EP1485927B1 - Herstellung von hoch- oder mittelspannungs wicklungen für ölgefüllte transformatoren und somit hergestellte wicklungen - Google Patents

Herstellung von hoch- oder mittelspannungs wicklungen für ölgefüllte transformatoren und somit hergestellte wicklungen Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1485927B1
EP1485927B1 EP02726197A EP02726197A EP1485927B1 EP 1485927 B1 EP1485927 B1 EP 1485927B1 EP 02726197 A EP02726197 A EP 02726197A EP 02726197 A EP02726197 A EP 02726197A EP 1485927 B1 EP1485927 B1 EP 1485927B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
turns
expressed
winding
voltage
wire
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP02726197A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP1485927A1 (de
Inventor
Michel Sacotte
Jacques Wild
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Schneider Electric Industries SAS
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Schneider Electric Industries SAS
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
    • H01F27/28—Coils; Windings; Conductive connections
    • H01F27/32—Insulating of coils, windings, or parts thereof
    • H01F27/323—Insulation between winding turns, between winding layers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
    • H01F27/28—Coils; Windings; Conductive connections
    • H01F27/32—Insulating of coils, windings, or parts thereof
    • H01F27/327—Encapsulating or impregnating

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the production of so-called "High (or Medium) Voltage" windings of electrical transformers of power or distribution.
  • the transformers in question here are those able to receive on their primary windings connected to the supply network high phase electrical voltages of the order of several tens of thousands of volts.
  • the transformers of this type are immersed in a dielectric cooling liquid (generally a mineral oil with pronounced dielectric properties) contained in a sealed tank whose walls constitute heat exchange surfaces with the ambient medium to maintain the temperature. transformer operating, around 60 to 80 ° C.
  • a dielectric cooling liquid generally a mineral oil with pronounced dielectric properties
  • Each phase winding of the primary is conventionally constituted by an enamelled wire coil, good conductor of electricity (copper or aluminum). This coil surrounds at a short distance the secondary winding which is paired with it (winding said "Low Voltage" generally) and most often made by a wide band of aluminum wound on itself, whose inner central space is sized for receive one of the columns of the magnetic circuit of the transformer, present in number equal to that of the phases of the power supply.
  • the cylindrical crown (of revolution or oblong), which forms the wire coil constituting the "primary” winding, is, in turn, formed by layers of concentric turns of wire wound alternately in one direction and then in the other in all directions. the height of the winding (winding said "in long layers").
  • a interlayer is interposed between two consecutive layers to provide the electrical insulation necessary for the good voltage strength of the winding. This insulation must be provided particularly at the end of the layer, where the end turns facing two neighboring layers, being electrically separated from each other by a wire distance corresponding to two long layers, therefore have a difference between them. maximum potential.
  • This interlayer is to create there a gradient of electric potential lower than the threshold of spark between turns, that the dielectric coating of the wire (its enamel layer on the surface) fails to ensure alone.
  • This interlayer is conventionally formed by a strip of paper, single or double layer, 0.1 to 0.5 mm thick and more or less depending on the case, and impregnated with dielectric oil. It also ensures a certain mechanical cohesion of the finished winding.
  • Such a configuration is, for example, described in FR-A-2,637,729 .
  • each of the primary coils produced as indicated above is in the form of a cylindrical ring of approximately 0.50 m in length, with outside diameters of 45 cm and inside of 30 cm approximately.
  • the purpose of the invention is precisely to reduce the size of the power or distribution transformers by reducing the size of their "high voltage" windings, and this, of course, for a given installed power, or, this which is the same, to increase the power of these transformers without having to increase their size.
  • H mini Gd mini * Gp mini * D mini / 4 * Usp maxi H max : ; : Max Gd * Max Gp * D max / 4 * Usp mini
  • the invention therefore consists of dispensing with the dielectric interlayer, the presence of which, although considered necessary for the reasons of electrical insulation previously mentioned, is nevertheless in itself a complicating factor for the winding operation and extra cost both "material”, “labor” and “tooling” for the realization of windings, and to replace this interlayer by two complementary joint provisions.
  • a first provision aims to make the enamelled wire sticky to ensure the mechanical strength of the winding by the rigidity and stability of the assembly that result from the effect of gluing the turns together.
  • the second arrangement consists in replacing the usual monolithic "long-layer" coil making the whole height of the primary winding, by round wire (or quasi-round) wire rolls in layers of glued turns without dielectric interlayers and of which the height is determined by calculation, by means of a specific formula, valid only in the case of a wire of this form and incorporating the dimensional characteristics of the latter at the same time as constraints related to the dielectric strength of the finished winding in its conditions of use (respect for the law of Paschen) and the interspire voltage which is a conventional data known to the transformer manufacturer and chosen by him as a function of the electric power of the winding he wishes to achieve and the number of turns that will to constitute it.
  • This winding can still be done according to the technique of the "long layer” above, that is to say by tight winding turns in concentric layers making the entire thickness of the wafer, the wire progressing in the axial direction in this case to the As in the present invention, from bottom to top and then from top to bottom for the next web, the mandrel winding for supporting the first web on which is formed the next and so on.
  • the replacement of the usual single coil, making the entire height of the winding of the primary, by a stack of wafers mounted in series has the effect of reducing within each of them, a factor from elsewhere equal to the number of wafers (assuming them identical, and for a given voltage applied to the primary), the value of the maximum tension between turns. Therefore, the presence of dielectric paper between layers is no longer necessary, the usual enamel film that surrounds the metal conductor is then sufficient to contain the voltage gradient below the threshold arc between two neighboring turns , even those located at the end of two consecutive coil plies, if one does not exceed a certain height of slab which depends in particular on the size of the wire and whose calculation rule is one of the essential characteristics of the present invention .
  • the enamel is pre-coated with a material with adhesive properties.
  • a material with adhesive properties This will use a ready-to-use adhesive enamelled wire that is readily available commercially.
  • the wire should not be sticky "cold” so as not to interfere with handling or setting in turns when winding the slab.
  • a heat-adhesive varnish by hot polymerizations.
  • an epoxy pre-sizing resin may be perfectly suitable. The polymerization of such a thermosetting material will occur after passing the cake oven to 150-200 ° C for a time sufficient to obtain a core polymerization (1 to 2 hours generally). The latter can also be obtained more quickly by passing an electric heating current, a few tens of amperes, within the slab.
  • a varnish formed by a thermoplastic resin, such as a polyamide which will be heated in the oven at above its softening point to ensure the interpenetration bonding of the surface layers.
  • the bonding can be done "cold” after drying an adhesive.
  • the glue can be applied "post-winding", ie once the wafer is wound. Preferably, however, it may be deposited on the running wire just before it is put in turns, by spraying an aerosol, or by immersion of the wire in a liquid glue tank, for example. Care should be taken, however, to choose an adhesive that exceeds the operating temperature of the transformer, which is usually around 60 to 90 ° C in the case of submerged power or distribution transformers.
  • the interspire voltage Usp is a constructive datum well known to those skilled in the art. This one chooses it according to characteristics of operation of the transformer, like the frequency of the current of supply (50 Hz in principle) or the magnetic induction to pass in the magnetic circuit (typically around 1 to 2 Tesla) and geometric characteristics of high voltage windings, like their internal diameter, that is to say the inside diameter of the pancakes actually.
  • the voltage gradient Gd is determined from a disruptive voltage value given by Paschen's law applied in air to the constituent sheath wire of the wafer. It is recalled that Paschen's law establishes that the breakdown voltage between two conducting bodies brought to different electrical potentials in a gaseous medium gives, generally the ambient air, a continuous function and rapidly increasing product between the distance separating these conductors and the pressure of the ambient environment. This disruptive voltage is therefore related in particular to the thickness of the dielectric enamel layer covering the wire.
  • the interlayer once absent, during winding the turns are naturally organized in nested turns, that is to say, if we look in section in cross section, according to a topology type "compact hexagonal structure ", therefore with a minimum footprint and a natural mechanical stability at the scale of several turns in contact with each other in the slab. It will be observed that these advantages can also be obtained with an elongated wire in section, it being understood that it is the circular form which must be preferred in this respect.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Coils Of Transformers For General Uses (AREA)
  • Insulating Of Coils (AREA)
  • Transformer Cooling (AREA)

Claims (5)

  1. Verfahren zur Herstellung der "Hoch- (bzw. Mittel-)spannungswicklungen" von Leistungs- oder Verteilertransformatoren, durch das die genannten Wicklungen im wesentlichen die Form eines, kreisrunden oder langgestreckten, Zylinderrings erhalten, wobei ein zu Windungen geformter, mit einer Isolierstoffumhüllung, z.B. einer Emailschicht überzogener metallischer Leiterdraht verwendet wird, welches Verfahren dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, dass die genannte Wicklung durch Schichtung mehrerer, elektrisch in Reihe geschalteter Scheiben gebildet wird, welche Scheiben jeweils aus mehreren aufeinander liegenden Windungslagen ohne Isolierstoff-Zwischenschichten bestehen, wobei jede Lage durch Wickeln eines beschichteten metallischen Leiterdrahts mit rundem oder annähernd rundem Querschnitt hergestellt wird, auf dessen Oberfläche eine haftende Substanz aufgebracht ist, um die Aneinanderhaftung der einzelnen Windungen zu gewährleisten, und dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, dass jede Scheibe eine maximale Höhe mit einem Wert H erhält, der sich aus der Gleichung H = (G4 * Gp * D) / 4 * Usp ergibt, wobei H in mm angegeben wird, der in V/mm angegebene Wert Gd dem Gradienten der nach dem Paschen-Gesetz höchstzulässigen elektrischen Spannung zwischen den metallischen Oberflächen zweier benachbarter Windungen am Ende zweier aufeinander folgender Lagen, Gp der in mm angegebenen doppelten Dicke der genannten, den metallischen Leiter umgebenden Isolierstoffumhüllung, D dem in mm angegebenen Außendurchmesser des beschichteten Leiterdrahts und der in V angegebene Wert von Usp dem Wert der aufgedrückten Spannung zwischen zwei beliebigen benachbarten Windungen der gleichen Lage entspricht, wobei jede der genannten Größen zwischen einem Maximalwert und einem Minimalwert schwanken kann, die von der Schutzklasse des genannten Transformators abhängen.
  2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass ein durch Heißpolymerisation mit einem thermohaftenden Lack vorverklebter, beschichteter Leiterdraht verwendet wird.
  3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass auf dem beschichteten Leiterdraht unmittelbar vor der Herstellung der Windungen in der jeweiligen Wicklungsscheibe ein Klebstoff aufgebracht wird.
  4. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Wert H aus einem Wertebereich gewählt wird, dessen Mindestwert H min und Höchstwert H max sich wie folgt ergeben: H min = Gd min * Gp min * D min / 4 * Usp max bzw .
    Figure imgb0007
     H max = Gd max * Gp max * D max / 4 * Usp min .
    Figure imgb0008
  5. Wicklung zur Verwendung als "Hoch- (bzw. Mittel-)spannungswicklung" eines Leistungs- oder Verteilertransformators, welche Wicklung im wesentlichen die Form eines kreisrunden oder langgestreckten Zylinderrings aufweist, aus einem elektrisch leitenden, mit einer Isolierstoffumhüllung wie beispielsweise einer Emailschicht überzogenen Draht (insbesondere aus Kupfer oder Aluminium) mit kreisrundem oder annähernd kreisrundem Querschnitt besteht und durch Schichtung mehrerer Scheiben aus zu Windungen geformtem Spulendraht gebildet ist, wobei jede der genannten Scheiben aus miteinander verklebten Windungen ohne Zwischenlagen besteht und eine maximale Höhe mit einem Wert H aufweist, der sich aus der Gleichung H = (Gd * Gp *D) /4 * Usp ergibt, wobei H in mm angegeben wird, der in V/mm angegebene Wert Gd dem Gradienten der nach dem Paschen-Gesetz höchstzulässigen elektrischen Spannung zwischen den metallischen Oberflächen zweier benachbarter Windungen am Ende zweier aufeinander folgender Lagen, Gd der in mm angegebenen doppelten Dicke der genannten, den metallischen Leiter umgebenden Isolierstoffumhüllung, D dem in mm angegebenen Außendurchmesser des beschichteten Leiterdrahts und der in V angegebene Wert von Usp dem Wert der aufgedrückten Spannung zwischen zwei beliebigen benachbarten Windungen der gleichen Lage entspricht, wobei jede der genannten Größen zwischen einem Maximalwert und einem Minimalwert schwanken kann, die von der Schutzklasse des genannten Transformators abhängen.
EP02726197A 2002-03-21 2002-03-21 Herstellung von hoch- oder mittelspannungs wicklungen für ölgefüllte transformatoren und somit hergestellte wicklungen Expired - Lifetime EP1485927B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/EP2002/003149 WO2003094180A1 (fr) 2002-03-21 2002-03-21 Realisation d'enroulements 'haute ou moyenne tension' de transformateurs immerges, et enroulements ainsi realises

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EP1485927A1 EP1485927A1 (de) 2004-12-15
EP1485927B1 true EP1485927B1 (de) 2008-07-16

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EP (1) EP1485927B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE401656T1 (de)
AU (1) AU2002256695A1 (de)
DE (1) DE60227710D1 (de)
ES (1) ES2307747T3 (de)
WO (1) WO2003094180A1 (de)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103474230A (zh) * 2013-09-06 2013-12-25 合肥鑫伟电力设备有限公司 分段圆筒式线圈绕制工艺

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS57121207A (en) * 1981-01-21 1982-07-28 Hitachi Ltd Manufacture of plastic molded coil
FR2637729B1 (fr) * 1988-10-07 1995-03-10 Transfix Soc Nouv Transformateur de distribution haute tension/basse tension a isolement sec et procede pour realiser un tel transformateur
EP0923783B1 (de) * 1996-09-04 2004-02-25 Schneider Electric Industries SAS Elektrische Spule bestehend aus Wicklungen für Trockentransformatoren

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103474230A (zh) * 2013-09-06 2013-12-25 合肥鑫伟电力设备有限公司 分段圆筒式线圈绕制工艺

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WO2003094180A1 (fr) 2003-11-13
DE60227710D1 (de) 2008-08-28
AU2002256695A1 (en) 2003-11-17
EP1485927A1 (de) 2004-12-15
ES2307747T3 (es) 2008-12-01
ATE401656T1 (de) 2008-08-15

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