EP1478858A2 - Piston-type accumulator - Google Patents

Piston-type accumulator

Info

Publication number
EP1478858A2
EP1478858A2 EP02760250A EP02760250A EP1478858A2 EP 1478858 A2 EP1478858 A2 EP 1478858A2 EP 02760250 A EP02760250 A EP 02760250A EP 02760250 A EP02760250 A EP 02760250A EP 1478858 A2 EP1478858 A2 EP 1478858A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
piston
accumulator
accumulator according
sealing
cylinder tube
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP02760250A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1478858B1 (en
Inventor
Norbert Weber
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Hydac Technology GmbH
Original Assignee
Hydac Technology GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Hydac Technology GmbH filed Critical Hydac Technology GmbH
Publication of EP1478858A2 publication Critical patent/EP1478858A2/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1478858B1 publication Critical patent/EP1478858B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B1/00—Installations or systems with accumulators; Supply reservoir or sump assemblies
    • F15B1/02—Installations or systems with accumulators
    • F15B1/04—Accumulators
    • F15B1/08—Accumulators using a gas cushion; Gas charging devices; Indicators or floats therefor
    • F15B1/24—Accumulators using a gas cushion; Gas charging devices; Indicators or floats therefor with rigid separating means, e.g. pistons
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2201/00—Accumulators
    • F15B2201/20—Accumulator cushioning means
    • F15B2201/205—Accumulator cushioning means using gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2201/00—Accumulators
    • F15B2201/30—Accumulator separating means
    • F15B2201/31—Accumulator separating means having rigid separating means, e.g. pistons
    • F15B2201/312—Sealings therefor, e.g. piston rings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2201/00—Accumulators
    • F15B2201/30—Accumulator separating means
    • F15B2201/32—Accumulator separating means having multiple separating means, e.g. with an auxiliary piston sliding within a main piston, multiple membranes or combinations thereof

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a piston accumulator with a separating piston which can be moved axially within a accumulator housing, which separates a fluid side of the accumulator from its gas side and, on its circumference guided on the inner wall of the accumulator housing, has two sealing regions offset with respect to one another in the axial direction.
  • Piston accumulators of this type are known in a variety of designs.
  • the part of the accumulator housing that surrounds and separates the separating piston generally has the shape of a cylinder tube, which is why the piston accumulators are often also referred to as cylinder accumulators.
  • the sealing areas on the circumference of the separating piston are usually formed by ring or O-ring seals which are embedded in axially offset external circumferential grooves in the separating piston.
  • the object of the invention is to create a piston accumulator which maintains its tightness even under extreme conditions and during long periods of use and ensures that gas cannot reach the fluid side in any operating state.
  • this object is achieved according to the invention in that the accumulator housing has a venting facility at a location located between the sealing regions of the separating piston in order to discharge leakage media which overcome the sealing regions.
  • venting option located between the gas-side and fluid-side sealing area it is ensured that no media can pass from the gas side to the fluid side or vice versa, even if molecules of the media adjacent to the separating piston crawl through the otherwise tight sealing system on the circumference of the separating piston. Because of the small molecules of the medium on the gas side, in most cases nitrogen, a certain creeping through sealing rings provided on the separating piston is not completely excluded, even if the surface on the inside of the cylinder tube of the accumulator housing is finely machined, because with this Operation of the piston accumulator basically there is a requirement that the friction between the piston seal and the inside of the cylinder tube during the piston movement is very small is what does not allow high surface pressure. Leakage quantities, for example hydraulic oil, which may have passed through the piston seal from the fluid side, too, cannot pass to the gas side due to the possibility of ventilation.
  • the piston accumulator according to the invention is particularly suitable for applications in which safety requirements have to be met, in particular for brake systems, because here the prevention of transfers of gas molecules to the fluid side is of crucial importance.
  • a vent hole continuously formed in the wall of the storage housing can be provided as a vent option.
  • the outlet end of the vent hole is connected to a collecting chamber for receiving the leak media.
  • Leakage media are only released into the environment after the collection chamber has been filled.
  • the arrangement can be such that the outlet of the collection chamber which enables venting to the outside has a normally closed valve arrangement which opens due to the pressure prevailing in the collection chamber, so that an automatic discharge takes place when a preselected overpressure builds up after the collection chamber has been completely filled ,
  • an additional third sealing area which is even closer to the gas side, can be provided on the separating piston. Since leakage components cannot pass from the fluid side, this would result in the third sealing area forming piston seal, and usually also the the piston seal forming the second sealing area, run dry.
  • a supply device for supplying a flowable lubricant to the peripheral section of the separating piston located between the second and third sealing area is provided in the separating piston.
  • This can be a highly viscous oil, for example a mineral oil, or a flowable fat.
  • the invention is explained in detail below using an exemplary embodiment shown in the drawing.
  • the single figure shows a schematically simplified longitudinal section of the embodiment of the piston accumulator.
  • the piston accumulator shown in the figure has a cylinder housing 3, designated as a whole by 1, which is closed at one end by an end wall 5 formed integrally with the cylinder tube 3 and at the opposite end by a closure cover 7.
  • the closure cover 7 is secured by a snap ring 9 on the cylinder tube 3 and sealed by means of an O-ring 11 on the inner wall of the cylinder tube 3.
  • the closure cover 7 could be welded to the cylinder tube 3.
  • a separating piston 13 is axially displaceable in the cylinder tube 3 and is sealed against the finely machined inner wall of the cylinder tube 3 by means of three piston seals which are offset axially to one another and which have a first, form a second and a third sealing area on the circumference of the separating piston 13.
  • the piston seals are each sealing rings located in circumferential grooves of the separating piston 13, the sealing ring 17 closest to the fluid side 15 of the piston accumulator forming the first sealing area.
  • a passage 19 provided in the cover 7 with a connecting piece 21 establishes the connection to an associated hydraulic system (not shown).
  • a second sealing ring 25 which is seated in a circumferential groove of the annular piston 13, is provided as the second sealing area.
  • the stroke of the separating piston 13 within the cylinder tube 3 is mechanically limited to a desired working stroke length by stops in the cylinder tube 3, not shown in the drawing, or alternatively by controlling the pressure ratios of the fluid side 15 and gas side 23, the gas filling pressure of which can be set via a filling connection 29 is.
  • an annular groove-like recess 33 with a chamfered surface extends over the entire circumference of the inner wall into the inner wall of the cylinder tube 3. th side edges 35 incorporated.
  • the recess 33 also prevents the seals 25 and 27 from shearing off during assembly when they are pushed over the bore 31.
  • an inner chamber is formed on the circumference of the separating piston 13, which chamber is connected to the vent hole 31 and into which leak media can enter if liquid molecules should creep through the sealing ring 17 or that Sealing rings 27 and 25 should be overcome by the small gas molecules of the filling gas on the gas side 23. Any leak media of this type pass through the vent hole 31 into a collecting chamber 39 into which the outer end of the vent hole 31 opens.
  • this collecting chamber 39 is formed by an annular body 41 seated on the outside of the cylinder tube 3.
  • This is a one-piece molded plastic or sheet metal profile body with a flat outer ring surface 43, which is bordered laterally from it perpendicularly extending edge strips 45, the free ends of which rest on the outside of the cylinder tube 3, so that the ring surface 43 equidistantly at a distance is held from the outside of the cylinder tube 3.
  • the edge strips 45 are sealed off from the outside of the cylinder tube 3 by O-rings 47.
  • the collecting chamber 39 thus formed has a bore 49 as an outlet into the open, which is opened or closed by means of a valve arrangement.
  • the pretension with which the band 51 rests on the annular surface 43 is selected such that the band 51 lifts off the bore 49 at a predetermined overpressure in the collecting chamber 39 in order to release media in the collecting chamber to the environment.
  • the bore 49 forming the outlet is shown on the side of the cylinder tube 3 lying at the top in the drawing.
  • the ring body 41 can be rotated on the cylinder tube 3 in order to enable the bore 49 to be set to the highest point.
  • the ends of the edge strips 45 could be designed as sealing edges which interact directly with the cylinder tube 3.
  • a bore containing a porous, plug-like insert could be provided, for example using a plug made of a porous sintered material.
  • the separating piston 13 In the circumferential area of the separating piston 13, which is located between the second and third sealing area, ie between the sealing rings 25 and 27, an annular groove 53 is machined into the circumference of the separating piston 13, which is provided with a supply device in the separating piston 13 for the supply of a flowable lubricant is connected.
  • the separating piston 13 has an internal concentric auxiliary cylinder 55, which is closed towards the fluid side 15 and opened towards the gas side 23.
  • An auxiliary piston 57 is inserted into the auxiliary cylinder 55 from the gas side 23 and has a circumferential piston seal 59 and is secured against escaping from the auxiliary cylinder 55 by a snap ring 61.
  • the volume located between the auxiliary piston 57 and the closed end of the auxiliary cylinder 55 is filled with a supply of a flowable lubricant.
  • a connection card nal 63 in the separating piston 13 connects this lubricant supply space with the annular groove 53 on the circumference of the separating piston 13.
  • the auxiliary piston 57 is spring-loaded by a helical compression spring 65, which is supported on a holding plate 69 fixed to the separating piston 13 by means of a snap ring 67.
  • a helical compression spring 65 which is supported on a holding plate 69 fixed to the separating piston 13 by means of a snap ring 67.
  • the elastic band 51 covering the bore 49 can also be replaced by another annular elastic body, for example in the form of an O-ring or a ring with a rectangular cross section or the like.
  • a bush-like stop body 70 within the housing 1, which prevents the seal 17 from sliding into the groove 33, provided the separating piston 13 moves back to a far higher position (not shown) should.
  • the relevant stop body 70 lies flush with its outer circumference on the inner circumference of the storage housing 1 and otherwise extends between the end wall 5 and the one free end of the separating piston 13, provided that, as shown in the figure, it moves against the stop body 70 as far as it will go. Otherwise, the stop body 70 is fixed in the position shown by its internal stress inside the storage housing 1.
  • a protrusion or another stop means on the inside of the storage housing 1 can also be used, the arrangement obviously being chosen such that the sealant 17 cannot get into the groove 33 during operation of the device.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Supply Devices, Intensifiers, Converters, And Telemotors (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a piston-type accumulator comprising a separating piston (13) which can be displaced axially within a piston housing (1). Said piston separates a fluid side (15) of the accumulator from the gas side (23) thereof and comprises two sealing areas (17, 25) which are offset in relation to each other in the axial direction thereof, said sealing areas being arranged on the circumference thereof and being displaced on the inner wall of the accumulator housing. The invention is characterised in that the accumulator housing (1) is provided with a ventilation device (31) between said sealing areas (17, 25) for discharging leaking means passing through the sealing areas (17, 25).

Description

Kolbenspeicher piston accumulators
Die Erfindung betrifft einen Kolbenspeicher mit einem innerhalb eines Speichergehäuses axial verfahrbaren Trennkolben, der eine Fluidseite des Speichers von seiner Gasseite trennt und an seinem an der Innenwand des Speichergehäuses geführten Umfang zwei in Axialrichtung zueinander ver- setzte Abdichtungsbereiche aufweist.The invention relates to a piston accumulator with a separating piston which can be moved axially within a accumulator housing, which separates a fluid side of the accumulator from its gas side and, on its circumference guided on the inner wall of the accumulator housing, has two sealing regions offset with respect to one another in the axial direction.
Kolbenspeicher dieser Art sind in einer Vielzahl von Bauarten bekannt. Der den Trennkolben umgebende und axial führende Teil des Speichergehäuses hat im allgemeinen die Form eines Zylinderrohres, weshalb die Kolben- Speicher auch oft als Zylinderspeicher bezeichnet sind. Die Abdichtungsbereiche am Umfang des Trennkolbens sind üblicherweise durch Ring- oder O-Ring-Dichtungen gebildet, die in axial zueinander versetzten Außenum- fangsnuten im Trennkolben eingelassen sind.Piston accumulators of this type are known in a variety of designs. The part of the accumulator housing that surrounds and separates the separating piston generally has the shape of a cylinder tube, which is why the piston accumulators are often also referred to as cylinder accumulators. The sealing areas on the circumference of the separating piston are usually formed by ring or O-ring seals which are embedded in axially offset external circumferential grooves in the separating piston.
Für den Einsatz derartiger Zylinder- oder Kolbenspeicher werden hinsichtlich ihrer Funktionstüchtigkeit sehr hohe Anforderungen gestellt, und zwar über weite Temperaturbereiche, beispielsweise zwischen -40°C bis + 150°C. Es hat sich nun in Prüfstandsversuchen gezeigt, daß solche Spei- , eher hinsichtlich des Langzeitverhaltens nicht zufriedenstellend funktionie- ren, da bei den bekannten Speichern häufig Gas zur Öl- oder Fluidseite hin übertritt. Bei Speichern, die eine Sicherheitsfunktion zu erfüllen haben, ist dies nicht hinnehmbar, insbesondere, wenn es sich um Speicher in Verbindung mit hydraulischen Bremssystemen handelt, wo ein Übertritt von Gas in das Hydrauliksystem zu Fehlfunktion bis hin zu einem Versagen führen könnte.For the use of such cylinder or piston accumulators, very high demands are made with regard to their functionality, namely over wide temperature ranges, for example between -40 ° C. to + 150 ° C. It has now been shown in test bench tests that such storage devices do not function satisfactorily with regard to the long-term behavior, since in the case of the known storage devices gas is often directed towards the oil or fluid side transgresses. This is unacceptable for accumulators that have to fulfill a safety function, especially if they are accumulators in connection with hydraulic brake systems, where a passage of gas into the hydraulic system could lead to malfunction or even failure.
Ausgehend von diesem Stand der Technik liegt der Erfindung die Aufgabe zugrunde, einen Kolbenspeicher zu schaffen, der auch unter Extrembedingungen und bei langen Einsatzzeiten seine Dichtigkeit behält und sicher- stellt, daß in keinem Betriebszustand Gas zur Fluidseite hin gelangen kann.Proceeding from this prior art, the object of the invention is to create a piston accumulator which maintains its tightness even under extreme conditions and during long periods of use and ensures that gas cannot reach the fluid side in any operating state.
Bei einem Kolbenspeicher der eingangs genannten Art ist diese Aufgabe erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, daß das Speichergehäuse an einer zwischen den Abdichtungsbereichen des Trennkolbens gelegenen Stelle eine Entlüftungsmöglichkeit zur Ableitung von die Abdichtungsbereiche überwindenden Leckmedien aufweist.In the case of a piston accumulator of the type mentioned at the outset, this object is achieved according to the invention in that the accumulator housing has a venting facility at a location located between the sealing regions of the separating piston in order to discharge leakage media which overcome the sealing regions.
Dank der zwischen gasseitigem und fluidseitigem Abdichtungsbereich gelegenen Entlüftungsmöglichkeit ist sichergestellt, daß kein Übertritt von Me- dien von der Gasseite zur Fluidseite oder umgekehrt erfolgen kann, selbst wenn Moleküle der an den Trennkolben angrenzenden Medien durch das ansonsten dichte Dichtungssystem am Umfang des Trennkolbens kriechen. Wegen der kleinen Moleküle des auf der Gasseite befindlichen Mediums, in den meisten Fällen Stickstoff, ist ein gewisses Kriechen durch am Trenn- kolben vorgesehene Dichtringe auch dann nicht gänzlich ausgeschlossen, wenn die Oberfläche auf der Innenseite des Zylinderrohres des Speichergehäuses feinstbearbeitet ist, weil bei dem Betrieb der Kolbenspeicher grundsätzlich die Forderung besteht, daß die Reibung zwischen Kolbendichtung und Innenseite des Zylinderrohres während der Kolbenbewegung sehr klein ist, was keine hohe Flächenpressung erlaubt. Auch gegebenenfalls von der Fluidseite her über die Kolbendichtung übergetretene Leckmengen, beispielsweise von Hydraul iköl, können aufgrund der Entlüftungsmöglichkeit nicht zur Gasseite übertreten.Thanks to the venting option located between the gas-side and fluid-side sealing area, it is ensured that no media can pass from the gas side to the fluid side or vice versa, even if molecules of the media adjacent to the separating piston crawl through the otherwise tight sealing system on the circumference of the separating piston. Because of the small molecules of the medium on the gas side, in most cases nitrogen, a certain creeping through sealing rings provided on the separating piston is not completely excluded, even if the surface on the inside of the cylinder tube of the accumulator housing is finely machined, because with this Operation of the piston accumulator basically there is a requirement that the friction between the piston seal and the inside of the cylinder tube during the piston movement is very small is what does not allow high surface pressure. Leakage quantities, for example hydraulic oil, which may have passed through the piston seal from the fluid side, too, cannot pass to the gas side due to the possibility of ventilation.
Der erfindungsgemäße Kolbenspeicher eignet sich insbesondere für Anwendungsfälle, bei denen Sicherheitsanforderungen zu erfüllen sind, insbesondere für Bremssysteme, weil hier die Verhinderung von Übertritten von Gasmolekülen zur Fluidseite von ausschlaggebender Bedeutung ist.The piston accumulator according to the invention is particularly suitable for applications in which safety requirements have to be met, in particular for brake systems, because here the prevention of transfers of gas molecules to the fluid side is of crucial importance.
Als Entlüftungsmöglichkeit kann eine in der Wand des Speichergehäuses durchgehend ausgebildete Entlüftungsbohrung vorgesehen sein.A vent hole continuously formed in the wall of the storage housing can be provided as a vent option.
Bei einem vorteilhaften Ausführungsbeispiel ist das Austrittsende der Entlüf- tungsbohrung mit einer Sammelkammer für die Aufnahme der Leckmedien in Verbindung. Leckmedien werden dadurch erst nach erfolgter Füllung der Sammelkammer an die Umgebung abgegeben. Die Anordnung kann hierbei so getroffen sein, daß der eine Entlüftung ins Freie ermöglichende Auslaß der Sammelkammer eine normalerweise geschlossene Ventilanordnung aufweist, die durch den in der Sammelkammer herrschenden Druck öffnet, so daß eine selbsttätige Ableitung bei Aufbau eines vorgewählten Überdrucks nach vollständiger Füllung der Sammelkammer erfolgt.In an advantageous embodiment, the outlet end of the vent hole is connected to a collecting chamber for receiving the leak media. Leakage media are only released into the environment after the collection chamber has been filled. The arrangement can be such that the outlet of the collection chamber which enables venting to the outside has a normally closed valve arrangement which opens due to the pressure prevailing in the collection chamber, so that an automatic discharge takes place when a preselected overpressure builds up after the collection chamber has been completely filled ,
Bei einer Ausführungsform als „superdichter" Kolbenspeicher kann außer den Abdichtungsbereichen, zwischen denen sich die Entlüftungsmöglichkeit befindet, am Trennkolben ein der Gasseite noch näher gelegener, zusätzlicher dritter Abdichtungsbereich vorgesehen sein. Da kein Übertritt von Leckbestandteilen von der Fluidseite her möglich ist, würde die den dritten Abdichtungsbereich bildende Kolbendichtung, und normalerweise auch die den zweiten Abdichtungsbereich bildende Kolbendichtung, trocken laufen. Bei einem vorteilhaften Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung ist im Hinblick hierauf im Trennkolben eine Versorgungseinrichtung für die Zufuhr eines fließfähigen Schmierstoffes zu dem zwischen zweitem und drittem Abdich- tungsbereich gelegenen Umfangsabschnitt des Trennkolbens vorgesehen. Hierbei kann es sich um ein hochviskoses Öl, beispielsweise ein Mineralöl, oder ein fließfähiges Fett handeln. Neben der dadurch erreichten Schmierung, wodurch die Kolbenreibung reduziert und die Lebensdauer erhöht wird, ergibt sich wegen der hohen Viskosität des zugeführten Stoffes eine zusätzliche Sperr- oder Abdichtungswirkung.In an embodiment as a "super-tight" piston accumulator, in addition to the sealing areas between which there is the venting option, an additional third sealing area, which is even closer to the gas side, can be provided on the separating piston. Since leakage components cannot pass from the fluid side, this would result in the third sealing area forming piston seal, and usually also the the piston seal forming the second sealing area, run dry. In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, in view of this, a supply device for supplying a flowable lubricant to the peripheral section of the separating piston located between the second and third sealing area is provided in the separating piston. This can be a highly viscous oil, for example a mineral oil, or a flowable fat. In addition to the lubrication achieved thereby, which reduces the piston friction and increases the service life, there is an additional locking or sealing effect due to the high viscosity of the supplied material.
Nachstehend ist die Erfindung anhand eines in der Zeichnung dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiels im einzelnen erläutert. Die einzige Figur zeigt einen schematisch vereinfachten Längsschnitt des Ausführungsbeispiels des Kol- benspeichers.The invention is explained in detail below using an exemplary embodiment shown in the drawing. The single figure shows a schematically simplified longitudinal section of the embodiment of the piston accumulator.
Der in der Figur dargestellte Kolbenspeicher weist ein als Ganzes mit 1 bezeichnetes Speichergehäuse mit einem Zylinderrohr 3 auf, das am einen Ende durch eine einstückig mit dem Zylinderohr 3 geformte Endwand 5 und am entgegengesetzten Ende durch einen Verschlußdeckel 7 abgeschlossen ist. Beim gezeigten Beispiel ist der Verschlußdeckel 7 durch einen Sprengring 9 am Zylinderrohr 3 gesichert und mittels eines O-Ringes 1 1 an der Innenwand des Zylinderrohres 3 abgedichtet. Anstelle der Verwendung eines Sprengringes 9 könnte der Verschlußdeckel 7 mit dem Zy- linderrohr 3 verschweißt sein.The piston accumulator shown in the figure has a cylinder housing 3, designated as a whole by 1, which is closed at one end by an end wall 5 formed integrally with the cylinder tube 3 and at the opposite end by a closure cover 7. In the example shown, the closure cover 7 is secured by a snap ring 9 on the cylinder tube 3 and sealed by means of an O-ring 11 on the inner wall of the cylinder tube 3. Instead of using a snap ring 9, the closure cover 7 could be welded to the cylinder tube 3.
Im Zylinderrohr 3 ist ein Trennkolben 13 axial verschiebbar, der gegenüber der feinstbearbeiteten Innenwand des Zylinderrohres 3 mittels dreier, axial zueinander versetzter Kolbendichtungen abgedichtet ist, die einen ersten, einen zweiten und einen dritten Abdichtungsbereich am Umfang des Trennkolbens 13 bilden. Bei den Kolbendichtungen handelt es sich jeweils um in Umfangsnuten des Trennkolbens 13 sitzende Dichtringe, wobei der der Fluidseite 15 des Kolbenspeichers nächstgelegene Dichtring 1 7 den ersten Abdichtungsbereich bildet. Ein im Verschlußdeckel 7 vorgesehener Durchgang 19 mit einem Anschlußstutzen 21 stellt die Verbindung zu einem zugeordneten Hydrauliksystem (nicht gezeigt) her.A separating piston 13 is axially displaceable in the cylinder tube 3 and is sealed against the finely machined inner wall of the cylinder tube 3 by means of three piston seals which are offset axially to one another and which have a first, form a second and a third sealing area on the circumference of the separating piston 13. The piston seals are each sealing rings located in circumferential grooves of the separating piston 13, the sealing ring 17 closest to the fluid side 15 of the piston accumulator forming the first sealing area. A passage 19 provided in the cover 7 with a connecting piece 21 establishes the connection to an associated hydraulic system (not shown).
Gegenüber dem den ersten Abdichtungsbereich bildenden Dichtring 1 7 axial gegen die an die andere Kolbenseite angrenzende Gasseite 23 hin versetzt, ist als zweiter Abdichtungsbereich ein zweiter, in einer Umfangs- nut des Ringkolbens 13 sitzender Dichtring 25 vorgesehen. Ein noch weiter in Richtung auf die Gasseite 23 hin versetzter dritter Abdichtungsbereich ist durch einen dritten, in einer Umfangsnut des Trennkolbens 13 sitzenden Dichtring 27 gebildet.Compared to the sealing ring 17 forming the first sealing area, axially offset against the gas side 23 adjoining the other piston side, a second sealing ring 25, which is seated in a circumferential groove of the annular piston 13, is provided as the second sealing area. A third sealing area, which is offset even further towards the gas side 23, is formed by a third sealing ring 27 seated in a circumferential groove of the separating piston 13.
Der Hubweg des Trennkolbens 13 innerhalb des Zylinderrohres 3 wird durch in der Zeichnung nicht dargestellte Anschläge im Zylinderrohr 3 mechanisch auf eine gewünschte Arbeits-Hublänge begrenzt oder alternativ mittels Steuerung der Druckverhältnisse von Fluidseite 15 und Gasseite 23, deren Gas-Fülldruck über einen Füllanschluß 29 einstellbar ist. In dem Bereich des Zylinderrohres 3, der über die gesamte Arbeits-Hublänge des Trennkolbens 13 zwischen erstem und zweitem Abdichtungsbereich, d.h. zwischen dem Dichtring 17 und dem Dichtring 25, gelegen ist, ist als Ent- lüftungsmöglichkeit, die eine Ableitung von Leckmedien gestattet, eine Entlüftungsbohrung 31 in der Wand des Zylinderrohres 3 durchgehend ausgebildet. Im Bereich der inneren Mündung der Entlüftungsbohrung 31 ist in die Innenwand des Zylinderrohres 3 eine sich über den gesamten Umfang der Innenwand erstreckende, ringnutartige Ausnehmung 33 mit abgeschräg- ten Seitenrändern 35 eingearbeitet. Die Ausnehmung 33 verhindert auch ein Abscheren der Dichtungen 25 und 27 bei der Montage, wenn diese über die Bohrung 31 geschoben werden. Zusammen mit einer in den Umfang des Trennkolbens 13 eingearbeiteten Vertiefung 37 wird am Umfang des Trennkolbens 13 eine innere, mit der Entlüftungsbohrung 31 in Verbindung stehende Kammer gebildet, in die Leckmedien eintreten können, falls ein Kriechen von Flüssigkeitsmolekülen durch den Dichtring 17 stattfinden sollte oder die Dichtringe 27 und 25 durch die kleinen Gasmoleküle des Füllgases auf der Gasseite 23 überwunden werden sollten. Solche etwaigen Leckmedien gelangen durch die Entlüftungsbohrung 31 hindurch in eine Sammelkammer 39, in die das äußere Ende der Entlüftungsbohrung 31 mündet.The stroke of the separating piston 13 within the cylinder tube 3 is mechanically limited to a desired working stroke length by stops in the cylinder tube 3, not shown in the drawing, or alternatively by controlling the pressure ratios of the fluid side 15 and gas side 23, the gas filling pressure of which can be set via a filling connection 29 is. In the area of the cylinder tube 3, which is located over the entire working stroke length of the separating piston 13 between the first and second sealing areas, ie between the sealing ring 17 and the sealing ring 25, there is one venting option which allows leakage media to be drained off Vent hole 31 formed continuously in the wall of the cylinder tube 3. In the area of the inner mouth of the vent hole 31, an annular groove-like recess 33 with a chamfered surface extends over the entire circumference of the inner wall into the inner wall of the cylinder tube 3. th side edges 35 incorporated. The recess 33 also prevents the seals 25 and 27 from shearing off during assembly when they are pushed over the bore 31. Together with a recess 37 machined into the circumference of the separating piston 13, an inner chamber is formed on the circumference of the separating piston 13, which chamber is connected to the vent hole 31 and into which leak media can enter if liquid molecules should creep through the sealing ring 17 or that Sealing rings 27 and 25 should be overcome by the small gas molecules of the filling gas on the gas side 23. Any leak media of this type pass through the vent hole 31 into a collecting chamber 39 into which the outer end of the vent hole 31 opens.
Diese Sammelkammer 39 ist beim gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiel durch einen auf der Außenseite des Zylinderrohres 3 sitzenden Ringkörper 41 gebildet. Dieser ist ein aus Kunststoff oder Metallblech einstückig geformter Profilkörper mit einer flachen äußeren Ringfläche 43, die seitlich von sich zu ihr senkrecht erstreckenden Randleisten 45 eingefaßt ist, deren freie Enden an der Außenseite des Zylinderrohres 3 anliegen, so daß die Ringfläche 43 äquidistant in einem Abstand von der Außenseite des Zylinderrohres 3 gehalten ist. Durch O-Ringe 47 sind die Randleisten 45 gegenüber der Außenseite des Zylinderrohres 3 abgedichtet. Die so gebildete Sammelkammer 39 weist als Auslaß ins Freie eine Bohrung 49 auf, die mittels einer Ventilanordnung geöffnet oder verschlossen wird. Hierbei handelt es sich um ein elastisches Band 51, das die Ringfläche 43 des Ringkörpers 41 umschlingt. Die Vorspannung, mit der das Band 51 auf der Ringfläche 43 aufliegt, ist so gewählt, daß das Band 51 bei einem vorbestimmten Überdruck in der Sammelkammer 39 von der Bohrung 49 abhebt, um in der Sammelkammer befindliche Medien an die Umgebung abzugeben. In der Figur ist die den Auslaß bildende Bohrung 49 an der in der Zeichnung oben liegenden Seite des Zylinderrohres 3 gezeigt. Um zu ermöglichen, daß bei beliebigem Einbau des Kolbenspeichers die Entlüftungsmög- lichkeit nach oben führt, ist der Ringkörper 41 auf dem Zylinderrohr 3 drehbar, um zu ermöglichen, daß die Bohrung 49 auf die höchstgelegene Stelle einstellbar ist.In the exemplary embodiment shown, this collecting chamber 39 is formed by an annular body 41 seated on the outside of the cylinder tube 3. This is a one-piece molded plastic or sheet metal profile body with a flat outer ring surface 43, which is bordered laterally from it perpendicularly extending edge strips 45, the free ends of which rest on the outside of the cylinder tube 3, so that the ring surface 43 equidistantly at a distance is held from the outside of the cylinder tube 3. The edge strips 45 are sealed off from the outside of the cylinder tube 3 by O-rings 47. The collecting chamber 39 thus formed has a bore 49 as an outlet into the open, which is opened or closed by means of a valve arrangement. This is an elastic band 51 which wraps around the ring surface 43 of the ring body 41. The pretension with which the band 51 rests on the annular surface 43 is selected such that the band 51 lifts off the bore 49 at a predetermined overpressure in the collecting chamber 39 in order to release media in the collecting chamber to the environment. In the figure, the bore 49 forming the outlet is shown on the side of the cylinder tube 3 lying at the top in the drawing. In order to enable the venting possibility to lead upward in any installation of the piston accumulator, the ring body 41 can be rotated on the cylinder tube 3 in order to enable the bore 49 to be set to the highest point.
Anstelle der Abdichtung der Sammelkammer 39 gegen das Zylinderrohr 3 mittels der O-Rjnge 47 könnten die Enden der Randleisten 45 als mit dem Zylinderrohr 3 unmittelbar zusammenwirkende Dichtkanten ausgebildet sein. Anstelle einer frei durchgehenden Entlüftungsbohrung 31 könnte eine einen porösen, stopfenartigen Einsatz enthaltende Bohrung vorgesehen sein, beispielsweise unter Verwendung eines Stopfens aus einem porösen Sinterwerkstoff.Instead of sealing the collecting chamber 39 against the cylinder tube 3 by means of the O-ring 47, the ends of the edge strips 45 could be designed as sealing edges which interact directly with the cylinder tube 3. Instead of a freely continuous ventilation bore 31, a bore containing a porous, plug-like insert could be provided, for example using a plug made of a porous sintered material.
In dem Umfangsbereich des Trennkolbens 13, der zwischen zweitem und drittem Abdichtungsbereich gelegen ist, also zwischen den Dichtringen 25 und 27, ist in den Umfang des Trennkolbens 13 eine Ringnut 53 eingearbei- tet, die mit einer im Trennkolben 13 befindlichen Versorgungseinrichtung für die Zufuhr eines fließfähigen Schmierstoffes in Verbindung steht. Der Trennkolben 13 weist zu diesem Zweck einen innen liegenden, konzentrischen Hilfszylinder 55 auf, der zur Fluidseite 15 hin geschlossen und gegen die Gasseite 23 hin geöffnet ist. Von der Gasseite 23 her ist in den Hilfszy- linder 55 ein Hilfskolben 57 eingeführt, der eine umfängliche Kolbendichtung 59 aufweist und gegen einen Austritt aus dem Hilfszylinder 55 durch einen Sprengring 61 gesichert ist. Das zwischen dem Hilfskolben 57 und dem geschlossenen Ende des Hilfszylinders 55 gelegene Volumen ist mit einem Vorrat eines fließfähigen Schmierstoffes gefüllt. Ein Verbindungska- nal 63 im Trennkolben 13 verbindet diesen Schmierstoff - Vorrats räum mit der Ringnut 53 am Umfang des Trennkolbens 13.In the circumferential area of the separating piston 13, which is located between the second and third sealing area, ie between the sealing rings 25 and 27, an annular groove 53 is machined into the circumference of the separating piston 13, which is provided with a supply device in the separating piston 13 for the supply of a flowable lubricant is connected. For this purpose, the separating piston 13 has an internal concentric auxiliary cylinder 55, which is closed towards the fluid side 15 and opened towards the gas side 23. An auxiliary piston 57 is inserted into the auxiliary cylinder 55 from the gas side 23 and has a circumferential piston seal 59 and is secured against escaping from the auxiliary cylinder 55 by a snap ring 61. The volume located between the auxiliary piston 57 and the closed end of the auxiliary cylinder 55 is filled with a supply of a flowable lubricant. A connection card nal 63 in the separating piston 13 connects this lubricant supply space with the annular groove 53 on the circumference of the separating piston 13.
Der Hilfskolben 57 ist durch eine Schrauben - Druckfeder 65 federbelastet, die sich an einer mittels eines Sprengringes 67 am Trennkolben 13 fixierten Halteplatte 69 abstützt. Somit wirkt am Hilfskolben 57 nicht nur der Druck der Gasseite 23, sondern auch die Federvorspannung, so daß der Hilfskolben 57 in dem den Schmierstoff - Vorrat enthaltenden Raum einen Förderdruck erzeugt, durch den der Schmierstoff in die Ringnut 53 gedrückt wird. Bei dem Schmierstoff handelt es sich um ein hochviskoses Öl oder fließfähiges Fett. Hierdurch wird neben der Schmierung der Dichtringe 25,27 an den betreffenden Abdichtungsbereichen des Trennkolbens 13 eine zusätzliche Sperr- oder Abdichtungswirkung erzeugt. Insgesamt ergibt sich ein besonders gutes Langzeitverhalten des Kolbenspeichers, insbesondere eine vollständige Sicherheit gegen einen Übertritt des Mediums der Gasseite 23 zur Fluidseite 15, so daß sich der erfindungsgemäße Kolbenspeicher insbesondere auch für einen Einsatz bei Bremssystemen eignet.The auxiliary piston 57 is spring-loaded by a helical compression spring 65, which is supported on a holding plate 69 fixed to the separating piston 13 by means of a snap ring 67. Thus, not only the pressure of the gas side 23, but also the spring preload acts on the auxiliary piston 57, so that the auxiliary piston 57 generates a delivery pressure in the space containing the lubricant supply, through which the lubricant is pressed into the annular groove 53. The lubricant is a highly viscous oil or free-flowing grease. As a result, in addition to the lubrication of the sealing rings 25, 27, an additional locking or sealing effect is produced on the relevant sealing areas of the separating piston 13. Overall, there is a particularly good long-term behavior of the piston accumulator, in particular complete security against the transfer of the medium from the gas side 23 to the fluid side 15, so that the piston accumulator according to the invention is also particularly suitable for use in brake systems.
Das die Bohrung 49 überdeckende elastische Band 51 kann auch ersetzt werden durch einen sonstigen ringförmigen elastischen Körper, beispielsweise in Form eines O-Ringes oder eines im Querschnitt rechteckförmigen Ringes od. dgl. mehr.The elastic band 51 covering the bore 49 can also be replaced by another annular elastic body, for example in the form of an O-ring or a ring with a rectangular cross section or the like.
Des weiteren besteht die Möglichkeit, wie dies insbesondere die Abbildung zeigt, innerhalb des Gehäuses 1 einen buchsenartigen Anschlagkörper 70 einzusetzen, der verhindert, daß die Dichtung 17 in die Nut 33 rutscht, sofern der Trennkolben 13 in eine weit erhöhte Stellung (nicht dargestellt) zurückfahren sollte. Der dahingehende Anschlagkörper 70 liegt mit seinem Außenumfang bündig am Innenumfang des Speichergehäuses 1 an und er- streckt sich ansonsten zwischen der Endwand 5 und dem einen freien Ende des Trennkolbens 13, sofern dieser, wie in der Figur dargestellt, auf Anschlag gegen den Anschlagkörper 70 fährt. Ansonsten ist der Anschlagkörper 70 durch seine Eigenspannung im Inneren des Speichergehäuses 1 in seiner gezeigten Lage fixiert. Anstelle des Anschlagkörpers 70 kann auch eine Vorkragung oder ein sonstiges Anschlagmittel auf der Innenseite des Speichergehäuses 1 dienen, wobei die Anordnung sinnfällig so gewählt wird, daß das Dichtmittel 17 beim Betrieb der Vorrichtung nicht in die Nut 33 gelangen kann. Furthermore, there is the possibility, as shown in particular in the figure, of inserting a bush-like stop body 70 within the housing 1, which prevents the seal 17 from sliding into the groove 33, provided the separating piston 13 moves back to a far higher position (not shown) should. The relevant stop body 70 lies flush with its outer circumference on the inner circumference of the storage housing 1 and otherwise extends between the end wall 5 and the one free end of the separating piston 13, provided that, as shown in the figure, it moves against the stop body 70 as far as it will go. Otherwise, the stop body 70 is fixed in the position shown by its internal stress inside the storage housing 1. Instead of the stop body 70, a protrusion or another stop means on the inside of the storage housing 1 can also be used, the arrangement obviously being chosen such that the sealant 17 cannot get into the groove 33 during operation of the device.

Claims

P a t e n t a n s p r ü c h e Patent claims
1. Kolbenspeicher mit einem innerhalb eines Speichergehäuses (1 ) axial verfahrbaren Trennkolben (13), der eine Fluidseite (15) des Speichers von seiner Gasseite (23) trennt und an seinem an der Innenwand des1. Piston accumulator with a separating piston (13) which is axially movable within a accumulator housing (1) and which separates a fluid side (15) of the accumulator from its gas side (23) and on its on the inner wall of the
Speichergehäuses (1 ) geführten Umfang zwei in Axialrichtung zueinander versetzte Abdichtungsbereiche (17,25) aufweist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Speichergehäuse (1 ) an einer zwischen den Abdichtungsbereichen (1 7,25) des Trennkolbens (13) gelegenen Stelle eine Ent- lüftungsmöglichkeit (31 ) zur Ableitung von die AbdichtungsbereicheAccumulator housing (1) has two circumferentially offset sealing areas (17, 25), characterized in that the storage housing (1) has a venting possibility at a location between the sealing areas (1, 7, 25) of the separating piston (13) (31) to derive the sealing areas
(1 7,25) überwindenden Leckmedien aufweist.(1 7.25) overcoming leak media.
2. Kolbenspeicher nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass als Entlüftungsmöglichkeit eine in der Wand des Speichergehäuses (1 ) durchgehend ausgebildete Entlüftungsbohrung (31) vorgesehen ist.2. Piston accumulator according to claim 1, characterized in that a vent hole (31) formed continuously in the wall of the accumulator housing (1) is provided as the venting option.
3. Kolbenspeicher nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Austrittsende der Entlüftungsbohrung (31 ) mit einer Sammelkammer (39) für die Aufnahme der Leckmedien in Verbindung steht.3. Piston accumulator according to claim 2, characterized in that the outlet end of the vent hole (31) is connected to a collecting chamber (39) for receiving the leak media.
4. Kolbenspeicher nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Sammelkammer (39) einen eine Entlüftung ins Freie ermöglichenden Auslaß (42) aufweist.4. Piston accumulator according to claim 3, characterized in that the collecting chamber (39) has an outlet (42) which enables venting into the open.
5. Kolbenspeicher nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Auslaß (49) eine durch den in den Sammelkammer (39) herrschenden Druck offenbare, normalerweise geschlossene Ventilanordnung (51 ) aufweist. 5. Piston accumulator according to claim 3, characterized in that the outlet (49) has a normally closed valve arrangement (51) which can be revealed by the pressure prevailing in the collecting chamber (39).
6. Kolbenspeicher nach einem der Ansprüche 3 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Sammelkammer (39) durch einen auf der Außenseite eines den Trennkolben (31) aufnehmenden Zylinderrohres (3) des Speichergehäuses (1) sitzenden Ringkörper (41) gebildet ist, dessen äquidi- stant zur Außenseite des Zylinderrohres (3) verlaufende Ringfläche (43) durch sich beidseits an diese anschließende, radial nach innen vorspringende Randleisten (45) in einem die lichte Weite der Sammelkammer (39) definierenden Abstand vom Zylinderrohr (3) gehalten ist.6. Piston accumulator according to one of claims 3 to 5, characterized in that the collecting chamber (39) by an on the outside of a separating piston (31) receiving cylinder tube (3) of the accumulator housing (1) seated annular body (41) is formed, the The annular surface (43), which extends equidistantly from the outside of the cylinder tube (3), is held at a distance from the cylinder tube (3) that defines radially inwardly projecting edge strips (45) on both sides of the cylinder tube (3).
7. Kolbenspeicher nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die7. Piston accumulator according to claim 6, characterized in that the
Ringfläche (43) eine zwischen den seitlichen Randleisten (45) gelegene, den Auslaß bildende Bohrung (49) aufweist.Annular surface (43) has a bore (49) between the lateral edge strips (45) and forming the outlet.
8. Kolbenspeicher nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass als Ventilanordnung des Auslasses ein die Ringfläche (43) umgebendes und die Bohrung (49) überdeckendes elastisches Band (51) vorgesehen ist.8. Piston accumulator according to claim 7, characterized in that the valve arrangement of the outlet is provided with an elastic band (51) surrounding the annular surface (43) and covering the bore (49).
9. Kolbenspeicher nach einem der Ansprüche 6 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die einander zugewandten Innenseiten der Randleisten (45) jeweils durch ein Dichtelement (47) gegenüber der Außenseite des9. Piston accumulator according to one of claims 6 to 8, characterized in that the mutually facing inner sides of the edge strips (45) each by a sealing element (47) against the outside of the
Zylinderrohres (3) abgedichtet sind.Cylinder tube (3) are sealed.
10. Kolbenspeicher nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Trenn kolben (13) an seinem zwischen den Abdich- tungsbereichen (17,25) gelegenen, mit der Entlüftungsmöglichkeit (31 ) zusammenwirkenden Abschnitt eine in seinen Umfang eingearbeitete Vertiefung (37) aufweist. 10. Piston accumulator according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the separating piston (13) on its between the sealing areas (17,25) located, with the venting option (31) cooperating section a recess worked into its circumference ( 37).
1 1. Kolbenspeicher nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Trennkolben (13) außer dem der Fluidseite (15) benachbarten ersten Abdichtungsbereich (1 7) und dem gegen die Gasseite (23) hin axial versetzt gelegenen zweiten Abdichtungsbereich (25) einen axial noch weiter gegen die Gasseite (23) hin versetzten dritten Abdichtungsbereich (27) aufweist und daß im Trennkolben (13) eine Versorgungseinrichtung (55.57,63) für die Zufuhr eines fließfähigen Schmierstoffes zu dem zwischen zweitem und drittem Abdichtungsbereich (25 bzw. 27) gelegenen Umfangsabschnitt (53) des Trennkolbens (13) vor- gesehen ist.1 1. Piston accumulator according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the separating piston (13) in addition to the first sealing area (1 7) adjacent to the fluid side (15) and the second sealing area (axially offset towards the gas side (23)) 25) has a third sealing area (27) which is axially offset further towards the gas side (23) and that in the separating piston (13) there is a supply device (55.57, 63) for the supply of a flowable lubricant to the between the second and third sealing area (25 or 27) located circumferential section (53) of the separating piston (13).
12. Kolbenspeicher nach einem der Ansprüche 2 bis 1 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das innere Ende der Entlüftungsbohrung (31 ) in eine in die Innenwand des Speichergehäuses (1 ) eingearbeitete ringnutartige Aus- nehmung (33) einmündet, die sich innenumfangsseitig durchgehend in zur Axialrichtung senkrechter Richtung erstreckt. 12. Piston accumulator according to one of claims 2 to 1 1, characterized in that the inner end of the vent hole (31) in an in the inner wall of the accumulator housing (1) incorporated annular groove-like recess (33) opens out on the inner circumferential side in Axial direction extends perpendicular direction.
EP02760250A 2001-08-16 2002-07-18 Piston-type accumulator Expired - Lifetime EP1478858B1 (en)

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DE10139192A DE10139192A1 (en) 2001-08-16 2001-08-16 piston accumulators
PCT/EP2002/007982 WO2003016723A2 (en) 2001-08-16 2002-07-18 Piston-type accumulator

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE10139192A1 (en) 2003-03-06
US20040238054A1 (en) 2004-12-02
JP3996576B2 (en) 2007-10-24
US6923215B2 (en) 2005-08-02
DE50207143D1 (en) 2006-07-20
WO2003016723A2 (en) 2003-02-27
WO2003016723A3 (en) 2004-08-26
EP1478858B1 (en) 2006-06-07
JP2005502002A (en) 2005-01-20

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