Classifications

• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
  • E03B—INSTALLATIONS OR METHODS FOR OBTAINING, COLLECTING, OR DISTRIBUTING WATER
  • E03B7/00—Water main or service pipe systems
  • E03B7/07—Arrangement of devices, e.g. filters, flow controls, measuring devices, siphons or valves, in the pipe systems
  • E03B7/074—Arrangement of water treatment devices
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01D—SEPARATION
  • B01D29/00—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor
  • B01D29/11—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor with bag, cage, hose, tube, sleeve or like filtering elements
  • B01D29/13—Supported filter elements
  • B01D29/15—Supported filter elements arranged for inward flow filtration
  • B01D29/21—Supported filter elements arranged for inward flow filtration with corrugated, folded or wound sheets
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01D—SEPARATION
  • B01D29/00—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor
  • B01D29/50—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor with multiple filtering elements, characterised by their mutual disposition
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01D—SEPARATION
  • B01D29/00—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor
  • B01D29/50—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor with multiple filtering elements, characterised by their mutual disposition
  • B01D29/52—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor with multiple filtering elements, characterised by their mutual disposition in parallel connection
  • B01D29/54—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor with multiple filtering elements, characterised by their mutual disposition in parallel connection arranged concentrically or coaxially
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01D—SEPARATION
  • B01D29/00—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor
  • B01D29/62—Regenerating the filter material in the filter
  • B01D29/64—Regenerating the filter material in the filter by scrapers, brushes, nozzles, or the like, acting on the cake side of the filtering element
  • B01D29/6407—Regenerating the filter material in the filter by scrapers, brushes, nozzles, or the like, acting on the cake side of the filtering element brushes
  • B01D29/6415—Regenerating the filter material in the filter by scrapers, brushes, nozzles, or the like, acting on the cake side of the filtering element brushes with a rotary movement with respect to the filtering element
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01D—SEPARATION
  • B01D35/00—Filtering devices having features not specifically covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D33/00, or for applications not specifically covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D33/00; Auxiliary devices for filtration; Filter housing constructions
  • B01D35/30—Filter housing constructions
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01D—SEPARATION
  • B01D35/00—Filtering devices having features not specifically covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D33/00, or for applications not specifically covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D33/00; Auxiliary devices for filtration; Filter housing constructions
  • B01D35/30—Filter housing constructions
  • B01D35/301—Constructions of two or more housings
  • B01D35/303—Constructions of two or more housings the housings being modular, e.g. standardised
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01D—SEPARATION
  • B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
  • B01D61/14—Ultrafiltration; Microfiltration
  • B01D61/18—Apparatus therefor
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01D—SEPARATION
  • B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
  • B01D61/14—Ultrafiltration; Microfiltration
  • B01D61/20—Accessories; Auxiliary operations
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
  • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
  • C02F9/00—Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
  • C02F9/20—Portable or detachable small-scale multistage treatment devices, e.g. point of use or laboratory water purification systems
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01D—SEPARATION
  • B01D2201/00—Details relating to filtering apparatus
  • B01D2201/30—Filter housing constructions
  • B01D2201/301—Details of removable closures, lids, caps, filter heads
  • B01D2201/302—Details of removable closures, lids, caps, filter heads having inlet or outlet ports
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01D—SEPARATION
  • B01D2201/00—Details relating to filtering apparatus
  • B01D2201/40—Special measures for connecting different parts of the filter
  • B01D2201/4023—Means for connecting filter housings to supports
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01D—SEPARATION
  • B01D2201/00—Details relating to filtering apparatus
  • B01D2201/46—Several filtrate discharge conduits each connected to one filter element or group of filter elements
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01D—SEPARATION
  • B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
  • B01D61/02—Reverse osmosis; Hyperfiltration ; Nanofiltration
  • B01D61/08—Apparatus therefor
  • B01D61/081—Apparatus therefor used at home, e.g. kitchen
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
  • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
  • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
  • C02F1/44—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis
  • C02F1/441—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis by reverse osmosis
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
  • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
  • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
  • C02F1/44—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis
  • C02F1/444—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis by ultrafiltration or microfiltration
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
  • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
  • C02F2201/00—Apparatus for treatment of water, waste water or sewage
  • C02F2201/002—Construction details of the apparatus
  • C02F2201/006—Cartridges
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
  • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
  • C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
  • C02F2209/40—Liquid flow rate
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
  • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
  • C02F2301/00—General aspects of water treatment
  • C02F2301/04—Flow arrangements
  • C02F2301/043—Treatment of partial or bypass streams

Definitions

• the present invention relates generally to filtering systems and in particular to a filtering apparatus that includes multiple filtering elements.
• An objective of typical under sink reverse osmosis systems is to decrease the total dissolved solids (TDS) of the supplied city or well water and thereby improve the taste, odor or chemical makeup of the water.
• TDS total dissolved solids
• These under the sink reverse osmosis systems can be upgraded to include additional unit processes to pre-treat the incoming water for chlorine or sediment removal prior to the RO unit. This pre- treatment improves the operation and prolongs the life of the RO membrane. In addition pre-treatment further polishes the water produced by the RO membrane to remove both trace organics that might cause taste issues and small molecular weight contaminants that might pass through or be poorly rejected by the RO membrane. Therefore today there are many versions of RO units that effectively remove or reduce specific unwanted ionic contaminants and or organics to improve the quality of the water for the use of the homeowner.
• Ultraviolet light filters that neutralize contaminants by exposure to certain wavelengths of light are also known in the art. These filters suffer from several practical drawbacks including the fact that they rely on electricity to function and also require relatively complex controls to ensure that water is not overheated due to extended exposure to the light.
• a filter apparatus for treating water containing particulate or microbial contaminants.
• the filter apparatus includes a first filter element disposed within a first sealed outer housing and in fluid communication with a first inlet port and a first outlet port.
• the first filter element is capable of treating water at a first flow rate and is adapted to remove contaminants that are larger than a first contaminant size.
• a second filter element is disposed downstream of the first filter element in fluid communication with a second inlet port and a second outlet port.
• the second filter element is capable of treating water at a second flow rate higher than the first flow rate and is adapted to remove contaminants that are larger than a second contaminant size.
• An accumulating vessel is placed in fluid communication with the first outlet port and the second inlet port for storing water that has been treated by the first filter element prior to treatment by the second filter element.
• the first filter element is a virus filter membrane capable of removing contaminants larger than 0.01 micron and the second filter element is a bacteria filter membrane capable of removing contaminants larger than 0.1 micron.
• the second filter element is disposed within the first sealed outer housing.
• at least one of the first and second filter elements is generally cylindrical in shape and has a central void and the water flowing to and from the other of the first and second filter element flows within the central void.
• the first inlet port, first outlet port, second inlet port, and second outlet port are disposed on a single surface of the sealed outer housing.
• a flow limiting device is place in fluid communication with the first filter element for controlling the flow of water to the first filter element.
• a pre-treatment filter is placed in fluid communication with the first inlet port for removing relatively large contaminants prior to treatment by the first and second filter elements.
• a post filter is placed in fluid communication with the accumulating vessel and adapted to remove contaminants that originate in the accumulating vessel or may have passed through prior filters.
• a cross flow membrane filter such as a reverse osmosis filter, is placed in fluid communication with the first inlet port.
• a check valve is placed on a concentrate line of the cross flow membrane filter.
• a flow monitor is placed in fluid communication with the first outlet port to monitor an amount of water that has been treated by the filter apparatus.
• the flow monitor is operable to discontinue the flow of water through the filter apparatus when a predetermined amount of water has been treated by the filter apparatus.
• the flow monitor is part of the post filter.
• the filter apparatus includes a check valve in fluid communication with the second outlet port and downstream of the second filter element for preventing backflow of contaminated water into the filter apparatus.
• the check valve is a duck bill check valve installed in a treated water dispensing faucet in fluid communication with the second outlet port and through which treated water flows out of the filter apparatus.
• the check is made of an antimicrobial material.
• Another exemplary embodiment of the inventive filter apparatus is adapted to treating water containing microbial contaminants.
• a viral membrane filter is disposed within a first sealed outer housing and in fluid communication with a first set of inlet and outlet ports. The viral membrane filter is adapted to remove viral contaminants.
• a bacterial filter membrane is disposed downstream of the viral membrane and in fluid communication with a second set of inlet and outlet ports, the bacterial filter membrane adapted to remove contaminants.
• the bacterial filter element is disposed within the first sealed outer housing.
• at least one of the viral and bacterial filter membranes is generally cylindrical in shape and has a central void such that water flowing to and from the other of the viral and bacterial filter membrane flows within the central void.
• the first inlet port, first outlet port, second inlet port, and second outlet port are disposed on a single surface of the sealed outer housing.
• a pre-treatment filter is placed in fluid communication with the first inlet port for removing relatively large contaminants prior to treatment by the first and second filter elements.
• an accumulating vessel is placed in fluid communication with the first outlet port to store water that has been treated by the viral filter membrane prior to being treated by the bacterial filter membrane.
• a post filter is placed in fluid communication with the accumulating vessel and adapted to remove contaminants that originate in the accumulating vessel or pass through prior filters.
• a cross flow membrane filter is placed in fluid communication with the first inlet port.
• a flow monitor is placed in fluid communication with the first outlet port to monitor an amount of water that has been treated by the filter apparatus.
• the flow monitor is operable to discontinue the flow of water through the filter apparatus when a predetermined amount of water has been treated by the filter apparatus.
• the flow monitor is part of the post filter.
• the filter apparatus includes a check valve in fluid communication with the second outlet port and downstream of the second filter element for preventing backflow of contaminated water into the filter apparatus.
• the check valve is a duck bill check valve installed in a treated water dispensing faucet in fluid communication with the second outlet port and through which treated water flows out of the filter apparatus.
• the check is made of an antimicrobial material.
• a filter apparatus for removing contaminants from water containing microbial contaminants includes a cross flow membrane filter for removing a significant amount of relatively large contaminants from the water.
• a viral membrane filter is disposed within a first sealed outer housing and in fluid communication with cross flow membrane filter that is adapted to remove viral contaminants and a bacterial membrane filter is in fluid communication with the viral membrane filter that is adapted to remove bacterial contaminants.
• the cross flow membrane filter is a reverse osmosis filter.
• An additional feature is an accumulating vessel disposed between and in fluid communication with the viral membrane filter and the bacterial membrane filter for storing water that has been treated by the viral membrane.
• the bacterial membrane filter is disposed in the first sealed outer housing and at least one of the viral and bacterial filter membranes is generally cylindrical in shape and has a central void and such that water flowing to and from the other of the viral and bacterial filter membrane flows within the central void.
• a treated water dispensing faucet for dispensing water that has been treated to remove contaminants includes a conduit for directing the flow of treated water from a filtration system to a dispensing station.
• the conduit has a first end connected to the filtration system and a second end that includes an orifice that opens to the dispensing station.
• a check valve is mounted to the second end for preventing the back flow of contaminants to the filtration system.
• the check valve is a duck bill check valve that includes antimicrobial material.
• a valve shield member substantially encloses the check valve for preventing contact between foreign objects and the check valve.
• a filter cartridge that includes a housing that defines first and second isolated regions within the housing.
• the first region includes a first filter and a flow path extending from a first inlet to a first outlet.
• the second region defines a flow path extending between a second inlet port and a second outlet port.
• the ports are arranged in a substantially linear, side-by-side relationship and are adapted to establish fluid connections between the filter cartridge and a manifold forming part of a water treatment system as the filter cartridge is installed into its operative position.
• the first region includes a viral filter and the second region includes a bacterial filter.
• FIG. 1 is a schematic representation of a water filtration system constructed in accordance with the present invention
• Figure 2 is a front plan view of a water filtration system depicted in Figure 1 ;
• Figure 3 is a cross section view of a water dispensing faucet in accordance with a feature of the present invention
• Figure 4 is a cross section of a multiple barrier microbial filter of the water filtration system shown in Figure 2;
• Figure 5 is a cross section of a multiple barrier anti-microbial filter of the water filtration system shown in Figure 2 and as seen from the plane indicated by the line 5-5 in Figure 2;
• Figure 6 is an exploded view of the multiple barrier anti-microbial filter
• Figure 7 is another sectional view of the anti-microbial filter substantially similar to the cross section shown in Figure 4, but showing the filter detached from the water filtration system;
• Figure 8 is an exploded view of the water filtration system shown in Figure 2;
• Figure 9 is a perspective view of a manifold that forms part of the water filtration system
• Figure 10 is a partially schematic representation showing a bottom elevational view of the manifold shown in Figure 9 and also illustrating fluid connections between a storage tank and faucet;
• Figure 11 is a top plan view of the manifold shown in Figure 9;
• Figure 12 is a sectional view of the manifold as seen from the plane indicated by the line 12-12 in Figure 11 ;
• Figure 13 is a fragmentary sectional view of the manifold as seen from the plane indicated by the line 13-13 in Figure 10;
• Figure 14 is a top elevational view of a locking handle.
• FIG. 1 illustrates schematically a water treatment system 10 for removing particulate and microbial contaminants from water.
• the water treatment system 10 designed for mounting under the sink in a typical residential kitchen and for dispensing treated water from a system dedicated faucet 70 including a flow control valve 71 having an operating handle 71a.
• the system includes a pre-filter 20 such as Kinetico part number 9309 and a reverse osmosis filter 30 (such as that disclosed in U.S. patent number 4,650,586, assigned to assignee of the present invention and incorporated herein by reference) placed in series to remove a majority of contaminants typically found in residential water supplies.
• RO filter is described herein, it will be apparent to one of skill in the art that any cross flow membrane filter such as a nanofiltration unit, an ultrafiltration unit, or a microfiltration unit can be used to practice the present invention.
• the pre-filter 20 filters out entrained solids to reduce the incidence of plugging of the internal membrane (not shown) in the reverse osmosis filter 30 and is believed to prolong the life of the reverse osmosis filter.
• a check valve 79 on the concentrate line of the RO filter prevents entry of contaminants into the system via the concentrate line.
• a multiple barrier microbial filtration unit 40 that includes a viral filter membrane 40a and a bacterial membrane 40b polishes the water that exits the reverse osmosis filter 40 to remove microbial pathogens from the water.
• the RO filter 30 removes a large percentage of the contaminants that remain in the water after treatment by the pre-filter 20 to prevent clogging of the relatively fine pores found in the viral and bacterial membrane filters 40a, 40b.
• the RO filter serves as a flow limiting device that controls the flow to the viral membrane filter 40a thereby facilitating operation of the viral filter membrane at a sufficiently slow flow rate that optimizes contaminant removal based on a relatively small filter membrane size.
• a storage tank 50 such as is placed in fluid communication with an outlet of the viral membrane 40a to store water that has been treated by the viral membrane.
• the flow capacity of the bacterial membrane 40b is higher than that of the viral membrane and as such, water can be pulled from the storage tank 50 on demand by the faucet and be treated by the bacterial membrane 40b to filter out contaminants originating from the storage tank or have passed through prior filters at a flow rate that is acceptable in terms of providing flow at the faucet.
• the bacterial membrane 40b also serves as a protection against bacterial contamination that may enter the system at the faucet 70.
• a post filter 60 such as the one disclosed in U.S. patent number 4,698,164 assigned to the assignee of the present invention and incorporated herein by reference, is positioned between the viral membrane 40a and the bacterial membrane 40b to provide an additional filter to protect against contaminants that originate in the storage tank or have passed through prior filters.
• the post filter 60 serves as a fluid monitor by monitoring the amount of water flowing to the anti- bacteria membrane 40b and shutting off flow via an internal flow control mechanism (not shown) once a predetermined amount of water has been treated. This shut off feature prevents system usage once the filter element performance has degraded to an unacceptable level.
• FIG 2 is a front plan view of a water treatment system 10.
• a mounting bracket 12 with mounting tabs 14 for connecting the bracket under a typical residential sink supports a manifold assembly 13.
• the manifold assembly 13 includes water conduit and connection points for replaceable cartridge portions of the various filter units that make up the system: the pre-filter 20, the reverse osmosis filter 30, the multiple barrier microbial filtration unit 40, and the post filter 60 having a flow monitoring head 61 that gives an indication of the amount of water that has been treated by the current cartridge and shuts of flow when a predetermined amount of water has been treated.
• An outlet connection (to be described) is connected to a line 314 that runs to the faucet 70 (shown in Figures 1 , 3 and 10).
• a water conduit or spout 72 terminates at one end in a dispensing orifice 74.
• a check valve 75 such as a duck bill check valve supplied by Vernay Laboratories, Inc. of Yellow Springs, Ohio as part number VA 4295 is held adjacent to the dispensing orifice 74 by a protective shield or spout tip 78 that encloses the check valve 75 and is pressed or threaded onto the water conduit 72. Due to the presence of bacterial contaminants in the kitchen and bathroom sinks to which the faucet is mounted, it is beneficial to employ this check valve to protect the system from contaminants in the air, splashes, or objects found in the sink.
• the check valve 75 may be molded of a material that includes an antimicrobial treatment.
• the check valve 79 ( Figure 1) on the concentrate line may be a similar duck bill type valve appropriately sized for the concentrate line. Alternately, conventional ball-type check valves may be used.
• Figure 4 illustrates details of the multiple barrier microbial filtration unit 40 that filters microbial contaminants from the water.
• the microbial filtration unit 40 is connected to an associated manifold portion 15 that forms part of the manifold assembly 13, with screws, tabs, or other appropriate means.
• the manifold 15 provides appropriate fluid paths to route the water into and out of the various components of the microbial filtration unit 40. The internal workings of the manifold 15 will be further explained below.
• An inlet 41 defined by the manifold 41 routes water from the reverse osmosis filter 30 to the microbial filtration unit 40 via a first input port 110 that is in fluid communication with the microbial filtration unit 40
• the microbial filtration unit 40 includes a sealed outer housing indicated generally as 45 having an end cap 43 that is welded to the housing after assembly of the filter elements 40a and 40b therein. It is believed that enclosing the viral filter membrane 40a and the bacterial filter membrane 40b in a single cartridge eliminates overall system performance variations that might be caused by housing the filter membranes separately and in addition the single cartridge facilitates removal and replacement by the end user.
• the viral filter membrane 40a engages the end cap 43 to locate the element such that first fluid channel 114 is defined between the inner wall of the housing and the outer surface of the membrane 40a.
• the viral filter membrane 40a is cylindrical in shape and includes a pleated membrane filter element disposed concentrically about a tubular supporting structure and encased in an outer protective jacket having fluid access openings therein. Filters such as the viral filter membrane are known in the art.
• An example of the viral filter 40a is manufactured by Pall Corporation of New York under part number VABV20P0A.
• the viral filter membrane 40a engages and sits upon an interior connector 44 having a fluid path (to be described in connection with Figure 6) for incoming water to enter into the first fluid channel 114 through a first inlet port 110 and through a first inlet conduit 112.
• the water flows to a first interior filter channel 115 by passing through the filter membrane 40a to remove contaminants and treated, outgoing water exits the viral filter membrane 40a through a first outlet conduit 116 that is connected to the manifold 15 by a first outlet port 118.
• O rings 135, 131 seal the interface between the viral filter membrane 40a and the interior connector 44, and the interior connecter 44 and the outer housing 45, respectively.
• the manifold 15 provides a fluid path from the first outlet port to both the storage tank 50 ( Figure 1 ) and the bacterial filter 40b such that water will flow to the storage tank unless the tank is empty and there is a demand for water at the faucet 70.
• the water from the viral filter membrane 40a will travel directly to the post filter 60 and on to the bacterial filter 40b as described in further detail below.
• the storage tank enhances the overall output capability of the system because it buffers the flow reducing effect of the small pore size needed to filter out small, virus sized particles removed by the viral filter membrane 40a.
• the post filter 60 ( Figures 1 and 2) includes a carbon filter (not shown) that removes contaminants from the water that may be have passed through the prior filters or are a result of the environment of the storage tank.
• the post filter serves as a fluid monitor to shut off flow through the system once a predetermined quantity of water has been treated. Replacement of the cartridge on the post filter resets the monitor so that flow can be reestablished.
• the bacterial filter membrane 40b is cylindrical in shape and includes a pleated membrane filter element disposed concentrically about a tubular supporting structure and encased in an outer protective jacket having fluid access openings therein. Filters such as the bacterial filter membrane are known in the art. An example of this type of filter is manufactured by Pall Corporation of New York under part number NA7AA0OPOA.
• the bacterial filter membrane 40b engages the interior manifold 44 to locate the membrane and form a second fluid channel 121 through which water can flow from a second inlet port 127 and through the bacterial filter membrane 40b to a second outlet channel 122 that is in fluid communication with a second outlet port 130.
• the outlet port 130 connects to the manifold 15 which provides a connection to the faucet 70.
• a filtration system capable of significantly reducing microbial contaminants from water can be provided in a unit sized to fit beneath a residential sink.
• the multiple barrier filtration unit 40 is configured as a replaceable cartridge.
• the filtration unit 40 includes the outer housing 45 (previously described) that is closed at its bottom end by the end cap 43. An assembly of components is captured within the housing 45 and end cap 43.
• the components include the viral and bacterial filter units 40b, 40a (previously described).
• the upper part of the viral filter 40b is secured to an adapter 200 which defines three upwardly directed sockets 202, 204, 206.
• these three sockets sealingly engage nipples 202a, 204a, 206a which depend downwardly and are integrally formed with a top 45a of the housing 45.
• Associated O-rings 207 ( Figure 6) seal the interface between the sockets and nipples.
• a water receiving or inlet chamber 219 is defined between the top of the adapter 200 and the underside of the cartridge housing. As seen best in Figure 7, the inlet port 250a communicates with the inlet chamber 219. Water to be treated is received in the chamber 219 and travels to the second fluid channel 121 via slots 200a (shown in Figure 6) formed in the adapter 200.
• the connector includes an upstanding, integrally molded pipe assembly 220a that defines the fluid passages 112, 116 (see also Figure 4).
• a rigidizing rib 221 is molded between the pipe structure.
• a pair of nipples 206b, 204b sealingly engage the sockets 204, 206 defined in the cap 200.
• Associated O-rings 222 seal the interface between the nipples and sockets.
• Also integrally formed in the connector 220 is a cross passage 230 which communicates the passage 112 (defined by the pipe assembly 220a) with the region 114 (see also Figure 4) that surrounds the viral filter 40a. The communication is indicated by the dashed line 230a in Figure 7.
• the cross passage 230 communicates the channel 112 with the outside of a downwardly depending flange 220c forming part of the connector 220.
• the outside of the flange 220c communicates with the region 114, i.e., the outside of the viral filter 40a.
• the filter unit 40 is configured to be relatively easily replaceable without the need for special tools.
• the water treatment system includes a mounting bracket 12 to which the fluid manifold 15 is secured.
• the manifold 15 includes mounting apertures 15a through which fasteners extend in order to bolt the manifold to the underside of the bracket 12 by means of mounting holes 15b.
• the manifold portion 15 defines internal fluid passages for communicating the internal fluid paths defined by the filter unit 40 with other components of the system.
• the manifold 15 defines four downwardly depending nipples 250, 252, 254 and 256.
• the cartridge housing 45 defines four corresponding sockets 250a, 252a, 254a and 256a which are configured to receive and sealingly engage the associated manifold nipples 250, 252, 254, 256.
• the sockets 252a, 254a, 256a connect to and may form part of the nipples 202a, 204a, 206a, respectively.
• the housing sockets include associated O-rings 260 and pressed-in retainers 262 for holding the O-rings within the sockets 250a, 252a, 254a, 256a shown in Figure 7).
• the housing 45 also includes integrally molded upstanding, retaining lugs
• the standoffs 272 include reduced diameter portions 272a at their upper ends.
• the cartridge is positioned beneath the supporting bracket 12 and attached manifold 1 5.
• the four depending nipples 250, 252, 254, 254 of the manifold 15 enter the associated sockets 250a, 252a, 254a, 256a while concurrently, the upwardly extending lugs 270 enter and extend through complementally shaped holes 270a formed in the bracket 12.
• the standoffs 272 engage the underside of the bracket 12 with the reduced diameter portions 272a extending into complementally shaped holes 273 formed in the bracket 12 (see Figure 8).
• each lug 270 includes an aperture 281 near its upper end (shown in Figure 7).
• the retaining clip 280 includes a pair of spaced apart, split pins 280a molded integrally with a handle-like portion 280b.
• the split pins 280a in their relaxed state, define a diameter greater than the diameter of the holes 281 and are compressed as they are inserted into the lugs 270.
• the pins 280a include detents or protrusions 283 which engage the rear surface of the lugs 270 and inhibit withdrawal of the retainer 280.
• FIG. 10 illustrates an exploded view of the water treatment system and, in particular, shows the various filter units and the manifold assembly 13 and bracket 12 to which the filter units are releasably attached.
• a cover 290 preferably overlies the bracket 12 and hides from view the top of the bracket and the fluid connections, manifold and retainers for the filter units and cartridges.
• FIG. 9-13 the construction of the manifold portion or segment 15 (to which the filter unit 40 is attached) is illustrated.
• Figure 10 which is a view of the underside of the manifold 15, illustrates schematically the fluid flow paths defined by the manifold 15 along with the connections to the storage tank 50 and faucet 70.
• the manifold 15 includes a conduit segment 300 which includes a pair of O-ring grooves 300a adapted to receive suitable O-rings.
• the conduit segment 300 is adapted to be received in an input or inlet socket of the filter 60.
• a socket-like connection 302 is adapted to receive a conduit that connects the socket 302 with the output of the filter unit 60.
• Another socket-like connection 304 forms part of the manifold 15 and is adapted to sealingly connect to a nipple which defines an output from the RO filter unit 30.
• the manifold 15 also defines a pair of conduit connections 310, 312.
• the conduit connection 310 is intended to connect with a conduit that connects the tank 50 with the manifold 15.
• the connector 312 connects the manifold 15 with a feed conduit 314 (see Figure 1 and 10) for the faucet 70.
• the passages 330, 332 and 338 are at least partially formed by tubular segments 316a, 316b, 316c, 316d.
• the right ends (as viewed in Figure 10) of the tubular segments are sealed.
• a blocking plate 318 is suitably secured to the right ends of the tubular segments 316a, 316b, 316c, 316c using conventional attachment methods, such as welding or adhesively bonding.
• the nipple 250 which serves as an input to the bacterial filter 40b, is connected to the socket 302 by a passage defined by the manifold and illustrated schematically by the dashed line 330.
• the nipple 256 which communicates the output from the viral filter 40a with the storage tank 50 and with the input to the post filter 60 is connected to the conduit connector 310 and the conduit segment 300 by communicating internal passages 332a, 332b .
• the nipple 254 which communicates filtered water from the RO unit 30 to the input side of the viral filter 40a, is connected to the socket 304 by an internal passage 336.
• the conduit connector 312 is connected to a feed conduit 314 for the faucet 70.
• Figures 12 and 13 illustrate additional details of the passages molded within the manifold 15 which are illustrated schematically in Figure 10. It should be understood, however, that alternate configurations for the manifold portion 15, as well as the passages molded within the manifold, can be made while still providing the fluid connections and functions of the illustrated embodiment and are, therefore, contemplated by the present invention.
• the retaining lugs 270 are disposed in a parallel relationship and are rectangular in cross-section.
• the standoffs 280 are located in a spaced apart relationship and are disposed at a 12:00 and 6:00 position with respect to the lugs 270 which are located at a 9:00 and 3:00 position.
• the sockets 250a, 252a, 254a, 256a formed in the housing 45 which receive the nipples 250, 252, 254, 256 are located in a juxtaposed positions and have mutually parallel axes. It should be understood, however, that the positioning of the lugs 270, standoffs 272 and sockets 250a, 252a, 254a, 256a may be changed without substantially changing their functional purposes.
• the sockets 250a, 252a, 254a, 256a may, for example, be spatially oriented on the top of the cartridge housing 45 and be adapted to engage similarly spaced manifold nipples.

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
• Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
• Public Health (AREA)
• Clinical Laboratory Science (AREA)
• Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)

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• 2003
  • 2003-03-04 EP EP03713845A patent/EP1487560A4/en not_active Withdrawn
  • 2003-03-04 WO PCT/US2003/006419 patent/WO2003076044A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 2003-03-04 AU AU2003217874A patent/AU2003217874A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2003-03-04 CA CA002477939A patent/CA2477939A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2003-03-04 MX MXPA04008560A patent/MXPA04008560A/es active IP Right Grant

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