecting container or accumulated in the condenser.
  • the refrigerant is supplied to the cold consumers via the so-called. Liquid line.
  • Each refrigeration consumer is preceded or associated with an expansion device, preferably an expansion valve, in which the refrigerant flowing into the evaporator (s) of the refrigeration consumer is depressurized.
  • the so-relaxed refrigerant is evaporated in the evaporator of the refrigerant consumers and thus cools the corresponding refrigeration cabinets and / or rooms.
  • the thus evaporated refrigerant is then supplied via a suction line to a compressor unit.
  • These compressor units can be configured in one or more stages. As a rule, the individual compressor stages have several compressors connected in parallel. These compress the refrigerant and convey it via a pressure line again to the already mentioned condenser.
  • the aforementioned evaporator or heat exchanger of the refrigeration consumers must be defrosted from time to time.
  • a generic method for defrosting is from the DE-PS 44 10 057 known.
  • carbon dioxide is used as the refrigerant
  • the defrosting methods belonging to the prior art reach their limits, since the pressure situation is too high. But even with the use of other refrigerants it comes in the thawed evaporator or heat exchanger to an undesirable condensate, or at least wet steam formation. This can only be reliably prevented if the prevailing evaporating pressure and the corresponding evaporation temperature during the defrosting operation is lower or remains lower than the prevailing evaporator surface temperature.
  • US 6,449,967 B1 discloses a method for defrosting cold consumers of a refrigeration cycle with the aid of expanded refrigerant according to the preamble of independent claim 1.
  • JP-A 54059650 a method for defrosting the evaporator or heat exchanger of one or more refrigeration consumers is known.
  • a method for defrosting the evaporator or heat exchanger of one or more refrigeration consumers is known.
  • due to an unavoidable refrigerant condensation unwanted condensate or wet steam formation occurs.
  • the J PA 54059650 proposed to provide a liquid separator in the suction line; This is needed to get the one or more compressors in front of you damaging "wet operation" - ie the suction of refrigerant wet steam - to protect.
  • Such condensate or wet vapor formation has the consequence that when switching a (previously defrosted) evaporator or heat exchanger from the defrost to the cooling operation, the condensate formed - if not appropriate measures that prevent this - taken from the or Compressing the compressor unit to be sucked - this is referred to as so-called wet driving a compressor -, whereby the compressor or can be damaged.
  • Object of the present invention is to provide a generic method for operating a refrigeration system, which can avoid the previously resulting defrosting disadvantages, specify.
  • the process according to the invention offers significant advantages over the known processes belonging to the prior art. While the usually implemented Druckgasabtauung leads in the condensation process on the low pressure side to very high pressure - the pressures are here between 40 and 50 bar - and therefore correspondingly expensive, currently not commercially available components are required, the inventive method allows significantly lower pressure levels between 12 and 14 bar, so that the use of standard components is readily possible.
  • the method according to the invention does not require any HD constant-pressure control via an additional control fitting.
  • the defrosting power required in each case is exclusively via the throttling device on the evaporator-that is to say the hot gas solenoid valve, the distributor and the distributor tubes-and from the condenser stage control-usually a condenser fan step control or speed control is used-resulting differential pressure between and low pressure determined or regulated.
  • the figure shows a schematic representation of the refrigerant circuit of a refrigeration system, wherein the condenser is not shown. Also not shown are the upstream of the refrigeration consumers V1 and V2 expansion devices or - valves in which the refrigerant flowing into the evaporator or the evaporator V1 and V2 refrigerant is expanded.
  • liquid refrigerant from the condenser is fed to an optional collecting tank S1.
  • the refrigerant is supplied via the so-called.
  • Liquid lines 2 and 2 'and / or 2 "one or simultaneously two cold consumers V1 and V2.
  • the refrigerant evaporated in the evaporator of the refrigeration consumers V1 and V2 is withdrawn therefrom via the lines 3, 3 'and 3 "and fed to a collecting tank S2 upstream of the compressors X, Y and Z. Also this collecting tank S2, which separates from the tank in the Refrigerant entrained oil is not required.
  • the vaporized refrigerant present in the collecting tank S2 is compressed by the compressors X, Y and Z to the desired circuit pressure and then returned to the condenser via the so-called pressure line 5.
  • the compressors X, Y and Z are now connected or connectable on the output side via the defrosting lines 6 and 8 and / or 9 to the input sides of the refrigeration consumers V1 and V2.
  • V1 and V2 can - with open valve a and open valves c and / or d - or the thawed cold consumers V1 and V2 at least a partial flow of the compressed, warm refrigerant, through which the evaporator or heat exchanger of the be defrosted cold consumer V1 or V2 defrosted, are supplied.
  • the refrigerant circuit has only two cold consumers V1 and V2, only one cold consumer or its evaporator can be defrosted while the evaporator of the other cold consumer is in cooling mode. If, on the other hand, three or more refrigeration consumers are integrated in the refrigeration cycle, at least two refrigeration consumers or their evaporators can be defrosted at the same time. It therefore only has to be ensured that at least the evaporator of a refrigeration consumer is in cooling mode.
  • the refrigeration consumer V2 is supplied with the warm refrigerant via the defrosting lines 6 and 9 and in the valve d - valve c is closed in the meantime - on the Suction pressure level of the refrigeration circuit relaxed.
  • a connected to the input sides of the compressor X, Y and Z or connectable suction 7, in which a check valve b is arranged, is provided. About this can be done after completion of a defrosting suction of still remaining in the defrosting lines 6 and 8 and / or 9 refrigerant.
  • valves a, c and / or d are designed as (servo-controlled) solenoid valves, which should be the rule.
  • the inventive method for operating a refrigeration system allows - regardless of the type of refrigerant used and thus also when using carbon dioxide as a refrigerant - a low-cost and procedurally simple defrosting process.
  • the invention also makes it possible to defrost cold consumers individually.
  • the control technology design of the refrigeration system according to the invention and the method according to the invention are to be described as relatively inexpensive.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Defrosting Systems (AREA)
  • Air Conditioning Control Device (AREA)

Claims (1)

  1. Procédé d'actionnement d'une installation de réfrigération dotée d'au moins un circuit d'agent réfrigérant comprenant au moins un condenseur, au moins deux consommateurs de froid (V1, V2) et au moins un compresseur (X, Y, Z) à au moins deux étages de puissance, ou au moins deux compresseurs (X, Y, Z), et dans laquelle le ou les compresseurs (X, Y, Z) sont raccordés ou peuvent être raccordés côté sortie, par l'intermédiaire d'un conduit de dégivrage (6, 8, 9), aux côtés entrée des consommateurs de froid (V1, V2), sachant qu'en fonction de la demande de dégivrage d'un ou plusieurs consommateurs de froid (V1, V2), de l'agent réfrigérant chaud comprimé est délivré aux consommateurs de froid (V1, V2) devant être dégivrés, par l'intermédiaire du conduit de dégivrage (6, 8, 9), sachant que préalablement à la délivrance aux consommateurs de froid (V1, V2) devant être dégivrés, l'agent réfrigérant chaud comprimé, délivré auxdits consommateurs de froid (V1, V2) devant être dégivrés, est détendu jusqu'au niveau de la pression d'aspiration dans le circuit d'agent réfrigérant,
    caractérisé par le fait que le conduit de dégivrage (6, 8, 9) est raccordé ou peut être raccordé aux côtés entrée des compresseurs (X, Y, Z) par l'intermédiaire d'un conduit d'aspiration (7), et une aspiration dudit conduit de dégivrage (6, 8, 9) est effectuée à l'achèvement d'un processus de dégivrage, par l'intermédiaire du conduit d'aspiration (7).
EP20040015601 2003-07-18 2004-07-02 Système de dégivrage par gaz chaud pour installations de réfrigération Active EP1498673B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE2003132859 DE10332859A1 (de) 2003-07-18 2003-07-18 Heißgasabtauverfahren für Kälteanlagen
DE10332859 2003-07-18

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1498673A1 EP1498673A1 (fr) 2005-01-19
EP1498673B1 true EP1498673B1 (fr) 2013-08-28

Family

ID=33461999

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP20040015601 Active EP1498673B1 (fr) 2003-07-18 2004-07-02 Système de dégivrage par gaz chaud pour installations de réfrigération

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1498673B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE10332859A1 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US11828506B2 (en) 2021-09-03 2023-11-28 Heatcraft Refrigeration Products Llc Hot gas defrost using dedicated low temperature compressor discharge
US12007159B2 (en) 2022-06-20 2024-06-11 Heatcraft Refrigeration Products Llc Hot gas defrost using low temperature compressor discharge gas and auxiliary flash tank

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2008533429A (ja) * 2005-03-18 2008-08-21 キャリア・コマーシャル・リフリージレーション・インコーポレーテッド ボトル冷却器の除霜装置およびその方法
CN100451503C (zh) * 2005-12-29 2009-01-14 瑞弘冷冻科技股份有限公司 石化气的热交换器的除霜管路
DE102017110560B4 (de) 2017-05-16 2020-10-22 Viessmann Kältetechnik Ost GmbH Kältemittelkreislauf einer Kälteanlage mit einer Anordnung zum Abtauen eines Wärmeübertragers und Verfahren zum Betreiben des Kältemittelkreislaufs

Family Cites Families (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5459650A (en) 1977-10-20 1979-05-14 Fuji Electric Co Ltd Refrigerator
DE3928430C1 (fr) 1989-08-28 1991-03-07 Linde Ag, 6200 Wiesbaden, De
US4979371A (en) * 1990-01-31 1990-12-25 Hi-Tech Refrigeration, Inc. Refrigeration system and method involving high efficiency gas defrost of plural evaporators
DE4410057C2 (de) 1994-03-23 1997-09-11 Guentner Gmbh Hans Kälteanlage mit einer Heißgasverteilung zur Heißgasabtauung der Verdampferrohre
DE19920726A1 (de) * 1999-05-05 2000-11-09 Linde Ag Kälteanlage
DK174257B1 (da) * 2001-02-23 2002-10-21 Teknologisk Inst Anlæg samt fremgangsmåde, hvor CO2 anvendes som kølemiddel og som arbejdsmedie ved afrimning
CA2350367C (fr) * 2001-06-12 2009-08-11 Serge Dube Systeme de degivrage a evaporation haute vitesse
EP1409936B1 (fr) * 2001-06-13 2006-12-13 York Refrigeration APS Degivrage a l'aide d'un gaz chaud de co2 dans les systemes de refrigeration en cascade
CN1423055A (zh) * 2001-11-30 2003-06-11 三洋电机株式会社 回转压缩机、其制造方法、及使用该压缩机的除霜装置

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US11828506B2 (en) 2021-09-03 2023-11-28 Heatcraft Refrigeration Products Llc Hot gas defrost using dedicated low temperature compressor discharge
US12007159B2 (en) 2022-06-20 2024-06-11 Heatcraft Refrigeration Products Llc Hot gas defrost using low temperature compressor discharge gas and auxiliary flash tank

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE10332859A1 (de) 2005-02-10
EP1498673A1 (fr) 2005-01-19

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